US Prepares for WWII Allied Power. What were we doing? Neutral Isolationism But: Cash and Carry Act 1939-US sells supplies to Allies but must pay cash.

US Prepares for WWIIUS Prepares for WWII

Allied PowerAllied Power

What were we doing?

•Neutral• Isolationism•But:•Cash and Carry Act 1939-US sells

supplies to Allies but must pay cash and pick up from US ports

•Lend & Lease 1941-Can borrow ships and supplies and pay later

US and Japan before US and Japan before WWIIWWII• Allied in WWIAllied in WWI

• Open Trade Open Trade

• In 1940: In 1940: Export Export Control ActControl Act: US : US embargo on Japan embargo on Japan stop trading oil, stop trading oil, metal, tools, etc. metal, tools, etc.

Pearl HarborPearl Harbor

• Sunday, December Sunday, December 7, 19417, 1941

• Surprise attack by Surprise attack by Japanese at US Japanese at US Naval Base Pearl Naval Base Pearl Harbor, HawaiiHarbor, Hawaii

• Japanese wanted to Japanese wanted to rid of the US Pacific rid of the US Pacific Fleet so they Fleet so they wouldn’t interfere in wouldn’t interfere in PacificPacific

WAR!!!WAR!!!

• Congress Congress declares war declares war Dec. 8, 1941Dec. 8, 1941

• ““A Day That will A Day That will Live in Infamy”-Live in Infamy”-FDRFDR

US Strategy

•Take back North Africa and then go through the weaker underbelly of Europe to knock Italy out of the war

•Focus on Germany then focus on Japan

•However we are fighting in all areas!

Shift ProductionShift Production

• Start making war Start making war materialsmaterials

• Example: Ford Example: Ford makes tanks not makes tanks not carscars

• Singer makes guns Singer makes guns not sewing not sewing machinesmachines

Effect on WorkersEffect on Workers

• Increase in wages Increase in wages • Increase in jobsIncrease in jobs• Unemployment Unemployment

goes down goes down • Increase in women Increase in women

workers doing male workers doing male jobsjobs

• Union membership Union membership increasesincreases

What is Rationing?What is Rationing?

• Limit the amount Limit the amount usedused

• Allot a certain Allot a certain amount for a timeamount for a time

• What materials What materials may need to be may need to be rationed during rationed during wartime?wartime?

Clothing/RubberClothing/Rubber

• Women’s fashion Women’s fashion changes: shorter changes: shorter dresses, sleeves, get the dresses, sleeves, get the bikinibikini

• Can’t get nylon stockings Can’t get nylon stockings (need materials tents, (need materials tents, parachutes)parachutes)

• Men no longer wear Men no longer wear vests with suits, vests with suits, collarless & cuffless collarless & cuffless shirtsshirts

• Need rubber for tires and Need rubber for tires and tough to get from Asia so tough to get from Asia so ration shoesration shoes

Metal/FurnitureMetal/Furniture

• Need for bullets, Need for bullets, tanks, etctanks, etc

• Money changes-Money changes-pennies are no pennies are no longer copper so use longer copper so use tin with a copper tin with a copper coveringcovering

• Wood needed so Wood needed so ration furniture is ration furniture is newly married or newly married or had a new babyhad a new baby

Gasoline Gasoline

• Problem getting it Problem getting it from Middle East, etc.from Middle East, etc.

• If drive car you use If drive car you use gas and wear tiresgas and wear tires

• People encouraged to People encouraged to carpool and use public carpool and use public transportationtransportation

• Get a gas sticker with Get a gas sticker with a letter a letter

• Doctors, priests, Doctors, priests, military and military and government workers government workers get moreget more

FoodsFoods

• Sugar rationed firstSugar rationed first

• Red Meat-chicken and Red Meat-chicken and seafood not rationed seafood not rationed but hard to find but hard to find because now in high because now in high demanddemand

• Fats-dairy products, Fats-dairy products, cheese, butter, eggs, cheese, butter, eggs, oil, etcoil, etc

• Canned itemsCanned items

How do you control it?How do you control it?

• Office of Price Office of Price Administration Administration (OPA):(OPA):

A.A. Ration coupons Ration coupons

B.B. Price Ceilings to Price Ceilings to stop inflation and stop inflation and stop prices from stop prices from going too high on going too high on certain itemscertain items

Coupon BooksCoupon Books

• Each month Each month received a bookletreceived a booklet

• As time went on As time went on they changed to they changed to tokenstokens

-Red for meat /fats-Red for meat /fats

-Blue for -Blue for canned/prepared canned/prepared itemsitems

Raising MoneyRaising Money

• Increase TaxesIncrease Taxes

• Liberty BondsLiberty Bonds

• Victory BondsVictory Bonds

What can the Homefront What can the Homefront do?do?• Buy BondsBuy Bonds

• Plant Victory Plant Victory GardensGardens

• RationRation

• Scrap Metal and Scrap Metal and Fats CollectionFats Collection

• Limit drivingLimit driving