Unit Four The Virtual World. I. Teaching Plan (5 periods) Objectives: Students will be able to: 1.Understand the main idea and structure of the text.

Unit FourUnit Four

The Virtual WorldThe Virtual World

I. Teaching Plan (5 I. Teaching Plan (5 periods)periods)

Objectives:Objectives:

Students will be able to:Students will be able to:

1.Understand the main idea and 1.Understand the main idea and structure of the text.structure of the text.

2.Learn some rules of interpreting new 2.Learn some rules of interpreting new vocabulary and usage related to vocabulary and usage related to computers and the Internet in English.computers and the Internet in English.

3.Grasp the key language points and gram3.Grasp the key language points and grammatical structures in the text.matical structures in the text.

4.Conduct a series of reading,listening,sp4.Conduct a series of reading,listening,speaking, and writing activities related to teaking, and writing activities related to the theme of the unit.he theme of the unit.

Time allotmentTime allotment

1st 1st periodperiod

2nd 2nd periodperiod

3rd 3rd periodperiod

4th 4th periodperiod

5th 5th periodperiod

Pre-Pre-readingreading

While-reaWhile-readingding(text orga(text organization;lnization;language anguage pointspoints

While-reaWhile-readingding(language (language points;points;Find strucFind structure; ture; ConsequeConsequences of vitnces of vitual life)ual life)

Post-readPost-reading;ing;Check on Check on studentstudents’s homs’s home readinge reading(Text B)(Text B)

Theme-Theme-related related language language learning learning TasksTasks

Pre-reading tasksPre-reading tasks

1.Teacher asks Students the following que1.Teacher asks Students the following questions on the poem Surfing the Internet: stions on the poem Surfing the Internet: (5 minutes)(5 minutes)

---What was the hero doing when his bos---What was the hero doing when his boss came in? (surfing the Intemet)s came in? (surfing the Intemet)

---How did he act in front of his boss? (He ---How did he act in front of his boss? (He pretended to be surprised at the computpretended to be surprised at the computer which had crashed "unexpectedly".)er which had crashed "unexpectedly".)

2. Students look at the theme of this unit (The Vit2. Students look at the theme of this unit (The Vitual World) and the tide of Text A (A Vitual Life), ual World) and the tide of Text A (A Vitual Life), then try to: (10 minutes)then try to: (10 minutes)

-- find antonyms of "virtual world" and "virtual -- find antonyms of "virtual world" and "virtual life"; (real world, real life)life"; (real world, real life)

-- suggest synonyms for "virtual world"; (cyber-- suggest synonyms for "virtual world"; (cyberspace, cyberia, etherworld, virtual reality, Intespace, cyberia, etherworld, virtual reality, Internet world, net world, etc.)rnet world, net world, etc.)

-- say what people can do on the Internet. (com-- say what people can do on the Internet. (communicating with people, shopping, reading,municating with people, shopping, reading,

entertainment, education, working, hacking, pentertainment, education, working, hacking, publishing, etc.)ublishing, etc.)

3. Imaginative writing (28 3. Imaginative writing (28 minutes)minutes)

1) Teacher dictates to Students the following par1) Teacher dictates to Students the following paragraph:agraph:

For the past two weeks, other participants of For the past two weeks, other participants of the Net Survival Contest (the Net Survival Contest ( 网络生存竞赛网络生存竞赛 ) and I ) and I have been shut up in bare hotel rooms. Our onhave been shut up in bare hotel rooms. Our only link to the real world has been a computer tly link to the real world has been a computer that is hooked up to the Internet (hat is hooked up to the Internet ( 互联网）互联网） .We .We have relied on it, not only for food, bed sheets have relied on it, not only for food, bed sheets and other daily necessities, but also to set up aand other daily necessities, but also to set up an e-business (n e-business ( 电子商务电子商务 )of our own.)of our own.

2) Now Students will 2) Now Students will complete the next complete the next paragraph beginning paragraph beginning with: "Now it is time with: "Now it is time for me to walk out into for me to walk out into the fight of day the fight of day again..." They will give again..." They will give their imagination full their imagination full play. They will write play. They will write no more than 100 no more than 100 words.words.

3) Students form 3) Students form groups of four to groups of four to five, and read five, and read aloud to each other aloud to each other their own writings.their own writings.

4. Teacher may lead in to Text A by saying: 4. Teacher may lead in to Text A by saying: Some of us like to live a life in contact wiSome of us like to live a life in contact with real things and real people, but otherth real things and real people, but others favor a virtual existence. Which life is bs favor a virtual existence. Which life is better? I'm sure you have differentetter? I'm sure you have different

opinions. Now let's read Text A to find ouopinions. Now let's read Text A to find out what Maia Szalavitz has to say about tht what Maia Szalavitz has to say about these two life styles. (2 minutes)ese two life styles. (2 minutes)

While-reading tasksWhile-reading tasks

1.1. Text organization (15 minutes)Text organization (15 minutes)

1) Teacher draws Students' attention to Text 1) Teacher draws Students' attention to Text Organization Exercise 1, and lets them Organization Exercise 1, and lets them read its instructions as well as what has read its instructions as well as what has already been done for them in this already been done for them in this exercise.exercise.

