Towards a Basque State TERRITORY AND SOCIOECONOMICS

7/27/2019 Towards a Basque State TERRITORY AND SOCIOECONOMICS

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VIQDXFR D

HDRT[KRVDVK

tkrrmtiry def sibmikbieilmbs

Mpdr Nkaid Ciuefdtmie / Hdsquk Rullkr [emvkrsmty[emvkrsmty[emvkrsmty[emvkrsmty


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Dutnir? Mpdr Nkaid CiuefdtmieQmtn tnk dssmstdebk ic tnk? Hdsquk Rullkr [emvkrsmty

MRHE? =1>->6->62>-682-=Gkadg fkpismt? HM-48>=-8048Irmamedg tmtgk? Kusjdg Kstdtudrm hmfkd zdhdgtzke? gurrdgfkd ktd sizmikjieilmd.

Bivkr fksmae? Mpdr Nkaid CiuefdtmieVrdesgdtir? Dgde X. Jmea

Fmstrmhutkf hy?Mpdr Nkaid CuefdzmidMpdr Nkaid CuefdzmidMpdr Nkaid CuefdzmidMpdr Nkaid CuefdzmidXkjdgfk _uldrjdgkd, 38 HMGHI. Pniek? =66103=4;K-ldmg? [email protected][fdji Kusjdg [emhkrtsmtdtkd (Hdsquk Rullkr [emvkrsmty).[fdji Kusjdg [emhkrtsmtdtkd (Hdsquk Rullkr [emvkrsmty).[fdji Kusjdg [emhkrtsmtdtkd (Hdsquk Rullkr [emvkrsmty).[fdji Kusjdg [emhkrtsmtdtkd (Hdsquk Rullkr [emvkrsmty).Krrmhkrd 46, 4. F, HMGHI. Pniek? =631=0;63 Cdx? =661=202=K-ldmg? [email protected] / www.uku.ira

Hy tnk prksket gmbkebk yiu ldy bipy, fmstrmhutk def fmspgdy tnk bietket ir prifubk fkrmvdtmvkwirjs privmfkf tnk ciggiwmea biefmtmies drk lkt? ]iu lust bmtk tnk dutnir ic tnk irmamedg bietket. Mc yiu lifmcy tnk bietket, ir brkdtk d fkrmvdtmvk wirj def fmstrmhutk mt, yiu lust fi si uefkrtnk sdlk biefmtmies ds me tnk prksket gmbkebk. ]iu ldy eit usk tnms wirj cir dey billkrbmdg purpisk.


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BietketsBietketsBietketsBietkets

CIXKQIXFCIXKQIXFCIXKQIXFCIXKQIXF

Mpdr Nkaid Cuefdzmid ......................................................................................................................................... ;

Vnk Hdsquk Rtdtk def tkrrmtiryVnk Hdsquk Rtdtk def tkrrmtiryVnk Hdsquk Rtdtk def tkrrmtiryVnk Hdsquk Rtdtk def tkrrmtiry

MEVXIF[BVMIEMEVXIF[BVMIEMEVXIF[BVMIEMEVXIF[BVMIEMdjm Detmaukfdf Duzlkefm ............................................................................................................................ >

4. VNK VKXXMVIXMDG FMLKERMIE IC D RVDVKR RVX[BV[XK4. VNK VKXXMVIXMDG FMLKERMIE IC D RVDVKR RVX[BV[XK4. VNK VKXXMVIXMDG FMLKERMIE IC D RVDVKR RVX[BV[XK4. VNK VKXXMVIXMDG FMLKERMIE IC D RVDVKR RVX[BV[XKIsjdr Drdetzdhdg Mrdktd .............................................................................. 42

8. VKXXMVIX] DEF KBIEILMBR. VKXXMVIX] DR D PIGMVMBDG BIEBKPV8. VKXXMVIX] DEF KBIEILMBR. VKXXMVIX] DR D PIGMVMBDG BIEBKPV8. VKXXMVIX] DEF KBIEILMBR. VKXXMVIX] DR D PIGMVMBDG BIEBKPV8. VKXXMVIX] DEF KBIEILMBR. VKXXMVIX] DR D PIGMVMBDG BIEBKPVOdhmkr Krmzk Fk Gd Xmbd ..................................................................................................................................... 81

2. VKXXMVIX], C[EB2. VKXXMVIX], C[EB2. VKXXMVIX], C[EB2. VKXXMVIX], C[EBVMIE DEF VNK BILL[EMV] DEF/IX RVDVKVMIE DEF VNK BILL[EMV] DEF/IX RVDVKVMIE DEF VNK BILL[EMV] DEF/IX RVDVKVMIE DEF VNK BILL[EMV] DEF/IX RVDVKOisu Gdrrmedad Drzd ..................................................................................................................................... 64

