UAEM EU Conference

Open Access, Open Science and Open Innovation – A solution to the drugs problem?

Joe McArthur (@R2RC)Assistant Director, Right to Research CoalitionCo-founder, Open Access Button

UAEM EU Conference, UCLApril 25, 2015

Launched in Summer 2009.

Built around the Student Statementon the Right to Research: access toresearch is a student right

International alliance of 77 graduate &undergraduate student organizations,representing nearly 7 million students

We Educate + Advocate for Open Access

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My slides, videos and more: www.righttoresearch.org/learn/uaem-eu-conference

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What’s the drug problem?

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The IP pie

Copyright Trademarks

PatentsOther

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Open Access

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Open Access

Free, immediate online access to scientific & scholarly articles with full reuse rights

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Open Science

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Open Science

Open science is the concept of opening up all aspects of scientific research, to allow others to follow the process and collaborate. There is no formal definition of open science, but it usually incorporates areas, such as open access, open peer review, post publication peer review, and open data. Additionally, it includes other ways to make science more transparent and accessible during the research process, such as open notebook science, citizen science, and aspects of open source software and crowd-funded research projects

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Open Innovation

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Open Innovation

Open innovation is a paradigm that assumes that firms can and should use external ideas as well as internal ideas, and internal and external paths to market, as the firms look to advance their technology

Chesbrough, Henry William (1 March 2003). Open Innovation: The new imperative for creating and profiting from technology. Boston: Harvard Business School Press. ISBN 978-1578518371.

Access to the building blocks of knowledge

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$15,508

Prices generated with Elsevier’s pricing tool, for an institutional subscription with more than 5 users for an academic institution in the US with 50,001+ FTEs. Pricing tool URL:http://www.myelsevier.com/browse/product_details.jsp?productId=ELS_AG_BS-PRD-00942#

$39,082

Robert Darnton, “The Library: Three Jeremiads,” New York Review of Books, December 23, 2010http://www.nybooks.com/articles/archives/2010/dec/23/library-three-jeremiads

Average journal price in Chemistry:

Biology

= $2,520

Geography

= $1,308

Physics

= $3,870

= $4,215

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Source: Library Journal 2014 Periodicals Pricing Survey“Steps Down the Evolutionary Road | Periodicals Price Survey 2014,” by Stephen Bosch and Kittie Henderson. Library Journal, April 11, 2014: http://lj.libraryjournal.com/2014/04/publishing/steps-down-the-evolutionary-road-periodicals-price-survey-2014/#_

Source: Library Journal 2014 Periodicals Pricing Survey“Steps Down the Evolutionary Road | Periodicals Price Survey 2014,” by Stephen Bosch and Kittie Henderson. Library Journal, April 11, 2014: http://lj.libraryjournal.com/2014/04/publishing/steps-down-the-evolutionary-road-periodicals-price-survey-2014/#_

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-25%

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425%

Graph 2 Monograph and Serial Costs in ARL Libraries, 1986-2011*

Source: ARL Statistics 2010-11 Association of Research Libraries, Washington, D.C.*Includes electronic resources from 1999-2000 onward.

% C

hange

Sin

ce 1

986

Serial Ex-penditures(+402%)

Monograph Ex-penditures(+71%)

Monographs Purchased (10%)

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Publishing obscure academic journals is that rare thing in the media industry:

“a licence to print money.”

Source: The Economist, “Open Sesame,” April 14, 2012: http://www.economist.com/node/21552574www.sparc.arl.org

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Publishing is big business…

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Publishing is big business…

39%

Source: “Elsevier STM publishing profits rise to 39%” http://poeticeconomics.blogspot.com/2014/03/elsevier-stm-publishing-profits-rise-to.html

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Is there a reason publishing

should be this expensive?

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http://www.phdcomics.com/comics/archive.php?comicid=1200

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80% of research is

publicly funded

Source: “Academic Publishing: Survey of funders supports the benign Open Access outcome priced into shares, HSBC Global Research,” February 11, 2013: https://www.research.hsbc.com/midas/Res/RDV?ao=20&key=RxArFbnG1P&n=360010.PDF

1

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Does our publishing system

what we entrust to distribute the knowledge we work so hard to create

share our values?

