UCCB

Source of References In my interest to pursue a Law Degree relevant to the Commonwealth, I applied to two schools, being London University and Harvard University, which I instead, covered the Modern Day Syllabus, engaging in the functioning of Business Law, written at a Judges prospective and Hospitality Law, published for the American Hotel and Motel Association, thus specializing in the Law of the entire Hospitality Industry. As it was then my interest, I qualified thereafter in the production of other areas, entailing my initial training in a Business Law course at Cape Breton University, where I was trained in the Law practices, involving Cases, specifically tailored to Nova Scotia. In the year 1990, I enrolled in the Canadian Certified General Accountant's program of Canada, corresponding through, the University of British Columbia, located in Vancouver, B.C. Canada, where I underwent two years of Business Training at the Provo Power Company, an incorporated company registered in the Turks and Caicos Islands, trained by Mr. Paul A. Kott, at the time General Manager and Board member of the company, at the time he was also chairman of the board of the Provo Health Medical Center a Medical Clinic in Providenciales, presided by Dr Frank Gilbert-M.D. of the United States, sitting examinations at Coopers & Lybrand at their Providenciales office, supervised by the resident partner, Mr. Joseph P. Connolly, former manager of the Freeport Office based in Grand Bahama-Bahamas. In the same year 1990, I joined Ramada, International, North America, Latin America, Caribbean region as management trainee, supervised by internal management, under the direction of the Human Resource Director of the said region, which at such time the office was located in Phoenix Arizona, which moved later to Miami Florida, to whom this Director then promoted to Vice-President of Human Resources, responsible for the said region. I worked with this organization until 1994, full-time and at some point on overseas training at a Canadian University. In 1992 to 1994, I joined the University College of Cape Breton, now Cape Breton University on attachment with Ramada International, training in the management and service areas of the Hospitality Industry. During my training, I performed work sessions at Holiday Inn and Delta Sydney Hotel. The training encompassed structured courses in Hotel and Motel Management, Financial Accounting, Business Organization and Management, Food and Beverage Management, Business Mathematics, Communications, Keyboarding, Food Service Management, Managerial Accounting, Marketing, Food Production Management, Front Desk/Night Audit, Beverage Management, Housekeeping and Information Retrieval. Throughout this program, I had the opportunity of working along with the local and International students of the school in aspects of hosting Conventions, with various Business-persons from the Community. In the winter of 1993, I completed a Business plan, Caribbean Seafood Limited, a Conch Production, Sales and Research project, to incorporate the purchase of the Caicos Conch Farm of Providenciales, which is an entrepreneur enterprise aimed at growing Conch from egg mass to meat edible by its consumers; presented as part of my course work to Mr. Fred White, the

Business Organization and Management Instructor and also one presented in the blind to Mrs. Gail Muir, at the time Chairperson of the Hospitality Administration program, which assistance was provided by Mrs. Elizabeth (Betty) Cooper, a member of the Canadian Institute of Chartered Accountants, who at the time occupied the position of Financial Controller, with additional responsibilities for the General Audit of the University College of Cape Breton, who had formally occupied the Instructor position for many aspects of Business in the Management and Administration program, which her background included office management, external audit, management consultancy, offshore finance, Financial Reporting, Systems Management, Training and Development and General Management of a specified Company. She obtained her experience, initially from the firm Touché and Ross, now Touché and Deloitte. In the spring of 1993, I enrolled in the Laws and Business Administration program of Canada, lectured in the Laws aspects of Law Freedom and Society-Law and Conscience, Natural Law, Laws of Nature and Laws of Human Conduct, Natural Law under Attack-Legal Positivism, Purposes of a Legal System, Challenging the Purposes of a Legal System, Marxism, The Golden Mean, Jeremy Benthem, Social Engineering, Law as an Instrument of Social Change, (ii.) The Role of the Courts, as Arbiter of the Constitution, as Interpreter of Legislation, as Protector of Civil Liberties, As Arbiter of Disputes between Private Parties, Legal Realism, (iii.) The Machinery of Justice, relating to who makes the Law? Substantive and Procedural Law, Public and Private Law, The Civil Law and the Common Law, The theory of Precedent, The Sources of Law, The System of Courts in England, The System of Courts in Canada, The System of Courts in the United States, Using the Courts, The Legal Profession, (iv.) The Law of Torts, realizing the scope of Tort Law, Development of the Tort Concept, Basis for Liability, Negligence, Special Aspects of Negligence and other Torts, v. Professional Liability relating to the role of the Professionals, The Legal Dilemma, Defining the Scope of the Professional Duty of Care, The Expansion of Professional Liability, Setting Standards for Professional Services, Causation as a Requirement for Liability, The Role of Professional Organizations, (vi.) Formation of a Contract-Offer and Acceptance, The Role of Contract Laws, The nature of a Contract, The nature of an Offer, The Communication of an Offer, An Offer Made by Tendering a written Document to the Offeree, The Lapse and Revocation of an Offer, Rejection and Counter-offer by the Offeree, The Elements of Acceptance, Transactions between Parties at a Distance from Each Other, Unilateral and Bilateral Contracts, Precision in the Wording of an Offer, The Effect of an Incomplete Agreement, (vii.) Formation of a Contract: Consideration, and Intention to Create Legal Relations, The Meaning of Consideration, Gratuitous Promises, Adequacy of Consideration, Motive Contrasted with Consideration: Past Consideration, Relation between Existing Legal Duty and Consideration, Gratuitous Reduction of a Debt, Injurious Reliance (Equitable Estoppel), The Effect of a Request for Goods or Services, The Use of the Seal, an Intention to Create Legal relations, (viii.) The Formation of a Contract: Capacity to Contract, The meaning of Capacity to Contract, Minors (or Infants), Other Persons of Diminished Contractual Capacity, Corporations, Labor Unions, Married Women, Enemy Aliens, Native Peoples, Bankrupt Debtors, (ix.) Formation of a Contract, Legality of Object, The Role of Legality in the Formation of a Contract, The Difference between a Void and an Illegal Contract, Contracts Affected by Statue, Contracts Illegal by Common Law and Public Policy, Agreements in Restraint of Trade, Unfair Trade Practices, (x.) Grounds upon Which a Contract May Be

Impeached: Mistake, The Restricted meaning of Mistake, Mistakes about the Terms, Mistakes in Assumptions, Mistake and Innocent Third Parties, Mistakes in Performance, (xi.) Grounds Upon Which a Contract May Be Impeached: Misrepresentation, Undue Influence, and Duress, Misrepresentation and Torts, Misrepresentation and Contracts, Consequences of Misrepresentation in Contracts, Misrepresentation and Contracts, Consequences of Misrepresentation by Omission, Contracts Requiring Utmost Good Faith, Undue Influence, Duress, (xii.) The requirement of Writing, The Distinction between Substance and Form, The Types of Contract Affected by the Statute of Frauds, Essentials of a Written Memorandum, The Effect of the Statute on Contracts within its Scope, The Doctrine of Part Performance, Evidence Required by the Sale of Goods Act, Consumer Protection Legislation. (xiii.) The Interpretation of Contracts, The Relationship between Formation and Interpretation of Contracts, The Interpretation of Express Terms, The Parole Evidence Rule, Implied Terms as a Method of Interpretation, (xiv.) Privaty of Contract and the Assignment of Contractual Rights, Privaty of Contract, Novation, Vicarious Performance, Trusts, Exceptions to the Privaty of Contract Rule, The Nature of an Assignment of Rights, Equitable Assignments, Statutory Assignments, Notice to the Promisor, The Assignee's Title, Assignments by Operation of Law, Negotiable Instruments, (xv.) The Discharge of Contracts, The Ways in which a Contract May Be Discharged, Discharge by Performance, Discharge by Agreement, Discharge by Frustration, Discharge by Operation of Law, (xvi.) The Effect of Breach, Implications of Breach, How Breach May Occur, Express Repudiation, One Party Renders Performance Impossible, Failure of Performance, Possible Criminal Consequences of Breach, The Business Significance of Breach, (xvii.) Implications of Breach, How Breach May Occur, Express Repudiation, One Party Renders Performance Impossible, Failure of Performance, Possible Criminal Consequences of Breach, (xvii.) Remedies of Breach, Types of Remedies, Damages, The Measurement of Damages, Equitable Remedies, Quantum Meruit, Methods of Enforcing Judgment, (xviii.) The Contract of Sale: Its Nature and Effect, The Sale of Goods Act, Terms in a Contract of Sale, Title to Goods, The Bill of Lading, (xix.) The Contract of Sale: Remedies of the Seller, Scope of the Seller's Liability, Common Law Remedies of the Buyer, Consumer Protection Legislation, (xx.) Insurance and Guarantee, The Nature of Insurance, Insurance Terminology, Statute Law Regulating Insurance, Insurance on Business Premises and Other Assets, Insurance on the Operation of the Business Enterprise, Insurance for Employees, The Need for Complete Insurance Protection, Special Aspects of the Contract of Insurance, Co-Insurance, The Guarantee, (xxi.) Bailment, The nature of Bailment, Liability of a Bailee, Remedies of a Bailee for the Value of Services Rendered, Storage and Safekeeping, Work on a Chattel, Transportation, Hotelkeepers or Innkeepers, Pledge or Pawn, Hire or use of a Chattel, Finders, (xxii.) Principal and Agent, The Nature of Agency, The Ways in which an Agency Relationship Can Be Established, (xxiii) The Contract of Employment, Development of the Law Governing Employment, Relationship of Master and Servant, The Employer's Liability, Notice of Termination of Individual Employment Contracts, Grounds for Dismissal without Notice, Wrongful Dismissal, Employee Welfare Legislation, Collective Bargaining, Labor Disputes, Implications of the Collective Agreement for the Individual Employee, The Legal Status of Trade Unions. (xxiv) Negotiable Instruments: Their Nature, Uses, and Enforcement, Development, Governing Legislation, Negotiable Instruments as Personal Property, Types and Uses of Negotiable Instruments, Prerequisites for Liability, Meaning and Essentials of

Negotiability, The Legal Significance of an Instrument that is Not Negotiable, Methods of Negotiation, Endorsement, The Liability of Endorser, The Liability of a Drawer, Notice of Dishonor, Liability of the Transferor by Delivery, Liability of the Acceptor and Maker, The Statute of Limitations, The Holder in Due Course, The Meaning of Defenses, Mere Personal Defenses, Defect of Title Defenses, Real Defenses, Consumer Bills and Notes, Future Developments, (xxv.) Intellectual Property, The Nature of Intellectual Property, Forms of Intellectual Property, Trademarks, Copyright, Patents, Industrial Designs, Confidential Information, Trade Secrets, and Know-how, Technological Change and Intellectual Property Law, (xxvi.) Interests in Land and Their Transfer, The Nature of Interests in Land, Estates in Time, Interests Less than Estates, Adverse Possession, The Transfer of Interests in Land, The Recording of Interests in Land, (xxvii.) Landlord and Tenant, The Nature of the Relationship, Classes of Tenancies, Covenants, Remedies for Breach of Covenant, Termination and Renewal of a Tenancy, Fixtures, Oral Leases, Transfer of the Landlord's Interest, Leasebacks, Residential Tenancies, (xxviii.) Mortgages of Land, The Concept of the Mortgage, The Development of Mortgage Law, Rights of the Mortgage and Mortgagee and Mortgager under Common Law and Equity, The Mortgagee's Remedy of Sale upon Default, Sale by a Mortgagor of His or Her Interest, Second Mortgages, Mortgagee's Rights Compared with Rights of Other Creditors, The Mortgage as a Contract and as a Transfer of an Interest in Land, Provincial Variations, A Typical Real Estate Transaction, (xxix.) Partnership, The Partnership Act, The Nature of Partnership, The Relation of Partners to One Another, Termination of Partnership, The Partnership Agreement,Registration of Partnerships, Limited Partnership, (xxx.) The nature of a Corporation and its Composition, The Nature of a Corporation, The Significance of a Separate Corporate Existence, Limitations on Separate Corporate Existence, Methods of Incorporation, Broadly Held and Closely Held Corporations, The Joint Venture or Consortium, The Constitution of a Corporation, Nature of Corporate Securities, (xxxi.) Management and Operations of a Corporation, Liability for Acts of its Agents, Duties of Directors, Duties of Promoters, Rights of Shareholders, The Protection of Minority Shareholders, Protection of Creditors, Securities Legislation, Corporate Reorganization, Mergers, and Winding Up, (xxxii) Legal Devices for Securing Credit, Secured Transactions, Conditional Sales, Chattel Mortgages, Effect of Security Interests on Innocent Purchasers for Value, Effect of Security Interests on Other Creditors of a Debtor, Floating Charges, Personal Property Security Legislation, Types of Security for Bank Loans, Bank Credit Cards, (xxxiii.) Creditors' Rights, Statutory Arrangements for Protection of Creditors, The Bankruptcy Act, Administration and Settlement of a Bankrupt's Affairs, Inadequacies of the Bankruptcy Act, Other Methods of Liquidation, Protection of Creditors' Rights in a Bulk Sale, Mechanics' Liens and Limitations of Creditors, which some of the contents of this course was covered at the University College of Cape Breton, in the Financial Accounting Course, Business Organization and Management Course, Corporate research at the Q.C. Law firm Khatter & Khatter and Banking Laws relevant to Credit communicating with the Accounts Manager of the Royal Bank of Canada, developing Insurance plans for Companies, working along with a former Senior Vice-President of Lloyds of London; the largest Insurance Company in the World, Partnership Laws at the Pierson High School in South Caicos on the recommendation of the Director of International Studies of the University College of Cape Breton, with Hospitality Law tutored by a Lecturer from the University of North Carolina, of the United

States of America, who taught part-time at the Turks and Caicos Islands Community College, while he worked as Legal Receiver for the then Turquoise Reef Resort and Casino. Communication of the Law aspects of employment, through verbal Communications with the Immigration Officer, R.J. Leblanc at the Canada Immigration Center of the Ministry of Employment and Immigration Canada and actual work performed with Ramada Turquoise Reef Resort and Casino, and with the Club Med Regional Office, at the time located in Nassau Bahamas, working with the American Embassy, Labor Unions and Employment and Immigration while in Human Resources working out of this Office. I also underwent Diplomatic Research at the Attorney General's Office in Grand Turk, Turks and Caicos Islands, British West Indies, on attachment with the University College of Cape Breton. Throughout my training, I have obtained a variety of skills tailoring to managing Businesses of a Partnership, Corporation, and Government, in the Service and Product aspects, dealing from Industrial, Educational to Technological. As to my featured focus, I now generate an interest in the Harvard’s MBA program, where I want to specialize in General Management. Dr. Larry Lamard Garland MBA, MS, BA, Dipl. Cert.,Old Airport Road, South Caicos, Turks & Caicos Islands BWI, Telephone: 649-344-3213, Email: [email protected] or [email protected] CGA-Caribbean Inc. Certified General Accountants Association for the Caribbean First Floor Old Townhall Building, Cheapside, St. Michael BB11142 Barbados Reference: University transfer of credit Specialized work with an International body while employed by the Government of the Turks and Caicos islands Government, included performance of supervised work with the Aeronautical Flight Information Services (AIS) Office, such as filing Flight Plans, through the use of the Aeronautical Fixed Telecommunications Network, preparation of Notams, Airacs and Aeronautical Information Publications (AIP) obtaining Meteorological Information from the Met Office involving calculating Relative Humidity and Dew Point, via reference to the Wet Bulb and Dry Bulb temperature, Wind Speed and Direction, by use of the Wind Sock, Winds Aloft, High and Low Pressure Systems, including analysis of Cold Fronts, Upper Level Troughs, study of the Corioiles Force, Jet Streams, Barometric pressures, Systems, including Hurricanes, usage of Metar Codes, Cloud Sky interpretation in the form of Octaves and Cloud Description and Sea Tides Highs and Lows, and collecting, collating, editing and discriminating Aeronautical Information for the smooth flow of Air Traffic Services and also worked in the Adams Air Traffic Control Tower managing small medium and heavy aircraft. eg. Piper Navajo, Cherokee, Aztec, Seneca, Cheyenne, Mojave, Chieftain, Panther, Cessena, 150’s, 182’2, 206’s, 210’s, 340’s, 401’s, 402’s, 414’s, 421’s, 441’s, 442’s, 500’s 501,s, Gates Learjets

24, 25, 35, 36, 55, Boeing 707, 727, 737, 747, Mcdonald Douglas DC -3, -9, -10, -6, -7, - 4, -8, MD-80, Lockheed Tristar (L1011), Hercules L 400, Dehaviland Dash Series, Gulfstreams (G4), Sabreliners, WestWinds, Mooneys, Malibu, Trinidadiar and other Commercial, Executive and Sports Aircraft, under Air Traffic Management Supervision, also managing the Ground movements on the Apron, taxiway and Runways, in addition monitored the work activities of the Terminal radar Approach Controllers, whom manages Airspace with an Upper Level of 20,000 feet relative to ICAO Standard Atmospheric Pressure 29.92 inches for IFR Flights utilizing longitudinal, Lateral, vertical and horizontal separations, providing Radar Vectors, monitoring by way of Radar Screen, receiving the transponder codes identifying the aircraft’s position and altitude through the signals received from the secondary surveillance radar, within the School yard of Barbados School of Air Traffic Services. At this school I underwent training in the Management of the Terminal Control Area, in the discipline of Air Traffic Control, Non-Radar Approach, Area, Aerodrome, Ground Control, Flight Data, and Air Traffic Control Coordination, supervised by my Instructors, and Air Traffic Control Supervisors. I also worked in South Caicos Control Tower, as an Air Traffic Controller Assistant, within the Aerodrome Control Tower, Licensed by the Civil Aviation Department of the Turks and Caicos Islands, British Government as an Aeronautical Flight Information Service Officer Air Traffic Control (AFISO) Serial # DCA-15, with the Certificate rating for South Caicos Control Tower, with added experience in the Instrument Flight rating working with Grand Turk Approach Control and Miami Air Route Traffic Control Center, which my position allowed me to work unsupervised in the Tower, reporting to the Deputy Director of the Civil Aviation Department responsible for Operations. The Operations allowed me to work with Miami Center whom Area, Control, extends over Cuba, Haiti, Dominican Republic, Turks and Caicos, Bahamas, Cayman Islands and Jamaica.

