- 1. U N I T E D N AT I O N S C O N F E R E N C E O N T R A D E A
N D D E V E L O P M E N TCONFERENCE DES NATIONS UNIES SUR LE
COMMERCE ET LE DVELOPPEMENT UNCTAD UNCTAD HANDBOOKOF STATISTICS STA
MANUELDE STATISTIQUES STADE LA CNUCEDUNITED NATIONSNATIONS UNIES
New York and GenevaNew York et Genve
2. NOTESymbols of United Nations documents are composed of
capital letters combined with figures. Mention of such a symbol
indicates areference to a United Nations document. General
disclaimerThe designations employed and the presentation of the
material in this publication do not imply the expression of any
opinion whatsoeveron the part of the secretariat of the United
Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city
or area, or of its authorities, orconcerning the delimitation of
its frontiers or boundaries.Where the designations economy or
country or area appear in tables, they cover countries,
territories, cities and areas.The designations developing,
transition and developed are intended for statistical convenience
and do not necessarily express ajudgement about the stage reached
by a particular country or area in the development process.Material
in this publication may be freely quoted or reprinted, but
acknowledgement is obligatory, together with a reference to
thedocument number (TD/STAT.36). A copy of the publication
containing the quotation or reprint should be sent to the UNCTAD
secretariat. ** *La cote des documents de lOrganisation des Nations
Unies se compose de lettres majuscules et de chiffres. La mention
dune telle coteindique quil est fait rfrence un document de
lOrganisation. Dni de responsabilitLes appellations employes dans
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Unies, aucune prise de position quant au statut juridique des pays,
territoires, villes ou zones, ou de leursautorits, ni quant au trac
de leurs frontires ou limites.Les appellations conomie ou pays ou
zone figurant dans certaines rubriques des tableaux dsignent des
pays, des territoires, desvilles ou des zones.Les termes en
dveloppement, en transition et dvelopps sont utiliss pour plus de
commodit dans la prsentation desstatistiques et nimpliquent pas
ncessairement un jugement quant au stade de dveloppement atteint
par un pays ou une zone donne.Le contenu de la prsente publication
peut tre cit ou reproduit sans autorisation, sous rserve quil soit
fait mention de ladite publicationet de sa cote (TD/STAT.36) et
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version of thePour commander la version imprime du UNCTAD Handbook
of Statistics, please contact: Manuel de Statistiques de la CNUCED,
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https://unp.un.org TD/STAT. 36 UNITED NATIONS PUBLICATION
PUBLICATION DES NATIONS UNIESSales number / Numro de vente :
B.11.II.D.1ISBN 978-92-1-112829-1 e-ISBN 978-92-1-054993-6ISSN
0251-9461 Copyright United Nations, 2011All rights reservedii 3.
FOREWORDINTRODUCTIONThe UNCTAD Handbook of Statistics provides
essential dataLe but du Manuel de statistiques de la CNUCED est de
fournirfor analysing and measuring world trade, investment, les
donnes statistiques essentielles lanalyse du commerceinternational
financial flows and development. Reliablemondial, de
linvestissement, des flux financiers internationaux etstatistical
information is often considered as the first stepdu dveloppement.
Une information statistique fiable est souventduring the
preparation of making recommendations or taking le pralable la
formulation de recommandations et la prise dedecisions that
countries will commit for many years as theydcisions qui engageront
les pays pour de longues annes dansstrive to integrate into the
world economy and improve the leur processus dintgration dans
lconomie mondiale etliving standards of their citizens. Whether it
is for research,lamlioration des conditions de leurs peuples. Que
ce soit pourconsultation or technical cooperation, UNCTAD requires
la recherche, la concertation ou la coopration technique,
lacomparable, often detailed economic, demographic and socialCNUCED
a besoin de donnes conomiques, dmographiquesdata, over several
decades and for as many countries aset sociales comparables et
souvent dtailles, disponibles sipossible.possible sur plusieurs
dcennies et pour un maximum de pays.In addition to facilitating the
work of the secretariatsAu-del de la mobilisation et de la
vrification des donnes,economists, the UNCTAD Handbook of
Statistics also du calcul dindicateurs drivs qui alimentent les
travaux desenables other users, such as policymakers,
researchconomistes du secrtariat, le Manuel de statistiques de
laspecialists, academics, officials from national governments or
CNUCED est loccasion de partager une base statistique
richeinternational organizations, executive managers or members
ofavec les dcideurs et les chercheurs, quils soient
universitaires,nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) from
developing,fonctionnaires dadministrations nationales ou
dorganisationstransition or developed countries to have access to
this richinternationales, cadres dentreprises ou membres
dorganisationsstatistical information. The Handbook further offers
journalists non gouvernementales de pays en dveloppement, en
transitioncomprehensive information in a presentation that meets
their ou dvelopps. Les journalistes trouvent aussi dans ce
manuelneeds. une information synthtique dans une prsentation bien
adapte leurs proccupations. This publication is available in
printed copy and DVD.Moreover, the underlying data of the Handbook
are available Le Manuel est disponible en version imprime et DVD.
Lesonline at UNCTADstat (http://unctadstat.unctad.org). Unlike
thedonnes prsentes dans le Manuel sont disponibles en
ligne,Handbook which captures statistics at one point of time, dans
UNCTADstat (http://unctadstat.unctad.org). la diffrenceUNCTADstat
is continuously updated, enriched and providing du Manuel qui
prsente des statistiques figes un momentusers with the latest
available data. In this regard, users should donn, UNCTADstat est
actualis et enrichi rgulirement pouruse caution when comparing data
between the Handbook and mettre la disposition des utilisateurs les
donnes les plusUNCTADstat, as the date of update may
differ.rcentes. cet gard, il est important de signaler que les
donnes dUNCTADstat et du Manuel ne pourront tre User should be
aware that, in this edition, the scope and compares systmatiquement
en raison de la diffrence de datedefinition of some country groups
have changed compared to de leur mise jour et de
publication.previous edition of Handbook. In addition, the
presentation oftables 7.3 and 7.4 Remittances and table 7.1 Current
account La couverture et la dfinition des groupements prsentsnet
was improved by the addition of all countries and countrydans cette
nouvelle dition du Manuel ont chang. Cette anne,groups.
Furthermore, the following tables prior to this edition -la table
des matires a galement t revue. En effet, lestable 5.3 Tourism
indicators, table 7.2 Balance of payments: indicateurs du tourisme,
le sommaire des comptes de capital etcapital and financial account
summaries and table 8.5doprations financires de la balance des
paiements ainsi queDemographic indicators - are discontinued and no
longerles indicateurs dmographiques (tableaux 5.3, 7.2 et 8.5
desavailable. prcdentes ditions) ont t retirs tandis que les
tableaux de la balance du compte courant (7.1) et des envois de
fonds des To provide better and more relevant statistics to users,
youtravailleurs (7.3 et 7.4 ) ont t amliors grce la prsentationare
invited to fill up the feedback questionnaire on the lastdes donnes
pour tous les pays et groupements de pays.page or you can send your
comments directly [email protected] mieux nous adapter
aux besoins de nos utilisateurs et mettre leur disposition des
statistiques pertinentes, nous vousParticular acknowledgement is
due to the Statistics Division invitons remplir le questionnaire
qui se trouve en fin deof the Department of Economic and Social
Affairs of the United publication. Vous pouvez galement nous faire
part de vosNations, as well as to other international
organizations, for itscommentaires en nous crivant
[email protected] in preparing this publication.Le
secrtariat de la CNUCED tient remercier la Division de statistique
du Dpartement des affaires conomiques et sociales de lONU et
diverses organisations internationales du concours quelles ont
apport la prparation de cette publication. iii 4. TABLE OF CONTENTS
TABLE DES MATIRESNote
..................................................................................................
iiNote
.....................................................................................................
iiHow to order the Handbook
.............................................................
iiComment commander le manuel
........................................................ iiForeword
..........................................................................................iiiIntroduction.........................................................................................
iiiTable of contents
.............................................................................
ivTable des matires
.............................................................................
ivExplanation of symbols
...................................................................vii
Signification des symboles
................................................................
viiGeneral notes
.................................................................................viii
Notes gnrales
..............................................................................
xxiiDistribution of countries and
territories............................................
xiRpartition des pays et
territoires....................................................
xxvDistribution by geographical region Rpartition par rgions
gographiques- Developing economies
.................................................................xii
- conomies en dveloppement
.................................................... xxvi-
Transition economies
..................................................................xiv-
conomies en transition
.............................................................xxviii-
Developed
economies.................................................................xiv
- conomies dveloppes
............................................................xxviiiDistribution
of developing economies by economicRpartition des conomies en
dveloppement par groupementsgrouping
.........................................................................................
xv conomiques
..................................................................................
xxixDistribution of economies by trade
group..................................... xviii Rpartition des
conomies par groupements commerciaux ..........xxxiiDistribution of
economies by interregional grouping ...................... xx
Rpartition des conomies par groupements interrgionaux
........xxxivAbbreviations and acronyms
..........................................................xxiAbrviations
et acronymes
............................................................
xxxvProduct classification for international
trade............................... xxxvi Classification des
produits pour le commerce international ..........xxxvi PART
ONEPREMIRE PARTIEInternational merchandise trade Commerce
international des marchandises1.1.1 Exports and imports of
countries and geographical 1.1.1 Exportations et importations des
pays et des rgionsregions gographiques- Value
...................................................................................
2 - Valeur
.................................................................................
2- Share
.................................................................................
10-
Part...................................................................................
101.1.2 Exports and imports of economic groupings 1.1.2
Exportations et importations des groupements conomiques- Value
.................................................................................
20- Valeur
...............................................................................
20- Share
.................................................................................
22-
Part...................................................................................
221.1.3 Exports and imports of trade groups 1.1.3 Exportations et
importations des groupements commerciaux- Value
.................................................................................
24- Valeur
...............................................................................
24- Share
.................................................................................
26-
Part...................................................................................
