Transcription of Let's Talk Bitcoin, episode 56

8/14/2019 Transcription of Let's Talk Bitcoin, episode 56

1/21


2/21

-So the $inal part o$ this lo+ post on .: smarter transaction $ees a+ain uotin+

$rom the lo+ post. &oda the transaction $ees are hardcoded into the

Bitcoin1&;Bitcoind !allet so$t!are and the rules surroundin+ those $ees are a

collection o$ heuristics that evolved over the last $our ears. 3n short the current

$ee handlin+ code is a complicated mess that !ill stop !or'in+ as soon as

transaction doules a couple o$ more times. 3n theor it should e simple.&ransaction $ees should e set +ive or ta'e et!een people creatin+

transactions !ho !ant to pa as little as possile and people validatin+ and

storin+ transactions miners !ho !ould li'e to e re!arded !ith hi+her $ees. And

the code that miners are usin+ toda to select transactions is simple: &he $ill

their loc's !ith the hi+hest $ee;'ilote transactions and hi+hest priorit

transactions i$ the choose to set aside some space in their loc's $or $ree

transactions. ?

Andreas M. Antonopoulos: @rom the earl das o$ Bitcoin 3 thin' the vision !as

al!as to ma'e the transaction $ees a mar'et an e$$icient mar'et !here the

price o$ the transaction is set to euilirium et!een suppl and demand. Suppl

ein+ the miners and demand ein+ the end-users o$ transactions. 9$$ectivel

ou !ould have euilirium at the est price possile on the net!or' at an time

and ou can ma'e choices: ou pa more ou +o $aster or ou pa less ou +et

a slo!er transaction time. &hat !as the vision un$ortunatel it hasn%t et

materialied ut is a reall +ood step in that direction. Here%s the prolem !ith

the mar'et dnamic ri+ht no!: even thou+h miners are settin+ a price implicitl

choosin+ !hich transactions the put into a loc' there%s no simple !a $or

that price to e communicated ac' to the mar'et so the prolem here is price

si+nalin+ it%s havin+ a !a to communicate that mar'et price ac' to the client

so the client can ma'e intelli+ent heuristic decisions aout !hat to pa $or the

ne0t transaction in order to achieve a speci$ic time +oal. @or instance 3 have a

transaction o$ ho! much do 3 need to pa toda to +et that transaction

veri$ied in three loc's miners. &hat%s the 'ind o$ uestion a client is as'in+.


3/21

S.M.: -So that%s an automated process and !here does that process happen7 3n a

minin+ pool7 :D#?

A.A.: Fes it happens in the minin+ so$t!are. 9ach time ou are minin+ $or

somethin+ the $irst thin+ ou do is ou create a ne! loc' stic' all the

transactions in and then ou tr to $ind proo$-or-!or' a+ainst that ne! loc'. And

ou do that ever time ou are trin+ to $ind a loc'. &hat decision happens in

uildin+ that ne! loc' to $ind the proo$-o$-!or' and it%s part o$ the minin+

so$t!are. :"G?

S.M.: &han's $or clearin+ that up.:"?

A.A.: -So miners are reall alread settin+ the price. &he%re settin+ the price

ma'in+ a choice and that choice e$$ectivel is the decision o$ !hat transactions

to include in the loc' ased on the $ees that are in those transactions. o! the

uestion is ho! does the client tr to predict !hat%s +oin+ to happen there. And

this is the development that has een done in this particular case 3 thin' Iavin

has een !ritin+ essentiall code that uses in$ormation $rom previousl mined

loc's to tr to decide !hat the level o$ $ees in the net!or' is ri+ht no! and to

create transactions !ith the least $ees ou can pa and +et a!a !ith thecon$irmation time ou !ant. And to do that !hat Iavin is doin+ is he is usin+ a

historical analsis o$ transactions in the several past loc's then ta'in+ the

medium $ee;'ilote. Medium not avera+e that means the point in !hich hal$ o$

the transaction are more e0pensive and hal$ o$ transactions are less e0pensive

and the reason he pic's the medium is to avoid +amin+ the miners !here the

could stu$$ it a $e! miners could asicall ri+ the +ame to increase the $ees and

the is i$ ou have the simulation done e$$ectivel in the client then it could

decide !hat transaction $ees to include !ith the relativel hi+h de+ree o$

certaint that it !ill achieve it%s con$irmation time +oal !ith that level o$ $ee.