Dr. Larry Lamard Garland PhD MBA MS BA (Professional) Dipl. - Hospitality Management - Rooms

Division Management/Info. Tech, Cert. - Hotel Management Training, Air Traffic Controller Training,

Human Resources Management Certificate Club Med Employment (Professional),Old Airport Road, South Caicos, Turks and Caicos Islands, Telephone: 649-431-0110, Turks & Caicos Islands

Government South Caicos(Aerodrome/Area/Approach), Email: [email protected] or [email protected]

Employment Application

Dear Sir/Madam:

I am Larry Lamard Garland; a Doctorate Degree Accountant, kindly asking your recommendation for the position of Assistant Manager/Accountant with the East Bay Hotel in South Caicos, Turks and Caicos Islands, presuming operations in June of this year 2015. I am currently training to qualify in the Certified General Accountant (CGA) Association program for the Caribbean, merging with other entities, being the Canadian Institute of Chartered Accountants, the Certified Management Accountants Association of Canada, programming towards the Chartered Professional Accountant’s Association of the Caribbean. This program is a professional program designed to graduate the best. This program interest my justified focus of promotion of businesses to satisfy economic development, producing changes as to the training prospect of managing all of our people’s needs, targeting the atmosphere to generate more jobs. Designated with this program arise my Aviation Management training, Certified and trained as an Air Traffic Controller, with Tourism and Hospitality Management training, gaining International working experience in the Bahamas with Club Med Bahamas Limited in the definitive area of Human Resources Management and Accounting. During my experience with the Civil Aviation Department of the Turks and Caicos Islands Government, I worked in Barbados, trained as an Air Traffic Controller. While there I was managing billions of dollars of equipment and thousands of lives in the profiled areas of Aerodrome Control, Ground Control and Approach/Area Control in an airspace with 20,000 feet AGL, under professional supervision, which in addition I performed as an Aeronautical Flight Information Service Officer, in which the position I assumed during my employment transfer from South Caicos Tower.

As my management experience equal the area subsiding my initial experience as an air traffic controller, I became detail oriented, allowing the pursuit of career profession tailored to my professional development. As a hotel manager I rose to the highest degree of excellence thus with the stimulus atmosphere enabling me to manage and understand people. The CGA program is a professional accounting, financial, computer and management program that will work to target the selection of ideas, cases and other sources, in this professional world of business. The CGA program has high academic and professional standards and allows a maximum of three years to complete the work internships satisfying the professional, foundational grounding in the basic, advance and professional stage of the program. Bearing the professions international exposure and covering many regional territories, I am sure that I will find employment in my desired areas of choice being that of a Finance/Accounting Manager for the desired Company that employ me, thus where my initial registration allowed me to complete the program in 10 years, now having 6 more years remaining. The CGA can be studied on-line, or selected courses correlated can manage to fulfill the desired focus of the various subject areas. The CGA is a standard body, fulfilling the role for academics, training and professionals, allowing one to sit in their own home or can be anywhere around the world with this special on-line delivery program. As an Accountant, trained and worked as a Cost Controller, I worked as a Management Trainee with Ramada Management at their Turquoise Reef Resort, then situated in Providenciales, Turks and Caicos Islands. In this program, I followed training in Rooms Division, Food and Beverage, Financial Management and Human Resources Management. While there I completed intense in-house training supervised by the Director of Human Resources, Ramada North America Caribbean Region, whom interviewed me and was satisfied with my progress in this Management program. I also underwent formal training in Canada at the Cape Breton University which trained me in numerous disciplines. I also worked as a bartender for three years which allowed me to use my Accounting experience to focus on product prices and cash sales. I worked with Club Med in Nassau Bahamas at their Paradise Island Village as an Assistant Administrative Personnel Manager. As Manager I was under the supervision of the Regional Director for Club Med North America, Latin America Caribbean Region. My Office duties involved hiring, firing, suspending, reconciliations, payroll, communication with the Labour Union, Immigration Department of Nassau, and coordination with United States immigration personnel for Visas and work permit approvals. As a feature of my Education/Training, I am interested in employment with your Organization, to obtain the required experience of the Certified General Accountants Association of the Caribbean to qualify as a Chartered Professional Accountant, with professional and general management exposure with you obtaining quality knowledge to assist in the Management area of your Business.

Summary My name is Larry Lamard Garland, a 45 year old Male, residing in South Caicos, investing my time and interest in the focusable development of people. Since my 15 year residence, after my Providenciales experience, I managed a Hotel, wrote and published books and trained personnel in the areas of Computer Applications. Career Objective To acquire a job with your organization, with concentration on training to become a Chartered Professional Accountant of CPA-Caribbean with additional teaching instruction, allowing me to develop my supervisory skills, specializing in the areas of Corporate Executive Management. Seaview Marina, supervised by the Turks and Caicos Islands Tourist Board: Assistant Manager to the CEO 2000 – 2010 I currently operate as an independent consultant, working with clients providing the services of Computer Repair, Computer Programming. In addition, I work on Accounting, related issues as associated with the Certified General Accountants Association for the Caribbean. My role as Assistant to the Chief Executive Officer for Ocean and Beach Resort allowed me to manage the entity at a Senior Executive Level, with job Responsibilities as Rooms Division Management and Accounting, during the period

Accountant, 1990-2006 The above company provided me employment as an Accountant, with general coverage of Accounting at the Foundational level, supervised by the Company’s CFO. Under PPC Limited License I worked with other employers, within the Management of Operations and Finance, associated with University Training and the Turks and Caicos Government. PPC’s Managers are highly trained Accounting and Finance Professionals whom with my work association provided me very professional experience for the 16 year duration under supervision, which involved a ten year attachment with Coopers & Lybrand, in the Certified General Accountant’s Association of Canada, working in the areas of Financial Accounting and Managerial Macro Economics.

Turks & Caicos Islands Government, Civil Aviation Department Junior Air Traffic Controller 1987 – 1989, Certified by the Turks and Caicos Islands Civil Aviation Department, for South Caicos Air Traffic Control Tower; I managed traffic within a flight information region, under the supervision of the Approach Controller managing the Terminal Management Area for the Airspace, which after transfer to Barbados, I trained with the Barbados Civil Aviation’s School of Air Traffic Services, providing a Safe, Orderly, Expeditious and Efficient flow of Air Traffic providing Aeronautical Information Services, Aerodrome Control, Ground Control, and Approach/Area Control Certified in these areas, which involved management of a Runway being 11,000 feet, Airspace Upper Limit to 20,000 feet AGL, with supervised experience in South Caicos Tower, coordinated by Miami Air Route Traffic Control Center, providing Separations for climbing and descending and en-route aircraft. Since 1998, I have been in Communication with Miami Air Route Traffic Control Center, understudy program; being trained by Columbus University, Certifying in 2006 with a Master of Aviation Management Degree. My duties also involved preparation of Statistics, Met Observations, Flight Plan processing, collecting Landing and Parking Fees, while also preparing bills for the various designated customers, processing Receipts, updating the General Journal and other Reports, also

coordinating with the Search & Rescue Services, Police, Medical, Customs and Immigration Department in the relevant duties of service, reporting to the Civil Aviation Department Directors. During my Air Traffic Controller experience, I travelled locally on my days off, having security access to fly with TCNA; a schedule Airline Company, that at the time flew Aztecs, Navajos, Cessenas and British Norman Islanders and Tri-Islanders; I flying co-pilot on these varied occasions. Prior to this experience, I underwent Aircraft Maintenance experience training on Continental and Lycoming engines. EDUCATION TCI Community College 1998-1999 – ACCA part 1 – Foundation Accounting and Management Accounting & Systems Management, supervisor , PPC Limited, 1996 -1997 – Hospitality Studies, supervisor , Club Med Bahamas Limited, while working in the Bahamas, my program was coordinated by University of the West Indies, Nassau Campus, The center for Hospitality and Tourism Management, where I sat exams, graduating in 1997. University of Cape Breton 1992-1994 – Hospitality Administration, supervisor Ramada; while working at this University contracted with the Canadian International Development Agency; a Business Sector of the Canadian Government, I was trained by a Chartered Managerial Accountant, whose former place of work was the Canadian Government’s Revenue Canada, whom Managed a portfolio of trillions of Dollars incoming to this Canadian Government’s Treasury, which his name is Cameron McKinnon. Clement Howell High School, Blue Hills, Providenciales, Turks & Caicos Islands, 1989 – 1990 Studied at this school, formerly Provo High School/Provo Evening Institute, training in the areas of Science and Technology, subjects being GCE Advance Level Accounting Economics and GCE Ordinary Level English and Mathematics, under the supervision of Ms. Angela Andrews, former Principal. Pierson High School. South Caicos, Turks and Caicos Islands 1981-1986 Completed five years of Academic Training, in the defined areas below, graduating with a General Diploma: Σ Mathemetics Σ Book-keeping Σ History Σ Biology Σ Chemistry

Σ Industrial Arts Σ Technical Drawing Σ Spanish Σ English Language Σ English Literature

Σ Religious Education Σ Physics Σ Physical Education Σ Typing Σ Geography

Computer On-line Training Robert Hamill CMA I worked training with PPC’s Vice-President of Finance, in the areas of professional Accounting at the level detailing Audit and Information Systems Management, coordinated by David Wilson the Director of School for Field Stuides, while he was working in South Caicos. Columbus University 2012 – Present Columbus University’s Post Graduate Degree in Finance 2007 – Post Graduate Degree in Accounting, Doctoral Degree Graduate 2006 – Graduate Degree in Aviation Management, Master of Science Graduate 2003 – Undergraduate Degree in Hotel, Restaurant and Tourism, Bachelor of Business Administration Graduate

Management Experience Club Med 1995-2000 –My employment engaged me in the defined position as Assistant Administrative Personnel Manager, working under the office, Club Med Bahamas limited, with general experience gained in Nassau, Paradise Island and San Salvador, also worked in the Finance Office of Club Med Turkoise and within the operations of the Food and Beverage areas. Allegro Resorts 1999-2000 – As I included work experience at this organization on the representation of Club Med’s Regional Office Staff, I worked in the Company’s Warehouse, operating Cost Control procedures and Purchase distribution. While at this Organization I the owner of my Company; a registered Corporation, I performed external work, on-line generating Tourism interest, by communicating with Airline Charter Companies and Travel Tour Operators(Wholesale) Ramada Turquoise Reef Resort & Casino 1990 – 1992 – Employed as a Management trainee I worked under Human Resource Supervision, training in the areas of Rooms Division Management, Marketing Management, Financial Management, Food & Beverage Management and Human Resources Management; training conducted in-house, with experience thereafter as the Company’s Assistant Food and Beverage Cost Controller, returning from University in 1994, worked as an intern, in the areas of the Front Desk and Human Resources. Membership Professions & Licenses

Σ Air Operations License, with facility rating as Aeronautical Flight Information Services Officer, serial # DCA-15,

Σ Member of the Institute of Legal Executives,

Σ Commercial Fishing License

Σ Member of Hallmark Trust

Σ Member of the Methodist Church,

Σ Student member of the Association of Certified Chartered

Accountants

Σ Student member of the Certified General Accountant’s Association of Canada

Dr. Larry Lamard Garland PhD MBA MS BA (Professional) Dipl. - Hospitality Management - Rooms Division Management/Info. Tech, Cert. - Hotel Management Training, Air Traffic Controller Training, Human Resources

Management Certificate Club Med Employment (Professional),Old Airport Road, South Caicos, Turks and Caicos Islands, Telephone: 649-431-0110

Email: [email protected] or [email protected]

References Shannon O’Brien, Faculty Advisor, Columbus University, Picayune Ms. USA, Email: [email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

Dr. Larry Lamard Garland PhD MBA MS BA (Professional) Dipl. - Hospitality Management - Rooms Division Management/Info. Tech, Cert. - Hotel Management Training, Air Traffic Controller Training, Human Resources

Management Certificate Club Med Employment (Professional),Old Airport Road, South Caicos, Turks and Caicos Islands, Telephone: 649-431-0110, Turks & Caicos Islands Government South Caicos(Aerodrome/Area/Approach),

Email: [email protected] or [email protected]

9th April, 2015

As I am the authorizing officer representing Columbus University, a Graduate Professional Training Institution, providing

transcript employment records for recipients training and working with this organization, I Managing Director Certify Dr.

Larry Lamard Garland for the work provided by our previous organization Civil Aviation Department of the Turks and Caicos

Islands Government.

Mr. Garland was accepted by our organization in May of 1987, and completed his experience in June of 1989.

The following is provided as an assessment of his experience:

Work assessment

Air Traffic Control Aerodrome A

Air Traffic Control Approach/Area B

Meteorology A

Aircraft & Aerodynamics A

Aircraft Engineering Powerplant B

Accounting Basic A

Accounting Intermediate A

Supervision Intermediate A

The experience generated through our organization represents operation at an intermediate level, Air Traffic Management

Level 2, which outlines Mr. Garland as a Junior Manager, under supervision by this department as a prelude to assuming an

Airport Manager role at any of our Airports to the level category 8 with ultimate challenge to assume an Assistant Director

– Operations to myself.

Seal, this day 10th of April, 2015

CIVIL AVIATION MANAGEMENT

PRACTICAL EXPERIENCE ASSESSMENT QUESTIONNAIRE

The CGA Program of Professional Studies

The Certified General Accountants Association of Canada (CGA-Canada) is a nationally recognized professional association representing over 62,000 members and students. Certified members of the

Association have achieved and continue to maintain rigorous standards of professional competency, are bound

to a uniform standard of ethics and conduct, and are entitled to use the designation ‘CGA’.

CGA-Canada is a full and active partner of the International Federation Accountants Council (IFAC), the

international standards setting organization in auditing, education, ethics, and public sector financial accounting. The CGA Program of Professional Studies is the leading educator of financial managers in

Canada and is well established in China, Hong Kong, Bermuda, and the nations of the Caribbean. The CGA

program delivers a dynamic, in-depth, and comprehensive curriculum that incorporates the advanced competencies of financial management education. The program facilitates an innovative blend of interactive

and independent learning, complemented with concurrent practical experience. National course development and examinations ensure uniform high standards wherever the program is delivered.

The Practical Experience Requirement

As an integral component of their professional preparation, CGA students must demonstrate their ability to

apply the knowledge, skills and competencies gained from their formal education to a workplace environment. Students are expected to assume successively higher levels of financial management responsibilities as they advance to the certification level of CGA’s Program of Professional Studies. For certification, students must satisfy the Association that they have progressed to an employment position(s) that requires a well-rounded

knowledge of, and a professional level of responsibility in, such areas as accounting, finance, audit, taxation, strategic planning, and the management of knowledge, human resources, projects, and other organizational resources. Students not achieving the prescribed competencies will have their certification delayed.