261.2.1 Annual average growth rates of exports and imports1.2.1
Taux dvolution annuels moyens des exportations etof countries and
geographical regions................................. 28
importations des pays et des rgions gographiques ........ 281.2.2
Annual average growth rates of exports and imports1.2.2 Taux
dvolution annuels moyens des exportations etof economic
groupings.........................................................
38 importations des groupements conomiques.....................
381.2.3 Annual average growth rates of exports and imports1.2.3
Taux dvolution annuels moyens des exportations etof trade
groups.....................................................................
40 importations des groupements
commerciaux.....................401.3.1 Value of trade balance, and
as percentage of imports1.3.1 Valeur de la balance commerciale et
sa part dans lesof countries and geographical
regions................................. 42 importations des pays
et des rgions gographiques ........ 421.3.2 Value of trade balance,
and as percentage of imports1.3.2 Valeur de la balance commerciale
et sa part dans lesof economic
groupings.........................................................
52 importations des groupements conomiques.....................
521.4 Intra-trade of trade groups
................................................... 541.4 Commerce
interne des groupements commerciaux........... 54 iv 5. TABLE OF
CONTENTSTABLE DES MATIRESPART TWODEUXIME PARTIE International
merchandise trade by region Commerce international des marchandises
par rgions2.1Country trade structure by partner 2.1 Structure du
commerce des pays par partenaires - Exports by main region of
destination ............................... 58 - Exportations par
principales rgions de destination......... 58 - Imports by main
region of origin ........................................ 70 -
Importations par principales rgions dorigine..................
702.2Export and import structure by partner and product
2.2Structure des exportations et importations par partenaires group
et groupes de produits A.
World..............................................................................
82 A.
Monde...........................................................................
82 B. Developing economies
.................................................. 86 B. conomies
en dveloppement ..................................... 86 C.
Developing economies: Africa
....................................... 90C. conomies en
dveloppement : Afrique....................... 90 D. Developing
economies: America ................................... 94 D.
conomies en dveloppement : Amrique................... 94 E.
Developing economies: Asia
......................................... 98E. conomies en
dveloppement : Asie ........................... 98 F Developing
economies: Eastern, Southern F. conomies en dveloppement : Asie
orientaleand South-Eastern
Asia............................................... 102mridionale
et du Sud-Est .......................................... 102 G.
Developing economies: Western Asia ......................... 106 G.
conomies en dveloppement : Asie occidentale ...... 106 H.
Developing economies: Oceania .................................
110H. conomies en dveloppement : Ocanie................... 110 I.
Developing economies: Major petroleum and gasI. conomies en
dveloppement : principauxexporters
......................................................................
114 exportateurs de ptrole et de gaz...............................
114 J. Developing economies: Major manufactured J. conomies en
dveloppement : principauxgoods exporters
...........................................................
118exportateurs darticles manufacturs.......................... 118
K. Transition
economies................................................... 122K.
conomies en
transition.............................................. 122 L.
Developed economies
................................................. 126L. conomies
dveloppes............................................. 126PART
THREETROISIME PARTIE International merchandise trade by
productCommerce international des marchandises par
produits3.1Country trade structure by product group 3.1Structure du
commerce des pays par groupes de produits - Exports
............................................................................
132- Exportations
...................................................................
132 -
Imports.............................................................................
145-
Importations....................................................................
1453.2Export structure by product3.2Structure des exportations par
produits A.
World............................................................................
158A.
Monde.........................................................................
158 B. Developing economies
................................................ 163B. conomies en
dveloppement ................................... 163 C. Developed
economies ................................................. 168C.
conomies dveloppes ............................................ 168
D. Individual countries and territories
............................... 173 D. Pays et territoires
individuels...................................... 173 E. Major
exporters for leading products among E. Principaux exportateurs de
produits majeurs parmideveloping economies
................................................. 195 les conomies
en dveloppement .............................. 1953.3Concentration
and structural change indices of 3.3Indices de concentration et de
changement structurel product markets des marchs de produits -
Exports
............................................................................
204- Exportations
...................................................................
204 -
Imports.............................................................................
208-
Importations....................................................................
208 PART FOURQUATRIME PARTIE International merchandise trade
indicators Indicateurs du commerce international des
marchandises4.1.1 Export and import concentration and 4.1.1 Indices
de concentration et de diversification desdiversification indices
of countries and exportations et importations des pays et
desgeographical regions
......................................................... 214
rgions gographiques
..................................................... 2144.1.2
Export and import concentration and 4.1.2 Indices de concentration
et de diversification desdiversification indices of economic
exportations et importations des groupementsgroupings
...........................................................................
224 conomiques
....................................................................
2244.2.1 International merchandise trade indices of4.2.1 Indices du
commerce international des marchandisescountries and geographical
regionsdes pays et des rgions gographiques- Volume indices of
exports and imports ........................... 226 - Indices du
volume des exportations et importations ...... 226- Unit value
indices of exports and - Indices de la valeur unitaire des
exportations etimports
.............................................................................
234 importations
....................................................................
234- Terms of trade indices and purchasing - Indices des termes de
lchange et du pouvoirpower indices of exports
.................................................. 242 dachat des
exportations ................................................
2424.2.2 International merchandise trade indices of4.2.2 Indices du
commerce international des marchandiseseconomic groupingsdes
groupements conomiques- Volume indices of exports and imports
........................... 250 - Indices du volume des
exportations et importations ...... 250- Unit value indices of
exports and - Indices de la valeur unitaire des exportations
etimports
.............................................................................
252 importations
....................................................................
252- Terms of trade indices and purchasing - Indices des termes de
lchange et du pouvoirpower indices of exports
.................................................. 254 dachat des
exportations ................................................
2544.3Average applied import MFN tariff rates on 4.3Droits de
douane moyens NPF appliqus limportation non-agricultural and
non-fuel products .............................. 256 des produits
non-agricoles et non-ptroliers .................... 256v 6. TABLE
OF CONTENTS TABLE DES MATIRESPART FIVE CINQUIME PARTIEInternational
trade in services Commerce international des services5.1.1 Value of
exports and imports of services of 5.1.1 Valeur des exportations et
importations de servicescountries and geographical
regions................................... 278 des pays et des
rgions gographiques........................... 2785.1.2 Value of
exports and imports of services of 5.1.2 Valeur des exportations et
importations de serviceseconomic groupings
......................................................... 286des
groupements conomiques ........................................
2865.1.3 Value of exports and imports of services of 5.1.3 Valeur
des exportations et importations de servicestrade
groups.......................................................................
288 des groupements commerciaux
........................................ 2885.2Trade in services by
category5.2 Commerce des services par catgories - Leading exporters
among developing - Principaux exportateurs parmi les conomies en
economies
.......................................................................
290dveloppement................................................................
290 - Leading importers among developing - Principaux importateurs
parmi les conomies en economies
.......................................................................
294dveloppement................................................................
2945.3World merchant fleet by flag of registration and 5.3 Flotte
marchande mondiale par pavillons dimmatriculation type of ship of
countries and geographical et par types de navires des pays et des
rgions regions
...............................................................................
298gographiques...................................................................
298 PART SIX SIXIME PARTIECommodities Produits de base6.1Annual and
quarterly indices of free-market6.1 Indices annuels et trimestriels
des prix dune prices of selected primary
commodities............................. 314slection de produits de
base sur le march libre............. 3146.2Instability indices and
trends in free market6.2 Indices dinstabilit et tendances des prix
sur le prices for selected primary commodities
........................... 320march libre dune slection de
produits de base............. 320PART SEVEN SEPTIME PARTIE
International financeFinance internationale7.1.1 Balance of
payments: Current account net of countries 7.1.1 Balance des
paiements : compte courant net des paysand geographical regions
.................................................. 324 et des
rgions gographiques ...........................................
3247.1.2 Balance of payments: Current account net of economic7.1.2
Balance des paiements : compte courant net desgroupings
...........................................................................
332 groupements conomiques
............................................... 3327.1.3 Balance of
payments: Current account net of trade 7.1.3 Balance des paiements
: compte courant net
desgroups................................................................................
334groupements commerciaux
............................................... 3347.2.1 Foreign
direct investment: Inward and outward 7.2.1 Investissement tranger
direct : flux entrants etflows of countries and geographical
regions ..................... 336 sortants des pays et des rgions
gographiques.............. 3367.2.2 Foreign direct investment:
Inward and outward 7.2.2 Investissement tranger direct : flux
entrants etflows of economic groupings
............................................. 344 sortants des
groupements conomiques .......................... 3447.2.3 Foreign
direct investment: Inward and outward 7.2.3 Investissement tranger
direct : flux entrants etflows of trade groups
......................................................... 346
sortants des groupements commerciaux ..........................
3467.3.1 Migrants remittances: Receipts of countries and7.3.1
Envois de fonds des migrants : recettes des pays et desgeographical
regions .........................................................
348rgions
gographiques......................................................
3487.3.2 Migrants remittances: Receipts of economic 7.3.2 Envois de
fonds des migrants : recettes des groupementsgroupings
...........................................................................
356 conomiques
.....................................................................
3567.4.1 Migrants remittances: Payments of countries and7.4.1
Envois de fonds des migrants : paiements des pays et
desgeographical regions
......................................................... 358rgions
gographiques......................................................
3587.4.2 Migrants remittances: Payments of economic 7.4.2 Envois de
fonds des migrants : paiements des groupementsgroupings
...........................................................................
366 conomiques
.....................................................................
3667.5.1 International reserves of developing economies7.5.1
Rserves internationales des conomies enby country and geographical
region .................................. 368 dveloppement par pays
et rgions gographiques ......... 3687.5.2 International reserves of
developing economies7.5.2 Rserves internationales des conomies enby
economic
grouping........................................................
374dveloppement par groupements conomiques ............... 374 vi
7. TABLE OF CONTENTSTABLE DES MATIRES7.6.1 Official financial flows
from bilateral and multilateral 7.6.1. Flux financiers publics
bilatraux et multilatrauxsources by country and geographical
region.................... 376par pays et rgions gographiques
................................... 3767.6.2 Official financial
flows from bilateral and multilateral 7.6.2 Flux financiers publics
bilatraux et multilatraux sources to developing economies by
economicdestination des conomies en dveloppement pargrouping
............................................................................