And it%s relativel hard to +ame ecause it !ould ta'e collusion multiple

miners or minin+ pools and an minin+ pool that ro'e $rom that cartel !ould

reap the ene$its o$ competition dra!in+ all o$ the transactions that have not

een serviced. So it%s a relativel e$$icient mar'et !ith +ood $eedac' loops +ood

price discover mechanism and $e!er opportunities to +ame. And it%s a mar'et

rather than a $i0ed $ee sstem. &hat%s the advancement that Iavin is su++estin+

and 3 thin' it%s a +reat ne0t step to!ards havin+ a mar'et ased transaction $ee.


4/21

A.L.: 4eadin+ aout this reall made me thin' aout ho! Bitcoin compares !ith

the e0istin+ $inancial sstem. Because ou can loo' at !hat%s happenin+ here

!ith ho! the $ees are set in a reall similar li+ht to ho! !e use L3B/4 as a metric

to set rates in the %real !orld% and man other mar'ets that are out there. And

ecause there are so man people participatin+ in the minin+ sstem there reall

is no advanta+e in trin+ to +ame the sstem. 5hereas !ith the closed sstemli'e the L3B/4 sstem !here everone is participatin+ in the re+ulated

environment and ou have to e chosen to e on this oard suddenl the

opportunit $or collusion to tr and $leece the people !ho ou%re supposed to e

providin+ a service to *ust +oes throu+h the roo$ it seems li'e. ?

A.A.: 3 have to concern that no sstem can e desi+ned that !ill not e +amed

+iven su$$icient opportunit and mar'et participants !ho have developed an

advanta+e $or themselves !ithin the mar'et. All mar'et sstems +et +amed

eventuall. o! the real advanta+e !ith Bitcoin is even i$ Iavin sets this mar'et

discover mechanism toda and it starts +ettin+ +amed he could chan+e it in the

ne0t version o$ the client and then chan+e it a+ain and then chan+e it a+ain in a

ver pulic consensus driven approach that has ver ovious results in the

mar'et. &hat%s !hat ou can%t do !ith L3B/4 ecause ou discover the scandal

$our ears a+o and !hat e0actl has chan+ed in the calculation o$ L3B/4 -

nothin+. Mar'ets !ill e +amed. &he uestion is do ou have the capailit to

$le0il adapt to that +amin+ hit the reset utton and level a plain+ $ield a+ain.

All the other sstems are too ri+idJ Bitcoin is $le0ile enou+h to do that. &hat%s the

'e.


5/21

addresses uic'l came to dominate and hardl anone used the pa-to-3P

$eature. 9ventuall it !as removed.E

8id either o$ ou +us ever use the 3P $eature7


6/21

So o' that sounds +oodJ 3 had a little panic !hen the said this !as +oin+ to

replace Bitcoin addresses.


7/21

satis$ those instructions sumittin+ a Pament messa+e. &he data is

desi+ned to e e0tensile in $uture so !e can add lots o$ use$ul $eatures.

3n $uture clic'ale itcoin lin's !ill loo' li'e this:

itcoin:9N9@BdKucir=G#KGG'D,cALCKF17

reuestOhttps:;;itcoinstore.com;r;aBcd9

5hen clic'ed our !allet app !ill do!nload the reuest 4L and read the

Pament4euest it +ets. &he reuest messa+e contains another 4L !hich is

!here to sumit the $inished transaction to (instead o$;as !ell as roadcastin+ it

to the P=P net!or').E

3 need some help understandin+ that Andreas. Basicall ou are +oin+ to clic' a

lin' and !hat happens a$ter that7 :D"?

A.A.: 3 thin' the !a to understand the Pament Protocol is to thin' o$ it

compared to the current situation !hen ou tr to u somethin+ $rom a store.

&he +ive ou an address ou put that address in our clients and ou create a

transaction !hich +oes out in the net!or' and eventuall reaches ac' to the

vendor. &hat%s a ver loosel coupled transaction. All the +ave ou is an address

and then ou *ust 'ind o$ thro! mone at it out there in the ether and hope that

some o$ that stic's and the merchant sees that transaction come ac' to them.