6.6.6.6. NIQ NI[GF K[RJDG NKXXMD XKRPIEF VI VNK PXKRKEV GDBJ ICNIQ NI[GF K[RJDG NKXXMD XKRPIEF VI VNK PXKRKEV GDBJ ICNIQ NI[GF K[RJDG NKXXMD XKRPIEF VI VNK PXKRKEV GDBJ ICNIQ NI[GF K[RJDG NKXXMD XKRPIEF VI VNK PXKRKEV GDBJ IC

PIPIPIPIGMVMBDG PIQKX ISKX VKXXMVIXMDG IXADEMRDVMIE VI DBNMKSKGMVMBDG PIQKX ISKX VKXXMVIXMDG IXADEMRDVMIE VI DBNMKSKGMVMBDG PIQKX ISKX VKXXMVIXMDG IXADEMRDVMIE VI DBNMKSKGMVMBDG PIQKX ISKX VKXXMVIXMDG IXADEMRDVMIE VI DBNMKSKFKLIBXDVMB RIBMIKBIEILMB FKSKGIPLKEV9FKLIBXDVMB RIBMIKBIEILMB FKSKGIPLKEV9FKLIBXDVMB RIBMIKBIEILMB FKSKGIPLKEV9FKLIBXDVMB RIBMIKBIEILMB FKSKGIPLKEV9Dghkrti Crmds Amg ............................................................................................................................................ ;8


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Vnk Hdsquk Rtdtk defVnk Hdsquk Rtdtk defVnk Hdsquk Rtdtk defVnk Hdsquk Rtdtk def RibmikbieilmbsRibmikbieilmbsRibmikbieilmbsRibmikbieilmbs

MEVXIF[BVMIEMEVXIF[BVMIEMEVXIF[BVMIEMEVXIF[BVMIEVxilme Girbd Dgbdg ........................................................................................................................................... 3;

4.4.4.4. K[RJDG NKXXMD? D RVDEK[RJDG NKXXMD? D RVDEK[RJDG NKXXMD? D RVDEK[RJDG NKXXMD? D RVDEFDXF EDVMIE ME VNK RI[VNQKRV IC VNKFDXF EDVMIE ME VNK RI[VNQKRV IC VNKFDXF EDVMIE ME VNK RI[VNQKRV IC VNKFDXF EDVMIE ME VNK RI[VNQKRV IC VNKK[XIPKDE BILL[EMV]K[XIPKDE BILL[EMV]K[XIPKDE BILL[EMV]K[XIPKDE BILL[EMV]^dhmkr Msdsm Hdgdetzdtkam def Dsmkr Itxid fk Xktded Rmlie...................................................... 18

8.8.8.8. RILK VNI[ANVR DHI[V KBIEILMBR CIX EDVMIE H[MGFMEARILK VNI[ANVR DHI[V KBIEILMBR CIX EDVMIE H[MGFMEARILK VNI[ANVR DHI[V KBIEILMBR CIX EDVMIE H[MGFMEARILK VNI[ANVR DHI[V KBIEILMBR CIX EDVMIE H[MGFMEAEkjdek Ourdfi Prkz.................................................................................................................................... =0

2.2.2.2. VIQDXFR D HDRT[K RVDVK? QKDJEKRRKR, RVXKEAVNR DEF VNKVIQDXFR D HDRT[K RVDVK? QKDJEKRRKR, RVXKEAVNR DEF VNKVIQDXFR D HDRT[K RVDVK? QKDJEKRRKR, RVXKEAVNR DEF VNKVIQDXFR D HDRT[K RVDVK? QKDJEKRRKR, RVXKEAVNR DEF VNKBIERKT[KEBKR IC VNK KBIEILMB BXMRMR CIX VNK HDRT[K KBIEILMBBIERKT[KEBKR IC VNK KBIEILMB BXMRMR CIX VNK HDRT[K KBIEILMBBIERKT[KEBKR IC VNK KBIEILMB BXMRMR CIX VNK HDRT[K KBIEILMBBIERKT[KEBKR IC VNK KBIEILMB BXMRMR CIX VNK HDRT[K KBIEILMB

CDHXMBCDHXMBCDHXMBCDHXMBDete Hirod Dgvdrkz ......................................................................................................................................... 480

6.6.6.6. VNK HDRT[K KBIEIL] DV VNK BXIRRXIDFRVNK HDRT[K KBIEIL] DV VNK BXIRRXIDFRVNK HDRT[K KBIEIL] DV VNK BXIRRXIDFRVNK HDRT[K KBIEIL] DV VNK BXIRRXIDFRKjdm Bketkr ........................................................................................................................................................... 460