391groupements conomiques
............................................... 3917.7External
long-term debt by lending source 7.7 Dette extrieure long terme par
catgories de prt A. Developing economies
................................................ 395A. conomies en
dveloppement ................................... 395 B. Developing
economies: Africa ..................................... 396 B.
conomies en dveloppement : Afrique..................... 396 C.
Developing economies: America .................................
397C. conomies en dveloppement : Amrique................. 397 D.
Developing economies: Asia .......................................
398 D. conomies en dveloppement : Asie .........................
398 E. Developing economies: Oceania
................................. 399E. conomies en dveloppement :
Ocanie................... 399 F. Developing economies: Major
petroleum and gasF. conomies en dveloppement : principauxexporters
......................................................................
400 exportateurs de ptrole et de gaz...............................
400 G. Developing economies: Major manufactured G. conomies en
dveloppement : principauxgoods exporters
...........................................................
401exportateurs darticles manufacturs..........................
401PART EIGHTHUITIME PARTIE Development indicators Indicateurs du
dveloppement8.1.1 Nominal gross domestic product: Total and per
capita 8.1.1 Produit intrieur brut nominal : total et par
habitantof countries and geographical
regions............................... 404 des pays et des rgions
gographiques ........................... 4048.1.2 Nominal gross
domestic product: Total and per capita 8.1.2 Produit intrieur brut
nominal : total et par habitantof economic
groupings.......................................................
412 des groupements conomiques
........................................ 4128.2.1 Annual average
growth rates of total and per capita8.2.1 Taux de croissance
annuels moyens du produitreal gross domestic product of countries
and intrieur brut rel total et par habitant des paysgeographical
regions .........................................................
414 et des rgions gographiques
........................................... 4148.2.2 Annual average
growth rates of total and per capita8.2.2 Taux de croissance
annuels moyens du produitreal gross domestic product of intrieur
brut rel total et par habitant deseconomic
groupings...........................................................
422groupements conomiques
............................................... 4228.3.1 Nominal
gross domestic product by type of8.3.1 Produit intrieur brut
nominal par catgories deexpenditure and by kind of economic
activity ofdpenses et par branches dactivit conomiquecountries and
geographical regions................................... 424des pays
et des rgions gographiques ........................... 4248.3.2
Nominal gross domestic product by type of8.3.2 Produit intrieur
brut nominal par catgories deexpenditure and by kind of economic
activity ofdpenses et par branches dactivit conomiqueeconomic
groupings...........................................................
442des groupements conomiques
........................................ 4428.4.1 Population and
labour force of countries and 8.4.1 Population et main-duvre des
pays et desgeographical regions
......................................................... 446
rgions
gographiques......................................................
4468.4.2 Population and labour force of economic8.4.2 Population et
main-duvre des groupementsgroupings
...........................................................................
465conomiques
.....................................................................
465EXPLANATION OF SYMBOLS SIGNIFICATION DES SYMBOLES0 Zero means
that the amount is nil or negligible. 0 Un zro signifie que le
montant est nul ou ngligeable._ The symbol underscore indicates
that the item is not applicable_ Un tiret signifie que la rubrique
est sans objet...Two dots indicate that the data are not available
or are ..Deux points signifient que les donnes ne sont pasnot
separately reported. disponibles ou ne sont pas communiques
sparment.- The use of a hyphen on data area means that data is
estimated- Le trait dunion dans le champ des donnes indique queand
included in the aggregation but not to be shown. A hyphenle chiffre
est estim et inclus dans lagrgation mais nestbetween years (e.g.
1985-1990) signifies the full period involved, pas publi. Le trait
dunion entre deux millsimes (par exempleincluding the initial and
final years. 1985-1990) indique quil sagit de la priode tout
entire, y compris la premire et la dernire anne mentionnes.(b)Break
in the series (b)Interruption de la
srie(e)Estimate(e)Estimation(f)Forecast(f)Prvision(p)Provisional
data(p)Donne provisoire(r)Revised data(r)Donne rviseSome exceptions
are indicated in footnotes.Les exceptions sont indiques dans les
notes en bas de page. vii 8. GENERAL NOTESThese notes summarize the
content of each part of thePART THREEHandbook according to the
revised Table of Contents of the International merchandise trade by
productpresent issue of the Handbook of Statistics.Table 3.1 shows
the export and import structure of individual The tables included
in this book represent analyticaleconomies by commodity groups for
selected years for ninesummaries of the full time series contained
in the UNCTAD commodity groups (total, all food items, agricultural
rawHandbook of Statistics 2011 on DVD. materials, fuels, ores and
metals, manufactured goods,including chemical products, machinery
and transportequipment and other manufactured goods). PART ONE
Table 3.2 (A, B and C, respectively) presents the structure
International merchandise tradeof exports for the world, for
developing and developedTable 1.1 shows the value of total exports
(f.o.b.) and imports economies, by product, at the SITC group
(Revision 3, 3-digit)(c.i.f.), expressed in millions of dollars and
percentages of the level. Each product share of world exports is
calculated for eachworld total, of individual countries and
geographical regions economic grouping as well as the average
annual growth rate(1.1.1), economic groupings (1.1.2), and trade
groups (1.1.3).and the latters deviation in relation to the world
growth rate.The trade flows shown in table 1.1.1 refer to the
General Trade Table 3.2D establishes for each economy the list of
mainSystem except for the countries which employ the
Specialproducts exported (SITC group, Revision 3, 3-digit level).
EachTrade System and which are marked with an asterisk. The
products share of total exports of individual countries,General
Trade System is used when the statistical territory of
ageographical regions and the world is also indicated.compiling
country coincides with its economic territory.Table 3.2E lists
major exporters of 70 leading productsConsequently, imports include
all goods entering the economic among developing economies at the
SITC group (Revision 3,territory of a compiling country and exports
include all goods3-digit) level as well as corresponding shares in
world trade.leaving the economic territory of the compiling
country. TheTable 3.3 provides concentration indices and
structuralSpecial Trade System is used when the statistical
territory change indices for exports and imports by product group
atcomprises only a particular part of the economic territory within
SITC (Revision 3, 3-digit) level. The first indicator shows how
awhich goods may be disposed of without customs restriction.
product market is concentrated in a few countries orIn such a case,
imports include all goods entering the free homogeneously
distributed among several countries. Thecirculation area of the
compiling country, which means clearedstructural change indicator
shows whether the market share forthrough customs for home use, and
exports include all goods a given product among export countries
has changedleaving the free circulation area of a compiling
country. significantly when compared with a reference year.Average
annual growth rates of international trade derivedTotals of
international merchandise trade presented in thefrom table 1.1 are
presented in table 1.2.tables of this third part may also differ
from the data containedTable 1.3 contains trade balances (exports
f.o.b. minus in the first and second parts for the above reasons,
to whichimports c.i.f.) and these balances, as a percentage of
imports of must be added margins of exports and imports not
distributedindividual countries, geographical regions and economic
by commodity group or the use of different
productgroupings.nomenclatures by the exporting and importing
countries.Table 1.4 shows the relative importance of trade
amonggroup members as compared to the regional or total trade
ofthat group.PART FOUR International merchandise trade
indicatorsTable 4.1 includes calculation results of concentration
and PART TWO diversification indices for individual countries,
geographicalInternational merchandise trade by region regions and
economic groupings. This concentration indexTable 2.1 shows the
export and import structure of individual specifically shows how
exports and imports of individualcountries by main regions of
origin and destination. Data are countries or country groupings are
concentrated on severalpresented for as many individual countries
as possible, while products or otherwise distributed in a more
homogeneoustrade partners are grouped in 14 major clusters.manner
among a series of products. The diversificationTable 2.2 (A to L)
presents the structure of exports by indicator signals whether the
structure of exports or imports bydestination and imports by origin
by major commodity groups product of a given country or country
grouping differs from thefor 12 selected country groups. The table
provides detailed structure by product shown for the
world.information on the world trade network for 19 regions of
originTable 4.2 contains volume indices of exports and imports,and
destination and six commodity groups. rounding out trade value
available in tables 1.1 and 1.2, unitTotals of international
merchandise trade presented in thevalue indices of exports and
imports and derived terms of tradetables found in parts one and two
are not strictly comparable and purchasing power of exports
presented at the level ofdue to complementary but different sources
and remainingindividual countries and geographical regions (4.2.1)
andunallocated trade flows, despite efforts to distribute trade
flowseconomic groupings (4.2.2).by destination, origin and
commodity group. To improve data coverage, especially for the
latest periods, theExports by destination may differ considerably
in some casesfollowing procedure was used in the calculation of
unit valuefrom data on imports as reported by countries of
destination forindices:a variety of factors, among which the
following may be of - A set of average prices indices at SITC
(Revision 3, 3-digit)particular importance:group level was
constructed using UNCTADstat Commodity- Most import data are
reported on a c.i.f. rather than an f.o.b. Price Statistics,
international and national sources andbasis;UNCTAD secretariat
estimates;- There is a time lag between the date on which goods are
- At the country level, unit value indices were calculated
usingrecorded as exports and their arrival at their destination;
current years trade values as weights at the SITC (Revision 3,-
There may be considerable differences between the recorded3-digit)
level. Trade values are available in table 3.2.destination of
exports and the actual destination as shown in In some instances
these indices may differ from the estimatesimport
statistics.published in official sources, since the main aim is to
providetentative estimates for most developing countries on
acomparable basis.Table 4.3 presents average applied import MFN
tariff ratesfor major categories of non-agricultural and non-fuel
productsby individual markets. viii 9. GENERAL NOTESPART FIVEPART
SEVENInternational trade in services International financeTables
5.1.1, 5.1.2 and 5.1.3 present the value of total trade inTables
7.1.1, 7.1.2 and 7.1.3 present values of the currentservices by
individual country, geographical region, economicaccount net in
millions of dollars and as percentages of GDP forgrouping and trade
group. The tables show values of exportsindividual countries,
geographical regions, and trade and(credits) and imports (debits)
of services that were derived fromeconomic groupings.
