Use Of PLASTIC WASTE In Road Construction
Presented By-:Sulakshya Gaur (121684)Use Of PLASTIC WASTE In Road Construction
CONTENTINTRODUCTIONPLASTIC ROADMATERIAL USEDMETHOD OF MIXINGADVANTAGESDISADVANTAGES
INTRODUCTION Plastic use in road construction is not new. Recent studies in this direction have shown some hope in terms of using plastic-waste in road construction i.e., Plastic roads. Plastic roads mainly use plastic carry-bags, disposable cups and PET bottles that are collected from garbage dumps as an important ingredient of the construction material. When mixed with hot bitumen, plastics melt to form an oily coat over the aggregate and the mixture is laid on the road surface like a normal tar road.
What is plastic?? A material that contains one or more organic polymers of large molecular weight, solid in its finished state and at some state while manufacturing or processing into finished articles, can be shaped by its flow.
Types of Plastics 1.Thermosets. 2.Elastomers. 3.Thermoplastics.
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Materials UsedAggregatesBitumenWaste plastic
Specifications for Waste Plastic
The following types of waste plastic can be used in the construction of rural roads: Films (Carry bags, Cups) thickness up to 60micron (PE,PP and PS) Hard foams (PS) any thickness Soft foams (PE and PP) any thickness
Laminated plastics thickness up to 60micron (Aluminum coated also) packing materials used for biscuits, chocolates, etc.
BASIC PROCESSESSegregation Cleaning process Shredding process Collection process 7
SegregationPlastic waste collected from various sources must be separated from other waste.Maximum thickness of 60 microns.
SEGREGATION PROCESS
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Cleaning Process
Plastic waste get cleaned and dried.
Cleaning Process
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Shredding Process Shredded or Cut into small piece. Then different types of plastic wastes are mixed together
Shredding process10
Collection process The plastic waste retaining in 2.36 mm is collected.
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METHOD OF MIXING:
1. DRY PROCESS
2. WET PROCESS
DRY PROCESSPlastics waste like bags, bottles etc are cut into a size between 2.36 mm and 4.75mm using shredding machine.The aggregate mix is heated to 1700C. and then it is transferred to mixing chamber.Similarly the bitumen is to be heated up to a maximum of 1600C. At the mixing chamber, the shredded plastics waste is added over the hot aggregate. The plastics waste coated aggregate is mixed with hot bitumen.
WET PROCESSWaste plastics by direct mixing with hot bitumen at 160C. Mechanical stirrer is needed. Since the wet process require a lot of investment and bigger plants so not commonly used.
CHARACTERISTICS OF PLASTIC COATED AGGREGATE 1 .Aggregate impact value Plastics improves aggregate impact value.Helps to improve the quality of flexible pavement
Aggregate impact value
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2.Los Angels Abrasion TestWear and tear values of plastic coated aggregate is found to be decreasing the percentage of plastics (Eg.37% without plastic, 32% with 1% plastic and 29% with 2% plastic)
3.Soundness Test The plastic coated aggregate, did not show any weight loss, improvement in the quality of the aggregate.16
% of PlasticsMoistureabsorptionSoundnessVoidsAggregate crushing testLos angeles abrasionNil4%5%4%26%37%1%1%NIL2.2%21%32%2%1%NIL1%20%29%3%0.5%NILNILNANA5%0.35%NILNILNANA10%0.12NILNILNANA
Percentage of plastics coating overaggregateCompression Strength( Tonnes)Bending Strength(Kg)10250325202703352529035030320390
ADVANTAGES OF PLASTIC ROAD Use higher percentage of plastic waste.Reduce the need of bitumen by around 10%.Increase the strength and performance of the road.Reduce the cost to around Rs. 5000/Km. of single lane road.Generate jobs for rag pickers.Develop a technology, which is eco-friendly.Improvement in fatigue life of roads.Better resistance towards rain water and cold weather Better resistance towards rain water and cold weather19
DISADVANTAGES OF PLASTIC ROADS 1. Cleaning processToxics present in the co-mingled plastic waste would d start leaching.2. During the road laying processThe presence of chlorine will definitely release noxious HCL gas.20
3. After the road laying The components of the road, once it has been laid, are not inert. It is opined that the first rain will trigger leaching. As the plastics will merely form a sticky layer, (mechanical abrasion). once the road is started to be used will cause the release of fine polymer particles. When air-borne, these will cause a particulate problem. 21
CONCLUSION Use of the innovative technology not only strengthened the road construction but also increased the road life Help to improve the environment .Plastic road would be a boon for Indias hot and extremely humid climate where durable and eco-friendly roads which will relive the earth from all type of plastic waste.Roads laid with plastic waste mix are found to be better than the conventional ones. Plastic will increase the melting point of the bitumen. Rainwater will not seep through because of the plastic in the tar. So, this technology will result in lesser road repairs.Use of the innovative technology not only strengthened the road construction but also increased the road life.
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REFERENCEVasudevan .R, utilization of waste plastics for flexible pavement, Indian High Ways (Indian Road Congress), Vol.34, No.7. (July 2006).S.S.Verma,(2008),Roads from plastic waste, The Indian Concrete Journal ,pp.43-47 IRC, Tentative Specifications for Bituminous Surface dressing Using Pre-coated Aggregates, IRC: 48-1.972, Indian Roads Congress. National Rural Roads Development Agency Ministry of Rural Development, Gol.Guidelines for the use of Plastic Waste in Rural Roads Construction.
