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Technique Dictionary

X

XAMPP [noun] /ˈzæmp/ or /ˈɛks.æmp/; a free and open source cross-platform web server package, consisting mainly of the Apache HTTP Server, MySQL database, and interpreters for scripts written in the PHP and Perl programming languages.

XAMPP is sometimes used to actually serve web pages on the World Wide Web. A special tool is provided to password-protect the most important parts of the package.

Wikipedia.com

xerography [Noun ]/zĭ-rŏg’rǝ-fē/

From the Greek xeros and graphos, meaning "dry writing." A method of reproducing text and/or images in which dry resinous toner transferred from an electrostatically charged plate is thermally adhered to a sheet of paper or some other copying surface inside a photocopier (originally called a xerox machine). The result is a photocopy or xerox copy. Xerography is a form of reprography. Click here to learn more about how xerography works, courtesy of HowStuffWorks.

In 1937, the process called Xerography was invented by American law student Chester Carlson. Carlson had invented a copying process based on electrostatic energy. Xerography became commercially available in 1950 by the Xerox Corporation. Xerography comes from the Greek for "dry writing".

http://lu.com/odlis/odlis_x.cfm

Xerox

[noun] /ˈzɪərɒks/

Xerox is a fortune 500 global document management company (founded in 1906) which manufactures and sells a range of color and black-and-white printers, multifunction systems, photo copiers, digital production printing presses, and related consulting services and supplies.

Xerox is headquartered in Norwalk, Connecticut (moved from Stamford, Connecticut in October 2007[1]), though its largest population of employees is based in and around Rochester, New York, the area in which the company was founded. On September 28, 2009, Xerox announced the intended acquisition of Affiliated Computer Services for $6.4 billion. Xerox holds a Royal Warrant from HM Queen Elizabeth II and the Prince of Wales.

www.hitechreview.com/.../7472/

Xmodem[noun] /eks-madm/; A file transfer protocol developed by Ward Christensen around 1977. It is fairly slow by today's standards, but was the first widespread file transfer protocol. It uses blocks of 128 bytes, and after each block is sent, it sends a 1 byte checksum to check for errors. If an error is encountered, the block will be re-sent. Almost every communications program offers this protocol.

High Performance Ethernet ADSL ModemCapable of speeds upto 8Mb the X-Modem helps you get the most from your ADSL service

Wikipedia.com

XSLT(Extensible Style Sheet Language Transformation)

[Noun ] /ĭk-stěn'sə-bəl stīl shēt lāng'gwĭj trāns'fər-mā'shən/Stands for "Extensible Style Sheet Language Transformation." An XSLT style sheet provides a template with rules that XML documents must conform to. It receives an XML document as input and outputs a file that is recognizable by the intended program. For example, an XSLT may take a XML document that contains the technical specifications of a computer and turn it into an HTML page that can be displayed in a Web browser. Another XSLT may turn a XML document containing new stories and turn it into a printer-friendly text document.

XSLT stands for XSL Transformations, and like XML, comes from our friends at the W3C. XSLT and its cousin XSL Formatting Objects (XSL-FO) are used to manipulate the structure of XML and other types of documents (e.g. HTML, PDF and RTF).

www.digital-web.com/articles/client_side_xslt/

X terminal

[noun ] /ěks tûr’mǝ-nǝl/

- An X terminal is typically a diskless computer especially designed to provide a low-cost user interface for applications that run in a network X server as part of a distributed X Window System. Typically, X terminals are connected to a server running a Unix-based operating system on a mainframe, minicomputer, or workstation.

X terminals (and the X Window System) appear to have been the forerunner for what is now generally called "network computers" or thin clients. The X Window System and X terminals continue to offer an alternative to Microsoft's terminal server product and their NetPCs.

http://searchnetworking.techtarget.com

X Window System [noun] /eks windeu system/

The X Window System (commonly X or X11) is a computer software system and network protocol that provides a graphical user interface (GUI) for networked computers, and was initially developed as part of Project Athena.

X Window System a historical example of graphical user interface and applications common to the MIT X Consortium's distribution running under the twm window manager: X Terminal, Xbiff, xload and a graphical manual page browser.It implements the X display protocol and provides windowing on raster graphics (bitmap) computer displays and manages keyboard and pointing device control functions. In its standard distribution, it is a complete, albeit simple, display and human interface solution, but also delivers a standard toolkit and protocol stack for building graphical user interfaces on most Unix-like operating systems and OpenVMS, and has been ported to many other contemporary general purpose operating systems. Desktop environments such as OpenWindows, CDE, GNOME, KDE, and Xfce, use the X Window System.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-server

Y

- Yagi antenna[Noun ]/‘yägē an’tenǝ/

A linear end-fire antenna, consisting of three or more half-wave elements (one driven, one reflector, and one or more directors). Note 1: A Yagi antenna offers very high directivity and gain. Note 2: The formal name for a "Yagi antenna" is "Yagi-Uda array."

