Unit 2 Polymers
A monomer used to make Kevlar is shown opposite. What is the percentage of carbon by mass, in this monomer?
a. 50.1 %
b. 57.8%
c. 44.4 %
d. 80.0%
CH CH
C C
CH CH
C
O
OH
C
O
OH
a hint!!!!1st hintWhat is the molecular formula?.
2st hintWhat is GFM of this compound?
3rd hintWhat is the mass of carbon?
CH CH
C C
CH CH
C
O
OH
C
O
OH
A monomer used to make Kevlar is shown opposite. What is the percentage of carbon by mass, in this monomer?
Correct because………….
It’s molecular formula is C8H6O4.Therefore (8x12)+(6x1)+(4x16) = formula mass
mass of Carbon
% mass of Carbon =Formula mass
= (60/166) x 100 = 57.8%
The diagram shows part a polyester polymer. Name the two monomers used to make this polymer.
a. 1,6-hexandiol and 1,6-hexandioic acid
b. 1,6-hexandiol and hexanyl hexanoate
c. 1,6-hexandioic acid and hexanyl hexanoate
d. Hexanol and hexanoic acid
The diagram shows part of a polyester. Name the two monomers used to make this polymer.
1,6-hexandiol
Correct because…………..
A polyester is made from a diol and a diacid. 1,6-hexandiol and 1,6-hexandioic acid
1,6-hexandioic acid
The diagram show 2 amino acids joined together. When this molecule is hydrolysed which bond breaks?
a.
b.
c.
d.
C
NH2CH
CH
O
CH N
CH3H
CH3
O
C - C
C = C
C - N
C - H
a hint!!!!1st hintLook at the peptide link
2nd hint The peptide link looks like H
Peptide link
O
C H
The diagram show 2 amino acids joined together. When this molecule is hydrolysed which bond breaks?
Correct because………….The peptide (amide) bond breaks. This means that the C—N bond breaks during hydrolysis.
C
NH2CH
CH
O
CH N
CH3H
CH3
O
H N
H
C C O H
R O
H
Amino acid
C - N
The monomer thatgives rise to thispolymer is?
a. 1,2, dimethylpropene
b. 3,methylhepta-3,4-diene
c. hexa-3-ene
d. 2,3-dimethylbut-2-ene
The monomer that gives rise to this polymer is?
Correct because…….Hexa-3-ene the repeating unit in this polymer chain is
The longest chain of this monomer has 6 carbons.It also requires a double bond.
C C C C C C
H
H
H
H
H
H H H
H
H
H
H
Which polymer can dissolve in water?
a. polystyrene
b. poly(ethenol)
c. polyamide, nylon 6,6
d. polytetrafluoroethene
Which polymer can dissolve in water?
Correct because……..Poly(ethenol) is a polymer made from the reaction betweena polymer called poly(ethenyl ethanoate) and methanol.
Polyethenyl ethanoate Polyethenol (polyvinyl alcohol)
methanolEster exchange
CH3
C
O
CHCH2
CH3
C O
CHCH2
O
OO
CHCH2
CHCH2
O
H H
+
The graph shows an enzymesactivity with increasing temperature. Which statement bestdescribes what is happening?
a. The enzyme’s activity increases with temperature
b. The enzyme’s activity is slowed down after a certain temperature. This effect is reversible.
c. The enzyme’s activity is works best at an optimum temperature.
d. The enzyme’s activity is increased after a certain temperature. This effect is irreversible.
Activity
Temperature
The graph shows an enzymes activity with increasing temperature. Which statement best describes what is happening? Correct because ……..The enzyme’s activity is works best at an optimum temperature. Enzymes are biological catalysts. Their activity increases with temperature until an optimumtemperature is reached. If it gets too hot the Enzyme denatures, its shape changes permanently.
Activity
Temperature
Bakelite is a thermosettingplastic. Its propertiesare due to?
a. The aromatic natureof its structure.
b. Cross-linking covalent bonding
c. Hydrogen bondingbetween the polymer chains
d.The number of carbon/carbon double bonds
CH
CH
C
CH
C
CH
C
CH
C
CH
C
CH
C
CH
C
CH
CH
CH
C
H
H
C
H
H
C
CH
CH
CH
C
C
CH
C
CH
CH
C
C
CH
C
CH
CH
C
CH
CH
C
H
H
C
H
H
C CH H H H H H
a hint!!!!Bakelite is a rigid, hard and fairly brittle plastic. What must be true about the polymer chains.
Bakelite is a thermosetting plastic. Its properties are due to?
Correct because ….Bakelite is a thermosetting plastic. It is made by heating phenol and methanal, to form a network which is cross-linked by strong covalent bonding
CH
CH
C
CH
C
CH
C
CH
C
CH
C
CH
C
CH
C
CH
CH
CH
C
H
H
C
H
H
C
CH
CH
CH
C
C
CH
C
CH
CH
C
C
CH
C
CH
CH
C
CH
CH
C
H
H
C
H
H
C CH H H H H HCross linking
Ethene is used as the building block of many polymers.What is the name given to the process by which etheneis made into polythene?
a. Condensation polymerisation
b. Hydrogenation
c. Oxidation
d. Addition polymerisation