2) Students try to complete the exercise 2) Students try to complete the exercise by simply reading the first sentence of by simply reading the first sentence of each paragraph in Text A.each paragraph in Text A.

3) Students compare answers with each 3) Students compare answers with each other; if necessary, Teacher may help.other; if necessary, Teacher may help.

2. Teacher explains the key language 2. Teacher explains the key language points and gives Students practice points and gives Students practice (see Language Study). (45 minutes)(see Language Study). (45 minutes)

3. T guides Ss through Structure 3. T guides Ss through Structure Exercise 2. (10 minutes)Exercise 2. (10 minutes)

4. Students re-read Paras 4-10, work in pai4. Students re-read Paras 4-10, work in pairs to find out consequences of "my" virtrs to find out consequences of "my" virtual life. Can they use the "find oneself + ual life. Can they use the "find oneself + adj./past participle/present participle" sadj./past participle/present participle" structure when summing up the consequtructure when summing up the consequences? (10 minutes)ences? (10 minutes)

5. Some pairs report to the class 5. Some pairs report to the class their findings, using the "find" their findings, using the "find" structure. (5 minutes)structure. (5 minutes)

Post-reading tasksPost-reading tasks

1. Computer-related vocabulary items (20 minut1. Computer-related vocabulary items (20 minutes)es)

1) Students scan Text A to find out vocabulary i1) Students scan Text A to find out vocabulary items related to computer and the Internet. (Thtems related to computer and the Internet. (They are: ey are: virtual life, the net, telecommuter, emavirtual life, the net, telecommuter, email, Internet mailing lists, computer-assisted, dail, Internet mailing lists, computer-assisted, data, link cyber-interaction, on line, system crash,ta, link cyber-interaction, on line, system crash, click on the modem, connection, password click on the modem, connection, password))

2) T tells Students that new terms 2) T tells Students that new terms related to computer and the Internet related to computer and the Internet are constantly added to the English are constantly added to the English vocabulary, so much so that many of vocabulary, so much so that many of them are not included in any English them are not included in any English dictionary.dictionary.

However, if we apply certain rules, However, if we apply certain rules, their meanings axe easy to deduce.their meanings axe easy to deduce.

3) T gives Students more examples of co3) T gives Students more examples of computer-related vocabulary items (see Temputer-related vocabulary items (see Text Analysis).xt Analysis).

2. Teacher guides Students through 2. Teacher guides Students through some after-text exercises. (25 some after-text exercises. (25 minutes)minutes)

3. Teacher checks on Students' home 3. Teacher checks on Students' home reading (Text B). (3 minutes)reading (Text B). (3 minutes)

4. Students do Part IV: Theme-Related 4. Students do Part IV: Theme-Related Language Learning Tasks. (1 period)Language Learning Tasks. (1 period)

5. Teacher asks Students to prepare the 5. Teacher asks Students to prepare the next unit: (2 minutes)next unit: (2 minutes)

1) do the pre-reading task;1) do the pre-reading task; 2) preview Text A.2) preview Text A.

II. Text AnalysisII. Text Analysis

The most dynamic combining The most dynamic combining forms/prefixes for new computer-forms/prefixes for new computer-and-Internet-related vocabulary in and-Internet-related vocabulary in English are cyber-, virtual, Net- English are cyber-, virtual, Net- (net-), Web- (web-), and E- (e-).(net-), Web- (web-), and E- (e-).

New English vocabulary items New English vocabulary items derived from them usually appear in derived from them usually appear in the following forms: the following forms:

1. combining forms/prefixes + noun: this is the m1. combining forms/prefixes + noun: this is the most common type, e.g. virtual life (ost common type, e.g. virtual life ( 虚拟生活虚拟生活 ),),

virtual world (virtual world ( 虚拟世界虚拟世界 ) , virtual community ) , virtual community (( 虚拟社区虚拟社区 ) , virtual office () , virtual office ( 虚拟办公室虚拟办公室 ) , virtua) , virtuall

pet (pet ( 虚拟宠物虚拟宠物 ) , virtual reality () , virtual reality ( 虚拟现实虚拟现实 ) , cyb) , cyber-interaction (er-interaction ( 网络互动网络互动 ) , cyberculture () , cyberculture ( 网络网络文化文化 ), cybernut (), cybernut ( 网虫网虫 ), cyberpet (), cyberpet ( 电子宠物电子宠物 ), ), cyberspace (cyberspace ( 网络空间网络空间 ), netwriter (), netwriter ( 发送电子邮发送电子邮件的人件的人 ), nethead (), nethead ( 网虫网虫 ), Webmaster (), Webmaster ( 网站维网站维护者护者 ), Web page (), Web page ( 网页网页 ), website (), website ( 网址网址 ), Web), Web

TV (TV ( 网络电视机网络电视机 ) , E-book () , E-book ( 电子书籍电子书籍 ), E-shopp), E-shopper (er ( 网上购物者网上购物者 ), e-card (), e-card ( 电子货币电子货币 ),),

e(-)mail (e(-)mail ( 电子邮件电子邮件 ) , e-journal () , e-journal ( 电子杂志电子杂志 ), e-b), e-business (usiness ( 电子商务电子商务 ) , e-cash () , e-cash ( 电子货币电子货币 ) , e-) , e-

commerce (commerce ( 电子商务电子商务 ) .) .