How to Complete the Practical Experience Assessment Questionnaire (PEAQ)

The PEAQ has been designed to enable the CGA Association to effectively evaluate the competencies that a

CGA student has experienced as they progress towards full professional certification. To complete the PEAQ a student must:

Provide their profile details in Part 1.

STUDENT NAME: Dr. Larry

Lamard Garland

STUDENT ID NUMBER:8018418

In Part 2, provide details of their employment.

o Use a separate form for each current employer. o Use a separate form to cover all previous employment prior to the current employer, unless this

information has been previously submitted to the Association.

For Part 3, detail and assess the financial management related competencies (both current and past) achieved in the employment position being reporting on.

Date and sign the PEAQ at the end of Part 3. Have Employer complete Part 4 – validating the information reported in Parts 1, 2 and 3, providing

appropriate comments as requested, and dating and signing off at the end of Part 4.

Retain a copy and submit the completed PEAQ to the CGA office for assessment.

PART 1: MY PROFILE (to be completed by all students)

1. Student number 8018418

2. Surname GARLAND _ First name LARRY Middle Name LAMARD

4. Phone (business):1-649-344-3213 e-mail: [email protected]

5. Courses registered for, this academic year:

Session 1 _ Session 2 Session 3 Session 4

6. Anticipated year of program completion 2016

PART 2: EMPLOYMENT INFORMATION (to be completed by all students)

1. Employment status:

Full-time Part-time Contract/Term, expected duration:

Self-employed* Unemployed**

* Some CGA Associations do not permit students to be self-employed in public practice; students should

confirm with the Association where they reside if there are any restrictions. Experience from self-employment in other businesses may be acceptable but must be independently verified (eg. external auditor; CGA practice

reviewer; etc.).

**If you are not currently employed, but have previously been employed in an accounting related position(s) and your employment has not been verified by the CGA Association before, complete this questionnaire and classify your experience as “past”. If possible, have your former employer complete Part 4 – validating the

information reported in Parts I, 2 & 3, providing appropriate comments as requested, and signing off.

mailto:[email protected]

2. Employer: a) Employer Name Dr. Larry Lamard Garland

b) Employer Address Old Airport Road, South Caicos, Turks and Caicos Islands

c) Type of Industry 3A Self Employed (pull down menu of codes)

d) Nature of business Financial Services/Computer Repair

e) Approximate total annual revenue $24,000.00

f) Number of employees in organization: Total 2

Your department 1

$20,001-$25,000 $25,001-$30,000 $30,001-$35,000 $35,001-$40,000

$40,001-$45,000 $45,001-$50,000 $50,001-$55,000 $55,001-$60,000 $60,001-$65,000

$65,001-$70,000 $75,001-$80,000 $85,000-$90,000 >$90,000

PART 3: PRACTICAL EXPERIENCE INFORMATION (to be completed by all students and verified by

employer)

The primary purposes of the Practical Experience Assessment Questionnaire, are to determine whether a

student has achieved the competencies required to meet the CGA program practical experience standard for certification and as well, to provide guidance to students in determining their progress towards meeting this standard. The assessment process includes both quantitative and qualitative analyses of the information

provided by a student in their completed Practical Experience Assessment Questionnaire.

From a quantitative perspective, the questionnaire scores the student against established competency benchmarks. The qualitative review ensures a student has demonstrated all the essential core competencies

and as well, flags any potential concerns that may require further investigation. For borderline assessments, a

review of the entire PEAQ submission may identify competencies not given appropriate credit by the quantitative analysis.

The Association reserves the right to audit all experiences claimed by

the student and verified by their employer.

PART 3A: FOUNDATION EXPERIENCE

Foundation experience prepares students with the competencies that are normally prerequisite for advancing

to professional level responsibilities. Students’ foundation competencies typically range from entry level accounting related activities that may often be technical and routine in nature (e.g. A/P, A/R, bank reconciliations), to intermediate level positions that may increasingly rely upon higher order abilities –

analytical, forecasting, planning, decision-making, and communication responsibilities. For each area listed in PART 3A, select the competencies that you have performed in support of that area. Please check the appropriate column(s) to indicate whether the competency is past (P), current (C) or both

past and current. Competencies gained since the last time you submitted a PEAQ should be categorized as

“Current”, while any competency previously assessed on a prior PEAQ should be classified as “Past”. (clarify definition of current and past) For those competencies that you have not had experience with, simply leave

them blank. You may wish to seek your supervisor’s advice for assessing any items that you may be unsure of.

1. Financial Accounting & Reporting

a) Accounting cycle

P C Foundation Competency Statements

P C Understands the total accounting cycle and provides a map or chart of accounts for direction in arrangement of accounts (e.g. prepare chart of account).

P C Analyzes transactions in preparation for journalizing entries (e.g. perform transaction analysis).

P C Journalizes entries for transactions from analysis of information

indicating appropriate accounts to be debited and credited with related amounts involved, giving a short description of transaction

(e.g. journalizes transaction and events).

P C Accurately posts (enters) journalized amounts in correct ledger accounts (e.g. posts to ledger accounts).

P C Creates a work sheet (working papers) to enable accounts balances to be worked through to financial statement accounts (e.g. prepare a work sheet).

P C Prepares relevant accounts from ledger to form a trial balance of the

existing account balances.

P C Prepares balances of credits and debits (e.g. prepare unadjusted

trial).

P C Analyzes relevant nominal accounts to determine necessary

adjustments to be made to real accounts to ensure correct year-end

balances for financial statements (e.g. prepare adjusting entries).

P C Prepares adjustments for real accounts and completes the adjusted trial balance to be used for completion of the financial statements, ensuring that columns balance.

P C Prepares account balances from the net of debits and credits in appropriate column of Income statement (e.g. prepare trial balance).

P C Transfers from trial balance appropriate amounts to create Income

Statement and Balance sheet.

P C Prepares Retained Earnings Statement, if required.

P C Prepares the proprietorship’s owner’s equity and for partnership’s partners’ capital accounts (e.g. prepare financial statements).

P C Prepares reversing journal entries to eliminate nominal account balances subsequent to completion of financial statements (e.g. prepare reversing entries).

b) Cash


P C Evaluates process for handling cash and ensures security. Ensures

accurate recording of cash receipts (e.g. record of cash receipts).

P C Evaluates process for making cash disbursements and ensures

security. Ensures accurate recording of cash disbursements (e.g. record of cash disbursements).

P C Evaluates process for preparation of bank reconciliations and ensures bank balance and adjusted cash account balance are equal (e.g. prepare bank reconciliation).

P C Prepares cash flow projections for the coming year indicating amounts of cash required each month to meet transactions need (e.g. prepare cash flow projections).

Evaluates handling of petty cash and appropriate recording of all

P C amounts ensuring receipts or memos for all amounts paid (e.g. handling of petty cash).

P C Prepares a cash flow statement showing flow of cash during the

year for Operating, Investing and Financing operations (e.g. prepare Statement of Cash Flows).

c) Accounts Receivable


P C Accurately maintains a customer sub-ledger of accounts receivable

and ensures balancing amount with controlling account in the general ledger. (e.g. maintain customer sub-ledger).

P C Approves credit limits for firm’s customers, under the mandate and

terms given by management, (e.g. approve credit limits).

P C Verifies invoices and ensures accurate recording of accounts

receivable in appropriate accounts (e.g. record invoices).

P C Oversee the collection of outstanding amounts on accounts receivable within specified credit limits. Keeps management informed of current status of accounts (e.g. collect outstanding accounts).

P C Maintains bad debt expense account and ensures accurate and timely entries are posted to the account (e.g. account for bad debt expense).

P C Responsible for preparation of accurate compilation of customers’ statements and timely dispatch to customers (e.g. prepare customers’ statements).

P C Prepares an aged analysis of accounts receivable for management, highlighting items of concern accompanied by appropriate explanations (e.g. prepare aged analysis).

d) Inventory


P C Understands and is able to initiate and maintain a secure, perpetual inventory system (e.g. maintain a perpetual system).

P C Understands and is able to initiate and maintain a secure, periodic

inventory system (e.g. maintain a periodic system).

P C Is fully conversant with the four methods of determining inventory costs – specific identification, weighted average, first-in, first out, and last in, first out. Assigns costs to inventory items as directed by management (e.g. assign costs to inventory items).

P C Applies the lower of cost or market rule and applies market value when market is lower than cost (e.g. apply at lower of cost or market).

P C Understands the three methods for estimating inventories and

chooses and applies most appropriate for firm with management approval (e.g. estimate inventories – account for/reconcile physical count, use gross margin/retail inventory).

e) Investments


P C Ensures that short-term investments are recorded accurately, are in accord with GAAP, each one is recorded separately, and each is

accompanied by full details (e.g. record short-term investments in

equity securities).

P C

Ensures that long-term investments are recorded accurately, are in

accord with GAAP, each security is recorded separately, and each is

accompanied by full details (e.g. record long-term investments in

equity securities).

P C Ensures accurate recording debt securities, is recorded separately, is in accord with GAAP requirements, and is accompanied by full details (e.g. record investments in debt securities, such as government treasury bills).

f) Prepaid Expenses


P C Ensures that all prepaid expenses are accurately recorded (e.g. records prepaid expense such as insurance premium, rent).

g) Capital Assets


P C Examines all documents related to acquisition of capital assets and carefully determines acquisition cost, considering discounts and

additions to cost (e.g. measure and record acquisition cost).

P C Evaluates the four methods of amortization allowed by GAAP, straight line, units of production, sum-of-the years’ digit or sinking fund method, and applies most appropriate method for each class of tangible capital asset, with approval of management (e.g. determine

and apply methods of amortization).

P C Verifies all documents relating to repairs to, betterment of, and

maintenance of capital assets and accurately records amount in

appropriate accounts (e.g. record repairs, betterments and maintenance).

P C Verifies all documents related to volume extraction of tones mined, barrels pumped or board feet of timber harvested and records appropriate depletion amounts (e.g. record depletion of natural resources).

P C Verifies appropriate estimates from expert sources to record

amortization or writing down of intangibles. Generally uses straight- line method and limits write-off to within GAAP requirement of 40

years. Ensures goodwill and long-lived intangibles are subject to

impairment write-off (e.g. record amortization of intangibles).

P C Verifies all documents re disposal, exchange and retirement of capital assets and records amounts in appropriate accounts (e.g. record disposals, exchanges and retirements).

P C Utilizes ratios to determine efficiency of assets and prepares information for management and financial statements (e.g. evaluate

assets efficiency by ratios of total asset turnover /return on total assets).

h) Accounts Payable


P C Accurately maintains a vendor sub-ledger of accounts payable and

ensures balancing amount with controlling account in the general ledger. Ensures security of system (e.g. maintain vendor sub- ledger).

P C Verifies vouchers and charges from source documents, approves on

authority from management, and accurately records amounts (e.g. approve/record vouchers and charges).

P C

Arranges for timely distribution of vouchers to creditors (e.g. pay

outstanding accounts).

P C Prepares reconciliation of vendor accounts in accounts payable ledger with outstanding amounts owing (e.g. prepare vendor reconciliations).

i) Current Liabilities


P C Verifies and records bank overdrafts from bank reconciliation and verifies and records bank demand loan(s) (e.g. record bank

overdrafts and demand loans).

P C Verifies accrued liabilities from source documents and accurately

records amounts in appropriate accounts (e.g. record accrued liabilities).

P C Verifies payroll liabilities from source documents and accurately

records amounts in payroll account(s) (e.g. record payroll liabilities).

P C Verifies deferred revenues from source documents and accurately

records amounts in appropriate accounts (e.g. record deferred revenues).

P C Verifies income taxes payable from source documents and

accurately records in income taxes payable account (e.g. record

income taxes payable).

P C Verifies method of calculation and calculation from source documents of estimated liabilities and accurately records in appropriate account (e.g. record estimated liabilities).

j) Long-Term Liabilities


P C Verifies, records and explains contracts, other agreements and source documents for debentures, mortgages and loans (e.g. records debentures, mortgages and loans).

P C Verifies, records and explains contracts, other agreements and

source documents for convertible bond issue(s) (e.g. record

convertible bonds).

P C Verifies, records, and explains contracts, other agreements and

source documents for bond issue(s) (e.g. record serial bonds).

P C Verifies, records and explains pension agreements and source

documents for pension plan(s) (e.g. record pension plans).

k) Equity


P C Verifies method of calculation according to written agreement or in

absence of no agreement, the legal division, for partnership earnings and drawings, with accurate recording and explanation of partners’ accounts (e.g. calculate and record division of partnership

earnings).

P C Verifies all incorporation documents and minutes of Board of Directors’ meetings.

P C Arranges accounts for incorporation of information and prepares

necessary related explanations.

P C Records and explains accounts details of each share issue with appropriate explanatory notes (e.g. account for corporate organization and issuance of shares).

P

P

C Arranges account(s) for payments of corporate dividends and stock

split(s) according to minutes of Board of Directors, with necessary

explanatory details. Refers to management for approval (e.g. account for corporate dividends and stock split).

P C Calculates earnings per share according to GAAP and with management approval records in financial notes (e.g. calculate earnings per share).

l) Payroll


P C Verifies source documents for each employee and currently

maintains employee records (e.g. maintain employee records).

P C Verifies sources documents for employees’ time worked and

employee required deductions, arranges for preparation of payrolls with accurate recording of amounts in the payroll account, providing

information for cheque preparation or electronic depositing of funds

(e.g. prepare payrolls).

P C Prepares annual remuneration information for employees’ T4s, T4As

and other information required by management from payroll account(s) (e.g. prepare annual remuneration paid (T4, T4A, ROE).

2. Management Information Systems


P C Utilizes software applications for analysis and interpretation of data

required by management or others for accounting programs. (e.g. use software applications for analysis and interpretation of data for accounting programs).

P C Utilizes software applications for analysis and interpretation of data required by management or others for spreadsheet programs. (e.g. spreadsheet programs).

P C Applies software program applications for analysis and analyzes data required by internal and external auditors (e.g. audit/working

paper programs).

P C Utilizes software applications for production of data as required for word processing function in organization (e.g. word processing

programs).

P C Utilizes software applications for maintaining, analysis and interpretation of data required by management or others for Database management programs (e.g. database management programs).

P C Utilizes software applications for preparation of presentation programs for members of the organization as required by management and others in the organization (e.g. presentation software programs).

P C Utilizes software applications for tax preparation and tax planning

programs.

3. Taxation


P C Explains from source documents accurately computes employment income and makes appropriate deductions (e.g. compute employment income and deductions).

P C Explains from source documents accurately computes business income and makes appropriate deductions (e.g. compute business

income and deductions).

P C Explains from source documents accurately computes capital cost

allowance and eligible capital property (e.g. compute capital cost allowance and eligible capital property).

P C Explains from source documents accurately computes income from property and makes appropriate deductions (e.g. compute income

from property and deductions).

P C Explains from source documents accurately computes capital gains and losses. Provides any necessary explanations (e.g. compute capital gains and losses).

P C Explains and advises from source documents and prior computations accurately prepare tax returns for individuals and corporations (e.g. prepare tax returns for individuals and

corporations).

P C Computes,verifies, & records amounts collected for GST, HST, and

PST and arranges for reporting and remittance to appropriate government from source documents (e.g. compute and report GST, HST, and PST).

4. Auditing (External or Management)


P C Traces and discusses with audit supervisor the balances of assets, liabilities, payrolls, and revenue and expenses to source documents (e.g. trace balances to sources documents relating to assets, liabilities, payrolls, revenue and expenses).

5. Management Accounting


P C Utilizes and explains job order costing to provide predetermined overhead rates and provides necessary journal entries to record flow of direct materials, direct labour and manufacturing overhead for job costing (e.g. perform job order costing).

P C Utilizes and explains process costing to provide record of the flow of materials, labour and overhead.

P C Computes and explains the equivalent units of production for both

the weighted average method and the FIFO method (e.g. perform

process costing).

P C Understands and calculates and explains inventory costing by direct costing method (e.g. calculate direct costing inventory).

P C Understands and calculates and explains just-in-time costing for inventory (e.g. calculate just in time costing inventory).

P C Understand methods of basing sales commissions on sales dollars or contribution margin. Calculates and explains both methods (e.g. calculate sales commissions).

6. Financial Management


P C Calculates and explains the components of cost of capital, composed of costs of debt, preferred shares and common shares

and calculates the weighted average cost of capital (e.g. calculate

the component costs of capital).

P C Understands the process and computes valuation of short-term securities by present value method using the spreadsheet functions (e.g. compute valuation of short-term securities).

P C Understands and explains the process and computes the valuation of bonds by present value analysis, utilizing the spreadsheet functions (e.g. compute valuation of bonds).