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Closedacademic publishingbreaks the Internet

We can do better.

Slide credit: Nicole Allen

Free, immediate online access to scientific & scholarly articleswith full reuse rights

Budapest Open Access Initiative

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Two paths to Open Access

Self-archiving

Open AccessJournals

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1. Publish in an open-access journal

X >10,000

Source: Directory of Open Access Journals: www.doaj.orgwww.sparc.arl.org

X 2,000

2. Publish (most) anywhere, deposit into an open-access repository

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Source: www.sherpa.ac.uk/romeo/statistics.php?la=en&fIDnum=|&mode=simple

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Source: www.sherpa.ac.uk/romeo

Benefits of Open Access

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http://whatshouldwecallgradschool.tumblr.com/post/75410649038/when-my-paper-gets-cited

2014 European Commission Report:

+40.3% citation advantage for freely accessible papers

-27.0% citation disadvantage for non-freely accessible papers

Source: European Commission Report: “Proportion of Open Access Papers Published in Peer-Reviewed Journals at the European and World Levels—1996–2013URL: http://science-metrix.com/en/publications/reports#/en/publications/reports/proportion-of-open-access-papers-published-in-peer-reviewed-journals-at-the

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Valeria Aman , The potential of preprints to accelerate scholarly communication – A bibliometric analysis based on selected journalshttp://arxiv.org/abs/1306.4856

Mphatso NguluweDeputy PrincipalCollege of Nursing, Ekwendeni

Source: http://www.soros.org/initiatives/information/focus/access/articles_publications/articles/openaccess_20070419

HIV and AIDS have hit us in Africa the hardest, and it is up to us to learn what we can to fight the disease. If we can’t obtain the best information, we can’t succeed in our struggle and millions more will die. Some researchers have even come here from abroad to work, gone home, and published their findings;

but articles they’ve written cannot be accessed here.

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What are early career researchers doing to advance

Open Access?

Make yourwork openlyavailable on The Internet

Mike Taylor: The SV-POW! open-access decision treesvpow.com/2013/05/11/the-sv-pow-open-access-decision-tree/

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Raise awareness about Open Access on campus and beyond

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i) confirms the importance of students having access to research journals and articles as part of their training;

ii) notes the high cost to institutions and individuals when accessing scholarly literature;

iii) proposes that this could hinder medical students in their development as ‘The Doctor as the Scientist’ as well as developing an evidence based clinical approach;

iv) welcomes and endorses the Right To Research Coalition’s statement on Open Access to research literature.

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June 25, 2012

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Setting the Default to Open:Institutional & Funder Policies

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Institutional Open Access Policies

270 Institutions in 45 countries Data

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Research Funder Open Access Policies

115 Research Funders in 28 Countries Data

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1,000+ Congressional lobbying visits over the past 5+ years

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Open Science = Open Access on Steroids

Open science is the concept of opening up all aspects of scientific research, to allow others to follow the process and collaborate. There is no formal definition of open science, but it usually incorporates areas, such as open access, open peer review, post publication peer review, and open data. Additionally, it includes other ways to make science more transparent and accessible during the research process, such as open notebook science, citizen science, and aspects of open source software and crowd-funded research projects

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Is there anything UAEM could learn?

• Funders are key. Engage them fully and have them see this as their issue

• Build community internationally. • Find champions who are already

doing what you want. • Telling stories is key. David vs

Goliath.

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So, can openness solve the drug problem?

Sign up for updates on OpenCon 2015:opencon2015.org/attend

Full recordings of OpenCon 2014 atbit.ly/opencon2014videos

OpenCon 2014 Speakers Included:

• Deputy Assistant to the President of the United States for Legislative Affairs

• Chief Commons Officer, Sage Bionetworks

• Associate Director for Data Science, U.S. National Institutes of Health

• Co-founder, Open Library of the Humanities

Thank you!

[email protected] or @Mcarthur_Joe

My slides, videos and more: www.righttoresearch.org/learn/uaem-eu-conference