2. combining forms/prefixes + verb: e.g. cy2. combining forms/prefixes + verb: e.g. cybersurf (bersurf ( 网络漫游网络漫游 ), netsurf (), netsurf ( 网络漫游网络漫游 ), ), websurf (websurf ( 网络漫游网络漫游 ), email (), email ( 电子邮件电子邮件 ))

3. words like cyber, net, etc. + suffix: e.g. c3. words like cyber, net, etc. + suffix: e.g. cyberian (cyber + ian, yberian (cyber + ian, 网络用户网络用户 ), cyberph), cyberphobia (cyberobia (cyber

+ phobia, + phobia, 电脑恐惧症电脑恐惧症 ), cybernaut (cybe), cybernaut (cyber +naut r +naut 网络用户网络用户 ), netter (net + er), netter (net + er 网民网民 ), ), WebifyWebify

(web + fy(web + fy 使万维网化使万维网化 ), cyberize (cyber + ), cyberize (cyber + ize, ize, 使互联使互联 ).).

4. clipped word: cyberdoc (cyber + doctor, 4. clipped word: cyberdoc (cyber + doctor, 网络网络医生医生 ), Netcast (Net + broadcast,), Netcast (Net + broadcast, 网络播放网络播放 ),),

Netiquette (Net + etiquette, Netiquette (Net + etiquette, 网规网规 , )Netizen (N, )Netizen (Net + citizen,et + citizen, 网民网民 ), Netpreneur (Net +), Netpreneur (Net +

entrepreneur, entrepreneur, 网络企业家网络企业家 ), Webcam. (Web + c), Webcam. (Web + camera,amera, 网络摄像机网络摄像机 ), Webcasting (Web +), Webcasting (Web +

broadcasting,broadcasting, 网络播放网络播放 ), Webliography (Web ), Webliography (Web + bibliogrpahy, + bibliogrpahy, 网络书目网络书目 ), Webnomics (Web), Webnomics (Web

+ economics,+ economics, 网络经济网络经济 ), Webzine (Web + mag), Webzine (Web + magazine,azine, 网络杂志网络杂志 ), e-tailing (electronic +), e-tailing (electronic +

retailing, retailing, 电子零售电子零售 ), e-zine (electronic + maga), e-zine (electronic + magazine,zine, 电子杂志电子杂志 ).).

III. Cultural NotesIII. Cultural Notes

1. the 1. the InternetInternet: an international computer : an international computer network for the exchange of information. network for the exchange of information. It was originally used mainly in the It was originally used mainly in the academic and military worlds but has academic and military worlds but has since become available to the large and since become available to the large and increasing number of people with increasing number of people with personal computers. Other services, e.g. personal computers. Other services, e.g. the World Wide Web, are available the World Wide Web, are available through it.through it.

The Internet is changing our lives and a parallel uniThe Internet is changing our lives and a parallel universe is rapidly emerging online. Todayverse is rapidly emerging online. Today

there's scarcely an aspect of our life that isn't being there's scarcely an aspect of our life that isn't being upended by the torrent of information available on tupended by the torrent of information available on the hundreds of millions of sites crowding the Internhe hundreds of millions of sites crowding the Internet, not to mention its ability to keep us in constant tet, not to mention its ability to keep us in constant touch with each other via electronic mail. The Internouch with each other via electronic mail. The Internet is saving companies billions of dollars in producinet is saving companies billions of dollars in producing goods and serving the needs of their customers. Ng goods and serving the needs of their customers. Nothing like it has been seen since the beginning of tothing like it has been seen since the beginning of the Industrial Revolution, when power-driven machihe Industrial Revolution, when power-driven machines began producing more in a day than men could nes began producing more in a day than men could turn out in nearly a year. The Internet and e-commeturn out in nearly a year. The Internet and e-commerce are viewed as a global megatrend along the linerce are viewed as a global megatrend along the lines of the printing press, the telephone, the computers of the printing press, the telephone, the computerand the electricity.and the electricity.

You would be hard pressed to name somethinYou would be hard pressed to name something that isn't available on the Internet. Consider:g that isn't available on the Internet. Consider:

books, health care, movie tickets, baby clothes,books, health care, movie tickets, baby clothes, stocks, real estate, toys and airline tickets. Am stocks, real estate, toys and airline tickets. American kids today are so computer savvy that it erican kids today are so computer savvy that it virtually ensures the United States will remain virtually ensures the United States will remain the unchallenged leader in cyberspace for the the unchallenged leader in cyberspace for the foreseeable future. Most kids use computers tforeseeable future. Most kids use computers to play games and have email chats with friendo play games and have email chats with friends.s.

What's clear is that, whether we like it oWhat's clear is that, whether we like it or not, the Internet is an ever-growing parr not, the Internet is an ever-growing part of our lives and there is no turning bact of our lives and there is no turning back.k.

2. 2. NBC (the National Broadcasting NBC (the National Broadcasting Company):Company): the first of the original the first of the original three US national broad-three US national broad-

casting companies. It was established casting companies. It was established in 1926 by Radio Corporation of in 1926 by Radio Corporation of America as two groups ofAmerica as two groups of

radio stations. The first NBC radio stations. The first NBC television channel opened in 1940. television channel opened in 1940. The company is now owned byThe company is now owned by

General Electric. Its main offices are General Electric. Its main offices are at Rockefeller Center in New York.at Rockefeller Center in New York.