Balance-of-payments current accountstatistics on international
service transactions as presented in data cover all transactions
between residents and non-residentsthe International Monetary Funds
(IMFs) Balance of Paymentsof a reporting economy. In general, the
current account balanceStatistics. Services are defined as the
economic output of describes the difference between current
receipts andintangible commodities that may be produced,
transferred and expenditures for internationally traded goods,
services andconsumed at the same time. However, services cover a
income payments. At the same time, from a nationalheterogeneous
range of intangible products and activities that perspective, the
current account balance would equal the gapare difficult to capture
within a single definition and arebetween national savings and
domestic investment.sometimes hard to separate from goods. Services
are outputsTables 7.2.1, 7.2.2 and 7.2.3 contain information on
foreignproduced to order, and they typically include changes in the
direct investment (FDI) inflows and outflows by individualcondition
of the consumers realized through the activities of thecountry,
geographical region, economic grouping and tradeproducers at the
demand of customers. By the time production group. These figures
correspond to the Statistical Annexes ofof a service is completed,
it must have been provided to a the UNCTAD World Investment Report
2011. FDI is defined asconsumer.an investment involving a long-term
relationship and reflecting aServices figures shown here comprise
11 principal services lasting interest in and control by a resident
entity in onecategories according to the concepts and definitions
of the IMFeconomy (foreign direct investor or parent enterprise) of
anBalance of Payments Manual (BPM5, 1993). These
categoriesenterprise resident in a different economy (FDI
enterprise orcover transport; travel; communications; construction;
affiliate enterprise or foreign affiliate). Such investment
involvesinsurance; financial services; computer and informationboth
the initial transaction between the two entities and allservices;
royalties and license fees; other business services; subsequent
transactions between them and among foreignpersonal, cultural and
recreational services; and government affiliates. A direct
investment enterprise is defined as anservices n.i.e. Given the
general difficulties involved in incorporated or unincorporated
enterprise in which the directstatistically capturing certain
aspects of the trade in services,investor, resident in another
economy, owns 10 percent or morethe balance-of-payments figures
presented here may beof the ordinary shares or voting power (or the
equivalent).somewhat downward-biased as compared with the actual
value Tables 7.3.1 and 7.3.2 present values of receipts (credits)
ofof the international trade in services. The aggregate data
fromtotal migrants remittances, in millions of dollars, for
individualtables 5.1 include the UNCTAD secretariats estimates of
economies and regional and economic groupings. They alsomissing
values that are not shown separately.show total remittances
receipts as percentage of GDP andTable 5.2 indicates 20 major
exporters and importers,international trade. The Balance of
Payments Manual (BPM5,among developing economies, for each of the
10 principal 1993) classifies workers remittances, compensation
ofservices sectors as defined in the IMF Balance of Payments
employees and migrants transfers separately. In this table,Manual
(BPM5, 1993), which are transport; travel;their sum is given in
order to present a clearer picture of thecommunication;
construction; computer and informationflows that enter economies
via transactions by migrants andservices; insurance; financial
services; royalties and licence temporary or cross-border workers.
BPM5 defines workersfees; other business services; and personal,
cultural andremittances as goods and financial instruments
transferred byrecreational services. Government services n.i.e. are
notmigrants living and working (being residents) in a new
economyincluded.to residents of the economy in which the migrants
formerlyTable 5.3 concerns international maritime transport.
Itresided. A migrant must live and work in the new economy
forcontains data on the world merchant fleet by flag of
registrationmore than one year to be considered a resident
there.and by type of ship by region and economy, highlighting
theCompensation of employees includes wages, salaries and
othergroup of major open-registry countries. A ship owner who
benefits, in cash or in kind, earned by individuals inregisters his
or her vessel in an open-registry country does not economies where
they are not residents for work performedneed to have any
connection with a country of registry. Thefor residents of those
economies. It covers seasonal and othernumber of open-registry
countries has varied over the years. short-term workers and border
workers. Migrants transfersThe group in this table includes 10
countries. Table 5.3 containscover flows of goods and changes in
financial items that ariseconsolidated time series from various
issues of the UNCTAD from migration (change of residence for at
least one year).Review of Maritime Transport. The Review reports on
theTables 7.4.1 and 7.4.2 include data on payments (debits)
ofworldwide evolution of shipping, ports and multimodal
transporttotal migrants remittances, based on the same approach
usedrelated to the major traffics of liquid bulk, dry bulk and for
tables 7.3.1 and 7.3.2.containers.Tables 7.5.1 and 7.5.2 present
statistics on total international reserves (including gold) of
developing countries by country, region and economic grouping, in
millions of dollars. Other calculations included show months of
imports that these PART SIXreserves could finance at current import
levels, as well as the Commodities annual change in total reserves.
According to the IMF definition,Table 6.1 includes aggregated price
indices for primaryinternational reserves consist of the sum of the
countrys foreigncommodity groups such as food, tropical beverages,
vegetable exchange, its reserve position in the IMF, the monetary
goldoilseeds and oils, agricultural raw materials and minerals,
ores reserves, and the United States dollar value of SDR holdings
byand metals, as well as an all groups price index in currentits
monetary authorities.United States dollars. Also included are the
annual andTables 7.6 give a summary of official financial flows by
typequarterly free-market price indices for selected commodities of
flow, country, region and economic grouping. Flows fromexported by
developing economies. The weight of price indicesbilateral and
multilateral sources are shown, as recorded by thefor the above
mentioned commodity groups (2000=100) areOrganization for Economic
Cooperation and Developmentbased on the value of exports of
developing countries from (OECD) Development Assistance Committee
(DAC).1999 to 2001.Tables 7.7 present time series on the external
long-termTable 6.2 presents instability indices and trends in free-
indebtedness of developing economies. They also provide amarket
prices for selected primary commodities that are of detailed
breakdown of public and publicly guaranteed debt byparticular
interest to developing economies. source of lending. External debt
data in this table are based on the Debtor Reporting System (DRS)
maintained by the World Bank.ix 10. GENERAL NOTESPART EIGHTOTHER
NOTESDevelopment indicatorsTable 8.1 provides information on total
and per capita nominalUnless otherwise specified, country
aggregates are the sums ofgross domestic product (GDP) (in United
States dollars) bythe relevant country data by group. Calculations
of aggregatesindividual country, geographical region and economic
grouping.may in some cases include data estimated by the UNCTADThe
GDP figures in dollars are derived from GDP data provided
secretariat that are not necessarily all reported separately.in
national currencies. The prevailing annual average marketBecause of
rounding, details and percentages in tables doexchange rates, as
reported by IMF, have been used for thenot necessarily add up to
totals.conversion from national currencies to dollars. Data were
collected and checked to ensure that theymatched the geographical
coverage of the countries, as Table 8.2 contains annual average
growth rates of total anddescribed at the beginning of the
Handbook. However, someper capita real GDP by individual country,
geographical regiongaps could not be avoided due to data
unavailability and areand economic grouping. The growth rates are
based on GDP indescribed in the notes at the end tables.United
States dollars at constant 2005 prices.Unless otherwise stated,
dollars ($) refer to United States Table 8.3 provides data on GDP
by type of expenditure anddollars and data in dollars are expressed
in current Unitedkind of economic activity by country, geographical
region and States dollars of the year to which they refer.economic
grouping.Average annual growth rates are defined as the coefficient
bbt Tables 8.4.1 and 8.4.2 provide some estimates on in the
exponential trend function y = ae where t stands for
time.population and labour force: total population, urban
population This method takes all observations in a period into
account.(as a percentage of total population), total labour force,
female Therefore, the resulting growth rates reflect trends that
are notlabour force (as a percentage of total labour force), total
unduly influenced by exceptional values.agriculture labour force
and female labour force (as apercentage of total agriculture labour
force). The figures forcertain groups may be different from those
published by thesources cited when the UNCTAD definitions for those
groupsare different.x 11. DISTRIBUTION OF COUNTRIES AND
TERRITORIESThe country distributions presented are for
statistical2. Economic groupings of developing countriesconvenience
only and follow those used by the StatisticsDivision, Department of
Economic and Social Affairs (DESA), ofThe Handbook provides
numerous and varied groups ofthe United Nations. They are grouped
by economic criteria or by countries and territories in order to
provide easy access to theadhesion to commercial agreements for the
purpose of statisticalstatistics necessary for socio-economic
analysis andanalysis and research.development research. The term
economies, as used in this publication, refers to Developing
economies are presented at three levels ofregions, countries and
territories. aggregation: the total group, the group excluding
China(referring to continental China) and the group excluding the
least Country-level data are included where statistics have been
developed countries.reported or where it was possible to make an
estimate. The category of heavily indebted poor countries
includesThe composition of country and product groups is evolving
inthose economies benefiting from the HIPC debt reductionorder to
provide relevant statistics for research and analysis. Ininitiative
of the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund.this regard,
UNCTAD reviews and updates the definition andcomposition of groups
every year. User should be aware that theLDCs and landlocked
developing countries (LLDCs) arechanges may impact significantly
the figures from one given recognized by the United Nations as
categories that requirerelease to the other. The detailed changes
in the groups arespecial attention from the international
community.thoroughly outlined in the section Classifications at
UNCTADstatwebsite. Since 1994, the United Nations has recognized
the particularproblems of the Small Island Developing States
(SIDS), even 1. Geographical regionsthough the criteria for drawing
up an official list of SIDS have notyet been determined. The
unofficial list is used by UNCTAD forThere is no established
convention for the designation of analytical purposes
only."developed" and "developing" countries or areas in the
UnitedNations system. In common practice, Israel and Japan in
Asia,The developing economies are also categorized into
threeBermuda, Canada, Greenland, Saint Pierre et Miquelon, and the
subgroups according to their average 2004-2006 per capitaUnited
States in North America, Australia and New Zealand inGDP:
high-income (above $4,500), middle-income (betweenOceania, and
Europe are considered "developed" regions or $1,000 and $4,500) and
low-income (below $1,000).areas. This section includes all
countries and territories dividedinto three major categories:
developing countries, transition The group of major petroleum and
gas exporters consists ofeconomies and developed economies. Each
category is further countries whose share of petroleum and gas
(SITC code 33 plusdivided by geographical regions.34) was not less
than 50 per cent of their total exports, andwhose exports of these
products amounted to at least one per1) Developing economies:cent
of petroleum and gas world share for the period 2004This category
includes countries and territories in America,2006. This group is
divided into three geographical zones:Africa, Asia and Oceania not
specified below. The geographicalAfrica, America and Asia.regions
are further subdivided into subregions in order to presentmore
detailed statistics. Exceptions are specified in table The group of
major manufactured goods exporters consistsfootnotes.of economies
whose share of manufactured products (SITC 5 to8, excluding 667 and
68) was not less than 50 per cent of their2) Transition economies
total exports, and whose exports of these products amounted toThis
group includes countries in transition from centrally plannedat
least one per cent of manufactured goods world share for theto
market economies.period 20042006.The group comprises countries in
Americaand Asia.3) Developed economies:This category is subdivided
into four geographical regions:The composition of the groups of
emerging economies (inAmerica, Asia, Europe and Oceania.America and
Asia) and newly industrialized Asian economies(composed of first
and second tier) corresponds to UNCTADsWorld total represents the
sum of the figures of the three above-Trade and Development
Report.mentioned groups plus the figures of a group of territories
andpartners not elsewhere classified, whose composition is detailed
The different geographical regions are also presented atbelow. Data
of these territories are included in the world total if various
levels of aggregation:they have been reported but are not presented
individually or inany group, either by geography, economy or trade.
