UNH Coastal Observing Center NASA GEO-CAPE workshop August 19, 2008 Ocean Biological Properties Ru Morrison.

UNH Coastal Observing CenterUNH Coastal Observing CenterNASA GEO-CAPE workshopAugust 19, 2008

Ocean Biological Ocean Biological PropertiesProperties

Ru MorrisonRu Morrison


Why?Why?

• Spectral ResolutionSpectral Resolution– Hyperspectral - Improved constituent Hyperspectral - Improved constituent

algorithmsalgorithms

• Temporal and Spatial ResolutionTemporal and Spatial Resolution– Cloud avoidanceCloud avoidance– Coastal Oceanographic forcingsCoastal Oceanographic forcings– Biological phenomena / diel variabilityBiological phenomena / diel variability

"What biological science questions can we address with geostationary hyperspectral imager?"


Time and SpaceTime and Space

GEO-CAPE

From Dickey, 1991 Reviews of Geophysics


Top of the Atmosphere Reflectance

Remote Sensing Reflectance

Inherent Optical Properties

Phytoplankton Non-algal ParticlesCDOM

Atmosphere

Source,photobleaching

Species (photoadaptation)photoacclimation

Composition (size)

AtmosphericCorrection

IOP models

ReflectanceModel


Reflectance AlgorithmsReflectance Algorithms

O‘Reilly, J. E. and others 2000. Ocean color chlorophyll a algorithms for SeaWiFS, OC2, and OC4: Version 4, p. 9-27. SeaWiFS postlaunch calibration and validation analyses, Part 3. SeaWIFS post launch technical report

series. NASA.


[Chl] with standard algorithma(442) after removal of bottom effects with a “hyper”-spectral sensor

[m-1][mg m-3]

HyperspectralHyperspectral‘True’ water column optical properties‘True’ water column optical properties


MERIS FR data, Dec. 14, 2004Bathymetry of Bahamas derived from MERIS Rrs(λ) with HOPE

Data from ZhongPing Lee, MS State


Hyperspectral – Phytoplankon Hyperspectral – Phytoplankon functional groupsfunctional groups

Data from Steve Lohrenz, USM

Karenia brevisGulf of Mexico

Lee et al. (2002) Applied Optics, 41(27), 5755-5772Millie et al. (1997) Limnol. Oceanogr., 42, 1240-1251

Remote Sensing Reflectance

HAB Abundance


Coastal Oceanographic ForcingsCoastal Oceanographic Forcings


AVPPO DeploymentsAVPPO Deployments

Dec2000

Oct2001

USCG MP

72.0 W 71.5

W

Sea Surface Temperature

2 4 6 8 10

FRONT site

F01

F02

F03

F05

F06F07

F10

F12

F13

F14F15

F16F17

F18F19

F22

F23

F24

F25

F26

F27

F28

F29

F30

F31

F32

F33

71.0 W 70.5

W 70.0

W

41.5 N

42.0 N

42.5 N

Sea Surface Temperature

2 4 6 8 10

Massachusetts Bay

Martha’s Vineyard Coastal Observatory


Tidal FrontsTidal Fronts


Ullman, D. S., and P. C. Cornillon. 1999. Satellite-derived sea surface temperature fronts on the continental shelf off the northeast U.S. coast. Journal of Geophysical Research 104: 23459-23478.


Episodic EventsEpisodic Events


Internal wavesInternal waves


Jack

son

, JO

UR

NA

L O

F G

EO

PH

YS

ICA

L R

ES

EA

RC

H,

VO

L. 1

12,

C11

012

, do

i:10.

102

9/20

07JC

0042

20,

2007


Internal WavesInternal Waves

Jackson, JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH, VOL. 112, C11012, doi:10.1029/2007JC004220, 2007


Diel variabilityDiel variability


Diel cycleDiel cycle

• Mean properties Mean properties for top 20 mfor top 20 m

• Diel variationDiel variation• EitherEither

– Division towards Division towards the end of daythe end of day

– Changes in Changes in accessory pigment accessory pigment concentrationsconcentrations

– Or combination of Or combination of bothboth

318 319 320 321 322 323 324 325 326 327 328

0.08

0.1

0.12

0.14

0.16

(A)

a ph(4

40)

(m-1

)

318 319 320 321 322 323 324 325 326 327 3281.5

1.55

1.6

1.65

1.7(B)

a ph(4

40)/

ap

h(6

75)

(m-1

)

318 319 320 321 322 323 324 325 326 327 3281.1

1.15

1.2

1.25

1.3(C)

b nw

(440

)/b

nw

(675

) (m

-1)

318 319 320 321 322 323 324 325 326 327 32825

30

35

40

45(D)

a dm

(440

)/a

dm

(675

) (m

-1)

Yearday

Phytoplankton Biomass

Phytoplankton peak ratio

Scattering ratio

Non-algal absorption ratio


Diel cycleDiel cycle

310 311 312 313 314 315 316 317 318 319 320 321

1.35

1.4

1.45

1.5

1.55

Yearday

a ph(4

40

)/a

ph(6

75

)

318 319 320 321 322 323 324 325 326 327 3281.44

1.45

1.46

1.47

1.48

1.49

1.5

1.51

1.52

1.53

ap

h(44

0)/

a ph(6

75

)


Phytoplankton fluorescencePhytoplankton fluorescence


Phytoplankton PhysiologyPhytoplankton Physiology

MODIS Aqua observations

2006



Phytoplankton PhysiologyPhytoplankton Physiology

MODIS Aqua observations

2006


Why?Why?

• Spectral ResolutionSpectral Resolution– Hyperspectral - Improved constituent Hyperspectral - Improved constituent

algorithmsalgorithms

• Temporal and Spatial ResolutionTemporal and Spatial Resolution– Cloud avoidanceCloud avoidance– Coastal Oceanographic forcingsCoastal Oceanographic forcings– Biological phenomena / diel variabilityBiological phenomena / diel variability

"What biological science questions can we address with geostationary hyperspectral imager?"

UNH Coastal Observing Center NASA GEO-CAPE workshop August 19, 2008 Ocean Biological Properties Ru Morrison.

Documents

space geo cape

internal waves slide

ms state slide

reflectance algorithms

hope data

internal waves jackson

meris fr data

biological science questions