3. 3. PBS (the Public Broadcasting PBS (the Public Broadcasting Service):Service): (in the US) a television (in the US) a television system that broadcasts programs to system that broadcasts programs to an association of local stations which an association of local stations which use no television advertisements and use no television advertisements and do not make a profit. It was do not make a profit. It was established by the Public Broadcasting established by the Public Broadcasting Act and is supported by money from Act and is supported by money from the US Government, large companies the US Government, large companies and the public. PBS is known for the and the public. PBS is known for the high quality of its programs. high quality of its programs.

4. ABC (the American 4. ABC (the American Broadcasting Company):Broadcasting Company): one of one of the original three major television the original three major television networks in America. It began in networks in America. It began in 1943 as the Blue Network of six radio 1943 as the Blue Network of six radio stations. ABC is now owned by the stations. ABC is now owned by the Walt Disney Company.Walt Disney Company.

IV. Language StudyIV. Language Study

1. virtual:1. virtual:

1) created and existing only in a computer1) created and existing only in a computer Examples: I can visit a virtual store and put what Examples: I can visit a virtual store and put what

I want in my basket at the click of a mouse I want in my basket at the click of a mouse button.button.

Some people spend too much time escaping Some people spend too much time escaping from reality into the virtual world conjured up on from reality into the virtual world conjured up on their computer screens.their computer screens.

2) being or acting as what is described, but not 2) being or acting as what is described, but not accepted as such in name or officiallyaccepted as such in name or officially

Examples: Our deputy manager is the virtual Examples: Our deputy manager is the virtual head of the business.head of the business.

Now that the talks have broken down, war in the Now that the talks have broken down, war in the region looks like a virtual certainty.region looks like a virtual certainty.

2. interpret: 2. interpret: 1) understand (sth. said, ordered, or done)1) understand (sth. said, ordered, or done) Examples: They are worried that the students might inteExamples: They are worried that the students might inte

rpret the new regulation as a restriction of their rights.rpret the new regulation as a restriction of their rights. She interprets the dream as an unconscious desire to be She interprets the dream as an unconscious desire to be

young again.young again. 2) give or provide the meaning of, explain2) give or provide the meaning of, explain Examples: How do you interpret his refusal to see us?Examples: How do you interpret his refusal to see us? This dream can be interpreted in several different ways.This dream can be interpreted in several different ways. 3) translate what is said in one language into another3) translate what is said in one language into another Examples: I am terribly sorry, but I don't understand a wExamples: I am terribly sorry, but I don't understand a w

ord. Could you interpret for me?ord. Could you interpret for me? No one in the tour group spoke Spanish so we had to asNo one in the tour group spoke Spanish so we had to as

k the guide to interpret.k the guide to interpret.

3. tone: 3. tone:

a particular quality or intonation of the va particular quality or intonation of the voiceoice

Examples: From the tone of her voice I coExamples: From the tone of her voice I could tell she was very angry. Suduld tell she was very angry. Suddenly he laughed again, but this time witdenly he laughed again, but this time with a cold, sharp tone.h a cold, sharp tone.

4. stretch: 4. stretch:

(cause to) become longer, wider, etc. (cause to) become longer, wider, etc. without breakingwithout breaking

Examples: My working day stretches Examples: My working day stretches from seven in the morning to eight at from seven in the morning to eight at night The child stretched night The child stretched the rubber band to its full extent.the rubber band to its full extent.

5. submit: 5. submit:

give (sth.) to sb. so that it may be formallgive (sth.) to sb. so that it may be formally considered (followed by to)y considered (followed by to)

Examples: You should submit your reporExamples: You should submit your reports to the committee.ts to the committee.

I am going to submit an application for tI am going to submit an application for that job in Microsoft.hat job in Microsoft.

Peter submitted his plans for the new toPeter submitted his plans for the new town square to the local government.wn square to the local government.

6. edit: 6. edit:

revise or correctrevise or correct

Examples: Jack is busy editing Examples: Jack is busy editing Shakespeare's plays for use in Shakespeare's plays for use in schools.schools.

John didn't finish editing the annual John didn't finish editing the annual report until the end of last month.report until the end of last month.

7. email: 7. email:

electronic mailelectronic mail Examples: Young people like to keep in touch Examples: Young people like to keep in touch

with their friends via email.with their friends via email. I received an email from my student yesterday. I received an email from my student yesterday.

vt.vt. send an email to Examples: send an email to Examples: I will email you the instant I get the news.I will email you the instant I get the news.

She'll email me a question before she calls so I She'll email me a question before she calls so I can think it over in advance.can think it over in advance.

8. communicate: 8. communicate:

contact sb. in any way, esp. by speaking tcontact sb. in any way, esp. by speaking to them, writing to them or calling themo them, writing to them or calling them

(followed by with)(followed by with) Examples: Some young people depend hExamples: Some young people depend h

eavily on email to communicate with eaeavily on email to communicate with each other.ch other.

They have been divorced for years and neThey have been divorced for years and never communicated with each other.ver communicated with each other.