&his is a much more ti+htl coupled seuence !hereas it%s a three part. Fou as'

them %Ho! do 3 pa ou76 the send ou the parameters o$ ho! the pament

should e made !here the pament !ill e sent to and then ou send ac' to

the vendor the transaction si+n the si+ned transaction itsel$. o! that%s a 'e

point ecause $or man vendors i$ the have a !a o$ veri$in+ that the

transaction came ac' and !ent to the net!or' the can even accept it !ith

con$irmations. &he can trust it as properl si+ned ou 'no! ou%re not li'el to

doule-spend it ri+ht there so the can +ive ou a con$irmation. 5hereas

e$ore the *ust thre! ou an address and then listen on the net!or' and hope

that somethin+ came ac' to that address and it !as $rom ou and it !asn%t

in*ected as a doule spend and all o$ the other thin+s. 3t%s a much more ti+htl

coupled interaction !hich also allo!s ou to deal !ith prolems ecause ou

are +iven an address and ou send a pament and it%s not the ri+ht pament.

Ho! do ou do a re$und7 8o ou need to send more mone7 3s the invoice $illed7

8id ou +et a receipt7 All o$ those tpes o$ interactions at the moment at the

moment are outside the scope o$ the pament. All ou%ve done is sent and

address. 5hich !ith the Pament Protocol all o$ those can e in scope properl

de$ined so ou can have all o$ those separate parameters. 3t%s +oin+ to ma'e

Point-o$-Sale so much smoother


8/21

A.A.: And $or users too. Because 'eep in mind that up to no! the !a to ma'e a

pament is to cop a DG character strin+ o$ +ierish or ta'e a photo o$ a !eird

suare !ith dots on it.


9/21

$ree. .S. plaers are not allo!ed ecause America is a $ree countr. &he +host o$

Satoshi is !aitin+ $or ou @ind her at Satoshi8ice.com;&riute.E


10/21

S.M.: &hat sounds +reat. o! memos !ould those memos e pulic li'e in the

loc'chain or are the *ust 'ind o$ $or our o!n in$ormation sain+ 3 ou+ht a

sa$e paper !allet 'it $rom Andreas... ?

A.A.: Feah this is an entirel outside o$ the loc'chain. &his is metadata that is

transacted durin+ the pament protocol. Basicall the in$ormation is sent to our

client !hich presumal !ill e displaed the screen perhaps as a !epa+e

tellin+ ou !hat this pament reuest is and it can e much more verose. So $or

e0ample ou could have a receipt that has a product name that has a picture o$

the product and a price and a ta0 ou paid and all the other in$ormation in that

memo and that !ill sho! up on ou screens so ou 'no! ou%re pain+ the ri+ht

person $or the ri+ht product.


11/21

ErealE computer via SB. 3t has a displa and a couple o$ uttons. 3t holds our

private 'es. 5hen ou !ant to ma'e a pament the details o$ the pament are

sho!n on the screen and i$ the%re !hat ou !ant ou press / and thin+s +et

si+ned.

&here%s an ovious $la! !ith that desi+n !hen comined !ith Bitcoin as it istoda. &he Edetails o$ the pamentE ou%ll see on screen !ill loo' li'e this:

Pa ." B&C to 9N9@BdKucir=G#KGG'D,cALCKF17

5here did that address come $rom7 5ell it came $rom our computer the thin+

that proal has a virus on it. &hat virus could have s!apped out the address

sent the online shop ou%re usin+ $or one o!ned the virus author and

ecause the%re *ust random numers ou%d never 'no!. Althou+h the virus can%t

empt our !allet immediatel it can still steal paments !hen ou ma'e one

and avoidin+ that is the !hole point o$ usin+ special hard!are

&he pament protocol allo!s recipients to si+n their reuests under an EidentitE.

An EidentitE is *ust some aritrar strin+ that !as itsel$ si+ned some

Ecerti$icate authoritE. &he authorit vends si+ned statements that sa

(simpli$in+ a it): E3 Bo Smith elieve address

9N9@BdKucir=G#KGG'D,cALCKF1 is o!ned Mi'e HearnE. o! i$ our

&reor happens to trust that Bo Smith validates identities relial it can displa:

Pa ." B&C to Mi'e Hearn7

And that messa+e can%t e tampered !ith an virus. As ou can see this is

much sa$er.E


12/21

notice ou are not +ettin+ an tips anmore7 And that our tips are msteriousl

disappearin+ into the ether. So it%s e0actl that 'ind o$ scenario ou can solve in

this case instead o$ havin+ *ust an address and te0t ou !ould have a si+n that

is part o$ the Pament Protocol ou +et a certi$icate a+ainst it so it can%t e

sustituted !ithout rea'in+ the certi$icate.