I looked at this cool Seattle Wireless page with wonderful pictures of a manufactured directional yagi antenna and then I did some math and built one as much like it as I could afford.

http://www.atis.org/glossary/definition.aspx?id=324

Yankee Doodle [:noun ] /jaenki dudl/; Its a memory resident DOS virus that infects COM and EXE files. Its most famous for the Yankee Doodle music it plays. This virus is a parasitic virus which infects both .COM and .EXE As a side note, some variants of the Yankee Doodle virus will seek out and modify Ping Pong viruses, changing them so that they self- destruct after 100 infections.

www.symantec.com

Yahoo [:noun ] /yahu/; American public corporation headquartered in Sunnyvale, California, (in Silicon Valley), that provides Internet services worldwide.

The global network of Yahoo! websites receives 3.4 billion page views per day on average as of October 2007.

Wikipedia.com

Z

- ZBTSI (zero-byte time slot interchange)

[Noun ] /zē’rō bi:t tīm slŏt ĭn’tǝr-chānj’/

A technique applied to a DS1 frame to ensure pulse density requirements are met, where bits 2 through 193 of each frame are scrambled to minimize the occurrence of all-zero octets. When an all-zero octet is contiguous to another octet with zeros and they would combine to violate the ones density requirement, an algorithm is invoked where some all-zero octets are replaced by an address chain. The reverse algorithms are performed by the receiving terminal.

A circuit and method for more efficiently implementing ZBTSI encoding with minimum processing delay of the ZBTSI algorithm and hardware complexity is provided in a ZBTSI encoder for use in a ZBTSI codec. The ZBTSI encoder is optimized for the ZBTSI algorithm and includes an architecture for use as an improved ZBTSI codec in application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) technology.

http://www.atis.org/glossary/definition.aspx?id=300

Zener diode [noun] /zene* daiod /;A Zener diode is a type of diode that permits current in the forward direction like a normal diode, but also in the reverse direction if the voltage is larger than the breakdown voltage known as "Zener knee voltage" or "Zener voltage".

A Zener diode contains a heavily doped p-n junction allowing electrons to tunnel from the valence band of the p-type material to the conduction band of the n-type material.

Wikipedia.com

- zero-bit insertion

[Noun] /zē’rō bĭt ĭn-sûr’shǝn/

A bit-stuffing technique used with bit-oriented protocols to ensure that six consecutive "1" bits never appear between the two flags that define the beginning and the ending of a transmission frame. Note: When five consecutive "1" bits occur in any part of the frame other than the beginning and ending flag, the sending station inserts an extra "0" bit. When the receiving station detects five "1" bits followed by a "0" bit, it removes the extra "0" bit, thereby restoring the bit stream to its original value. Synonyms zero insertion, zero stuffing.

The users of the HDLC service provides PDUs which are encapsulated to form data link layer frames. These frames are separated by HDLC "flags" and are modified by "zero bit insertion" to guarantee transparency. These terms are defined below

http://www.atis.org/glossary/definition.aspx?id=326

Zero fill

[Noun ] /zē’rō fĭl, zĭr’ō fĭl/To fill unused storage locations in an information system (IS) with the representation of the character denoting "0".

Zero Fill: Many errors from sector 86,443,008 onwards; drive stops responding ("Drive Not Ready", error code 0104); HDD Activity LED remains onExtended Test (after cold boot): "Too many bad sectors detected"Second Zero Fill: More errors in same area; drive becomes unresponsive

http://forums.storagereview.net/index.php?showtopic=19059

Zero suppression

[noun] /zē’rō sə-prěsh'ən, zĭr’ō sə-prěsh'ən/

The elimination of nonsignificant zeros from a numeral.

This is a 4 digit decimal counter which can operate as a free running counter or in count and hold mode with manual reset. In either mode the counter can be preset to count to a specified value. Clock edge and leading zero suppression can also be configured. The 7-segment display and indicator LEDs are multiplexed. It will drive most common anode 7 segment LEDs. I used four single digit LEDs but a four digit LED module could also be used. In free running mode the overflow output resets on the next clock pulse. Therefore the pulse duration is directly related to the input clock frequency.

http://www.elecfree.com/electronic/4-digit-up-down-counter-with-pic-16f88/

Zulu Time

[Noun] /zōō'lōō tīm/

Mean solar time at the meridian of Greenwich, England, formerly used as a basis for standard time throughout the world.

Example of a 84-hour global fire weather forecast initialized 00 UTC (ZULU Time = Greenwich Time), 15 June 1999 and valid at 12 UTC, 18 June 1997. The location of solar noon is marked by the sun at 0° longitude. The fire weather index scale is on the right.

www.fire.uni-freiburg.de/fwf/ecpc2.htm