9. the Internet: 9. the Internet: the worldwide network of computer links which the worldwide network of computer links which

allows computer users to connect with computallows computer users to connect with computers all over the world, and which carries electroers all over the world, and which carries electronic mailnic mail

Examples: Whether we like it or not, the Internet Examples: Whether we like it or not, the Internet is an ever-growing part of our lives.is an ever-growing part of our lives.

You can take online courses and earn your degreYou can take online courses and earn your degree via the Internet whenever and wherever you we via the Internet whenever and wherever you want to.ant to.

It's believed the Internet was born in 1969 when It's believed the Internet was born in 1969 when two computers at the University oftwo computers at the University of

California, Los Angeles were connected by a 15 fCalifornia, Los Angeles were connected by a 15 foot cable.oot cable.

10. relationship: 10. relationship:

state of being connectedstate of being connected

Examples: What is the relationship Examples: What is the relationship between language and thought?between language and thought?

The scientist had a good working The scientist had a good working relationship with his American relationship with his American colleagues.colleagues.

11. at times: 11. at times:

sometimessometimes

Examples: She has been away from Examples: She has been away from her home for about a year. At times her home for about a year. At times she wishes she had never left.she wishes she had never left.

He went on listening to her, at times He went on listening to her, at times impatient and at times fascinated.impatient and at times fascinated.

12. take in: 12. take in:

absorb (sth.) into the body by breathing absorb (sth.) into the body by breathing or swallowingor swallowing

Examples: The earth takes in heat and ligExamples: The earth takes in heat and light from the sun.ht from the sun.

Fish take in oxygen through their gills.Fish take in oxygen through their gills.

13. data: 13. data:

information, usu. in the form of facts information, usu. in the form of facts or statistics that you can analyzeor statistics that you can analyze

Examples: This data is stored on the Examples: This data is stored on the network and can be accessed by network and can be accessed by anybody.anybody.

The data is still being analyzed, so I The data is still being analyzed, so I can't tell you the results.can't tell you the results.

14. spit: 14. spit:

send (liquid, food, etc.) out from the moutsend (liquid, food, etc.) out from the mouth (used in the pattern: spit sth. (out) (at/h (used in the pattern: spit sth. (out) (at/on/onto sb./sth.))on/onto sb./sth.))

Examples: The baby spat its food out on tExamples: The baby spat its food out on the table.he table.

He took one sip of the wine and spat it ouHe took one sip of the wine and spat it out.t.

15. on line: 15. on line:

connected to or controlled by a connected to or controlled by a computer (network)computer (network)

Examples: Our system is on line to Examples: Our system is on line to the main computer.the main computer.

The largest online institution is the The largest online institution is the University of Phoenix, with some University of Phoenix, with some 1000 students today and hopes of 1000 students today and hopes of reaching 200,000 students in 10 reaching 200,000 students in 10 years.years.

16. symptom: 16. symptom:

1) sign of the existence of sth. bad1) sign of the existence of sth. bad Examples: High interest rates are a symptom of Examples: High interest rates are a symptom of

a weak economy.a weak economy. They regard the increase in crime as a symptom They regard the increase in crime as a symptom

of a more general decline in moral standards.of a more general decline in moral standards. 2) change in the body that indicates an illness2) change in the body that indicates an illness Examples: A cold, fever and headache are the usExamples: A cold, fever and headache are the us

ual symptoms of flu.ual symptoms of flu. If the symptoms persist, it is important to go to If the symptoms persist, it is important to go to

your doctor.your doctor.

17. nightmare: 17. nightmare:

a terrifying dreama terrifying dream

Examples: Tom didn't eat fish Examples: Tom didn't eat fish because it gives him nightmares.because it gives him nightmares.

Watching horror films gives me Watching horror films gives me nightmares.nightmares.

I had a nightmare about falling off I had a nightmare about falling off the skyscraper.the skyscraper.

18. conversely: 18. conversely:

in a way that is opposite to sth.in a way that is opposite to sth. Example. s: $1 will buy 100 yen worth of Example. s: $1 will buy 100 yen worth of

Japanese goods. Conversely, 100 yen wilJapanese goods. Conversely, 100 yen will buy $1 worth of American goods.l buy $1 worth of American goods.

You can add the fluid to the powder or, cYou can add the fluid to the powder or, conversely, the powder to the fluid.onversely, the powder to the fluid.

19. but then: 19. but then:

yet at the same timeyet at the same time Examples: The failure of China's soccer tExamples: The failure of China's soccer t

eam looks inevitable. But then, anything eam looks inevitable. But then, anything can happen in football.can happen in football.

Mary performed better than the others in Mary performed better than the others in the final exam; but then, she spent muchthe final exam; but then, she spent much

longer on it than they did.longer on it than they did.

20. jar: 20. jar:

have a harsh or an unpleasant effect (usehave a harsh or an unpleasant effect (used in the pattern: jar sth., jar on sb./sth.)d in the pattern: jar sth., jar on sb./sth.)

Examples: You shouldn't have too many Examples: You shouldn't have too many colors in a small space as the effect can jcolors in a small space as the effect can jar.ar.

The loud bang jarred my nerves.The loud bang jarred my nerves. Her squeaky voice jarred on me.Her squeaky voice jarred on me.

