UNIT 5/6 SECTIONALISM AND EXPANSION (1841-1861)
Feb 22, 2016
UNIT 5/6 SECTIONALISM AND
EXPANSION(1841-1861)
Tyler Administration
Views and conflicts Maine Boundary Dispute
Webster-Ashburton Treaty (1842)
Texas Annexation DebateSettlement of Texas (1803-1834)
Issues with Mexico and insurrection 1834General Antonia Lopez de Santa Anna
Sam Houston – Revolution and Independent Texas
(Oct 1835-April 1836)Battle of San Antonio – Alamo
Goliad campaign Battle of San Jacinto
Sam Houston and U.S. Congress Annexation DebateTexas enters the Union ( Dec. 29, 1845)
Oregon Controversy Oregon settlement (1830s -40s)
“FEVER” Negotiations with Britain
Sec. of State Calhoun proposal Issues/problems
Election of 1844
Polk’s Presidency James K. Polk background and views Domestic Achievements
Walker Tariff 1846 Independent Treasury Internal improvement Bill disputes Manifest Destiny
Oregon Treaty 54 40 or Fight!
Westward Trails
Further Westward Expansion
Settlement of New Mexico Mormon Church
Brigham Young and State of Deseret
Settlement of CaliforniaMexican War (1846-1848)
Reasons for and events leading to Conduct of the war New Mexico and California Mexico and Peace Settlement; Treaty of Guadeloupe
Hidalgo Legacy Election 1848 – Taylor vs. Cass
It is now established that the President of the United States has but to declare that War exists, . . . And the War is essentially declared.” JQ Adams
Election of 1848
Debate over the Territories Sectional Controversy
Wilmot Proviso Fugitive Slave Acts
Personal Liberty Laws Prigg vs. Pa. (1842) Northern Anger increases California Gold Rush (1848-1849) Debate over California
Clay’s Omnibus Bill Compromise 1850 – Clay, Calhoun, Webster President Taylor’s reaction and shocking event President Fillmore
Nation Dividing Slavery vs. Free Labor
Southern Fears and major concerns Northern views
Slave Power Conspiracy Fugitive Slave Law Harriet Beecher Stowe and Uncle Tom’s Cabin
Election 1852 Democrats party shifts
Franklin PierceWhigs – divisions – Gen. Winfield Scott – fall of WhigsNorthern anger over the election
Election 1852
Pierce’s Presidency Efforts to acquire Cuba
Ostend Manifesto (1854) Central America
Nicaraguan Canal issues Clayton-Bulwer Treaty Panama Railway Co.
Vanderbilt and William Walker Gadsden Purchase (1853)
Domestic Conflict Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854) and Sen. Stephen
Douglas
Pierce’s Presidency Settlement of Kansas
Free-soilers vs. pro-slavers – battleground Territorial Election and Scandal Andrew Reeder vs. President Pierce TWO governments
Bleeding Kansas Henry Ward Beecher and John Brown
Pottawtomie Creek
Brooks-Sumner Affair (May 19/20 1854)
Political Realignments Know-Nothing Party Rise of NEW Republican Party (1854)
Election of 1856 Divisions in Democrats;
Republicans emerge; Know-Nothings Buchanan’s Presidency (1857-1861)
Dred Scott Decision – Scott vs. Sanford Crisis Over Kansas
Lecompton Constitution Buchanan’s reaction Compromise or Blackmail – Kansas reacts
1857-1859-- years of turmoil
The Panic of 1857 Congressional Elections 1858
Lincoln-Douglas Debates Views of Douglas – Freeport Doctrine and issues Lincoln’s vies
Raid on Harper’s Ferry (October 16, 1859) John Brown’s Help and assistance Raid and aftermath
“John Brown’s Body” -- martyr
Election of 1860 Democrats Split Republicans Rejoice The campaign South Secedes PANIC – attempts to Compromise
Crittenden Compromise Lincoln’s “kills” it Showdown at fort Sumter, SC March 4, 1861 – Lincoln’s address Lincoln vs. South Carolina (April 1861)
A Nation Divided Lincoln Takes Command
March 4, 1861 – Inaugural Address Showdown at Fort Sumter (March-April 1861)
Major Anderson message Lincoln’s message to Confederates April 12, 1861
Fort Sumter; Charleston Harbor Map
Confederate Government CSA – Confederate States of America
Confederate GovernmentConfederationStrengths and weaknesses of the government
Jefferson Davis and other leaders
A Nation Divided Lincoln’s Leadership – Union Government
Personality and political know-how “Rightness of Cause” Absence of Congress and govern by Executive Order
Broad war powers and Republican Congress Supreme Court support – Prize Cases Emergency powers – suspend habeas corpus Bill of Rights ignored Ex parte Milligan court case Growing strength of Republicans and factions
Peace Democrats/Copperheads Unionists/Federalists
Undecided Border States Delaware, Kentucky, Maryland, and
Missouri Lincoln’s approach and dealings with each
Delaware Kentucky Maryland Missouri
Virginia Protestors – West Virginia