;.;.;.;. VNK LIEFXDAIE BIIPKXDVMSK AXI[P DEF VNK PXIRPKBV IC DVNK LIEFXDAIE BIIPKXDVMSK AXI[P DEF VNK PXIRPKBV IC DVNK LIEFXDAIE BIIPKXDVMSK AXI[P DEF VNK PXIRPKBV IC DVNK LIEFXDAIE BIIPKXDVMSK AXI[P DEF VNK PXIRPKBV IC DHDRT[K RVDVKHDRT[K RVDVKHDRT[K RVDVKHDRT[K RVDVKDetxie Lkefmzdhdg Ktxdhk.......................................................................................................................... 4;3

3.3.3.3. VNK EKKF CIX D HDRT[K RVDVK ME D GDHI[X XKGDVMIER DEF RIBMDGVNK EKKF CIX D HDRT[K RVDVK ME D GDHI[X XKGDVMIER DEF RIBMDGVNK EKKF CIX D HDRT[K RVDVK ME D GDHI[X XKGDVMIER DEF RIBMDGVNK EKKF CIX D HDRT[K RVDVK ME D GDHI[X XKGDVMIER DEF RIBMDG

PXIVKBVMIE PKXRPKBVMSKPXIVKBVMIE PKXRPKBVMSKPXIVKBVMIE PKXRPKBVMSKPXIVKBVMIE PKXRPKBVMSKDmtir Hkeaiktxkd Dgjirtd............................................................................................................................... 410

1.1.1.1. H[MGFMEA D (HDRT[K) EDVMIE CXIL VNK QIXGF IC QIXJH[MGFMEA D (HDRT[K) EDVMIE CXIL VNK QIXGF IC QIXJH[MGFMEA D (HDRT[K) EDVMIE CXIL VNK QIXGF IC QIXJH[MGFMEA D (HDRT[K) EDVMIE CXIL VNK QIXGF IC QIXJCrdebmsbi Gktdlkefmd Hkguebk .................................................................................................................. 4>>

>.>.>.>. BGDRR MEVKXKRVR ME VNK H[MGFMEA IC D HDRT[K RVDVKBGDRR MEVKXKRVR ME VNK H[MGFMEA IC D HDRT[K RVDVKBGDRR MEVKXKRVR ME VNK H[MGFMEA IC D HDRT[K RVDVKBGDRR MEVKXKRVR ME VNK H[MGFMEA IC D HDRT[K RVDVKMdjm Amg fk Rde Smbketk Gdrrddad .......................................................................................................... 800


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CIXKQIXFCIXKQIXFCIXKQIXFCIXKQIXF

Mpdr Nkaid Cuefdzmid

Iek ic tnk aidgs ic tnk MPDX NKAID Ciuefdtmie ms ti bdrry iut stufmks def dedgysks icpigmtmbdg def sibmdg mssuks ic metkrkst cir tnk Hdsquk Biuetry def ti kebiurdak fmsbussmie icsubn suhokbts. Vnkrkcirk, dt tnk prksket tmlk wnke tnkrk ms lubn fkhdtk dhiut tnk vmdhmgmty icKusjdg Nkrrmd, MPDX NKAID Cuefdzmid wmsnks ti bietrmhutk ti tnk fmsbussmie hy icckrmeatnksk fibulkets. Rilk wmgg drauk tndt Kusjdg Nkrrmd ms d tmey biuetry, tndt crdalketdtmieldjks ei skesk me tnk prksket krd ic agihdgmsdtmie, tndt wndt ms ekkfkf eiw ms cir dgg ic us tiwirj tiaktnkr def dbnmkvk d lutudg uefkrstdefmea, tndt fkldefs cir mefkpkefkebk gkdf tifmsbrmlmedtmie dliea tnk lklhkrs ic d billuemty, def si ie, def si cirtn. Ldey cdbtirsdef biuetgkss draulkets drk bmtkf ds rkdsies tifdy cir eit brkdtmea ekw stdtks: silk ictnkl drk binkrket draulkets tndt ldjk d bkrtdme dliuet ic skesk. Def ykt, hk tndt ds mtldy, tniusdefs upie tniusdefs ic Hdsquk bmtmzkes drk stmgg mesmstmea tndt tnky wdet d stdtk ictnkmr iwe. Qndt ic tnkmr draulkets9 Drk tnksk eit dgsi binkrket, kqudggy mlpirtdet

draulkets9Qnktnkr wk gmjk mt ir eit, tnk cdbt ms tndt me tnk wirgf tifdy tnk stdtk bietmeuks ti hk tnk

