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URINARY SYSTEMPROBLEMS
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FUNCTIONS OF KIDNEYUrine formation
Eliminates nitrogenous waste produts
Maintains aid!"ase "alane
Maintains #uid and eletrol$te "alane
Seretes er$t%ropoietin
Regulates BP
Meta"oli&es 'it( )
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DIAGNOSTICS
Urinal$sis
Blood %emistr$
BUN * gross glomerular funtion + e,retion
urea -reatinine * a"ilit$ of .idne$ to e,rete wast
I'P
-$tosop$
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PYELONEPHRITIS
In#ammation of .idne$/s pel0is +
nep%rons
Inter0entions1-otrimo,a&ole
P%ena&op$ridine
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UTI
Inrease #uids
)rin. aidi #uids
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CYSTITIS
E( oli
Empt$ "ladder 23%rs
-otton undies
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UROLITHIASIS
-ause1
)ereased #uid inta.e
)4N
p4 of urine
Inreased -a inta.e
UTI
4ot limate
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T$pes
Aidi stone
Purine
Al.aline as%diet
Stru0ite stoneN456 stag%orn!li.e
-$stine sto
7enetis
-a o,alate
-a!P stones
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Manifestations
-oli.$ pain at #an.
4ematuria
Inter0entions
O8IStrain urine
ES9L
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BPH
:; and up
Earl$1 dereased urine stream< %esit
Retained urine ma$ dam "a.Retal digital e,am
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Surgial inter0ention
Supra!pu"i prostatetom$ =:;g + up>
Lower midline
9%ole prostate
'asetom$
-,1 urinar$ ?stula
Retro!pu"i @
Perineal @
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TURP
st5 %rs * drain pin. and red
4emorr%age * inrease
)islodged * )O-Urgen$ * o"strution
O"struted * )O-< irrigate
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CD4 lear * remo0e
-,
)ri""ling =!3 w.s>
Bladder ne. stritureRetrograde eaulation
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BURNS
T%ermalPre0ent penetration to deeper tissues
Immerse in ool water
-%emial
Eletrial
Irradiation
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-LASSI8I-ATION)ept%
st
Super?ial partial
Epidermis
Redness< pain
3
nd
)eep partial
Epidermis + dermis
Blisters< 0er$ painful