13/21

S.M.: -So then he +oes into tal'in+ aout !h can%t !e use the PIP 5e o$ &rust

!hich asicall 3 don%t reall understand it that !ell ut PIP is a !a o$

encrptin+ emails and communications and other thin+s and the 5e o$ &rust is

!hen people validate and si+n each other6s% 'es that certain 'es elon+ tocertain people. &here used to e or still are some thin+s called 'e si+nin+

parties !here people !ill meet in person and sa %oh eah this person is !ho

the sa the are 3 can veri$ that their 'e actuall elon+s to them and 3%m

+oin+ to si+n their 'e% and then it%s creates this 5e o$ &rust !hich is a unch o$

people !ho have con$irmed that the all are !ho the sa the are and ou can

come to tap into that 5e o$ &rust to veri$ people%s 38. 3t%s 'ind o$ technical and

a little it on the lon+er side so mae !e !on%t +o into that ut Mi'e is sain+

that it%s reall not possile to comine the PIP 5e o$ &rust nor do the !ant to

!ith the ne! Bitcoin protocol. #?

A.L.: 3 thin' that this also +ets into the uestion aout should the per$ect e an

enem to the +ood7 ecause that%s essentiall the other ar+ument that Mi'e is

ma'in+ here is that es there are some prolems !ith the e0istin+ SSL

Certi$icate Authorit sstem notal that sometimes +et issued to people !ho

shouldn%t have them and that sort o$ taints the !hole thin+. So he las out a

couple o$ improvements that could e applied to this sstem as it is no!. But

reall that is the primar thin+ that this is an incremental step to!ards

somethin+ etter then !here !e are no!. 3s that ri+ht7


14/21

A.A.: 3%d li'e to point out that also 3 don%t 'no! ho! much meanin+ to read into

this ut . is a prett si+ni$icant version numer in itsel$. &he decision to +o

versions that start !ith . is reall important ecause that means !e are no!

headin+ head-on the . release o$ Bitcoin. &hat%s the ne0t step. 9ssentiall theseare the release candidates and etas that !ill lead to the $irst o$$icial version or

release o$ Bitcoin. So it%s an important milestone to hit .. &he e0citin+

development in Linu0 happened et!een .. and ..K.


15/21

$rontrunner and amusin+l the Sil'4oad out o$ all those three companies

proal has the est reputation


16/21

!ith opensource pro*ects a lot o$ times is that there%s too much availailit o$

!or'ale solutions that don%t do the *o in a !a that%s accessile to people. &his

is especiall true !ith the Satoshi client 3 thin'.

5e%re *ust no! startin+ to see these ne!er !allets comin+ out that reall can

levera+e or ta'e advanta+e o$ ou 'no! *ust some o$ the asic usailit that%seen done over the last $e! ears. So these prolems are +oin+ a!a there%s a

!allet comin+ out called the Hive !allet that reall has a $ocus on usailit and

tries to continue this trend o$ ampli$in+ the Bitcoin streets !here anod can

ou 'no! reall +et into sort o$ a u!ord. But it%s reall not this hipster thin+.

3t%s !hat needs to happen. 5e need to $ocus on usailit.

Buin+ products BitPa is a ma*or ma*or plaer in that space. But at the same

time the !eren%t trin+ to reinvent the !heel as &on (Iallippi) said !hen it

comes to ho! !e u thin+s !ith Bitcoin. So to this point most merchants

acceptin+ Bitcoin use that standard shoppin+ cart $lo! !here ou add a product

to our cart and !hen ou are $inished !ith all our shoppin+ ou enter our

illin+ in$ormation pa the total !ith either our credit card or u !ith Bitcoin.

But reall Bitcoin doesn%t need anthin+ li'e that. 3t%s a !or'around created to

address prolems associate !ith identit ecause that o$ course has een

discussed ho! our mone !or's. Shall !e associate !ith identit to acuire

authoriation or permission and then ou are allo!ed to !ithdra! mone $rom

that essentiall. But !ith crptocurrenc since the holder is the o!ner !e don%t

need to do that anmore. And 3 thin' that our pament solutions aren%t +oin+ to

reuire an o$ those. Because these aren%t actuall help$ul at all and actuall it

creates more o$ a ris' situation than ou have i$ ou don%t do that.