P C Understands and computes after tax returns of preferred shares, considering price, dividend rate and tax assessment.

P C Understands and computes the valuation of common stocks by the

two fundamental security analysis methods, the present value

method, similar to bond pricing, and the relative valuation method, using a relative indicator, such as price/earnings ratio (e.g. compute

valuation preferred and/or common shares).

P C Understands and explains the process and computes valuation of annuities by present and future methods using the spreadsheet functions (e.g. compute valuation annuities).

P C Understands and explains the process and computes the evaluation

of a leasing project by utilization of the net present value method and, if necessary, the internal rate of return approach.

PART 3B: PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE

To achieve the practical experience standard necessary for CGA certification, students must have advanced to employment opportunities that require a professional level of responsibility and decision-making. Students

must demonstrate experience and competence in effectively applying the concepts, skills, and judgmental abilities learned through the CGA program of professional studies and practiced in areas that may include:

Technical knowledge: areas of Financial Accounting and Reporting, Management Accounting, Assurance, Finance and Financial Planning, General Business, Information Technology, and Taxation.

General management: areas of Planning, Allocating and Managing Resources, Measuring and Monitoring, and Communicating.

Leadership: areas of Organizational and Strategic Leadership, Team Leadership and Development, and Staff Coaching and Training.

Professionalism: areas of Client Focus, Ethics and Trust, Integrative Approach, Problem Solving, Professional Development, and Professional Self-Evaluation.

In consideration of the profession’s broad scope, students are not expected to have achieved experience in all of these areas.

For each area listed in PART 3B, identify the competencies that you are able to demonstrate. For each competency, refer to the tasks listed in Appendix A. Indicate which task(s) you have performed in demonstration of the competency, by writing in the task letter in the “P” box (for past tasks), or in the “C” box

(for current tasks) beside the competency. Only one task needs to be listed for each competency. Experience

gained since the last time you submitted a PEAQ should be categorized as “Current”, while any experience previously assessed on a prior PEAQ should be classified as “Past”. You may wish to seek your supervisor’s

advise for assessing any items that you may be unsure of.

PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE

1. TECHNICAL COMPETENCIES:

Financial Accounting & Reporting

P C Professional Competency Statements

C 1

Formulates, analyzes, and processes transactions in accordance with

professional standards and policies.

C 2

Researches, evaluates, and advises on the appropriate accounting treatment for complex transactions.

C 3 Interprets and advises on the organization’s reporting obligations.

C 4 Ensures the reliability of financial information.

C 5

Documents and maintains supporting information for transactions and events.

C 6 Prepares financial statements appropriate for the users.

C 7 Prepares, analyzes, and interprets financial performance measures.

C 8

Evaluates and advises on accounting policies and procedures in

accordance with professional standards.

C 9

Adapts policies and procedures in accordance with professional standards.

C 10 Evaluates and advises on financial accounting and related systems.

C 11 Designs financial accounting and related systems.

C 12

Adapts financial accounting systems in response to current and emerging developments.

Management Accounting


C 1 Assesses and advises on performance measurement requirements.

C 2

Designs, evaluates, and advises on the organization’s performance measurement system.

C 3 Adapts performance measures.

C 4

Monitors accuracy of performance measures with respect to corporate

strategy and orientation and proposes adjustments, if required.

C 5

Recommends organizational improvements based on results from

performance measurement system.

C 6 Designs and prepares special reports for decision-making purposes.

Assurance


C 1 Evaluates and consults on the organization’s assurance needs.

C 2 Determines the scope of the engagement.

C 3 Determines or advises on whether to accept the engagement.

C 4 Determines the assurance engagement resource requirements.

C 5

Adapts programs or plans in response to new and/or emerging professional standards.

C 6

Evaluates risks and business issues to determine their impact on the

engagement.

C 7

Identifies, evaluates, and advises on internal control system, and communicates weaknesses to the appropriate level of the organization.

C 8

Advises on the design and implementation of new or enhanced internal controls.

C 9

Develops and/or modifies appropriate assurance procedures for an engagement.

C 10

Executes the assurance program or plan in accordance with

professional standards.

C 11

Analyzes and documents the evidence and results of the assurance engagement.

C 12 Develops conclusions and prepares an assurance report or letter.

C 13 Develops and advises on a framework for detection of fraud.

Finance and Financial Planning


C 1 Develops and administers budgets.

C 2 Develops financial forecasts and plans.

C 3 Manages cash flow and working capital.

C 4

Identifies, analyzes, and advises on financial instruments to minimize

the financial risk of the issuer, investor, or lender.

C 5 Advises on financing to meet the organization’s goals.

C 6

Advises on the capital structure of the organization to maximize the

organization's value.

C 7 Advises on financial implications of operational strategies.

C 8 Prepares or evaluates business cases or financial proposals.*

C 9 Assesses the value of a business.

C 10

Evaluates and advises on growth strategies of an organization or individual.

C 11

Evaluates and advises on capital investments, mergers and

acquisitions, or sale of a business.

C 12

Identifies financial risk strategy and challenges in the organization’s environment.

C 13 Develops and assesses financial benchmarks.

C 14 Assesses or designs a financial risk management strategy.

C 15

Identifies, analyzes, and advises on financial instruments to minimize

risk and their impact on the organization.

C 16

Monitors the financial risk management, and recommends and implements changes.

General Business


C 1 Develops and prepares business plans.

C 2

Analyzes, advises on, and implements business processes and

functions.

C 3 Advises on business decisions in the context of the legal framework.

C 4 Prepares and advises on contracts structure and enforcement.

C 5

Leads and manages various business systems and process improvements.

C 6

Recognizes market factors and adapts business decisions to the

context of the organization’s sector and industry.

C 7

Advises on business decisions in the context of larger economic and geo-political conditions.

C 8 Identifies and analyzes risk factors.

C 9 Implements and advises on measures to mitigate risk.

C 10 Advises on the development of business continuity planning.

C 11 Advises on issues of corporate governance.

Information Technology


C 1 Uses technological tools in the workplace.

C 2 Designs and evaluates financial system platform.

C 3 Aligns IT strategy with the organization’s business plan.

C 4

Identifies organization’s IT needs to meet financial data processing, control, and reporting requirements.

C 5 Evaluates advances in technology and their impact on the organization.

C 6

Advises on financial implications of IT acquisitions and vendor selection.

C 7 Advises on the development of IT strategy.

C 8 Advises on the design, development, and implementation of IT projects.

C 9

Makes recommendations to safeguard IT assets so as to ensure

organizational ability to meet business objective.

C 10 Make recommendations and develop IT disaster recovery plan.

Taxation


C 1 Determine taxpayer’s tax liability.

C 2

Determine taxpayer’s taxation and regulatory requirements and exposure.

C 3 Evaluate tax implications of proposed and completed transactions.

C 4 Ensure compliance with all taxation reporting and filing requirements.

C 5 Analyzes, researches, and advises on tax planning issues.

C 6 Reviews, advises on, and replies to assessments and re-assessments.

C 7

Researches, advises and provides support for objections, appeals, and litigation.

8 Designs and advises on international tax planning.

2. GENERAL MANAGEMENT:

Planning


C

1 Identifies and evaluates strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats associated with an organization’s operational and administrative

processes.

C 2

Prepares, analyzes, and advises on strategic information to develop an

organization’s operational plan.

C 3

Articulates the requirements and expected performance of the

organization’s operational plan to the appropriate stakeholders.

C

4 Identifies key steps, milestones, and critical systems that are needed for the success of changes to business activities, processes, and operational plans.

Allocating and Managing Resources


C 1

Evaluates and advises on the implications of an organization’s access to resources.

C 2

Identifies and evaluates the social costs and benefits of securing

resources to meet the organization’s objectives.

C

3 Evaluates and advises on how resource availability affects the organization’s business functions, processes, and administrative

procedures based on planning.

C 4

Articulates the organization’s resource requirements and implements a plan for resource allocation.

Measuring and Monitoring


C 1

Evaluates the outcomes of business activities and processes against objectives and benchmarks, and advises on further action.

C

2 Researches, proposes, and implements models to enhance the

effectiveness of performance measures and standards in relation to an

organization’s strategic plan.

C 3

Coordinates the implementation of performance measures and

standards.

C

4 Establishes performance measurement architecture to ensure that local performance measures are linked to strategic goals and corporate objectives.

C 5

Measures, evaluates, and reports on the effects of change on business

activities and processes.

C 6

Designs, evaluates, and reports on internal control systems to ensure that management information is complete and accurate.

C 7

Conducts business process reviews of existing systems, processes and

controls within the organization.

Communicating


C 1 Expresses and exchanges information in a clear and concise manner.

C 2

Ensures that information is communicated to the appropriate people on

a timely basis.

C 3

Selects an appropriate medium to convey information, ideas, and

results.

C 4

Prepares a wide variety of reports for specific purposes using clear, communicative, and professional language.

C 5

Listens, encourages feedback, and follows up to ensure that communications are clearly understood.

C 6 Facilitates resolution between differing viewpoints.

C 7

Maintains positive, productive relationships with clients, stakeholders, colleagues, supervisors, and staff.

C 8

Structures external communications to project an appropriate corporate

image.

C 9

Ensures confidentiality with respect to organizational or client information and data.

3. LEADERSHIP:

Organizational and Strategic Leadership


C 1 Contributes to the organization’s strategic planning initiatives.

C 2

Assumes leadership at the appropriate phases of planning, action, and evaluation.

C 3

Recognizes and takes action on opportunities to combine professional resources through partnering arrangements.

C 4 Contributes to development of organizational vision and mission.

C 5 Implements and manages change in the organization.

Team Leadership and Development


C 1 Leads team members to sustain and enhance the organization’s vision.

C 2 Builds and motivates high-performance teams to achieve goals.

C 3

Delegates work and supervises staff, to maximize individual strengths

and develop team members.

C 4

Invites and accepts constructive input and feedback from team members.

C 5

Alerts others to the need for specific changes in the way things are

done.

C 6 Manages stress within the team.

Staff Coaching and Training


C 1

Provides guidance, direction, and motivation when assigning tasks or assisting staff.

C

2 Ensures that all staff have clearly defined job descriptions, goals, and objectives to ensure that all are aware of their duties and have a basis

for evaluation.

C 3

Evaluates staff performance and provides constructive feedback to

enable staff to achieve their potential.

C 4

Provides career planning and coaching resources to help prepare staff for future opportunities in the organization.

C 5

Encourages staff contribution of ideas to improve systems and work

environments.

C 6 Advises on managing performance.

4. PROFESSIONALISM:

Client Focus


C 1

Anticipates and meets the needs and expectations of internal and external clients.

C 2

Applies client focus, recognizing and observing the need for independence and objectivity.

C 3

Represents clients’ interests when changes are proposed to standards and regulations.

Ethics and Trust


C 1 Applies professional ethical standards.

C 2 Exercises consistently high level of professional judgment.

C 3 Protects the public interest.

C 4 Plans and exercises due diligence.

C 5

Assesses and advises on the organization’s policy on privacy of personal and corporate information.

C 6 Demonstrates professional courtesy.

C 7

Maintains and enhances the reputation of the Association and the

profession.

Integrative Approach


C 1

Aggregates information from a variety of sources to obtain the “big

picture”.

C 2

Builds relationships across functional areas and synthesizes or combines ideas and approaches.

C 3

Identifies implications and extends solutions beyond the immediate or short-term.

C 4

Applies cross-functional technical knowledge to create integrative solutions.

Problem Solving


C 1

Uses a systematic approach to problem solving from identifying the problem to developing and reporting recommendations.

C 2

Defines and formulates problems within a clear purpose, frame of reference, and scope.

C 3

Collects, selects, verifies, and evaluates information relevant to the defined problem.

C 4 Analyzes data for patterns, relationships, and trends.

C 5

Assembles findings and conclusions to form a sound basis for decision- making.

C 6 Considers alternative solutions and shapes recommendations.

C 7 Sets in motion a process of consultation leading to decision.

Professional Development


1 .

C

2 Acquires and maintains knowledge and skills in financial and non- financial fields.

C 3

Uses professional networks to enhance service to client or organization.

C 4 Applies new learning to the benefit of clients or the organization.

C 5 Assesses professional priorities and manages own time and resources

to achieve them.

Professional Self-Evaluation


C 1 Acts within the scope of professional competence.

C 2 Knows when and how to refer to other professionals and experts.

C 3 Applies professional skepticism.

C 4 Evaluates own professionalism.

PART 3C: OTHER EXPERIENCE

Identify any relevant practical experiences or competencies that you have performed but are not listed above. Clarify any other experiences that you believe should be considered in your experience assessment:

My experience involved initial work with my Grandmother, in the area of Cash Sales – Alice Thomas; the store’s

proprietor, while I was a student of the Turks and Caicos Island’s Education Department’s Pierson High Schoo l.

After this experience, I worked for 6 months with an Airline Charter Company as a Junior Executive,

working in the areas of Aircraft Engineering, Office Management and Airline Delivery, thereafter

employed by the Turks and Caicos Islands Government’s Civil Aviation Department, in the areas of Air

Traffic Control, as all associated job descriptions curtail, including Tower and Equipment supervision,

processing Flight Plans, receipts, meteorological information and Management.

STUDENT CERTIFICATION:

I understand that I must satisfy the Association’s practical experience requirements in order to

be eligible for CGA certification.

I certify that the information and statements provided by me in this questionnaire are correct

and complete. I understand that CGA may perform an audit on any part of this questionnaire

and ask any questions. I further understand that falsification of this questionnaire on my part or

that of my employer would be a violation of the Association’s Code of Ethics.

I hereby authorize CGA to discuss my experience and progress with my employer to facilitate

completion of the practical experience requirements.

PART 4: EMPLOYER VERIFICATION

To the Employer:

All CGA students at the PACE Level of the CGA program of professional studies are required to complete and submit a Practical Experience Assessment Questionnaire for assessment by the Association. The experience

being assessed will include their current employment, as well as any prior relevant experience from past employment. For the purpose of advancing towards professional certification it is important that the student receives an increasing breadth and depth of financial experience. The experience acquired is an integral component for determining whether a student is granted CGA certification.

Your assistance in reviewing and validating the experience obtained by the student while in your employment is very much appreciated. All information supplied by you in this Questionnaire will only be used to attest to the

student’s overall practical experience with your organization. Assessments are confidential and will be retained in the student’s file by the CGA Association.

It important that the individual completing the Employer Verification be knowledgeable about the work of the

student (and standards of the accounting profession)?

We would ask that you assist us in this important process by completing the following:

Review the accuracy of the information provided by the student in Parts 1, 2, & 3 and verify in 1) below.

Provide your assessment of all competency statements in 2) below. Please circle Yes or No, and comment where appropriate for each section.

Provide additional feedback as specified in section 3) below.

Complete and sign the Employer Certification at the end of Part 4.

1) The information provided by the student in Parts 1, 2 and 3, and their summary of their duties within your

organization is accurate (please provide comments if appropriate). Yes No

Through the use of Computer Information Systems and Corporate Accountant’s on-the-job training I

acknowledge the above to be true and accurate to my understanding.

2) The student has demonstrated the following seven essential core competencies, which are required for

a newly-certified CGA:

i) The student expresses and exchanges information in a clear and concise manner. Yes No

ii) The student listens, encourages feedback, and follows up to ensure that communications are clearly

understood. Yes

No

iii) The student maintains positive, productive relationships with clients, stakeholders, colleagues,

supervisors, and staff. Yes

No

iv) The student ensures confidentiality with respect to organizational or client information

and data. Yes No

v) The student applies professional ethical standards. Yes No

vi) The student exercises a consistently high level of professional judgment. Yes No

vii) The student acts within the scope of their professional competence. Yes No

3) If applicable, please briefly describe possible career or job enrichment opportunities for the student within

your organization: As I am an employer of one of the Government’s Regulatory Statuatory body as is the Financial Services Commission, I identify Dr. Larry Lamard Garland as a leading Manager, for this Civil Aviation Authority and also a candidate for management of our Financial Services Commission.

Thank you for your cooperation!

EMPLOYER CERTIFICATION:

I have reviewed this questionnaire with the student and hereby certify its completeness and

accuracy. I understand that I may be contacted by the CGA Association to verify information

contained within this form.

