Unit 1: The World Human Geography. Culture What is Culture? Total knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors shared by and passed on by members of a specific.

Unit 1: The World

Human Geography

Culture

What is Culture?

• Total knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors shared by and passed on by members of a specific group. – Food– Religion– Education– Government– Entertainment– Language

Culture

• Race vs. Ethnicity– Race: physical characteristics (skin color)– Ethnicity: heritage (where you came from)

Language

• Dialect-versions of a language– You guys vs. y’all– Shopping cart vs. buggy– Pop vs. soda

• Lingua Franca- the main language used for government and business purposes

Religion

• Monotheistic-belief in one god• Polytheistic- belief in many gods• Major Religions:– Hinduism– Buddhism – Judaism– Christianity– Islam

Population Geography

Birth and Death Rates

• Birthrate- number of live births per thousand population

• Fertility rate-average number of children a woman would have in her lifetime

• Mortality/death rate-number of deaths per thousand people

• Infant mortality rate-number of deaths among infants under age one per thousand babies born.

• Rate of natural increase = population growth rate

Population Pyramids

Population Pyramids

Population Pyramids

Political Geography

Territories of the World

• State-independent unit that occupies territory (land)

• Nation-group of people with a common culture living in a territory

• Nation-State-nation and a state occupy the same land

Types of Government

• Democracy-citizens hold political power

• Monarchy-ruling family (king/queen) holds power and may/may not share this power with citizens

Types of Government

• Dictatorship-individual or group holds complete political power

• Communism-government and economic system, nearly all political power and means of production are held by the government in the name of all the people.

Urban Geography

Urban Areas• Cities-centers of business and culture• Suburbs-built-up area around cities • Urbanization-rise in the number of cities

Land Use Patterns • Residential• Industrial • Commercial