Shameless plo here Let%s &al' Bitcoin has approved that is $ilmin+ this event and

!e%re sellin+ videocasts. 3$ ou +o to itcoinvideocasts.com then ou%ll see our

$irst documentation o$ !hat it%s called a BitCredits sstem. &he creators

Ale0andre Bour+et Luisa Buchanan have een !or'in+ on this $or the last couple

o$ months. 3t ta'es a loo' at this prolem that !e have o$ needin+ to associate

identit and it rethin's it $rom the crptocurrenc standin+ point. /ccupin+

aout one third o$ the pa+e and !ith the e0planation te0t !rapped around it ou

don%t actuall ever need to leave that pa+e in order to ma'e a pament. 3t *ust

has a little inter$ace o$$ there and it prompts ou $or the amount o$ mone that

ou are +oin+ to put in in .S. dollars and +ives ou that amount and it tells ho!

much that is in Bitcoin and ou can essentiall load this up !ith itcoin !here

then !e ta'e all the e0chan+e ris' and +ive ou ac' !esite credits that are

denominated in .S dollars and ou can u anthin+ on our sstem.

&echnicall this tal' is called %8oin+ usiness !ith a de$lationar currenc% and

people thin' this is the i+ prolem ecause !ho !ants to spend itcoins !hen

the are hard to acuire and the +ain value over time. &here has to e a

compellin+ reason and a$ter m e0perience !ith this BitCredits thin+ 3 !ant to

share m trip !ith ou. Char+e people more


17/21

$or !hatever ou%re sellin+ and ou need to ta'e into account the $uture value o$

Bitcoin ecause our customer certainl is. And i$ the mental math doesn%t !or'

$or them the%re +oin+ to pa ou in dollars ecause !h shouldn%t the7 @or our

passes !e o$$er et!een a =-DQ discount that puts our sales around "Q

Bitcoin. o! oviousl 3 do a sho! called Let%s &al' Bitcoin and !e onl promote

this to our audience ut ou 'no! m e0perience has een that !hen 3%m trin+to u some +us reall !anted it. And !e do receive $unds $rom our sponsors in

Bitcoin and !e receive donations $rom our listeners in Bitcoin.

And so as 3 understand it reall is a valuale in$ormation $or me !here 3%m

sain+ i$ it is !orth it to e a part o$ this Bitcoin 'no!in+ that at a later date the

are +oin+ to e !orth!hile and +enerall 3 demand m DQ. 5henever 3%m doin+

services !ith someone or hire another !riter or somethin+ li'e that it%s has to e

+enerall e DQ and sometimes it%s a lot more. BitCredits is one option and 3 li'e

it a lot ecause it essentiall lets users pla mar'et a+ainst Let%s &al' Bitcoin.

5hen the u our o!n site%s credit all the volatilit is removed $rom theeuation. 5e do not ma'e credits in .S. dollars so ou can ma'e one

transaction !ith a Bitcoin memer to load up our !allet and an transaction ou

do on the site is instant and transaction e $ree


18/21

&here are o$ course others !ho are trin+ to $ind this price the are


19/21

ust li'e Bitcoin the onl arrier to entr is our time and +ood !or'. &han's $or

listenin+ #:=K?

and i$ ou +o ac' to

that => pa+e then ri+ht there on the $ront o$ it it sas %!e !ant to ma'e our

promises as +ood as a an'%s promises% ecause essentiall that%s !hat the%re

sain+ that%s !hen a an' e0tends credit the%re sendin+ a promise to pa.

3n the 4ipple thou+ht process the thin+ is i$ !e have the in$rastructure to issue

these credits *ust amon+st people then !h do !e need the an's in order to

$acilitate that same sort o$ transaction. 4ipple ultimatel loo's li'e it !as

desi+ned to maintain the $unctionalit o$ the an'in+ sstem !hile removin+ the

an'in+ sstem itsel$ $rom the euation. So the%re oth trin+ to solve this

prolem ut it reall is 'ind o$ $undamentall at odds ho! the%re trin+ to do it.