- Africa: Northern Africa excluding Sudan, sub-SaharanAfrica,
including Sudan, including and excluding South Africa.The
composition of the group "not elsewhere classified" is as- America:
Central America and Greater Caribbean Islandsfollows:excluding
Puerto Rico, including and excluding Mexico, South- Territories:
Antarctica, Bouvet Island, British Antarctic Territory,America and
Central America, and South America excludingBritish Indian Ocean
Territory, Christmas Island, Cocos (Keeling) Brazil.Islands, French
Southern Territories, Heard and McDonaldIslands, Norfolk Island,
Pitcairn, Saint Barthlemy, Saint Martin - Asia: Eastern and
South-Eastern Asia excluding China, and(French part), South Georgia
and South Sandwich Islands,Southern Asia excluding India.United
States Minor Outlying Islands, and United StatesMiscellaneous
Pacific Islands. 3. Trade groups and interregional groupings-
Partners: "Confidential information and differences",
"Neutralzone", "Free zones", "Bunkers", and "Ship stores".
TheseStatistics of trade groups with special analytic interest
arespecific partners are only used in the merchandise trade
tables.presented according to their pertinence. These
groupingsinclude all relevant economies and are subclassified byThe
total of each group presented in the Handbook is also geographical
regions, with the exception of followingcompleted, should the case
arise, with data that have not beeninterregional groups: African,
Caribbean and Pacific Group ofallocated to the different elements
composing the group.States; AsiaPacific Economic Cooperation; Black
SeaEconomic Cooperation; and Commonwealth of IndependentStates.Two
groups have been added in this edition: the East AfricanCommunity
and the Organization of American States. xi 12. DISTRIBUTION BY
GEOGRAPHICAL REGIONDEVELOPING ECONOMIES AFRICAEastern AfricaBurundi
Malawi UgandaComoros MauritiusUnited Republic of
TanzaniaDjiboutiMayotteZambiaEritrea Mozambique
ZimbabweEthiopiaRwandaKenya SeychellesMadagascarSomaliaMiddle
AfricaAngolaCongoSao Tome and PrincipeCameroonDemocratic Republic
of the CongoCentral African RepublicEquatorial
GuineaChadGabonNorthern AfricaAlgeria MoroccoWestern SaharaEgypt
SudanLibyan Arab JamahiriyaTunisiaSouthern
AfricaBotswanaNamibiaSwazilandLesotho South AfricaWestern
AfricaBenin Guinea NigeriaBurkina FasoGuinea-BissauSaint HelenaCape
VerdeLiberiaSenegalCte dIvoire Mali Sierra LeoneGambiaMauritania
TogoGhana NigerAMERICACaribbean islandsGreater Caribbean Small
Caribbean islandsCubaAnguilla GrenadaDominican RepublicAntigua and
BarbudaMontserratHaiti ArubaNetherlands AntillesJamaica
BahamasSaint Kitts and NevisBarbados Saint LuciaBritish Virgin
Islands Saint Vincent and the GrenadinesCayman Islands Trinidad and
TobagoDominica Turks and Caicos IslandsCentral
AmericaBelizeGuatemalaNicaraguaCosta RicaHonduras PanamaEl Salvador
MexicoSouth AmericaArgentina EcuadorSurinameBolivia (Plurinational
State of)Falkland Islands (Malvinas)UruguayBrazilGuyana Venezuela
(Bolivarian Republic of)Chile ParaguayColombiaPeruxii 13.
DISTRIBUTION BY GEOGRAPHICAL REGION DEVELOPING ECONOMIES
(concluded)ASIAEastern AsiaChinaMacao, Special
AdministrativeDemocratic Peoples Republic Region of Chinaof Korea
MongoliaHong Kong, Special AdministrativeRepublic of KoreaRegion of
ChinaTaiwan Province of ChinaSouthern
AsiaAfghanistanIndiaNepalBangladesh Iran (Islamic Republic of)
PakistanBhutan Maldives Sri LankaSouth-Eastern AsiaBrunei
DarussalamMalaysia ThailandCambodia
MyanmarTimor-LesteIndonesiaPhilippinesViet NamLao Peoples
Democratic Republic SingaporeWestern AsiaBahrainOccupied
Palestinian territory TurkeyIraq Oman United Arab EmiratesJordan
QatarYemenKuwait Saudi ArabiaLebanonSyrian Arab Republic
OCEANIAAmerican Samoa Micronesia (Federated States of) SamoaCook
Islands NauruSolomon IslandsFiji New CaledoniaTokelauFrench
Polynesia Niue TongaGuam Northern Mariana Islands TuvaluKiribati
PalauVanuatuMarshall Islands Papua New Guinea Wallis and Futuna
Islands xiii 14. DISTRIBUTION BY GEOGRAPHICAL REGION TRANSITION
ECONOMIESAlbaniaKyrgyzstan TurkmenistanArmeniaMontenegro
UkraineAzerbaijan Republic of MoldovaUzbekistanBelarusRussian
FederationBosnia and Herzegovina SerbiaCroatiaTajikistanGeorgiaThe
former Yugoslav RepublicKazakhstan of Macedonia DEVELOPED ECONOMIES
AMERICABermudaUnited States of AmericaCanada including Puerto Rico
andGreenlandUnited States Virgin IslandsSaint Pierre and
MiquelonASIAIsraelJapan EUROPEAndorraGibraltarPolandAustriaGreece
PortugalBelgiumHoly See RomaniaBulgaria HungarySan MarinoCyprus
IcelandSlovakiaCzech Republic
IrelandSloveniaDenmarkItalySpainEstoniaLatvia SwedenFaeroe Islands
LithuaniaSwitzerland including LiechtensteinFinland including land
IslandsLuxembourg United Kingdom of Great Britain andFrance
including French Guyana,MaltaNorthern Ireland including
ChannelGuadeloupe, Martinique,NetherlandsIslands and Isle of
ManMonaco and Runion Norway including SvalbardGermanyand Jan Mayen
OCEANIAAustraliaNew Zealand xiv 15. DISTRIBUTION OF DEVELOPING
ECONOMIES BY ECONOMIC GROUPINGHeavily indebted poor countries
(40)AfghanistanGambiaNicaraguaBeninGhana NigerBolivia
(Plurinational State of) GuineaRwandaBurkina Faso Guinea-Bissau Sao
Tome and PrincipeBurundiGuyanaSenegalCameroon Haiti Sierra
LeoneCentral African Republic HondurasSomaliaChad
KyrgyzstanSudanComorosLiberia TogoCongoMadagascarUgandaCte
dIvoireMalawiUnited Republic of TanzaniaDemocratic Republic of the
Congo MaliZambiaEritreaMauritaniaEthiopia MozambiqueLandlocked
developing countries (31)AfghanistanKazakhstan* RwandaArmenia*
Kyrgyzstan* SwazilandAzerbaijan*Lao Peoples Democratic
RepublicTajikistan*Bhutan Lesotho The former Yugoslav
RepublicBolivia (Plurinational State of) Malawiof
Macedonia*Botswana MaliTurkmenistan*Burkina Faso
MongoliaUgandaBurundiNepal Uzbekistan*Central African Republic
Niger ZambiaChad ParaguayZimbabweEthiopia Republic of Moldova**
These countries are classified as economies in transition (neither
developed nor developing).However, as they are landlocked States,
they are also members of this group.Small island developing States
(29)Antigua and BarbudaMaldivesSamoaBahamasMarshall IslandsSao Tome
and PrincipeBarbados Mauritius SeychellesCape Verde Micronesia
(Federated States of)Solomon IslandsComorosNauru
Timor-LesteDominica Palau TongaFiji Papua New GuineaTrinidad and
TobagoGrenadaSaint Kitts and Nevis TuvaluJamaicaSaint Lucia
VanuatuKiribati Saint Vincent and the GrenadinesLeast developed
countries (48)Year of inclusion in the groupYear of inclusion in
the groupYear of inclusion in the groupAfrica and Haiti
AsiaAngola1994 Malawi 1971 Afghanistan 1971Benin 1971 Mali 1971
Bangladesh1975Burkina Faso1971 Mauritania 1986 Bhutan1971Burundi