21. suck in: 21. suck in:

(usu. passive) involve (sb.) in an activity, an arg(usu. passive) involve (sb.) in an activity, an argument, etc., usu. against their will (usedument, etc., usu. against their will (used

in the pattern: suck sb. in/into sth.; suck in )in the pattern: suck sb. in/into sth.; suck in ) Examples: I don't want to get sucked into the dExamples: I don't want to get sucked into the d

ebate about school reform.ebate about school reform. Some teenagers don't want to get involved witSome teenagers don't want to get involved wit

h gangs, but they find themselves getting suckh gangs, but they find themselves getting sucked in.ed in.

22. keep up with: 22. keep up with:

learn about or be aware of (the news, etlearn about or be aware of (the news, etc.)c.)

Examples: Carrie likes to keep up with thExamples: Carrie likes to keep up with the latest fashions.e latest fashions.

He didn't bother to keep up with the newHe didn't bother to keep up with the news. His only concern was to study.s. His only concern was to study.

23. Work moves into the 23. Work moves into the background: background:

Work becomes secondary to me.Work becomes secondary to me.

24. in sight: 24. in sight: 1)visible1)visible Examples: It was early in the morning and Examples: It was early in the morning and

there wasn't anyone in sight on campus.there wasn't anyone in sight on campus. As the train pulled into the station my As the train pulled into the station my

parents standing on the platform were soon parents standing on the platform were soon in sight.in sight.

2) likely to come soon2) likely to come soon Examples: Two months passed, and victory Examples: Two months passed, and victory

was not yet in sight.was not yet in sight. The end of the economic nightmare is still The end of the economic nightmare is still

nowhere in sight.nowhere in sight. A solution to the problem of environmental A solution to the problem of environmental

pollution now seems in sight.pollution now seems in sight.

25. remark: 25. remark:

thing said or written as a commentthing said or written as a comment

Examples: The principal of the school made Examples: The principal of the school made some remarks about educational reform at some remarks about educational reform at thethe

meeting.meeting.

Mr. Smith approached us and made a Mr. Smith approached us and made a couple of remarks about the weather.couple of remarks about the weather.

His rude remark about my book jarred on His rude remark about my book jarred on me.me.

26. emotional: 26. emotional:

1) of the emotions1) of the emotions Examples: She is grateful to him for his Examples: She is grateful to him for his

emotional support while she was in trouble.emotional support while she was in trouble. It's quite difficult to handle emotional It's quite difficult to handle emotional

problems.problems. 2) having emotions that are easily excited2) having emotions that are easily excited Examples: Marie got very emotional when we Examples: Marie got very emotional when we

parted, and started to cry.parted, and started to cry. It's said that the Italians are more emotional It's said that the Italians are more emotional

than we are.than we are.

27. cue: 27. cue:

anything that serves as a signal about anything that serves as a signal about what to do or say (followed by to/for)what to do or say (followed by to/for)

Examples: When he started to talk about Examples: When he started to talk about the finances, that was our cue to get up the finances, that was our cue to get up quietly andquietly and

leave.leave. When I nod my head, that's your cue to When I nod my head, that's your cue to

give flowers to him.give flowers to him. Mr. Clinton's excitement was the cue for a Mr. Clinton's excitement was the cue for a

campaign.campaign.

28. I say a line: 28. I say a line:

I type a line on the screen.I type a line on the screen.

29. routine: 29. routine:

a fixed and regular way of doing a fixed and regular way of doing things (often adjectival)things (often adjectival)

Examples: The job is really just a dull Examples: The job is really just a dull series of fairly routine tasks. I don't series of fairly routine tasks. I don't think you'll take it.think you'll take it.

He established a new routine after He established a new routine after retirement.retirement.

30. rely on/upon: 30. rely on/upon:

depend confidently on, put trust independ confidently on, put trust in

Examples: Nowadays we rely Examples: Nowadays we rely increasingly on computers to control increasingly on computers to control the flow of traffic.the flow of traffic.

Some children relied heavily on the Some children relied heavily on the advice of their parents.advice of their parents.

31. abuse: 31. abuse:

wrong or bad use or treatment of sth./sb.wrong or bad use or treatment of sth./sb. Examples: The World Health OrganizatioExamples: The World Health Organizatio

n (WHO) has published a report on drug n (WHO) has published a report on drug abuse and addiction.abuse and addiction.

The policemen are making an investigatiThe policemen are making an investigation of child abuse.on of child abuse.

32. restore: 32. restore:

bring back to a former condition (used in the pbring back to a former condition (used in the pattern: restore sth.; restore sb. to sth.)attern: restore sth.; restore sb. to sth.)

Examples: Law and order will be quickly restorExamples: Law and order will be quickly restored after the incident.ed after the incident.

Winning three games restored their confidence.Winning three games restored their confidence. Doing sports every day restored the old man to Doing sports every day restored the old man to

good health.good health. The deposed king was restored to power.The deposed king was restored to power.

33. arrange: 33. arrange:

prepare or plan (used in the pattern: arrange stprepare or plan (used in the pattern: arrange sth.; arrange to do sth.; arrange for sb./ sth. to dh.; arrange to do sth.; arrange for sb./ sth. to do sth.)o sth.)