Bitcoin does a turn o!nership person to person ase sstem and 4ipple is uilt

on an interconnected net!or' o$ P=P credit. Bitcoins are holdin+ do!n !ith no

ris' on the redeemin+ part de$aultin+ ut !ith 4ipple that is a ris'. &he Bitcoin

sstem trans$ers o!nership o$ one thin+ itcoins. People can uild laers on top


20/21

o$ it to do other thin+s ut at a protocol level it%s *ust itcoins on the Bitcoin

net!or'.

But !hat i$ ou don%t !ant to send itcoins7 &his is !here 4ipple is reall a +ood

option. 5hen ou send .S. dollars to the 4ipple sstem ou%re reall sendin+

3/s that can e redeemed some!here else in the sstem. 8ependin+ on ourneed to transact in non-Bitcoin terms this mi+ht e important. /r ou mi+ht

pre$er the hol o!n nature o$ crptocurrenc. And this is +ettin+ to e an

interestin+ thin+ as !e move to!ards a more pervasive Bitcoin $utureJ !e%re

startin+ to see a Bitcoin sstem develop !here ou reall can +et all o$ our

needs met !ithout ever touchin+ a currenc eside a crptocurrenc.

And ri+ht no! this is more true $or Bitcoin ut 3 thin' as !e move $or!ard !e are

+oin+ to see these in$rastructures develop !here the crptocurrenc

particularities don%t matter and it%s *ust crptocurrenc is accepted here and

!hichever one ou happen to use there%s an e0chan+e rate ased on that ased

on this mar'et mechanism.

o! 3 don%t thin' it%s $air to sa that 4ipple is Bitcoin =. 3 reall thin' it%s more

li'e a parallel evolution that rin+s it%s o!n stren+ths and !ea'nesses to the

tale. 3t etter $its the needs o$ some and it%s !orse $or others. But there%s no

uestion i$ 4ipple had matured e$ore Bitcoin came into use !e%d e havin+ a

ver similar conversation. And it !ould e *ust as !ron+ to call Bitcoin 4ipple =..

/ne o$ the liailities that 4ipple has all to itsel$ is a corporate structure.

&he ma'e the ar+ument as !ell as 3nvictus 3nnovations !hen the launched the

BitShares protocol that *ust ecause a compan desi+ns creates and releases aprotocol into the !ild doesn%t imue them !ith an responsiilit $or an

disruptions that protocol mi+ht cause.

Satoshi didn%t disappear ecause o$ all the appreciation that !as sure to e

sho!ered upon him rather the ris's o$ standin+ alon+side o$ such a disruptive

thin+ !as sure to +enerate a ad outcome. Mae not $or Satoshi ut someod

loses in that scenario ecause there are entities and individuals to !hom

pressure can e applied. 3t%s temptin+ to !ant la! en$orcement on our side.

&he%re scar $ol's doin+ a di$$icult *o. 3 used to have an unreasonale amount

o$ respect and a!e $or the people !ho appl our *ustice sstem ut over the last

$e! ears e0perience $inds that diminished. 3 see more arrests $or pett crimes

and no en$orcement o$ the la! !here the most e+re+ious violations have ta'en

place - $inance. ltimatel there isn%t much uestion here. 3n Bitcoin arrin+ a

re+istration process that sees pulic 'es issued to speci$ic names 3 don%t see

ho! ou tell si+nal $rom the noise on anthin+ ut speci$ic cases. 3n 4ipple 3

don%t 'no! ut 3%m prett curious.

3t%s also not surprisin+ that 4ipple Las ta'es this approach. 5hat choice do the

have7 3$ the%re seen as aidin+ or enalin+ ille+al activities the have $acilities

that can e raided assets that can e seied. Loo' at ho! la! en$orcement deals

!ith media pirac.


21/21

Anthin+ a pament net!or' !ould e +uilt o$ is or course !orse.

5e live in stran+e times ut some thin+s are so po!er$ul and dan+erous that to

si+n our name to them is tantamount to suicide. Mae not $or ou ut $or the

+oals o$ the pro*ect. o reason !h a pressured compan has to die i$ instead

the compl. 5ith mone the issues are al!as permission not technolo+.

&han's $or listenin+ to episode "# o$ Let%s &al' Bitcoin. Content $or toda6s sho!

is provided Stephanie Murph and Andreas M. Antonopolous. Music !as

provided ared 4uens. An uestions or comments email

adamUletstal'itcoin.com. See ou ne0t time

Transcription of Let's Talk Bitcoin, episode 56

Documents