United States History Review Semester 2
Dec 25, 2015
United States History Review Semester 2
Who is Andrew Johnson?
• 1st President in US History to get impeached
• Personally disliked
What are Jim Crow Laws?
• Laws that were put in place to keep Southern society segregated - the separation of blacks and whites in society
What is Plessy V. Ferguson?
• In 1896 made segregation legal
• “Separate but Equal”
Key Constitutional Amendments
• Abolition of Slavery
• Equal Protection under the law
• Prohibition
• Black males could vote
• Women could Vote
Who was Andrew Carnegie?
• Captain of Industry
• One of the richest men in the United States
• Cornered the market on steel
What are labor unions?
• Groups of workers attempting to get change at the workplace
• Tactics Used: Strikes, Collective Bargaining
What is the American Federation of Labor?
• Led by Samuel Gompers
• Used collective bargaining
• Used strike as a tool to achieve success
What is the Progressive Movement?
• Reforming American society
• Reforming business
• Reforming government
Who was Teddy Roosevelt?
• No nonsense reformer
• Reforms big business
• Aims to break up large monopolies known as trusts
What is the Jungle?
• Book written by Upton Sinclair
• Written based on observations of Chicago Meatpacking industry
Who is Jane Addams?
• She was a progressive reformer
• Set up Hull House in Chicago- a settlement house that catered to the needs of immigrants
Who was WEB DuBois?
• Powerful intellectual
• Felt that rights and equality needed to gained right now
• Promoted agitation within society
Who was Booker T. Washington?
• Promoted the idea of working in the workforce
• Slowly but surely gaining rights and respect
Who are the muckrakers?
• Journalists during the Progressive period
• Investigative reporters who exposed horrors of the Industrial Age
What is the Cuban Revolt in 1890?
• Cuba revolts against Spain
• US joins in to take advantage of Spain losing Cuba
• Sympathetic to American business interests in Cuba
What is yellow journalism?
• Over exaggerate news stories
• Fake news stories
• Helps to gain support for Spanish-American War
What led to US involvement?
• USS Maine was sunk off of the coast of Cuba
What does the US gain?
• The US gained territories of Puerto Rico and Guam
How did the Philippines react to America intervention?
• Open rebellion that led to their eventual independence from Spain and then America
Why Imperialism in America?
• Looking to expand power politically and economically
• Ideas of Manifest Destiny
Why did the US enter WWI?
• Germany continued to sink US ships
• Zimmerman Note
What are the Fourteen Points?
• A plan to maintain peace throughout the world to avoid further wars
What is the League of Nations?
• Peace keeping organization set up after WWI
• Did not include the US because membership would likely lead to American foreign policy being influenced by others
What is the Treaty of Versailles?
• Peace treaty that ended WWI
• One of the causes of WWII
• Placed all the blame as well as debt on Germany for WWI
What is isolationism?
• Foreign Policy of the US which sought to stay out of the affairs of the rest of the world
What is the 19th Amendment?
• Women gained the right to vote
• Led by Susan B. Anthony and other influential women’s rights leaders
What is Prohibition?
• Made illegal the sale and manufacture of liquor
• It was widely ignored by the people
• Led to bootleggers and illegal manufacture and sale of liquor
What does it mean to buy on margin?
• Pay 10 percent of the value of stock you want
• Pay 1000 now for 10000 worth of stock
• You still owe the 9,000 for the purchase
• Just like gambling
What is the Bonus Army?
• Came to nation’s capital to protest peacefully
• They refused to budge
• Hoover sent in troops to disband the army which led to the deaths of children
Who was Franklin Delano Roosevelt?
• Elected to the presidency in 1932 to deal with problems of unemployment, lack of money and food
• Reformer who promoted government intervention to solve America’s problems
What did he do in first 100 Days?
• Closed banks and inspected them
• Alphabet Soup - title given to legislation passed during the first 100 days
What is the New Deal?
• Develops Social Security
• This was aided at helping older Americans
• Money provided to live on after retiring from work or unable to work anymore
What ended the Great Depression?
• Massive industrialization during World War II ended the depression
• Many males went to war
• Many women enter the workforce
What is the Lend-Lease Act?
• Providing our allies with weapons during World War II
• Leads to America becoming economic superpower
How many times was FDR elected?
• Only US President elected to four terms as president
• Leads to presidential term limits after his death
Who were the Allied Powers during World War II?
• Britain
• France
• United States
• Russia
Who were the Axis Powers?
• Italy
• Germany
• Japan
What is Pearl Harbor?
• Bombing of US by the Japanese
• Causes US entrance into WWII
• Known as the “day that will live in infamy”
What is Japanese Internment?
• Forced movement of Japanese Americans into camps
What did Americans face at home during WWII?
• Buying of war bonds
• Increased opportunities for women
• Food rationing
What is the D-Day Invasion?
• Allied invasion of France
• Turning point in the defeat of the Germans in Europe
What is Island Hopping?
• Strategy used by the US to win the war in the Pacific with the Japanese
What is the Manhattan Project?
• Project used to develop the atomic bomb
Who dropped the Atomic Bomb?
• United States drops the atomic bomb on Hiroshima and Nagasaki
What is the Truman Doctrine?
• Policy of containment of Russia after World War II
• Keep communism from spreading to other locations
What was the Marshall Plan?
• Helping to rebuild nations after the war
• To prevent the spread of Communism
• Used effectively in Japan and Western Germany