Examples: Her marriage was arranged by her pExamples: Her marriage was arranged by her parents.arents.

Let’s arrange to have a dinner together some Let’s arrange to have a dinner together some time before we graduate.time before we graduate.

I have arranged for a taxi to pick us up at 8:00 a.I have arranged for a taxi to pick us up at 8:00 a.m.m.

I could arrange for you to come along with us if I could arrange for you to come along with us if you like.you like.

34. flee: 34. flee:

run away (from) (used in the pattern: run away (from) (used in the pattern: flee from/to; flee someplace)flee from/to; flee someplace)

Examples: The customers fled from Examples: The customers fled from the bank when the alarm sounded.the bank when the alarm sounded.

During the war, thousands upon During the war, thousands upon thousands of Afghans fled the country.thousands of Afghans fled the country.

Up to five million political refugees Up to five million political refugees have fled to other countries.have fled to other countries.

35. interview: 35. interview: 1) a meeting at which a journalist asks sb. questions in order 1) a meeting at which a journalist asks sb. questions in order

to find out their newsto find out their news Examples: In an exclusive interview with our reporter, the filExamples: In an exclusive interview with our reporter, the fil

m star revealed some of his personal affairs.m star revealed some of his personal affairs. Radio interviews are generally more relaxed than television oRadio interviews are generally more relaxed than television o

nes.nes. 2) a formal meeting at which sb. applying for a job is asked q2) a formal meeting at which sb. applying for a job is asked q

uestions, as a way of judging how suitable they areuestions, as a way of judging how suitable they are Examples: I have been asked to go for an interview for a projeExamples: I have been asked to go for an interview for a proje

ct I applied for at Harvard University.ct I applied for at Harvard University. She has had a couple of job interviews, but no offers.She has had a couple of job interviews, but no offers. V.V. Examples: As a journalist, he interviewed many government Examples: As a journalist, he interviewed many government

officials.officials. After the press conference, the journalist interviewed the UN After the press conference, the journalist interviewed the UN

Secretary General about the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. Secretary General about the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.

36. appointment:36. appointment:

an arrangement to meet or visit sb. At a an arrangement to meet or visit sb. At a particular time (followed by with)particular time (followed by with)

Example: You can’t see the president of Example: You can’t see the president of the university unless you make an appoithe university unless you make an appointment.ntment.

I’ve make an appointment to see my tuI’ve make an appointment to see my tutor tomorrow.tor tomorrow.

37.click:37.click:

Press or release a mouse button rapidly, Press or release a mouse button rapidly, as to select an icon(followed by on)as to select an icon(followed by on)

Example: When shopping online,you just Example: When shopping online,you just click the mouse and order what you wanclick the mouse and order what you want to buy.t to buy.

38. tune:38. tune:

A series of musical notes that is A series of musical notes that is pleasant and easy to remember.pleasant and easy to remember.

Example: She whistled a happy tune Example: She whistled a happy tune all the way home.all the way home.

He was humming a merry tune while He was humming a merry tune while cooking.cooking.

Keys:Keys:Vocabulary:Vocabulary:I. 1.I. 1.1) Conversely1) Conversely2) Relationship2) Relationship3) But then3) But then4) Symptom4) Symptom5) Spitting5) Spitting6) Abusing6) Abusing7) Tone7) Tone8)Took (her) in8)Took (her) in9) Editing9) Editing10) Communicate10) Communicate11) Internet11) Internet12)In sight12)In sight13)Stretched13)Stretched14) Data14) Data15) angles15) angles

2.2.

1). The sight of teenagers smnoking cigarettes jars on me.1). The sight of teenagers smnoking cigarettes jars on me.2). I turned on the TV just to relax a little bit after a heavy 2). I turned on the TV just to relax a little bit after a heavy

dinner, but soon I found myself getting sucked in by the dinner, but soon I found myself getting sucked in by the fascinating plot of a science fiction film.fascinating plot of a science fiction film.

3). Jeffrey’s computer crashed again this morning. The 3). Jeffrey’s computer crashed again this morning. The manager has arranged for a technician from the compumanager has arranged for a technician from the computer store to check and repair it.ter store to check and repair it.

4). During the Vietnam War, many young Americans fled to 4). During the Vietnam War, many young Americans fled to other countries to avoid military service.other countries to avoid military service.

5). The new government is planning an anti-corruption ca5). The new government is planning an anti-corruption campaign so as to restore people’s confidence in it.mpaign so as to restore people’s confidence in it.

3.3.

1). The traditional school will never go away, 1). The traditional school will never go away, but but the virtualthe virtual classroom is playing a more classroom is playing a more and more important role. Obviously, and more important role. Obviously, the the onlineonline student student relies onrelies on the computer. To the computer. To get started, he must have his computer get started, he must have his computer hooked up to the Internet through a phone hooked up to the Internet through a phone line and modem. To be successful, he must line and modem. To be successful, he must keep up withkeep up with the class and complete all the class and complete all work on time. Once he gets behind, it is work on time. Once he gets behind, it is almost impossible to catch up.almost impossible to catch up.