1971 Mozambique 1988 Cambodia1991Central African Republic1975
Niger1971 Lao Peoples Democratic Republic1971Chad1971 Rwanda 1971
Myanmar 1987Democratic Republic of the Congo1991 Senegal2000 Nepal
1971Djibouti1982 Sierra Leone 1982 Yemen 1971Equatorial Guinea 1982
Somalia1971Eritrea 1994 Sudan1971 IslandsEthiopia1971 Togo 1982
Comoros 1977Gambia1975 Uganda 1971 Kiribati1986Guinea1971 United
Republic of Tanzania1971 Samoa 1971Guinea-Bissau 1981 Zambia 1991
Sao Tome and Principe 1982Haiti 1971 Solomon Islands 1991Lesotho
1971 Timor-Leste 2003Liberia 1990 Tuvalu1986Madagascar1991 Vanuatu
1985xv 16. DISTRIBUTION OF DEVELOPING ECONOMIES BY ECONOMIC
GROUPING UNCTAD ECONOMIC GROUPINGS2004-2006 average per capita
current GDP above $4,500: High-income (46)American Samoa
GuamQatarAnguilla Hong Kong, Special Administrative Republic of
KoreaAntigua and BarbudaRegion of China Saint Kitts and
NevisArgentinaKuwaitSaint LuciaArubaLebanon Saudi
ArabiaBahamasLibyan Arab JamahiriyaSeychellesBahrainMacao, Special
Administrative SingaporeBarbados Region of China Taiwan Province of
ChinaBritish Virgin Islands MalaysiaTrinidad and TobagoBrunei
DarussalamMexicoTurkeyCayman Islands MontserratTurks and Caicos
IslandsChileNetherlands AntillesUnited Arab EmiratesCook Islands
New Caledonia UruguayCosta Rica NiueVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic
of)Equatorial GuineaNorthern Mariana IslandsFalkland Islands
(Malvinas)OmanFrench Polynesia Palau2004-2006 average per capita
current GDP between $1,000 and $4,500: Middle-income
(50)AlgeriaGrenada PhilippinesBelize Guatemala Saint HelenaBolivia
(Plurinational State of) HondurasSaint Vincent and the
GrenadinesBotswana Iran (Islamic Republic of)SamoaBrazil Jamaica
South AfricaCape Verde JordanSri LankaChinaMaldivesSurinameColombia
Marshall IslandsSwazilandCongoMauritius Syrian Arab RepublicCuba
Micronesia (Federated States of)ThailandDominica Morocco
TokelauDominican Republic Namibia TongaEcuadorNauru
TunisiaEgyptOccupied Palestinian territoryTuvaluEl
SalvadorPanamaVanuatuFiji ParaguayWallis and Futuna
IslandsGabonPeru2004-2006 average per capita current GDP below
$1,000: Low-income (60)AfghanistanGuinea-Bissau NigeriaAngola
GuyanaPakistanBangladesh Haiti Papua New GuineaBeninIndia
RwandaBhutan Indonesia Sao Tome and PrincipeBurkina Faso
IraqSenegalBurundiKenya Sierra LeoneCambodia KiribatiSolomon
IslandsCameroon Lao Peoples Democratic RepublicSomaliaCentral
African Republic Lesotho SudanChad Liberia
Timor-LesteComorosMadagascarTogoCte dIvoireMalawiUgandaDemocratic
Peoples Republic of KoreaMaliUnited Republic of TanzaniaDemocratic
Republic of the Congo MauritaniaViet NamDjibouti
MongoliaYemenEritreaMozambiqueZambiaEthiopia Myanmar ZimbabweGambia
NepalGhanaNicaraguaGuinea Nigerxvi 17. DISTRIBUTION OF DEVELOPING
ECONOMIES BY ECONOMIC GROUPINGMajor petroleum and gas exporters
(12)Africa AmericaAsiaAlgeriaVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)
Iran (Islamic Republic of)AngolaIraqLibyan Arab
JamahiriyaKuwaitNigeria OmanQatarSaudi ArabiaUnited Arab
EmiratesMajor manufactured goods exporters (8)AmericaAsiaMexico
China Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region of China Malaysia
Republic of Korea Singapore Taiwan Province of China
ThailandEmerging economies (10)AmericaAsiaArgentinaMalaysiaBrazil
Republic of KoreaChileSingaporeMexico Taiwan Province of ChinaPeru
ThailandNewly industrialized Asian economies (8)First tier Second
tierHong Kong, Special AdministrativeIndonesiaRegion of
ChinaMalaysiaRepublic of KoreaPhilippinesSingaporeThailandTaiwan
Province of China xvii 18. DISTRIBUTION OF ECONOMIES BY TRADE
GROUPAFRICAYear of accessionYear of accession Year of accessionArab
Maghreb Union UMA (5)Economic Community of CentralEconomic and
Monetary CommunityAlgeria1989 African States (10) - ECCASof Central
Africa (6) - CEMACLibyan Arab Jamahiriya 1989 Angola1999
Cameroon1994Mauritania 1989 Burundi 1983 Central African
Republic1994Morocco1989 Cameroon1983 Chad1994Tunisia1989 Central
African Republic1983 Congo 1994Chad1983 Equatorial Guinea1994Common
Market for Eastern and Congo 1983 Gabon1994Southern Africa (19) -
COMESA Democratic Republic of theBurundi1994Congo1983 Mano River
Union (4) - MRUComoros1994 Equatorial Guinea 1983 Cte
dIvoire2008Democratic Republic of theGabon 1983 Guinea
1980Congo1994 Sao Tome and Principe 1983 Liberia1973Djibouti
1994Sierra Leone 1973Egypt1994 Economic Community of the
GreatEritrea1994 Lakes Countries (3) - CEPGLSouthern African
DevelopmentEthiopia 1994 Burundi 1976 Community (15) -
SADCKenya1994 Democratic Republic of the Angola 1992Libyan Arab
Jamahiriya 2005Congo1976 Botswana 1992Madagascar 1994 Rwanda1976
Democratic Republic of theMalawi 1994Congo1992Mauritius1994
Economic Community of West Lesotho1992Rwanda 1994 African States
(15) - ECOWAS Madagascar 2005Seychelles 1994 Benin 1975 Malawi
1992Sudan1994 Burkina Faso1975 Mauritius1992Swaziland1994 Cape
Verde1977 Mozambique 1992Uganda 1994 Cte dIvoire 1975
Namibia1992Zambia 1994 Gambia1975 Seychelles 2007Zimbabwe 1994
Ghana 1975 South Africa 1994Guinea1975 Swaziland1992East African
Community (5) - EACGuinea-Bissau 1975 United Republic of
Tanzania1992Burundi2007 Liberia 1975 Zambia 1992Kenya2001 Mali1975
Zimbabwe 1992Rwanda 2007 Niger 1975Uganda 2001 Nigeria 1975 West
African Economic andUnited Republic of Tanzania2001 Senegal 1975
Monetary Union (8) - UEMOASierra Leone1975 Benin1994Togo1975
Burkina Faso 1994 Cte dIvoire1994 Guinea-Bissau1997 Mali 1994
Niger1994 Senegal1994 Togo 1994 AMERICAYear of accessionYear of
accession Year of accessionAndean Community (4) - ANCOMCentral
American Common Market (5) - Dominican Republic 1994Bolivia
(Plurinational State of) 1996 CACM Ecuador1994Colombia 1996 Costa
Rica1962 El Salvador1994Ecuador1996 El Salvador 1961
Grenada1994Peru 1996 Guatemala 1961 Guatemala1994Honduras1961
Guyana 1994Caribbean Community (15) - CARICOMNicaragua 1961
Haiti1994Antigua and Barbuda1974Honduras 1994Bahamas1983 Free Trade
Area of the Americas (34) - Jamaica1994Barbados 1973 FTAA Mexico
1994Belize 1974 Antigua and Barbuda1994Nicaragua1994Dominica 1974
Argentina1994Panama 1994Grenada1974 Bahamas1994Paraguay 1994Guyana
1973 Barbados 1994Peru 1994Haiti2002 Belize 1994Saint Kitts and
Nevis1994Jamaica1973 Bolivia (Plurinational State of) 1994Saint
Lucia1994Montserrat 1974 Brazil 1994Saint Vincent and the
Grenadines 1994Saint Kitts and Nevis1974 Canada 1994Suriname
1994Saint Lucia1974 Chile1994Trinidad and Tobago1994Saint Vincent
and the Grenadines 1974 Colombia 1994United States of America
1994Suriname 1995 Costa Rica 1994Uruguay1994Trinidad and Tobago1973
Dominica 1994Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) 1994xviii 19.