Name:

Position Title:

Professional Qualifications (e.g. CGA, CMA, CA, CFA):

Graduate Degree (eg.MBA, PhD., etc.)Cost Controller

Business Telephone #: E-mail address:

Signature: Date:

PART 5: FOR CGA ASSOCIATION USE ONLY

Experience assessed: Acceptable Acceptable, follow up Unacceptable

Comments:

Evaluator’s Signature: Date:

APPENDIX A. INDUSTRY CODES

1 General Industry

1A Agriculture

1B Fishing & Trapping

1C Logging/Forestry 1D

Mining

1E Crude Petroleum/Natural Gas

1F Processing

1G Printing/Publishing

1H Manufacturing

1I General Contracting 1J

Industrial Construction

1K Transportation/Communication

1L Storage and Warehouses

1M Communication

1N Utility (Public/Private)

1O Wholesale/Retail 1P

Textile

2 Commerce

2A Consumer and Business Finance 2B

Investment

2C Insurance

2D Securities & Mortgage Brokers 2E

Insurance and Real Estate

2F Commerce - Banking, Trust Co., Credit Uni

3 General Business Services

3A Self Employed

3B Public Practice - CA 3C

Public Practice - CGA 3D

Public Practice - Other 3E

Legal Firm

3F Computer Consultants 3G

Management Consultants 3H

Personnel Firm

3I Architect/Engineering

4 General Government

4A Federal Government Service - Other 4B

Federal Government - Rev. Can.

4C Provincial Government Service

4D Local/Municipal .Government Service 4E

Crown Corporation

4F Military

5 General Education Services

5A Secondary

5B College & University

5C Professional

6 General Health/Social Service

60 Wholesale/Retail

61 Commerce - Banking, Trust Co.,

64 General Hospitality

6A Medical Lab

6B Hospital/Long Term Care

7 General Hospitality

7A Accommodation Services 7B

Food and Beverage Service

7C Amusement and Recreation Ser.

8 Other Services

8A Membership/Organization/Assoc.

8B Non-Profit

8BA Non-Profit - Charities

9 Other

90 Other 9A

Unknown

9B Unemployed

APPENDIX B.

The competencies from Part 3B of the PEAQ can be defined by various tasks. In each instance below, numbered competencies are followed by a list of tasks (identified by letter) related to that competency. A competency is considered met if you have demonstrated performance of one or more of the tasks associated with the given competency.

Note that this Appendix is for reference only – you should complete Part 3B of the PEAQ form to document your experience. To do so, identify at least one task for each competency you have demonstrated, and write the corresponding letter of the task in the “P” (past) or “C” (current) column in part 3B of the PEAQ form.

TECHNICAL KNOWLEDGE: Financial Accounting and Reporting

1. Formulates, analyzes, and processes transactions in accordance with professional standards and policies a) Explains types of business and other organizations – proprietorship, partnership, corporations,

cooperatives, non-for-profits entities and public accounting b) Explains in good detail the accounting function and the accounting cycle c) Sets up a chart of accounts including assets, liabilities, owner’s (shareholders) equity and

withdrawals and revenue and expense accounts d) Evaluates and accounts for merchandizing and inventory activities, including measurement,

valuation and costs e) Installs effective internal control functions f) Ensures accurate and complete recording of the following in accordance with GAAP where

required:

All revenues – sales, services, long-term contracts, interest, dividends, royalties and returns All expenses – sales, administrative, and other Ensures accurate bank reconciliations Correctly matches of revenues and expenses

Evaluates receivables and liabilities, including discount considerations and other related items, such as allowances and warranties

Foreign currency transactions g) Determines correct amounts and accounting according to GAAP, where required:

For capital assets, including property, plant and equipment, natural resources and intangibles For amortization and impairment of capital assets and leaseholds For acquisition, disposals and exchanges

For amounts and correct accounting for government and other grants for not-for-profit and business assistance

For correct amounts and accounting regarding subsidies from government and other sources For correct amounts for share purchases and sales, related commissions and costs, and equity

contributions For correct amounts for current and long-term liabilities, such as, loans and other debt

payments and ensures they are in accord with legal requirements For donations and gifts and expenses in not-for-profit organizations For investments – both temporary and long-term

h) Provides accurate and correct accounting for partnerships and shareholders’ equity

i) Advances interest concepts, present value and future value concepts

2. Researches, evaluates, and advises on the appropriate accounting treatment for complex transaction a) Advises client/organization the accounting for acquisitions and mergers of business organizations b) Advises in respect of accounting for joint ventures c) Advises on accounting for hedging for interest, foreign currency and commodities d) Advises on the accounting for financial instruments, such as, debt and equity instruments as

embodied in Section 3860 of GAAP e) Advises on the accounting for consolidations f) Advises on not-for-profit and government accounting, such as, encumbrances, government

accounting and private donations to organizations g) Ensures that legal and accounting advice is sought, if necessary, in any of the above situations h) Advises on accounting changes and implements same

3. Interprets and advises on the organization’s reporting obligations a) Ensures that interim and annual reports are sent to shareholders, including proxy voting

provisions and other legal requirements required under the Companies’ Act b) Ensures that special notices or reports by management is sent to shareholders c) Attends shareholders meetings and be available for discussion with management d) Ensures for public companies that appropriate notices and responses are filed with the

provincial security commission e) Attends any hearings which may be relevant to client/organization f) File required Federal Government and Provincial Government reports within deadline

requirements, such as, licensing registration, statistical reports, government action re any change in regulations affecting the client’s accounting requirements, and special requests by government departments.

4. Ensures the reliability of financial information a) Ensures pension plan information is well documented, is accurate, complete, and

that assets involved, exist b) Ensures that vendor/customer reconciliations are accurate, complete and within

reason, that physical items, such as inventory, exist as indicated in the reconciliations

c) Ensures that any securities shown in the records are in existence as shown d) Ensures that any securities held by outside sources are in existence and are as

shown in the records e) Ensure that contracts as shown in the records, such as fire insurance contracts, lease

contracts, rental contracts, and purchase contracts are in agreement with the contracts held by the outside sources

5. Documents and maintains supporting information for transactions and event a) Ensures that hardcopies of all sales, purchases, and receipted documents are appropriately

filed for prompt retrieval b) Ensures that all computer records of receipts and invoices appropriately filed with

necessary backup computer files c) Ensures that copies of legal documents, correspondence and relevant publication

articles are appropriately filed and protected from fire and water damage.

6. Prepares financial statements appropriate for the users a) Prepares accurately, the following statements for the client/organization, in accordance

with GAAP, as required, and meeting legal requirements:

Accurate working papers in good form Accurate income statements in good form on an interim and annual basis, as required. Accurate balance sheets in good form on an interim and annual basis, as required. Accurate cash flow statements in good form on an interim and annual basis, as required

Other statements on an accurate base, such as retained earnings, special announcement information and similar items, as required by management for shareholder and external distribution

b) Prepares consolidated statements, as required, for integrated and self-sustaining subsidiaries

c) Prepares budget statements, pro forma information, and short- and long-term forecasts, as required in consultation with client/organization management

d) Prepares appropriate statements for not-for-profit and government organizations e) Prepares financial performance and internal control statements for client use

7. Prepares, analyzes, and interprets financial performance measures a) Prepares, analyzes and interprets liquidity, activity, profitability and debt ratios for

management and for shareholders’ reports b) Prepares trend statistics and necessary graphs as related to financial performance and

analyzes and interprets such information for management and for shareholders’ reports

c) Prepares and interprets other statistical measures as appropriate and required, such as commons size balance sheets and horizontal and vertical analysis

d) Prepares, analyzes, interprets and compares financial and related information with respect to related industry and comparable firm statistics and performance

e) Constantly evaluates new statistical presentations for consideration

8. Evaluates and advises on accounting policies and procedures in accordance with professional standards a) Explains and advises accounting policies and procedures relating to mergers and

acquisitions, joint ventures b) Explains and advises on accounting policies regarding international activities c) Explains and advises re accounting policies concerning research and development

and similar issues d) Periodically reviews policies and procedures of client/organization to ensure that they

are current and contain up-to-date information

9. Adapts policies and procedures in accordance with professional standards a) Adapts accounting policies and advises management on current policies and

procedures such as changes in GAAP b) Adapts and advises management on accounting for such items as accounting for

capital assets, accounting for reserves and similar items.

10. Designs financial accounting and related systems a) Seek out the most appropriate accounting and computer system for the client/organization

situation b) Obtain systems for cash management, accounts receivable, accounts payable,

credit control system, inventory control system, capital assets recording system c) Assists other departments, such as, human resources, purchasing in obtaining

efficient and effective systems

11. Evaluates and advises on financial accounting and related systems a) Prepares reports to management on effectiveness of systems b) Take required action to make any necessary changes

12. Adapts financial accounting systems in response to current and emerging developments a) Where appropriates draws up a proposal for change for management consideration b) Discusses with management at an appropriate juncture in budgeting cycle c) Makes suitable recommendations for change d) Ensures that any adoption is effectively installed and operates in accordance

with required specifications e) Where discrepancies arise takes appropriate action to rectify situation

TECHNICAL KNOWLEDGE: Management Accounting

1. Assesses and advises on performance measurement requirements a) Outlines requirements for:

Making decisions re firm’s operations, such as, product pricing decisions Firm’s advertising and marketing programs Human resources planning Financial ratios and other measures for determining whether the organization is

meeting its financial objectives Determining purchasing efficiency Determining success of R&D function Capital acquisitions planning Measuring success re donations and other similar functions re not-for-profit

organizations

2. Designs, evaluates, and advises on the organization’s performance measurement system a) Ensures full information in respect of the performance systems b) Designs or modifies systems as requirements indicate. For example, a more appropriate

inventory system, may be considered, such as JIT. Costing methods would be considered, synchronization of delivery and usage, internal handling of inventory, shortage, spoilages, lost inventory, warehouse space, etc.

c) In system design takes into consideration most appropriate approach for client’s/organization’s needs, for example, job order costing, process costing, activity-based costing, service department costing

d) Applies cost-volume-profit analysis where suitably applicable e) Considers absorption and variable costing, and standard costing in design deliberations f) Considers client’s/organization’s and budget needs – for example, flexible budgeting

versus static budgeting. g) Considers various cost concepts and cost centres, profit centres and investment centres h) Considers transfer pricing i) Carefully evaluates designed system for suitability j) Advises management on recommended action

3. Adapts performance measures a) Considers various performance measures, such as, product costing, (total-life-cycle

product costing, target costing, Kaizen costing, benchmarks), service standards, outcome measurements, scorecard concepts, industry standards, any other key performance indicators, quality and quantity of output, productivity levels, wastage, breakdown in operations, absentee and sickness levels, environmental problems, customer complaints, etc., and system for management evaluation

b) Carefully analyzes performance results rendered by each measure and tests for validity c) Chooses most suitable measures d) Advises management of most suitable and most effective measures

4. Monitors accuracy of performance measures with respect to corporate strategy and orientation and proposes adjustments, if required a) Carefully analyzes results provided by performance measures to determine if the

corporate strategy and orientation of the client/organization are being met b) Advise management of results c) If required, propose to management any adjustments or change to enhance performance

reporting d) Subscribes or has access to at least one publication related to management accounting e) Attends periodic seminars for update on information

5. Recommends organizational improvements based on results from performance measurement system a) Considers such items in relation to change, for example, advice on cost reduction

strategies, advice on revenue recognition and pricing strategies, changes in business processes, changes in equipment with regard to output, special sales orders, adding or dropping a service, product, or department, decisions on joint products, decisions involving limited resources, decisions regarding outsourcing

b) In making any recommendation to management the proposal must be thoroughly researched, well formulated and positively presented

6. Designs and prepares special reports for decision-making purposes a) Designs at management’s request a report on a costing system, such as, on activity-based

costing, or a report on management performance for shareholder consumption, or, say, a report on the performance of share price and relevant information over a specific period of time

b) Designs a report for management on productivity performance for a given period c) Designs a report for management to meet a government request for information on

environmental issues d) Designs a report for a not-for-profit organization on the performance of its canvassing

team in its recent campaign as compared to previous campaigns

TECHNICAL KNOWLEDGE: Assurance

1. Evaluates and consults on the organization’s assurance needs Under direction where required: a) Arranges for discussions with client/organization management b) Reviews overall situation as to requirements of assurance expected by management c) Determines if attestation versus direct reporting is required d) Determines whether audit or review engagement is necessary e) Considers various aspects of client such as client’s integrity, accounting policies, internal

controls, accounting records, payment history, auditor independence and firm’s resources

f) Considers reason(s) for the engagement, such as, a statutory audit, for a shareholder/partnership agreement, financial purpose, sale of business, a Government requirement, bonding, other

g) Gives greater consideration regarding firm/organization and external relationships if it is a first engagement

h) Considers request by client for other professional services i) Communicates with previous auditor and lawyer if first engagement

2. Determines the scope of the engagement Under direction as required: a) Determines scope of engagement, that is, the extent of the work involved.

For example, responsibility for interim reports, annual report, MD &A, environmental issues,

b) Considers the scope and requirements of the engagement as outlined in the engagement letter

c) Discusses with client any unclear point(s), parts or portion of the engagement letter and obtains mutual agreement on scope of engagement

d) Sets up appropriate documents containing client information, including client profile

3. Determines or advises on whether to accept the engagement Under direction: a) Evaluates potential client and their background b) Discusses with predecessor auditor c) Obtains information re situations concerning conflict of interest d) Examine situations for evaluation of a new client

4. Determines the assurance engagement resource requirements Under direction where required: a) Carefully assesses tasks to be accomplished and time required for completion of

field work including necessary tests of transactions b) Carefully assesses staff requirement to accomplish tasks c) Carefully assesses if any specialist requirements are involved and makes arrangement

for such services d) Carefully assesses technological and other requirements, such as, computers, space

requirements, staff locations

5. Adapts programs or plans in response to new and/or emerging professional standards a) Keeps abreast of changes in requirements required in GAAS releases and guidelines b) Keeps abreast of current assurance problems raised in respect of company audits, such

as, covert management action re accounting c) Under direction, adjusts or adapts programs where relevant information comes to attention

6. Evaluates risks and business issues to determine their impact on the engagement Under direction where required: a) Makes preliminary trend analysis of the client/organization’s assets, liabilities, income

and expense accounts b) Makes preliminary ratio analysis of the client/organization, considering current,

activity, debt and profitability ratios c) Assesses risk in respect of materiality, using qualitative and quantitative factors, with well-

reasoned professional judgment d) Assesses risk in respect of inherent in risk or misstatements in the financial

statements, or any business trends which are showing risk e) Assesses risk in respect of control risk, that is, a material misstatement which will not

be detected by the internal control system f) Assesses detection risk, which is any misstatement that is not detected by the

internal control system, and also is not detected by the auditor. g) Assesses overall audit risk which is the inherent risk times the control risk times the

detection risk h) Plans substantive tests to eliminate or reduce risks in order to reduce the possible detection

risk i) Determines materiality level for not-for-profit organizations, by considering total

expense and/or total revenue factors

7. Identifies, evaluates, and advises on internal control system, and communicates weaknesses to the appropriate level of the organization Under direction where required: a) Considers control environment, including management philosophy and operating

style, organizational structure, management control methods, system development methodology, and management reaction to external influences

b) Considers internal control systems for effectiveness, that is, validity, completeness, authorization, accuracy, classification, accounting and timing

c) Considers the accounting system as relating to collecting, recording and processing data and reporting the results of the data

d) Considers the control procedures which are directed to the reliability of the data and information provided

e) Accurately documents material and other information relating to the control system in accord with GAAS and considers the following the:

Revenue and receipts cycle Acquisition and expenditure cycle Payroll and personnel cycle Inventory and production cycle EDP department

f) In examining the control system takes into account such items as handling of cash, segregation of duties, final approval authority, control of credit, possible fraud risk factors

g) Conveys to client/management findings, in writing

8. Advises on the design and implementation of new or enhanced internal controls Under direction where required: a) On first engagements suggests to client any required changes in the internal control system b) Monitors control internal control system for necessary changes in all audits c) Ensures implementation of new or enhanced internal controls required d) Attends periodic seminars on internal control and keeps informed of current information

9. Develops and/or modifies appropriate assurance procedures for an engagement Under direction where required: a) Makes use of three types of substantive procedures - analysis, tests of account balances

and tests of detail (sampling) b) Implements combination of substantive procedures and control tests where appropriate c) Prepares and undertakes tests of transaction in respect of the revenue and receipts acquisition and expenditure, payroll and personnel, inventory and production, and finance and equity d) Prepares and undertakes tests of balance for assets, liabilities and equity, revenue and

expenses, and other e) Determines whether statistical or non-statistical samples will be used f) Prepares and undertakes sampling technique to be used g) Where beneficial implements computer-assisted auditing techniques (CAATS) h) Prepares review engagement program