2). When the economy7 slows down, the 2). When the economy7 slows down, the worst worst nightmarenightmare for an employee is losing for an employee is losing his job. In addition to money problems, the his job. In addition to money problems, the emotional emotional stress is hard to bear. Hunting for stress is hard to bear. Hunting for a job is now a daily a job is now a daily routineroutine of many workers of many workers like Henry Smith. He fills out the like Henry Smith. He fills out the applications and writes resume and applications and writes resume and submitssubmits them to various companies, them to various companies, expecting expecting an interviewan interview. But in time of rising . But in time of rising unemployment, even job interviews are unemployment, even job interviews are hard to get. He takes great care not to miss hard to get. He takes great care not to miss anyany appointmentappointment, for it would be all but , for it would be all but impossible to impossible to arrange forarrange for another one. another one.

3). “the dot.com bubble has burst. Ventur3). “the dot.com bubble has burst. Venture capitalists have become cautious in pue capitalists have become cautious in putting more money into the IT industry antting more money into the IT industry and small investors are taking their d small investors are taking their cuecue.” .” said the chairman in his concluding speesaid the chairman in his concluding speech. It is clear from these ch. It is clear from these remarksremarks that th that the ever-optimistic economist has changee ever-optimistic economist has changed d his tune.his tune.

II. CollocationII. Collocation

1.1. We came her all the way on foot.We came her all the way on foot.

2.2. Private cars are not allowed on campus.Private cars are not allowed on campus.

3.3. They are on vacation in Florida.They are on vacation in Florida.

4.4. Mary has been talking with her friend on Mary has been talking with her friend on the plane for an hour.the plane for an hour.

5.5. Don’t worry, Lucy is always on time.Don’t worry, Lucy is always on time.

6.6. Industrial demand on fuel is on the rise.Industrial demand on fuel is on the rise.

III. UsageIII. Usage

1.1. HardHard

2.2. DifficultDifficult

3.3. ImpossibleImpossible

4.4. ToughTough

5.5. HardHard

6.6. easyeasy

StructureStructure

1.1. 1) Anyone who has talked with him will 1) Anyone who has talked with him will see Mark is a person of remarkable see Mark is a person of remarkable intelligence.intelligence.

2). The book is no value to one who is not 2). The book is no value to one who is not familiar with the subject.familiar with the subject.

3). She is a woman of wealth. She never has 3). She is a woman of wealth. She never has to worry about money.to worry about money.

4). In today’s job market, basic skills in 4). In today’s job market, basic skills in computer science and foreign language computer science and foreign language are of great importance.are of great importance.

2.2.

1.1. You will find yourself penniless in a You will find yourself penniless in a month.month.

2.2. He found himself lying in a hospital He found himself lying in a hospital wardward

3.3. She found herself faced with the She found herself faced with the toughest job she had ever taken.toughest job she had ever taken.

4.4. Susan found herself in a trap from Susan found herself in a trap from which she could not escape.which she could not escape.

ComprehensiveComprehensive

exercisesexercises

I. Cloze I. Cloze A.A.1.1. InternetInternet2.2. ClickClick3.3. NightmareNightmare4.4. SuckedSucked5.5. EmailEmail6.6. RelyRely7.7. CommunicatingCommunicating8.8. EmotionalEmotional9.9. At timesAt times10.10.FleeFlee11.11.OnlineOnline

BB

1.1. BetweenBetween

2.2. The The

3.3. ToTo

4.4. AwayAway

5.5. OnOn

6.6. WorkWork

7.7. EnablesEnables

8.8. LocalLocal

9.9. ReachReach

10. Benefits10. Benefits11. Because11. Because12. Provides/brings12. Provides/brings13. Does13. Does14. In14. In15. Making15. Making16. With16. With17. Nor17. Nor18.virtual18.virtual

II. TranslationII. Translation

Perhaps you envy me for being able to work Perhaps you envy me for being able to work from home on the computer. I agree that from home on the computer. I agree that the Internet has made my job a lot easier. I the Internet has made my job a lot easier. I can write, submit and edit articles via email, can write, submit and edit articles via email, chat with my colleagues on line and discuss chat with my colleagues on line and discuss work with my boss. With a click of the work with my boss. With a click of the mouse, I can get all the data I need and mouse, I can get all the data I need and keep up with the latest news. But then, keep up with the latest news. But then, communicating through the Net can be communicating through the Net can be frustrating at times. The system may crash. frustrating at times. The system may crash. Worse still, without the emotional cues of Worse still, without the emotional cues of face-to-face communication, the typed face-to-face communication, the typed words sometimes seem difficult to interpret.words sometimes seem difficult to interpret.

Part III Part III Text BText B

Comprehension checkComprehension check

1.1. CC

2.2. AA

3.3. AA

4.4. BB

5.5. DD

6.6. CC

Language practiceLanguage practice

1.1. VehicleVehicle2.2. Hooked onHooked on3.3. IntenseIntense4.4. CommunicationCommunication5.5. WorldwideWorldwide6.6. overnightovernight7.7. IndividualIndividual8.8. slipedsliped9.9. VersionVersion10.10. On the wholeOn the whole

11. Called forth11. Called forth12. Outwards12. Outwards13. Acquaintances13. Acquaintances14. Needless to say14. Needless to say15. To my knowledge15. To my knowledge16. On top of that16. On top of that17. Innocent17. Innocent18. Tendencies18. Tendencies19. Plot19. Plot20. scattered20. scattered