DISTRIBUTION OF ECONOMIES BY TRADE GROUPAMERICA (concluded)Year of
accessionYear of accessionYear of accessionLatin American
IntegrationOrganization of American States (34) - OAS Peru
1951Association (12) - LAIA Antigua and Barbuda1981Saint Kitts and
Nevis1984Argentina1980 Argentina1948Saint Lucia1979Bolivia
(Plurinational State of) 1980 Bahamas1982Saint Vincent and
theBrazil 1980 Barbados 1967Grenadines 1981Chile1980 Belize
1991Suriname 1977Colombia 1980 Bolivia (Plurinational State of)
1948Trinidad and Tobago1967Cuba 1999 Brazil 1948United States of
America 1951Ecuador1980 Canada 1990Uruguay1951Mexico 1980
Chile1948Venezuela (BolivarianParaguay 1980 Colombia 1948Republic
of) 1951Peru 1980 Costa Rica 1948Uruguay1980 Cuba 2009Organization
of Eastern CaribbeanVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) 1980
Dominica 1979States (7) - OECSDominican Republic 1948Antigua and
Barbuda 1981Mercado Comn del Sur (4) -
MERCOSUREcuador1948Dominica1981Argentina1994 El Salvador1948Grenada
1981Brazil 1994 Grenada1975Montserrat1981Paraguay 1994
Guatemala1948Saint Kitts and Nevis 1981Uruguay1994 Guyana 1948Saint
Lucia 1981Haiti1948Saint Vincent and theNorth American Free Trade
Jamaica1969 Grenadines 1981Agreement (3) - NAFTA Mexico 1948Canada
1994 Nicaragua1948Mexico 1994 Panama 1948United States of America
1994 Paraguay 1948 ASIA Year of accession Year of accessionYear of
accessionAsiaPacific Trade Agreement (6) - APTA Philippines 1967
Gulf Cooperation Council (6) - GCCBangladesh1975Singapore 1967
Bahrain1981China 2001Thailand1967 Kuwait 1981India 1975Viet Nam1995
Oman 1981Lao Peoples DemocraticQatar1981Republic1975Economic
Cooperation Organization (10) - Saudi Arabia 1981Republic of Korea
1975ECOUnited Arab Emirates 1981Sri Lanka 1975Afghanistan
1992Azerbaijan1992 South Asian Association forAssociation of
South-East Asian Iran (Islamic Republic of)1985 Regional
Cooperation (8) - SAARCNations (10) - ASEANKazakhstan1992
Afghanistan2007Brunei Darussalam1984 Kyrgyzstan1992 Bangladesh
1985Cambodia 1999 Pakistan1985 Bhutan 1985Indonesia1967
Tajikistan1992 India1985Lao Peoples Democratic Turkey1985 Maldives
1985Republic 1997 Turkmenistan1992 Nepal1985Malaysia 1967
Uzbekistan1992 Pakistan 1985Myanmar1997Sri Lanka1985EUROPEYear of
accessionYear of accessionYear of accessionEuropean Free Trade
Association (3) -Hungary2004 Euro area (17)EFTA Ireland1973
Austria2002Iceland 1970 Italy1957 Belgium2002Norway1960 Latvia 2004
Cyprus 2008Switzerland 1960 Lithuania2004 Estonia2011 Luxembourg
1957 Finland2002European Union (27) - EU Malta2004 France
2002Austria1995Netherlands1957 Germany2002Belgium1957Poland 2004
Greece 2002Bulgaria 2008Portugal 1986 Ireland2002Cyprus
2004Romania2008 Italy2002Czech Republic 2004Slovakia 2004
Luxembourg 2002Denmark1973Slovenia 2004
Malta2008Estonia2004Spain1986 Netherlands2002Finland1995Sweden 1995
Portugal 2002France 1957United Kingdom 1973 Slovakia
2009Germany1957Slovenia 2007Greece 1981Spain2002xix 20.
DISTRIBUTION OF ECONOMIES BY TRADE GROUPOCEANIA Year of
accessionMelanesia Spearhead Group (4) - MSGFiji 1998Papua New
Guinea 1993Solomon Islands1993Vanuatu1993DISTRIBUTION OF ECONOMIES
BY INTERREGIONAL GROUPINGAfrican, Caribbean and Pacific Group of
States (79) - ACPAngola GambiaRwandaAntigua and BarbudaGhana Saint
Kitts and NevisBahamasGrenada Saint LuciaBarbados GuineaSaint
Vincent and the GrenadinesBelize Guinea-Bissau SamoaBeninGuyanaSao
Tome and PrincipeBotswana Haiti SenegalBurkina Faso Jamaica
SeychellesBurundiKenya Sierra LeoneCameroon KiribatiSolomon
IslandsCape Verde Lesotho SomaliaCentral African Republic Liberia
South AfricaChad
MadagascarSudanComorosMalawiSurinameCongoMaliSwazilandCook Islands
Marshall IslandsTimor-LesteCte dIvoireMauritaniaTogoCuba Mauritius
TongaDemocratic Republic of the Congo Micronesia (Federated States
of ) Trinidad and TobagoDjibouti MozambiqueUgandaDominica Namibia
United Republic of TanzaniaDominican Republic Nauru
VanuatuEquatorial GuineaNiger ZambiaEritreaNigeria ZimbabweEthiopia
NiueFiji PalauGabonPapua New Guinea Year of accession Year of
accessionYear of accessionAsia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (21) -
Black Sea Economic Cooperation (12) - Commonwealth of
IndependentAPEC BSECStates (11) - CISAustralia1989Albania
1992Armenia1991Brunei Darussalam1989Armenia 1992Azerbaijan
1991Canada
1989Azerbaijan1992Belarus1991Chile1994Bulgaria1992Kazakhstan
1991China1991Georgia 1992Kyrgyzstan 1991Hong Kong, Special
Greece1992Republic of Moldova1991Administrative Region of China
1991Republic of Moldova 1992Russian Federation
1991Indonesia1989Romania 1992Tajikistan 1991Japan1989Russian
Federation1992Turkmenistan 1991Malaysia
1989Serbia2004Ukraine1991Mexico 1993Turkey1992Uzbekistan 1991New
Zealand1989Ukraine 1992Papua New Guinea 1993Peru
1998Philippines1989Republic of Korea1989Russian Federation
1998Singapore1989Taiwan Province of China 1991Thailand 1989United
States of America 1989Viet Nam 1998xx 21. ABBREVIATIONS AND
ACRONYMSACPAfrican, Caribbean and Pacific Group of
StatesANCOMAndean CommunityAPEC AsiaPacific Economic
CooperationAPTA Asia-Pacific Trade Agreement (former Bangkok
Agreement)ASEANAssociation of South-East Asian NationsBPMBalance of
Payments Manual (IMF)BSEC Black Sea Economic CooperationCACM
Central American Common MarketCARICOMCaribbean CommunityCCSA
Committee for the Coordination of Statistical
ActivitiesCEMACEconomic and Monetary Community of Central
AfricaCEPGLEconomic Community of the Great Lakes Countriesc.i.f.
cost, insurance and freightCISCommonwealth of Independent
StatesCOMESA Common Market for Eastern and Southern
AfricaDACDevelopment Assistance Committee (of OECD)DRSDebtor
Reporting SystemEACEast African CommunityECCASEconomic Community of
Central African StatesECEEconomic Commission for
EuropeECLACEconomic Commission for Latin America and the
CaribbeanECOEconomic Cooperation OrganizationECOWAS Economic
Community of West African StatesEFTA European Free Trade
AssociationEIUEconomic Intelligence UnitESCAPEconomic and Social
Commission for Asia and the PacificESCWAEconomic and Social
Commission for Western AsiaEU European Unionexcl.excludingFAOFood
and Agriculture Organization of the United NationsFDIforeign direct
investmentf.o.b. free on boardFTAA Free Trade Area of the
AmericasGATS General Agreement on Trade in ServicesGCCGulf
Cooperation CouncilGDPgross domestic productGFCF gross fixed
capital formationGNPgross national productHIPC heavily indebted
poor countriesHS Harmonized SystemILOInternational Labour
OrganizationIMFInternational Monetary FundLAIA Latin American
Integration AssociationLDCleast developed countryMERCOSUR Mercado
Comn del SurMFNmost favoured nationMRUMano River UnionMSGMelanesia
Spearhead GroupNAFTANorth American Free Trade Agreementn.e.s. not
elsewhere specifiedNIEnewly industrialized economiesn.i.e. not
included elsewhereNPISHs non-profit institutions serving
householdsOA official aidOASOrganization of American
StatesODAofficial development assistanceOECD Organization for
Economic Cooperation and DevelopmentOECS Organization of Eastern
Caribbean StatesOOFother official flowsOPEC Organization of the
Petroleum Exporting CountriesSAARCSouth Asian Association for
Regional CooperationSADC Southern African Development
CommunitySARSpecial Administrative RegionSDRspecial drawing
rightSFRSocialist Federative Republic of Yugoslavia (former)SIDS
Small Island Developing StatesSITC Standard International Trade
ClassificationTFYR The former Yugoslav Republic of
MacedoniaTNCtransnational corporationTRAINS Trade Analysis and
Information SystemUMAArab Maghreb UnionUN/DESA/SD United Nations
Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistics DivisionUNDP
United Nations Development ProgrammeUNESCO United Nations
Educational, Scientific and Cultural OrganizationUNICEF United
Nations Childrens FundUSSR Union of Soviet Socialist
RepublicsWAEMUWest African Economic and Monetary UnionWITS World
Integrated Trade SolutionWTOWorld Trade Organization xxi 22. NOTES
GNRALESCes notes gnrales prsentent le contenu de chaque tableau du-
Dimportantes diffrences peuvent exister entre la destinationManuel
de statistiques ainsi que les modifications introduitesdes
exportations dclare par les pays exportateurs et ladans cette
nouvelle dition, sil y a lieu. destination relle telle quindique
dans les statistiquesLes tableaux inclus dans cette publication
constituent un dimportation.rsum analytique des sries
chronologiques compltes publiesdans le Manuel de statistiques 2011
de la CNUCED sur DVD. TROISIME PARTIE Commerce international des
marchandises par produits PREMIRE PARTIELe tableau 3.1 fournit la
structure des exportations et des Commerce international des
marchandisesimportations des pays par produits classs en 9 groupes
(total,Les tableaux 1.1 donnent la valeur des exportations (f.a.b.)
et des produits alimentaires, matires premires dorigine
agricole,importations (c.a.f.) totales de marchandises, exprime en
millions combustibles, minerais et mtaux, produits manufacturs,
dontde dollars et en pourcentage du monde, des pays et
rgionsproduits chimiques, machines et matriel de transport,
articlesgographiques (1.1.1), groupements conomiques (1.1.2) et
manufacturs divers) pour plusieurs annes.groupements commerciaux
(1.1.3). Les flux du commerceLes tableaux 3.2A, B et C prsentent
respectivement lesprsents dans le tableau 1.1.1 se rfrent au Systme
du exportations par produits du monde, des conomies enCommerce
Gnral, lexception des pays et territoires qui dveloppement et
dveloppes, un niveau trs dtaill (CTCIutilisent le Systme du
Commerce Spcial et qui sont munis dun rvision 3, position trois
chiffres). Les parts que reprsenteastrisque. Le Systme du Commerce
Gnral est utilis lorsquechaque produit dans les exportations du
monde et de la rgion,le territoire statistique dun pays concide
avec son territoiresont calcules pour chaque groupe dconomies,
ainsi que leconomique, et en consquence, les importations
comprennent taux annuel de croissance et lcart de ce dernier par
rapport autous les biens admis sur le territoire du pays dclarant
et les taux de croissance mondial.exportations tous les biens qui
le quittent. Le Systme du Le tableau 3.2D tablit, pour chaque
conomie, la liste desCommerce Spcial est utilis lorsque le
territoire statistique neprincipaux produits quelle exporte (CTCI
rvision 3, position comprend quune partie du territoire conomique
lintrieur detrois chiffres). La part de chaque produit dans le
total deslaquelle les biens peuvent tre couls librement sans
restrictionexportations du pays, de la rgion et du monde est
galementdouanire . Dans ce cas, les importations comprennent tous
lesindique.biens qui entrent dans la zone de libre circulation du
paysdclarant, cest--dire qui ont t ddouans pour mise la Le tableau
3.2E liste les plus gros exportateurs de 70consommation et les
exportations comprennent tous les biens qui produits parmi les
produits les plus exports par les conomiesquittent la zone de libre
circulation du pays dclarant.en dveloppement (CTCI rvision 3,
position trois chiffres),ainsi que les parts correspondantes dans
le commerce mondial.Les taux dvolution annuels moyens du
commerceinternational des marchandises, calculs partir des valeurs
desLe tableau 3.3 fournit les indices de concentration et
detableaux 1.1, figurent dans les tableaux 1. 2.changements
structurels des exportations et des importationsdes produits au
niveau de la CTCI (rvision 3, position troisLes tableaux 1.3
prsentent les balances commerciales chiffres). Le premier
indicateur a vocation montrer comment le(exportations f.a.b. moins
importations c.a.f.), ainsi que ces mmesmarch dun produit est
concentr sur quelques pays ou rpartibalances en pourcentage des
importations des pays, rgionsde faon plus homogne entre les pays.
