Turn in your Maslow worksheet to the tray. Put your map on your desk. I will check it later. You will need to take notes during today’s lecture. This PowerPoint.

Prime Time

Prime TimeTurn in your Maslow worksheet to the tray.Put your map on your desk. I will check it later.You will need to take notes during todays lecture.This PowerPoint will be on my website.World ReligionThese are a few we will need to study for context of the history we are covering. This is not an all-inclusive discussion of world religions.Religion often includes:a set of beliefs and stories explaining the cause and purpose of the universe,

Rituals and practices that are part of the worship of a God or gods,

a moral and ethical code to guide human behavior,

An organized community of believers.

Religion: Questions in commonHow was the universe created?Who created the universe?What does this creator want from us?What happens to us when we die?What is the right way to live?

ReligionWhere does religion fit into Maslows Hierarchy?

Religious DiscussionsWe teach about religions.We wont speculate about Truth (capital T).We will be respectful.Every religion tells us something about humanity.Every religion can look strange from the outside (remember ethnocentrism).

Religious DiscussionsUnderstanding religions will help us understand why the world is the way it is today. It will help us understand the decisions that people make. We are all learning (including me).

Over 2 billion ChristiansAlmost 1.5 Billion Muslims

Religion vocabOrthodox- conforming to established teachings, traditional. From ancient Greek: Straight/correct+ Thinking/beliefDoctrine- Teachings, principles, beliefsDogma- Official system of beliefHeresy- a belief or theory that goes against orthodoxySchism- A division within a religious group

Roman GodsJupiter - King of the Gods Juno - Queen of the Gods Neptune - God of the Sea Pluto - God of Death Apollo - God of the Sun Diana - Goddess of the Moon Mars - God of War Venus - Goddess of Love Cupid - God of Love Mercury - Messenger of the Gods Minerva - Goddess of Wisdom Ceres - The Earth Goddess Proserpine - Goddess of the Underworld Vulcan - The Smith God Bacchus - God of Wine Saturn - God of Time Vesta - Goddess of the Home Janus - God of Doors Uranus and Gaia - Parents of Saturn Maia - Goddess of Growth Flora - Goddess of Flowers Plutus - God of Wealth

Mesopotamian ReligionWeather GodsMust sacrifice in order to please the gods.The gods are just as petty as humans.The afterlife: A dismal, gloomy place, the land of no returnThe Babylonian gods (worship of idols)

The Abrahamic Religions:Judaism, Christianity, Islam18And in thy descendants shall all the nations of the earth be blessed; because thou hast obeyed my voice.

The Story of the Jews:Bad luck with big empiresGod promises to protect Abrahams people, and give them the land of Canaan (Israel).The CovenantThe people fail to please god = drought and famine.

Ten Plagues of EgyptWater to bloodFrogsGnats or LiceFliesLivestock DiseasedBoilsThunder and HailLocustsDarknessDeath of the FirstbornGod still helps themPassover (God Protects them, saves them from slavery).

The Ten CommandmentsA Covenant: A Mutual Promise

Graven Image=Idol worship (worshipping a physical representation of the gods)

What is the focus of these commandments?

Bad luck with Big EmpiresThe Jews are conquered by the Assyrians.

Jerusalem (and Solomons Temple) destroyed by Babylonian Empire.

King Nebuchadnezzar sends them to Babylon.

The Story of the Jews:Bad luck with big empiresThe Jews Rebel against the Romans (twice).The Romans destroy the Second Temple.

ChristianityChristians believe that Jesus is the Son of God, fully divine and fully human, and the savior of humanity whose coming was prophesied in the Old Testament. Consequently, Christians refer to Jesus as Christ or the Messiah.The Trinity is an essential doctrine of mainstream Christianity. "Father, Son and Holy Spirit" represents the transcendence of God.The Teachings of JesusIf someone takes your coat, let him have your shirt as well.

Give to everyone who asks for something, and when someone takes what is yours, do not ask for it back.

Do for others only what you would want them to do for you.

ErasBC: Before Christ

BCE: Before Current EraAD: Anno Domini (The year of the Lord, the date that Jesus was believed to be born)

CE: Current EraPower: Religion/militaryHow did the Roman Empire affect the spread of Christianity?

Who was Paul? Why is he so important?

Why did Christianity grow in ways that Judaism did not?

Saint PaulSpread the Gospel of Christianity throughout the Roman Empire.

Preached that anybody could become a Christian, not just Jews.

Christianity began as a Jewish sect in the Levant of the middle east in the mid-1st century

Christianity: a universal religion.Early IslamWhy was Mecca so important to the early Muslims?What was Muhammads job, before he was a prophet?How did Islam begin?What does Islam mean?What are the five pillars of Islam?

IslamThe Quran mentions the names of numerous figures considered prophets in Islam, including Adam, Noah, Abraham, Moses and JesusQuran is verbatim word of God.The purpose of existence is to worship God.Religious concepts and practices include the five pillars of Islam, which are basic concepts and obligatory acts of worship: touches on virtually every aspect of life and society, providing guidance on topics from banking and welfare, to family life and the environment.Most Muslims are of two denominations: Sunni (7590%) or Shia (1020%).Islam5 Pillars are: (1) the shahadah (creed), (2) daily prayers (salat), (3) almsgiving (zakah), (4) fasting during Ramadan and (5) the pilgrimage to Mecca at least once in a lifetime.Muhammad known as a descendant of Ishmael (Abrahams son)Muslims believe that the verses of the Qur'an were revealed to Muhammad by God through the archangel Gabriel on many occasions until his death on June 8, 632. While Muhammad was alive, all of these revelations were written down by his companions or memorized and spread orally.Islam after MuhammadMuhammad dies in 632.Arabs on the Arabian peninsula are politically united, powerful, and inspired to spread Islam.But Muslims are divided on the issue of leadership.They elect CaliphsCaliph=deputy, successorThe Caliphs use Muhammads teachings to guide them.

Islam Expands quicklyWell-organized, united army.

The equality of Islam attracts converts.

Muslims believed that they had a duty to spread Islam.

Jihad: two meaningsInner spiritual struggle against evilOutward physical struggle against unbelievers.

People of the BookIslam has a special relationship with Christianity and JudaismThey do not force conversions.They allow them to keep churches and synagogues open.They do have to pay a special tax.

Diversity within religionsChristianity:CatholicsEastern OrthodoxMethodistsPresbyteriansBaptistsMaroniteEtc.

Islam:SunniShia (Shiite)SufiAlawiteDruze

HomeworkRemember to print the Mesopotamia Packet from my website. You need it in class tomorrow. Failure to have it will result in a zero on your assignment.Your venn diagram is not due until Monday.There will be a map quiz on Tuesday (be ready to locate any of the items on your map from yesterday).