10. Executes the assurance program or plan in accordance with professional standards Under direction where required: a) Ensures that plan directions are followed b) Ensures accuracy of implementation c) If doubt exists then seeks assistance of supervisor d) Ensures plan is accomplished in a reasonable time and intentions are met

11. Analyzes and documents the evidence and results of the assurance engagement Under direction where required: a) Carefully reviews documents for accuracy and completeness b) Prepares working papers which are accurate, complete and in good form, with headings

and audit marks, referencing and cross-referencing, incorporation of client-prepared schedules, indexing, colour coding and binders

c) Ensures that all evidence is correctly and clearly recorded d) Where fraud is suspected performs sufficient procedures to dispel or confirm e) Discusses fraud situation with senior auditor and seeks legal counsel

12. Develops conclusions and prepares an assurance report or letter Under direction where required: a) Ensures recognition of subsequent events, contingencies, commitments and

related party transactions b) Finalizes analytical review regarding balance sheet ratios, operating ratios, and equity ratios c) Finalizes financial statement disclosure review as related to financial statements

and notes to financial statements, with GAAP references d) Ensures that a professional not involved in the audit, performs a quality control review e) Ensures final partner review f) Draws up assurance report for audit – unqualified, qualified (for scope), qualified (for

departure from GAAP), denial of opinion (regarding scope), and adverse opinion (resulting from departure from GAAP)

g) Draws up other reports or letters for engagements as required, for review, compliance report, notice to reader, management letter concerning internal control, special reports, reports regarding forecasts, or secondary financial statements issues for a foreign jurisdiction

h) Resolves differences of opinion with client

13. Develops and advises on a framework for detection of fraud Under direction where required: a) Obtains and studies literature with respect to fraud b) Studies situations concerning past accounting frauds c) Attends seminars and contacts professionals regarding forensic accounting d) Develops a framework for detection of fraud

TECHNICAL KNOWLEDGE: Finance and Financial Planning

1. Develops and administers budgets a) Reviews budget information from a general point of view, if necessary, to be fully

conversant with processes b) Reviews organization’s policies and procedures prior to setting up budget information

requirements, for cash, capital and operational budgets c) Utilizes capital budgeting techniques d) Makes recommendations to management re budgets, for example, should the

organization follow flexible budgeting or static budgeting e) Prepares budget information and necessary formats with respect to

organization’s policies, procedures and requirements, for department direction f) Sets deadlines for return of budget information by departments g) Assists departments and replies to questions when necessary h) Sets budget meetings for discussion of budget submissions i) Compiles budget in good form for management consideration and decisions j) Sets up management meetings for budget consideration k) Finalizes organization’s budget with appropriate data and narrative l) Sets up clear, accurate records re performance of all budgets m) Provides periodic performance reports to management n) Sets up any budget meetings required as a result of budget performance o) Keeps supervisor/manager fully informed of all processes p) Reads current literature on budgeting and attends seminars when possible

2. Develops financial forecasts and plans a) Develops forecasts for management, as required, for example, for inclusion in the MD&A

section of the annual report b) Develops projections which focus on more distant plans, and which may contain

some external assumptions, such as, external economic and business predictions c) Creates financial plans for cash requirements and future financing, including projected

financial statements d) Compiles trend analyses for inclusion in reports e) Produces pro forma financial statements and quarterly estimates for management

information and distribution in organization’s reports as required f) Produces information for formation and execution of trusts

3. Manages cash flow and working capital a) Reviews working capital, working capital ratio and quick ratio continually b) Ensures credit levels are not exceeded and that credit policies as laid down are met

c) Frequently reviews bank balances and bank loans, and has a good liaison with bankers d) Receives daily reports on accounts receivable payment levels, and accounts payable e) Receives daily reports on inventory levels f) Review holdings of temporary investments and, as directed by management,

buys or sells securities in order to optimize income and to meet exigencies as they arise,

g) Review prepaid expenses to ensure the optimal is being achieved with prepayments h) Reviews futures contracts to mitigate foreign exchange risk, and determines the correct

accounting treatment for economic hedges in accordance with GAAP

4. Identifies, analyzes, and advises on financial instruments to minimize the financial risk of the issuer, investor, or lender a) Is aware of financial instruments issued or held by the organization, for example,

employee stock options and other derivative items b) Is aware of and advises management, for example, on price risk, which can emanate from

currency risk, interest rate risk and market risk; credit risk, which results from failure to pay by the debtor; liquidity risk, risk which the entity may encounter because of failure to be able to raise necessary funding; and cash flow risk which may occur in cash flows from, for example, a floating rate on a debt instrument

c) Is aware of reporting losses and gains, for example, interest and dividends losses and gains d) Seeks information concerning hedging of foreign currency and commodities e) Reviews hedging transactions regarding interest rates, commodities and foreign

currency daily so that risk protection is optimal f) Is aware of and advises management on natural hedging between assets and

liabilities and endeavours to use natural hedges is much as possible

5. Advises on financing to meet the organization’s goals a) Is fully familiar with the short- and long-term loans owed by the organization b) Is fully familiar with any short- and long-term loans or securities held by the

organization, for example, equity and debt securities c) Advises management on the benefits of various types of financing, such as, short- or

long-term financing in relation to the types of assets held concerning the indebtedness

d) Projects financing required and available for future stability and growth, as related to working capital and capital acquisitions

e) Evaluates financing possibilities and negotiates best rate possible for financing f) Ensures that sufficient cash is available in the bank accounts to meet current payments

of liabilities and loan payments g) Maintains good relations with credit suppliers so that the optimal arrangements can be

attained and ensures good payment record for organization h) Is able to correctly and accurately assess values of securities, such as, using

financial mathematical techniques, for example, present value bond valuation

i) Is able to correctly calculate the weighted-average cost of capital

6. Advises on the capital structure of the organization to maximize the organization’s value a) Advises management on optimal levels for financial leverage b) Advises partnership on optimal and equitable division of profits c) Advises management on public share offerings and liaises with investment firm in

floating of share offerings d) Monitors debt/equity ratio and advises management on required changes

7. Identifies on financial implications of operational strategies a) Analyzes plans very carefully to acquire intellectual property assets b) Recommends in respect of such in relation to other organizational requirements

8. Prepares or evaluates business cases or financial proposals a) Prepares proposal for expansion of a segment of the organization b) Prepares proposal for a restructuring of the organization c) Prepares proposal for a new human resources department d) Develops a program for asset security

9. Assesses the value of a business a) Has taken a business valuation course or has business valuation experience b) Assesses tangible and intangible assets c) Assesses internet business d) Evaluates documents e) Prepares reports for acquisition or sale of a business f) Enlists assistance from specialists

10. Evaluates and advises on growth strategies of an organization or individual a) Prepares and advises on a plan for growth for the organization b) Prepares and advises on a plan for financial planning for an individual c) Enlists assistance from specialists d) Obtains a financial planning designation

11. Evaluates and advises on capital investments, mergers and acquisitions, or sale of a business a) Analyzes potential acquisitions and similar projects b) Considers post-acquisition synergies c) Prepares and reviews valuation reports d) Formulates plans for joint ventures with domestic and foreign partners

12. Identifies financial risk strategy and challenges in the organization’s environment a) Analyzes counterparty transactions to monitor credit risk b) Is aware of types of risk, risk exposure, hedging, including forwards, futures, options and

swaps c) Is aware of and uses devices such as risk sensitivity tables

13. Develops and assesses financial benchmarks a) Determines an appropriate level of ratios for an organization, for example, profitability

ratios, such as, return on equity required, internal rate of return for capital projects and other similar ratios and benchmarks

14. Assesses or designs a financial risk management strategy a) Assesses or designs a financial risk strategy for such as a commodity-based organization b) Assesses or designs a financial risk strategy for an organization which deals

extensively in the foreign market c) Analyzes futures contract to mitigate foreign exchange risk, determines the correct

accounting treatment for economic hedges in accordance with GAAP d) Implements changes in risk strategy where necessary

15. Identifies, analyzes, and advises on financial instruments to minimize risk and their impact on the organization a) Assesses or designs a financial risk strategy for such as a commodity-based organization b) Assesses or designs a financial risk strategy for an organization which deals

extensively in the foreign market c) Analyzes futures contract to mitigate foreign exchange risk, determines the correct

accounting treatment for economic hedges in accordance with GAAP d) Implements changes in risk strategy where necessary

16. Monitors the financial risk management, and recommends and implements changes a) Develops forecasts for management, as required, for example, for inclusion in the MD&A

section of the annual report b) Develops projections which focus on more distant plans, and which may contain

some external assumptions, such as, external economic and business predictions c) Creates financial plans for cash requirements and future financing, including projected

financial statements d) Compiles trend analyses for inclusion in reports e) Produces pro forma financial statements and quarterly estimates for management

information and distribution in organization’s reports as required f) Produces information for formation and execution of trusts

TECHNICAL KNOWLEDGE: General Business

1. Develops and prepares business plans a) As directed by management/client prepares information to meet required plans b) Obtains necessary data for the plans for firm, such items, as sales forecasts, production

costs and general expenses, capital acquisitions, labour requirements and labour market and other necessary data

c) Obtains data on the future for the industry and data on competitive organizations

d) Obtains general economic data as forecasted by the Federal and Provincial governments, as well as, information obtainable from the industry associations, boards of trade and chambers of commerce

e) Has discussions with departments of the Federal, Provincial and/or Municipal governments on anticipated policies and actions. For example, the Municipal government may have plans to approve a golf course which will be adjacent to a sports equipment supplier

f) Consults all area managers on their anticipated plans and expansions g) Keeps supervisor/client fully informed of actions taken h) Draws up draft business plan for management consideration, meeting GAAP

requirements for financial information involved and legal considerations i) Subsequent to discussions, makes necessary adjustments to plans j) Subsequent to approval by management, distributes plan to all concerned k) Sets up records to monitor plan and obtains suitable software if such is available for the

particular l) Monitors plan for results and apprises management of results m) Makes any necessary adjustments to plan and informs those concerned of such changes

2. Analyzes, advises on, and implements business processes and functions a) Has discussions with management regarding objectives, scope and expectations in

respect of additional or changed business processes, for example, processes such as supply-chain management, customer-relationship management, activity-based costing, marketing activities, human resource changes or plans, changes in purchasing processes, expansion of r and d function and similar items

b) Discusses very carefully with any persons involved internally c) When necessary seeks specialist assistance d) Draws up draft plan, with full costing, for consideration of all those involved e) Makes any necessary and beneficial adjustments f) Obtains management’s approval of final draft g) Ensures any contracts required are drawn by legal counsel h) Arranges for appropriate training of staff involved in new or changed process i) Implements process and ensures expected results are achieved j) Ensures necessary changes are instituted k) Monitors results of process/system and keeps supervisor/management informed

3. Advises on business decisions in the context of the legal framework a) Carefully documents any legal requirements as to dates involved, information required

and action to be taken as affecting the organization, for example, business registration, license to hold a function in a local centre, and similar items

b) Keeps management/client fully informed on necessary business decisions and any legal action required

c) Explores legalities on behalf of client/management, for example, incorporation, share issues, labour laws, tax deadlines

d) Ensures client/management meets requirements, including deadlines for submissions, such as legalities requiring employee payments, for example, severance pay, holiday pay, tax remittances, etc.

e) Prepares or supervises preparation of any necessary submission on behalf of client/organization

4. Prepares and advises on contracts structure and enforcement a) Prepares data and other information for legal counsel for impending contracts b) Discusses with management and legal counsel contract structure, for example, contracts

related to acquiring of new or changed systems and similar items c) Monitors contracts for renewal and advises management/client

5. Leads and manages various business systems and process improvements a) Has discussions with management regarding objectives, scope and expectations in

respect of additional or changed business system changes suggested, for example, a new automated accounting system

b) Discusses very carefully with any staff involved with changes in positions c) Seeks specialist assistance d) Draws up draft plan with costing data, for consideration e) Makes any necessary and beneficial adjustments f) Obtains management’s approval of final draft g) Ensures any contracts required are drawn by legal counsel h) Arranges for appropriate training of staff involved in new or changed system i) Oversees implementation of system and ensures expected results are achieved j) Ensures necessary changes are instituted k) Monitors results of system and keeps supervisor/management informed

6. Recognizes market factors and adapts business decisions to the context of the organization’s sector and industry a) Is aware of rising or falling trends in respect of the industry b) Is aware of immediate increased or decreased demand for the product c) Is aware of increased or decreased costs and supply of the product d) Is aware of competitive forces at work in the industry, such as domestic and foreign

competition e) Is aware of any unusual conditions in the industry, for example, new breakthroughs in

R&D or faulty products such as requiring a recall of automobiles f) Is aware of economic conditions and resulting demand and supply of product, for

example, drought conditions in the agricultural sector, or elasticity of demand for the product

g) Keeps management abreast of all industry, economic and government policy factors currently affecting the industry. For example, a change in government policy as affecting subsidies, a change in supply of timber because of bug infestation of the trees.

h) Suggests to management changes in respect of business decisions because of change in demand and supply of the product. For example, a change in letting of contracts for manufacture of a product because of lower costs to be obtained

i) Provides assistance to adapt the business decision to a changed or new condition, such as, changing a security system from one contractor to another

7. Advises on business decisions in the context of larger economic and geo-political conditions a) Is aware of the economic indicators in the economy, such as, levels and changes in GDP,

industry data, factors affecting the economy such as interest rates, the value of the dollar, durable goods output and many other indicators showing the health of the economy

b) Is aware of political changes and issues in both the Federal and Provincial governments c) Reads at least one or more daily publications concerning business, economic and political

issues, for example, the local newspaper and one other of the national dailies such as the National Post or Globe and Mail. Also a very beneficial daily is the Wall Street Journal.

8. Identifies and analyzes risk factors a) Identifies risk and analyzes factors as affect the organization, for example, if an

organization is dealing with and handling derivatives

9. Implements and advises on measures to mitigate risk a) Suggests software system for measuring and controlling risk in respect of hedging and

derivatives b) If no such system available seeks out a specialist to devise a software system, if feasible c) Suggests alarm system for protecting inventory d) Suggests a new system for handling cash to mitigate risk e) Uses risk measures such as variance, co-variance, linear regression, statistical

sampling and theoretical techniques where applicable, probability and linear programming

10. Advises on the development of business continuity planning a) Advises management/client on plans which are essential for the continuity of the business

in the event of the death or retirement of a manager/partner/key staff member, a disaster, for example, a fire or flood, a major change in the technology of a product or a very strong substitution for a product.

b) Implements plans as required by management/client for continuity, for example, IT disaster recovery, liability insurance, contingency planning, key-person insurance, staff succession plan, impact from product life cycle planning

c) Monitors continuity plans to ensure that arrangements are current

11. Advises on issues of corporate governance a) Advises management on such items as audit committee independence, executive

compensation plans, directors’ liability, board accountability b) Where necessary, seeks legal counsel or other specialist assistance to provide required

information, for example, a management consulting advice on executive compensation programs

c) Keeps abreast of corporate governance issues

TECHNICAL KNOWLEDGE: Information Technology

1. Uses technological tools in the workplace a) Utilizes software for working paper and financial statement preparation b) Utilizes software for assurance tasks c) Utilizes software for tax preparation d) Utilizes ERP software e) Utilizes online knowledge bases f) Utilizes software wherever adaptable for financial records

2. Designs and evaluates financial system platform a) Considers most suitable, most efficient and most cost effective system for financial

requirements, for example, a manual system, PC-based system, multi-user LAN-based system

b) Considers various phases of system analysis, such as, survey, study, definitions, feasibility and cost-benefit analysis

c) Considers input mechanisms, processing capabilities, storage, outputs, backup d) With assistance of specialists designs system to meet requirements e) Works closely with any in-house specialists f) Discusses needs with departments concerned with output and other staff involved in

processing g) Informs supervisor/manager/client on progress at each stage

3. Aligns IT strategy with the organization’s business plan a) Studies business plan to determine the system most suitable for providing financial

information b) Sets up discussion with specialists both in-house and externally c) Holds meetings with client/management to present proposed arrangements for

information technology as related to financial information, presenting costs and expected results

d) Finalizes system plans and prepare budget e) Advises on systems that monitor and report on organizational performance, manages or

controls the organizational information system as it relates to financial information f) Monitors tests of financial information received from system and makes changes required g) Keeps supervisor/manager/ client fully informed and presents performance reports to

management

4. Identifies organization’s IT needs to meet financial data processing, control, and reporting requirements a) Identifies key information required for the analysis and recommends information

system, for example, to produce necessary reports required for producing the annual report

b) Assesses controls within an information system, for example, ensures that accurate information is gathered for input into financial system

c) Designs internal controls for both input and output, if required d) Provides management with ongoing information