Lindicateur degographiques et groupements conomiques. changement
structurel indique si la rpartition du commerce dunLe tableau 1.4
indique limportance des changes entre pays produit entre les pays
exportateurs ou importateurs a connu unemembres de groupements
commerciaux par rapport auxvolution importante par rapport une anne
de rfrence.exportations rgionales et totales de ces groupements.
Les totaux du commerce international des marchandisesprsents dans
les tableaux de cette troisime partie peuventaussi tre diffrents
des donnes des premire et deuxime DEUXIME PARTIEparties pour les
raisons prcdemment cites, auxquelles il Commerce international des
marchandises par rgionsconvient dajouter des marges dexportations
et dimportationsLe tableau 2.1 prsente la structure des
exportations et desnon distribues par groupes de produits ou
lutilisation deimportations des pays par rgions de destination et
dorigine. Le nomenclatures diffrentes de produits par le pays
exportateur etplus grand nombre possible de pays en dveloppement
sont inclus le pays importateur.tandis que les partenaires
commerciaux sont regroups en 14groupes considrs comme
particulirement importants pourlanalyse du commerce
international.QUATRIME PARTIELes tableaux 2.2 (A L) indiquent la
structure des exportationsIndicateurs du commerce international des
marchandisespar destination ainsi que des importations par origine
et par Les tableaux 4.1 contiennent les rsultats du calcul des
indicesgroupes de produits pour le monde et une slection de 12de
concentration et de diversification des pays, rgionsgroupements de
pays. Le tableau fournit une information dtaille gographiques et
groupements conomiques. Cet indice desur le rseau du commerce
international avec le monde, 19 concentration a vocation montrer
comment les exportations etrgions dorigine et de destination, et
pour six diffrents groupes deimportations dun pays ou groupe de
pays sont concentres surproduits. quelques produits ou rparties de
faon plus homogne sur uneLes totaux du commerce international des
marchandises gamme de produits. Lindicateur de diversification
indique si laprsents dans les tableaux des premire et deuxime
parties ne structure par produits des exportations ou importations
dun payssont pas strictement comparables en raison de sources ou
groupe de pays diverge de la structure par produits
observecomplmentaires mais diffrentes et dune marge dexportations
et au niveau du monde.dimportations non distribues, en dpit des
efforts dploys pourLes tableaux 4.2 fournissent les indices de
volume desrpartir les flux commerciaux par destinations et
origines. exportations et des importations compltant ainsi
linformation enLes exportations ventiles par destinations peuvent
accuser unvaleur disponible dans les tableaux 1.1 et 1.2, les
indices de lacart parfois considrable par rapport aux importations
dclares valeur unitaire des exportations et importations ainsi que
lespar les pays destinataires en raison de divers facteurs dont les
plus indices de termes de lchange et le pouvoir dachat
desimportants sont les suivants :exportations drivs des indices de
valeur unitaire. Ces indicessont calculs au niveau des pays et
rgions gographiques (4.2.1)- Les importations sont dclares en
principe valeur c.a.f. pluttet des groupements conomiques
(4.2.2).que valeur f.a.b.;Afin damliorer la couverture des donnes
et spcialement pour- Les importations de marchandises peuvent
arriver destinationles annes rcentes, la mthode suivante a t
utilise pour leet tre enregistres longtemps aprs la date de
leurcalcul des valeurs unitaires :enregistrement lexportation ;- Un
ensemble dindices de prix moyens au niveau des groupes dela CTCI
(rvision 3, position 3 chiffres) a t construit en utilisantdes
donnes provenant de UNCTADstat Statistiques des produits xxii 23.
NOTES GNRALESde base, des sources internationales et nationales
ainsi que des SIXIME PARTIEestimations du secrtariat de la
CNUCED.Produits de base- Au niveau des pays individuels, les
indices de la valeur unitaireLe tableau 6.1 donne les indices
annuels et trimestriels de prix enont t calculs en utilisant comme
pondration les valeurs desdollars courants sur le march libre dune
slection de produitsexportations et des importations de lanne
courante disponibles de base exports par les conomies en
dveloppement. Cesdans la table 3.2 au niveau de la CTCI (rvision 3,
position 3 indices sont aussi disponibles au niveau des groupes de
produitschiffres). de base suivants : produits alimentaires,
boissons tropicales,Dans certains cas ces indices peuvent diffrer
des estimations huiles et graines olagineuses, matires premires
doriginepublies dans les sources officielles, le but principal tant
de fournir agricole, minraux, minerais et mtaux ainsi quun indice
dedes estimations approximatives et comparables pour la plupart
deslensemble. Les pondrations ont t calcules partir de lapays en
dveloppement. valeur des exportations des pays en dveloppement de
1999 Le tableau 4.3 contient les donnes sur les droits de
douane2001 et les indices en utilisant 2000=100 comme anne de
base.NPF moyens appliqus limportation des principales catgoriesLe
tableau 6.2 complte linformation sur les prix des produitsde
produits non-agricoles et non-ptroliers, par marchs individuels.de
base par les indices dinstabilit et les tendances de prix sur le
march libre dune slection de produits de base ayant une importance
particulire pour les conomies en dveloppement. CINQUIME
PARTIECommerce international des servicesLes tableaux 5.1.1, 5.1.2
et 5.1.3 prsentent la valeur desSEPTIME PARTIEexportations et des
importations totales des services par pays, Finance
internationalepar rgions gographiques, groupements conomiques
etgroupements commerciaux. Les tableaux incluent les valeurs des
Les tableaux 7.1.1, 7.1.2 et 7.1.3 fournissent les valeurs
deexportations (crdits) et des importations (dbits) des services
compte courant net par pays, par rgions et par groupementsqui
proviennent des statistiques sur les transactionsconomiques et
commerciaux. Les chiffres sont prsents eninternationales de
services, telles quelles sont prsentes dansmillions de dollars,
ainsi quen pourcentage du produit intrieurles Statistiques de la
balance des paiements du FMI. Les brut. Le compte des transactions
courantes de la balance desservices sont dfinis comme rendements
conomiques depaiements recouvre toutes les transactions entre
entitsproduits intangibles qui peuvent tre produits, transfrs
etrsidentes et non-rsidentes de lconomie dclarante. Enconsomms au
mme moment. Cependant, les servicesgnral, la balance du compte
courant indique la diffrence entrerecouvrent un groupe large et
htrogne de produits etles recettes et les paiements pour les biens,
les services et lesdactivits que lon peut difficilement englober
dans une dfinition.revenus faisant partie des transactions
internationales. De mme,Parfois, la dmarcation entre services et
marchandises nest pas de la perspective nationale, la balance du
compte courantaise. Les services sont produits sur commande et
ontreprsente lcart entre les pargnes nationales etgnralement pour
rsultat un changement des conditions deslinvestissement
intrieur.consommateurs qui ont demand ces services. Pour que la Les
tableaux 7.2.1, 7.2.2 et 7.2.3 sont consacrs auxproduction dun
service soit termine, il doit tre fourni auinvestissements directs
en provenance de ltranger (IED). Ilsconsommateur.reprsentent les
flux entrants et sortants de lIED par pays etLes chiffres couvrent
les 11 catgories principales de
servicesrgionsgographiques,groupements conomiquesetconformment la
dfinition du Manuel de la balance des groupements commerciaux. Les
chiffres correspondent auxpaiements du FMI (MBP5, 1993). Ces
catgories comprennent :donnes contenues dans lAnnexe statistique du
Worldles transports; les voyages; les communications; le btiment
etInvestment Report 2011 de la CNUCED. Linvestissementles travaux
publics; les assurances; les services financiers;tranger direct
(IED) est un investissement impliquant unelinformatique et
linformation; les redevances et droits de licence;relation long
terme et tmoignant de lintrt durable duneles autres services aux
entreprises; les services personnels,entit rsidant dans un pays
(investisseur tranger direct ouculturels et relatifs aux loisirs;
et les services fournis ou reus parsocit mre) lgard dune entreprise
rsidant dans un autreles administrations publiques. De manire
gnrale, les difficultspays (entreprise bnficiaire, entreprise
affilie, ou encore filiale mesurer statistiquement la valeur du
commerce des services trangre). Cet investissement englobe la fois
la transactionpersistent et les donnes de la balance des paiements
sur lesinitiale entre les deux entits et toutes les transactions
ultrieuresservices peuvent tre infrieures la valeur des
transactions entre elles et entre filiales trangres, quelles soient
constituesrelles. Les agrgats inclus dans le tableau 5.1
comprennent les ou non en socits. Lentreprise dinvestissement
direct estvaleurs manquantes, estimes par le secrtariat de la
CNUCED,dfinie comme une entreprise dote ou non de la