5. Evaluates advances in technology and their impact on the organization a) Is conversant with e-Commerce, the internet and the intranet technologies, XBRL, and

the world wide web b) Has a talking knowledge of web of telecommunications models and standards and

wireless communications c) Reads currently about new technological possibilities which might/could affect or be

beneficial for adoption by the organization/client

6. Advises on financial implications of IT acquisitions and vendor selection a) Has a good knowledge of software development tools and techniques, preparation,

installation, testing, conversion, and acceptance, and also hardware b) Studies available information technology, both hardware and software which may be

beneficial to the organization/client c) Assesses information technology to be compatible with organization’s/client’s

facilities and equipment d) Ensures system to be acquired is guaranteed for required speed of operation, expected

error output, downtimes, maintenance levels suggested, cost-benefit targets, ease of operation, operator training required

e) Prepares requests for proposals and quotations and evaluates responses, evaluates financial and contractual aspects of acquisition of hardware and software

f) Evaluates financial and contractual aspects of acquisition of hardware and software when received and installed

g) Ensures guarantees of operation are met h) Apprises management/client of any shortcomings or problems i) Takes necessary action to eliminate shortcomings or problems

7. Advises on the development of IT strategy a) Considers management’s/client’s goals for the organization b) Suggests ways and means for development of a strategy for information technology, and

how the use of this strategic device can be beneficial in achieving the organizations goals, for example, monitoring of performance of all operations of the organization, providing crucial information for strategic decisions, giving necessary profiles for situations and required tasks, processing large amounts of information otherwise not feasible

c) Discuss carefully with management/client to build the strategies required for optimal operation of the information technology financial system

8. Advises on the design, development, and implementation of IT projects a) Has a good knowledge of software development tools and techniques, preparation,

installation, testing, conversion, and acceptance b) Arranges for systems project as directed by management/client c) Obtains management’s/ client’s objectives and strategies, for example, an upgrade of an

installation d) Discusses with specialists and recommends most appropriate system, considering costs

and quality output, and such things as processing, data stores, input, and output design; conversion strategies for system delivery

e) Recommends most appropriate system to manager f) Upon approval of plan has meeting with legal counsel to draw up contracts g) Arranges for implementation and monitoring of system and carries out appropriate

tests for user results h) Monitors results on a periodic base and keeps supervisor/manager informed

9. Makes recommendations to safeguard IT assets so as to ensure organizational ability to meet business objective a) At the request of management/client or on own initiative makes a study of the

analyzes and the organization’s internal controls and control environment of the information organization’s information technology area.

b) A study is made of the control of data into the system and the control of the output received from the system

c) Consultation is held with both internal and external specialists d) If necessary, an upgrading plan is presented to the management/client with

appropriate costing, and contracts drawn up with assistance of legal counsel e) Staff training and system usage f) Monitors results by user-testing g) Makes necessary changes where required h) Ensures supervisor/manager is fully informed

10. Make recommendations and develop IT disaster recovery plan a) Outlines emergency recovery plan to management/client b) Ensures appropriate locations storage of for backup software and hardcopies c) Ensures all personnel involved are appropriately trained and have assigned duties should

a disaster occur, if any action is possible d) Separates information technology sections into parts so that all will not likely be

damaged in the same disaster e) Ensures insurance policies are up to date f) Ensures computer virus protection is current g) Ensures that all necessary fire systems and other engineering systems for

protection, such as, smoke detectors, are in place h) Together with building engineer, checks that systems are all working i) For continuity of the operation, ensures there is a backup for every key and other

positions in the information technology section for retirement, termination, resignation, vacation time, sickness, death

j) Distribute copies of the emergency recovery plan to all concerned k) Ensures periodic reports are supplied to management/client

TECHNICAL KNOWLEDGE: Taxation

1. Determine taxpayer’s tax liability a) Collect the necessary data and provide accurate calculations for both individual and

corporate tax returns b) Prepare special tax needs, for example, GST, PST, elections, etc. c) Be familiar with the use of tax software, for example, CANTAX d) Be familiar with the various sources of income for tax purposes and the basic rules for

attribution for each source, that is, employment income, business income, income from property, capital and other income

e) Be familiar with capital gains and losses, non-capital, net capital losses, farm losses and capital cost allowance

f) Distinguish between CCPC and public corporations g) Be familiar with such as Part I tax, Part IV tax, RDTOH, and Small Business Deduction h) Be familiar with business income deductions i) Be familiar with relationships between individuals and/or corporations j) Be familiar with tax on split income, taxable dividends and other shareholders

benefits, and dividend tax credit

2. Determine taxpayer’s taxation and regulatory requirements and exposure a) Prepare tax returns with care in the required form for both individual and corporate

clients so as to conform to CCRA rules and regulations, GAAP and GAAS relevant releases and ITA requirements

b) Keep up-to-date files on CCRA and ITA tax information c) Be fully familiar with changes in tax rules and regulations as relating to

client/organization needs and attend relevant seminars regarding change in tax rules and regulations

d) To have a basic understanding of U.S. tax requirements so as to be able to discuss with clients tax issues in general terms, such as, residence requirements as pertaining to Part I and Part XIII tax, withholding tax, sale of Canadian property, transfer of goods and services, basic international financing, non-arm’s length transactions by non-residents and similar items

e) Liaise with foreign tax jurisdictions within reasonable limits f) Obtain and update tax information from related jurisdictions

3. Evaluate tax implications of proposed and completed transactions a) Use of special elections for tax determination b) Consideration of reporting requirements c) Consideration of withholding taxes d) Give consideration to all possible tax liabilities

4. Ensure compliance with all taxation reporting and filing requirements a) Ensure that correct filing forms are used for tax returns b) Provide reminders of due dates for submission of tax return and payments of tax liabilities c) Ensure that the tax returns are filed on time d) Ensure that the special aspects of the tax are applicable and accurate e) Ensure that client/management are fully apprised fully on the return

5. Analyzes and advises on tax planning issues a) Inform the client/management on tax liabilities, for example, payroll taxes and other

deductions which must be made to meet tax regulations b) Compare the effect of changes in tax rates on client/organization and advise on any

action require by the client/organization to optimize their tax positions. c) Advise on the timing of capital asset purchases to optimize the tax position of the

client/organization d) Considering future plans reviewing the interaction of taxes with the view to

minimizing future tax liabilities. e) Advise on purchase or sale of shares or assets, trusts, estate planning f) Be familiar with Provincial and Federal budgets and tax changes proposed

6. Reviews, advises on, and replies to assessments and re-assessment a) Discuss with tax authorities either orally or in writing specific issues arising from

tax returns submitted on behalf of clients/management, such as objections, appeals and litigation.

b) Agree with final settlement of disputed tax position, including payment schedule and required interest

c) Seek out appropriate legal help where necessary

7. Advises on and provides support for objections, appeals, and litigation

8. Designs and advises on international tax planning

GENERAL MANAGEMENT: Planning

1. Identifies and evaluates strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats associated with an organization’s operational and administrative processes a) Ensures parameters of request for consideration b) Determines outline and plan for investigation c) Considers knowledgeable sources of information both inside and outside, for example,

cross sections of the organization, from management down to the mailroom; considers union leaders involved; outside business writers; surveys of users of the product or service; contemporary articles; government statistics; government policy; foreign policies effects; such as, U.S. policy on lumber, corn, potatoes

d) Considers items, such as, the organization’s reputation, the organization’s processes, liquidity risk; the organization’s ability to hire right type of personnel, personnel policies, how well is the brand recognized

e) Calculates the cost of the operation and obtains management’s/client/s approval f) Gives findings to management

2. Prepares, analyzes, and advises on strategic information to develop an

organization’s operational plan a) Carefully considers organization’s objectives b) Carefully considers all areas to be involved in obtaining information, such as sales,

markets, research, etc. c) Obtains correct information for firm and industry in given market d) Obtains current government statistics e) Discusses with relevant department managers, for example, sales and market groups f) Obtains necessary statistical measures and graphing required g) Includes external information that is pertinent, such as economic factors for a market

research presentation, for example, outlook for the economy, demand for the firm’s product, competition, supply and pricing, industry viewpoints, customer satisfaction, labour supply, future of the industry

h) Brings information together is a well-prepared report for management/client

3. Articulates the requirements and expected performance of the organization’s operational plan to the appropriate stakeholders a) Types of material which would be involved would be the communication of

problems facing the organization, such as, supply requirements, timelines and financial information, for example, earnings information, and non-financial performance, for example, expansions or contractions, anticipation of new risks

b) As requested by management, speaks to the Board of Directors about the plan and problems

c) Speaks to the total staff or staff groups about the plan, as requested by management

d) As requested by management, gives interviews to the media e) As requested by management, deals with government departments

4. Identifies key steps, milestones, and critical systems that are needed for the success of changes to business activities, processes, and operational plans a) Under direction of a senior officer of the company sets out a plan to determine

the necessary information to fulfill the request by management

GENERAL MANAGEMENT: Allocating and Managing Resources

1. Evaluates and advises on the implications of an organization’s access to resources * a) As directed, evaluates markets for raw materials, and semi-finished goods

required and their availability b) As directed, evaluates and reports to management on the various types of labour available c) As directed by management explores possibility of financing availability d) As directed explores foreign sources of supply e) As directed explores for materials and labour for expansion purposes or survival

2. Identifies and evaluates the social costs and benefits of securing resources to meet the organization’s objectives a) As directed carries out studies to identify social costs of securing resources to achieve

organization objectives b) Studies legislation involved and consider environmental costs and benefits c) Outlines impacts on anticipated business decisions d) In report conveys findings to management e) Takes further action as directed by management/client

3. Evaluates and advises on how resource availability affects the organization’s business functions, processes, and administrative procedures based on planning a) Undertakes studies of the business functions, processes and administrative procedures

under the direction of management b) Derives a plan outlining how resource availability affects the organization

4. Articulates the organization’s resource requirements and implements a plan for resource allocation a) As directed by management/client discusses with departments concerned necessary

resources for the plan time period b) Included in discussions about labour, material and financial needs, for example,

determines appropriate staffing levels, calculates EOQ or other measures to evaluate material needs

c) Compares with past years and predicted revenue and sales levels d) Under management’s direction draws up plan for required resources including contingencies e) Obtains management/client’s approval

GENERAL MANAGEMENT: Measuring and Monitoring

1. Evaluates the outcomes of business activities and processes against objectives and benchmarks, and advises on further action a) Uses good benchmarks and sound objectives for measuring purposes b) Establishes output levels, productivity levels, levels of sales and revenue, effectiveness of

pricing strategies, response by customers to new techniques in marketing, health department inspection of premises, including cleanliness of facilities, handling of products, maintenance required, operating equipment breakdowns and information technology problems, expected error levels, absenteeism, sickness, medical visits, staff grievances, staff turnover, stress levels, environmental and air conditioning problems, required levels for financial ratios, (liquidity, activity, debt and profitability), receivables and payables levels, lost discounts on payables, share price fluctuations, bond ratings and changes, customer complaints, transportation and related problems, defective products and warranty payments, defective goods received from suppliers, employee and management performance levels, industry comparisons where possible, comparison with other similar firms, EVA, economic value added, press

coverage (good/bad) c) Takes action with appropriate managers where deficiencies and defects are encountered d) Reports to management/client on any deviations from normal and any action taken

2. Researches, proposes, and implements models to enhance the effectiveness of performance measures and standards in relation to an organization’s strategic plan a) Proposes, researches and implements models to enhance the performance

measures and standards in respect of the strategic plan b) Under the direction of management and with the assistance of a specialist in the field,

researches and proposes models to improve performance measures.

3. Coordinates the implementation of performance measures and standards a) Sets up performance levels on those areas noted in competency one. For example, the

first one shown, “variations in levels of output from period to period” is used to show changes that occur in production activity; or, second, “productivity changes from period to period” to indicate efficiency in the operation

b) Distributes reports to department managers for information c) Gives senior managers reports for all areas d) Draws or has drawn any graphs, charts, and other types of visual presentation which

can express the performance measure more effectively e) Undertakes any action requested by management as a result of performance measures

4. Establishes a performance measurement architecture to ensure that local performance measures are linked to strategic goals and corporate objectives a) As directed by management, ensure performance measures are linked to the strategic

goals and objectives b) Where necessary to accomplish the links, obtains assistance from a specialist

5. Measures, evaluates, and reports on the effects of change on business activities and processes a) Monitors new accounting equipment, for example, new types of chairs and

computers for accounting department. b) Considers output of statements, reports and data, from various aspects, that is,

good/bad. Output could be beneficial but operators may be getting tendonitis in the wrists because of the lack of care in choice of chair type, and height in relation to computer

c) In organizational restructuring the change may be dysfunctional, for example, too many staff members may be reporting to one person with an overload on the supervisor involved

d) Evaluates any changes peripheral to the main change involved, for examples, side effects which may be detrimental to the organization, such as, other departments being affected by the restructuring of one department

e) Monitors very carefully and keeps management fully informed

6. Designs, evaluates, and reports on internal control systems to ensure that management information is complete and accurate a) Carefully assesses the integrity of the organization’s/client’s internal control systems b) Where required, makes necessary changes to rectify any deficiencies in all control situations c) Where virtually systems do not exist, designs and installs, or has installed, new systems

for various types of control. For example, in a manufacturing plant there could be mismeasurement of length of table legs. A system would be designed to ensure that all table legs would be precisely the same length; or in handling of cash receipts, where duties would be split between persons of different units to prevent any embezzlement of cash; or quality control in a bakery, the same amount of dough would be comprise each loaf and the ingredients would be precisely the same, no variation; or ensures that store displays are precisely as intended and are of a neat, attractive character by having specialty and other sales people ensure displays are as required

d) Reports discrepancies to management and action taken to rectify the situation

7. Conducts business process reviews of existing systems, processes and controls within the organization a) Finds or has reported to him by staff that financial statements are indicating

calculation errors causing considerable overtime b) Checks the input data which appears to be accurate c) Contacts specialist to examine the data processing system d) Specialist determines that the system is deficient and out of date e) Accountant compiles a report giving management the cost of a new system and the

costs for refurbishing the current system, together with the benefits and drawbacks to be received from both

f) Receives approval for new system makes changes as required g) Ensures installation or refurbishing, as decided, to be of a high standard and that results

expected are received h) Provides for training of staff as required i) Monitors system operation, giving periodic reports to management

GENERAL MANAGEMENT: Communicating

1. Expresses and exchanges information in a clear and concise manner a) Writes with care so that the full intent of the message will be received b) Explains technical information in clear, plain language c) Speaks at a reasonable pace and speaks clearly d) Is familiar with software, for example, spreadsheets and power point presentations

2. Ensures that information is communicated to the appropriate people on a timely basis a) Ensures that messages to the clients/supervisor/management/committees of the

Board are dispatched on time and to each person who should receive the

message b) Ensures oral messages are delivered promptly and clearly c) Where oral messages cannot be delivered a written message is utilized

3. Selects an appropriate medium to convey information, ideas, and results a) Carefully considers the audience to which the message is directed, for example, if it

is to one person, a small group or a larger number of persons b) If for one person, considers whether an oral or written communication is the most

effective method for the task c) If for one person and oral, determines if it should be a telephone call or an interview. If it

is a written message should it be a letter, or a more formal report d) If a small group is involved should it be a meeting or would a written report or

letter be more appropriate. e) If a larger group, consideration is given to a public meeting or a mail-out report f) For face to face meetings, gatherings, adapts the presentation to meet the needs of the

audience, for example, smaller groups may not need any technical amplification while a larger group may need a desk type amplification and a very large group a public address system

g) Utilizes visual presentations where appropriate

4. Prepares a wide variety of reports for specific purposes using clear, communicative, and professional language a) In audit situations uses the correct type of report required, for example, the

engagement letter, the management letter, unqualified audit report, qualified audit report, etc.

b) Issues the appropriate report for consulting situations, with appropriate support material; financial statements, with supporting footnotes, etc.

c) Issues reports in appropriate languages, for example, English, French, Spanish, Cantonese, Mandarin, and other languages utilized by large numbers of new Canadians

d) Issues reports in appropriate form and prepared in an attractive manner, for example, the use of binders or no binders, well printed, clear graphing and good support material

e) Uses emails in informal communication but hardcopy reports for more formal presentations f) Ensures reports are complete with supporting material

5. Listens, encourages feedback, and follows up to ensure that communications are clearly understood a) Ensures that recipients have a chance to respond, for example, in a meeting give

adequate opportunity for reply to suggestions made b) Ensures adequate time for a reply opportunity with dispatched written reports c) Considers each response to oral or written report, very carefully, for appropriate reply.

For example, in a meeting does not ignore or silence a response because it is a legitimate, critical response

d) Takes ample time in considering and responding before replying to critical written remarks to both internal or external sources, but does not delay reply beyond a

reasonable time period

6. Facilitates resolution between differing viewpoints a) In oral situations, such as a meeting, endeavours to see the advantages and

disadvantages of various responses b) Weighs each response carefully and points out pros and cons of each response and

endeavors to bring consensus c) Discusses with client/management important factors affecting the organization in

business disputes and contract negotiations d) In both written and oral responses, enunciates very carefully the client’s/management’s

viewpoints e) Endeavours to reach solutions which encompasses the most beneficial

approach for the client/organization, for example, in dispute situations and contract negotiations

7. Maintains positive, productive relationships with clients, stakeholders, colleagues, supervisors, and staff a) In all dealing with clients, stakeholders, colleagues, supervisors and staff endeavours

to keep a positive outlook at meetings, in daily conversations and dealing both internally and externally

b) Maintains a positive tone in written communications

8. Structures external communications to project an appropriate corporate image a) When being interviewed or questioned is careful to protect the organization’s image in

replies given b) Gives honest replies but withholds confidential or proprietary information c) In written replies carefully considers each statement made to protect the organization’s

image d) Always bears in mind that written replies can be reproduced by others at a later time e) Remembers spoken replies can for a time reappear

9. Ensures confidentiality with respect to organizational or client information and data a) Information gained from the client’s records or received orally in interviews or

otherwise, is treated in strict confidence. b) Client’s information which is in possession is retained by the holder and safely stored

when possible to do so, for example, information taken from the client’s/ organizations premises is well protected and stored in a place accessible only to those who legitimately have access to it

LEADERSHIP: Organizational and Strategic Leadership

1. Contributes to the organization’s strategic planning initiatives

a) Considers the strategic goals and objectives of the organization and considers suitable ways and means to advance suggestions for review by the client/management, for example, a major change suggested in organizational policy regarding acquisition of product from foreign suppliers

b) Considers all facets of the suggestions made so that management will have the full intent of the improvement or change suggested

2. Assumes leadership at the appropriate phases of planning, action, and evaluation a) Obverses opportunities for betterment of the organization, for example, in

suggesting and presenting a risk assessment proposal b) Presents suggestions for focus of the organization, for example, identifying directions

that might be taken, such as, acquisition of another operation, product or similar expansion

c) Presents proposal for a major change in plans, for example, the business plan

3. Recognizes and takes action on opportunities to combine professional resources through partnering arrangements a) Presents proposal for a change in the organization’s human relations policies to engender

more team work in the operation, for example, in a college situation the business department be included in the same unit as the social science department, or the English department coupled with the Sciences; or in a firm, the r and d department be part of the operations area; or the human relations departments have representatives through the organization rather than being mainly located in one area; or in a university, offering a multi-disciplinary degree; or in a government department, pairing together education and community services

b) Present a proposal for one CGA partnership to team with another CGA partnership to present seminars, for example, in business valuation, experts being drawn from each group to cover specialized topics; present a proposal for two railways to have a joint facility on the use of tracks and other technical facilities, and eliminating double maintenance of separate facilities; present a proposal for two oil and gas exploration companies to have a joint venture in a newly found deposit of oil and gas; present a proposal where two adjacent lumber mills could join and have one mill for use of both companies with a joint output

4. Contributes to development of organizational vision and mission a) Considers the overall situation with respect to the organization’s mission b) If a vision and mission statement exists, considers improvements which may be achieved c) If no mission statement exists judiciously works with management to have a statement

setting out the real mission of the organization for distribution to all stakeholders, so that all will know the target at which they are aiming

d) Where opposition appears, very carefully and judiciously encourages participation and indicates the values of having goals and objectives to achieve. For example, a mattress supply company may have as one of its goals and part of its mission, to supply the best mattresses from the points of view of comfort, health, cost and customer satisfaction, which gives all those employed by the company a goal for which to work

5. Implements and manages change in the organization a) As directed, creates a proposal for new processes for the senior management in

dealing with the Board of Directors and Committees of the Board, as well as voting arrangement by shareholders

b) As directed by management, a review of the vision for the organization and mission statement, proposing any broad changes which might be required in the light of changed conditions, for example, a change in focus of the organization’s emphasis on products lines, such as, a department store changing focus from a supplier of virtually all types of goods - furniture, clothing, notions, chinaware, appliances and housewares, cosmetics, jewellery, toys, sportswear and sports equipment, to a establishment handling only clothing, cosmetics, sports equipment, and small departments containing limited furniture and appliance items.

LEADERSHIP: Team Leadership and Development

1. Leads team members to sustain and enhance the organization’s vision a) In briefing the team members on the tasks to be achieved, emphasises the need to

keep before them the need to meet the goals and objectives and enhance the vision of the organization

b) Emphasises the need for accurate work of high quality c) Ensures team members of full support and openness to any questions or concerns

2. Builds and motivates high-performance teams to achieve goals a) Recognizes the value of cross-functional teams in making the team members more

versatile and engendering more cooperation between the members of the team b) Institutes cross-functional teams as widely as possible c) Recognizes the value of delegating authority and decision-making to team members d) Delegates authority and decision-making to lowest level at which it can be effective e) Sets reasonable goals and objectives for all team members, for example, if posting

invoices, a reasonable target would be set and adjusted if not realistically attainable

f) Is positive in dealing with team members and is available for queries and advice g) Makes certain concerns of team members are given attention h) Ensures physical arrangements are suitable for team members

3. Delegates work and supervises staff to maximize individual strengths and develop team members a) Prior to the commencement of a project, if necessary, has team members complete a

questionnaire giving important details of their past work and, work desired, what they consider are their strengths, and also their education and training.

b) Carefully considers tasks to be accomplished and distributes the various tasks in

accordance with a good balance between efficiency and affording the team members learning opportunities and new challenges

c) Ensures that each team member is satisfied with the assignment they receive. If not, endeavours to make adjustments to bring harmony to the group

d) While not always possible to totally satisfy each person, endeavours to give good reasons for the decision made

e) Ensures proper equipment is available for team members and where schedules are required, such are available

4. Invites and accepts constructive input and feedback from team members a) In conversations encourages team members to express their thoughts b) Holds meetings of team members to discuss important ideas c) Encourages suggestions, ideas and observations both orally and written d) When team members advance an idea which is adopted, gives appropriate recognition

to the team member e) When a negative reply is necessary gives an honest, straightforward reason or reasons for

the non- adoption f) Works closely with the members and endeavours to make each feel that they are an

important part of the total team effort g) Recognizes good work with appropriate rewards, such as promotion if such is a possibility

5. Alerts others to the need for specific changes in the way things are done a) Explains in a straightforward, honest manner, to team members the reasons

for planned organizational or procedural change

b) Builds a trust with each team member so that they can be certain as to the truth as affecting the total unit. If there is as confidential issue involved and it is not available for public consumption, then he/she so states that the information at that point cannot be divulged and will be released as soon as possible. Honesty is paramount

6. Manages stress within the team a) If stress within the team units is detected then takes appropriate action to reduce

the stress and answer any problems which have arisen from the situation b) Remains calm and listens to all persons involved c) Endeavours to mediate conflicts or stress situations in the group being careful to

consider all facts and to hear from each team member involved d) Makes every effort to detect and eliminate stress causing situations, for example, should

there be stress between two employees working adjacent to each other, then one or both should be moved to another location.

e) If there is as mental or physical health problem takes steps to obtain medical assistance for the team member involved

LEADERSHIP: Staff Coaching and Training

1. Provides guidance, direction, and motivation when assigning tasks or assisting staff a) In assignment of staff/team members carefully reviews the processes required in the tasks

involved, ensuring that each team member is comfortable with the tasks at hand. For example, ensures that computer input for a task provides the results required and does not leave the team members on their own with a confusing and frustrating situation

b) Introduces the task in a light-hearted manner, while pointing out some of the things the team member might add to the process; also, ensuring the team member that the work to be accomplished is an important part of the total task. For example, a team member may think that entering accounts payable information is fairly pedestrian but with a little care and concern, the team member is shown how it is one of the information pillars which is so essential for the final output of the financial reports

2. Ensures that all staff have clearly defined job descriptions, goals, and objectives to ensure that all are aware of their duties and have a basis for evaluation a) In determining the distribution of work ensures that clear job descriptions are

drawn so that the staff/team members will have no doubts about what is required of them

b) In assigning the work ensures that each of the staff/team members understand the goals and objectives of the task and the overall picture of the organization

c) Ensures that the job description and arrangement of the work can be evaluated, for example, clear distinction on output processes, clear delineation between tasks of similar functions

3. Evaluates staff performance and provides constructive feedback to enable staff to achieve their potential a) In evaluating staff/team members points out strengths and weaknesses, areas where

improvement can be made and does so in a diplomatic and uncritical manner b) Takes great care when necessary to point out personal criticisms and does so only when

there is a job interference involved. For example, excessive talking in work hours, a large number of personal telephone calls, habits which annoy others, such as, constant humming and similar issues. Ensures the discussion is about the issue and its effects and not on the personal characteristics and criticism of the person

c) Is careful not to raise personal issues which could be a subject for the Charter of Rights and Freedoms unless discussed with supervisor and legal counsel is sought for advice on what action to take. For example, tardiness by a staff member because of a religious rite which is important to their beliefs

d) Endeavours to discuss problems in a positive way, encouraging the staff/team members to react in a positive manner

4. Provides career planning and coaching resources to help prepare staff for future

opportunities in the organization a) Distributes information received about the local professional programs and educational

institutions b) Distributes information on job opportunities which occur in the organization c) Discusses with staff/team members possible seminar attendance on subjects

related to the organization d) Posts on notice boards interesting information regard opportunities for advancement e) In a quite manner has discussion with individual staff members, say, at lunch or coffee

break, and slowly steers the conversation to the staff member’s future plans f) Very carefully assesses each employee both in an internal and external setting, if

possible, to observe their strengths in relation to channels of advancement which may afford an opportunity for expression of their talents

5. Encourages staff contribution of ideas to improve systems and work environments a) Ensures that sufficient publicity, both oral and written, is disseminated to ensure

staff/team members that ideas and suggestions are very welcome b) Establishes a suggestion system ensuring staff members that suggestions are

anonymous unless staff members agree to their publication c) Great care is taken to give every suggestion full consideration and a honest, complete

answer is given to the suggestor d) If the suggestion is adopted considers a reward, for example, a percentage of savings

made by the adoption of the suggestion, or a memento, or time off

6. Advises on managing performance a) Devises measures such as financial ratios to assesses the achievement of management,

the more senior the manager the more responsibility for the overall financial success of the organization

b) Devises measures of output and productivity c) Devises measures to assess human relations activities and employee satisfaction d) Devises measures to assess customer satisfaction e) Devises ways and means to achieve comments from colleagues and superiors of the

manager f) Devises methods to assess work standards and control of output, such as wastage, or on

the other hand, high quality production g) Devises methods to assess the overall outlook of the manager and his/her attitude

towards the organization’s strategic plans and objectives h) Devises method of compensation keeping in mind short-term incentives such as, salary,

bonus and perks, and from a longer-term viewpoint awarding of shares or stock options i) After discussion with his/her supervisor/manager, consults with outside experts on ways

and means for coaching and training managers

PROFESSIONALISM: Client Focus

1. Anticipates and meets the needs and expectations of internal and external clients a) Carefully obtains as much information as possible when a new client is acquired. b) Seeks out the goals and objectives from senior management c) Builds up a file of information for each client and ensures that information

received is double- checked. For example, endeavour to cross-check by different sources

d) Examines each department to ensure that as complete a picture as possible has been gained of the organization

e) Ensures complete confidential files, with strong backup material carefully stored in a safe place.

f) Monitors changes in the organization and updates file g) Brings to the attention of management information or items of interest or of important

2. Applies client focus, recognizing and observing the need for independence and objectivity a) Works closely with the client and the staff in building a good rapport as the work progresses b) Is diplomatic in dealing with the client and staff and others who deal with the

client, such as, customers, suppliers, trades people c) Carefully considers changes required and discusses client d) Implements changes when approved by the client e) Takes no action which will jeopardize his independence from the client’s organization

3. Represents clients’ interests when changes are proposed to standards and regulations a) Keeps abreast of all changes proposed for GAAP and GAAS b) Advises client of relevant changes and explains the effect such could have on

the client’s organization c) Determines any extra costs which may be involved d) Attends any hearings regarding the proposed changes e) Informs client of outcome and actual effect on the organization, for example, a change

in accounting for pensions. Gives a clear outline of the costs, the effect on the financial statements and the effects as relating to the employees

f) Keeps abreast of any change in securities regulations by provincial securities commissions or any other government organization which issues regulations concerning the client, for example, regulations re forestry for a forest operation

g) Advises client of any changes which will affect the organization, for example, such as stumpage rates in the forest industry or tariffs imposed by foreign governments

h) Keeps current on all such changes in regulations and documents all information available on the subject

PROFESSIONALISM: Ethics and Trust

1. Applies professional ethical standards a) Reviews the Code of Ethics periodically b) Takes account of information published on unethical, immoral or illegal activities in the

profession

c) Constantly ensures that confidential information possessed is not divulged to anyone who should not have such information

d) Is careful to avoid areas of conflict of interest and seeks advice and assistance from the Association if there appears to be doubt

e) Seek legal counsel if a situation appears to be of an illegal nature

2. Exercises consistently high level of professional judgment a) Considers all factors in exercising judgment of cases and situations b) Is consistent in judgments even though a close friend, relative or other relationship is

involved c) Deals honestly with a client even though the truth to the client may not be favourable d) Seeks assistance from the association or other source where doubt exists and to the

judgment to be made e) Researches within reason to be certain judgment being made is the correct one f) Keeps informed on recent published judgments re the profession

3. Protects the public interest a) Gives support to accounting and auditing standards and legislation that is strong and

work for the public good b) Is constructively critical where standards are weak or legislation is unfair or

oppressive from the public viewpoint c) Seeks consistent treatment for all government recognized accounting groups, that is, all

who hold a charter from government d) Is constantly aware of new standards, regulations or legislation which may or will

affect the accounting profession and the public interest

4. Plans and exercises due diligence a) Exercises care when planning and constructing due diligence checklist in mergers and

acquisitions or public listing cases b) Exercises due diligence when conducting financial statements reviews c) Exercises due diligence conducting and managing operations d) Exercises due diligence when dealing with human relations matters e) Ensures that all practices are ethical and meet the Code of Ethics

5. Assesses and advises on the organization’s policy on privacy of personal and corporate information a) Studies privacy legislation, regulations and case decisions to be fully aware of the

ramifications of the law b) Reviews with the client the situation where release of information is required and non-

release can be maintained c) Takes particular care in handling of documents and computer files so that the

information will be kept confidential and stored so it will be fully protected from water, flood and fire damage

d) Is only released on the signature of senior persons designated by the Board of Directors and the signature(s) of those responsible for the physical handling of the material.

e) Attends meetings and hearings on behalf or with the client re release of information f) Studies new information on the privacy legislation and regulations and keeps abreast of

new case decisions

6. Demonstrates professional courtesy a) Treats with respect and is helpful to the successor accountant when a client chooses to

engage the services of another professional accountant b) Is conscious of the fact that the same courtesy would be expected if he/she were

dealing with another professional c) Even where a person becomes abusive, maintains calm and reacts in a professional manner

7. Maintains and enhances the reputation of the Association and the profession a) Is positive about the Association at all times b) If there is a concern about an issue regarding the Association brings it to the

attention of the administration c) When the opportunity arises, endeavours to advance the status of the Association, for

example, if asked to participate in a local trade show, does so if the situation is appropriate

PROFESSIONALISM: Integrative Approach

1. Aggregates information from a variety of sources to obtain the “big picture” a) Obtains as much information as possible when faced with consideration of and decision

concerning an issue or problem, for example, where an employee has a disagreement with his/her supervisor. Obtains full information from both sides of the situation

b) Affords a fair hearing to all concerned before making any decision c) Enjoys the trust of his/her supervisor, staff members, client and others as shows

evidence of fairness in examining, investigating and making decisions re personal problems

d) In making an organization report considers every relevant aspect and integrates the various parts, for example, if there are accounting, finance and taxation problems, each is explored and woven

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