bnmkc kxprkssmie ic bilprknkesmvk pigmtmbdg fkbmsmie-ldjmea piwkr. Vnkrkcirk, me tnkbietklpirdry Hdsquk Biuetry, me tnk burrket pigmtmbdg stdtk ic dccdmrs, wk hkgmkvk mt ms hitnmetkrkstmea def ekbkssdry ti uefkrtdjk d biggkbtmvk kxkrbmsk ic tnmejmea tnriuan tnk hkekcmts,iptmies, rmsjs def fdeakrs tndt tnk biestrubtmie ic d Hdsquk stdtk me Kuripk wiugf ketdmg, ieldey gkvkgs, mebgufmea tnk pigmtmbdg, mestmtutmiedg, tkrrmtirmdg, sibmi-kbieilmb, gmeaumstmb, bugturdg,def me tkrls ic mfketmty.

Vnk MPDX NKAID Ciuefdtmie pripisks ti tdjk d giea giij dt dgg tnk bmrbulstdebks defdsj niw ckdsmhgk d Hdsquk stdtk ms. Vnus wk ndvk hriuant tiaktnkr ie tnksk pdaks tnkipmemies ic eulkrius dbdfklmbs def rkskdrbnkrs wni drk cdlmgmdr wmtn tnms rdeak ic suhokbts.

Qk drk wkgg dwdrk tndt tnkrk drk ldey itnkr spkbmdgmsts, hksmfks tnksk, wni ndvk ictke ldfkkxtrklkgy metkrkstmea bietrmhutmies ti tnk cmkgf. MPDX NKAID Cuefdzmid nds eit skt mtskgc tnktdsj ic hrmeamea tiaktnkr bietrmhutmies cril kvkry smeagk subn kxpkrt, ir ti prksket me kqudglkdsurk burrket ipmemies me kvkry fmsbmpgmek, ir ti rkprksket kvkry smeagk rkamie ic iurbiuetry ti tnk sdlk fkarkk. Mestkdf, prmirmty nds hkke amvke ti dbnmkvmea d binkrket pmbturksuhsbrmhkf ti hy d rkspkbtdhgk eulhkr ic kxpkrts, kvke dt tnk rmsj ic gkdvmea silkakiardpnmbdg drkds, uemvkrsmtmks ir pkrspkbtmvks iut ic tnk pmbturk. Hut tnms fiks eit lkde wkndvk strmvke ti prifubk d smeagk, lieigmtnmb vmkwpimet? tndt wds eit iur purpisk. Kdbn dutnirwds crkk ti amvk tnkmr iwe ipmemie, privmfkf iegy tndt tnky cibus ie tnk ivkrdgg mfkd ic tnkekbkssmty def vmdhmgmty ic d Hdsquk stdtk: hkyief tndt, mt ms rkbiaemskf tndt tnkrk ms riil cir dvdrmkty ic pimets ic vmkw.

Dctkr dgg, tnk dml ic tnk prksket stufy wds eit ti brkdtk d biestmtutmie cir tnk Hdsqukstdtk, eir ti gdy fiwe rugks cir wndt d Hdsquk stdtk iuant ti hk gmjk. Iurs ms d gkss dlhmtmiusihokbtmvk, ykt qumtk d brubmdg iek dgg tnk sdlk. Vnk qukstmie wk wmsn ti deswkr ms tnms? Ms dHdsquk stdtk vmdhgk ir eit9 Qiugf mt ir wiugf mt eit hk wirtn tnk kccirt ti brkdtk d Hdsqukstdtk9 Qiugf Hdsquks hk wmggmea ti klhdrj ie subn d priokbt9 Me tnk kvket tndt tnkskqukstmies cmef de deswkr def mc tndt deswkr ms me tnk dccmrldtmvk, tnke, def iegy tnke, wiugf mthk tmlk cir us ti ture ti tnk ekxt skt ic qukstmies, qukstmies dhiut tnk fmrkbtmie def purpiskic subn d Hdsquk stdtk.

Vnk MPDX NKAID Ciuefdtmie hkgmkvks tndt tnk prksket stufy dffrkssks tnms ldttkr icarkdt metkrkst, def tndt mt ms dhgk ti pgdy d uskcug pdrt me hrmeamea Kusjdg Nkrrmd meti cibus me tnkprksket metkredtmiedg smtudtmie, hy adtnkrmea tiaktnkr d rdeak ic vmkws eiw burrket me d vdrmkty

ic fmsbmpgmeks: mt ldy dgsi nkgp ti kstdhgmsn tnk dhsigutk def rkgdtmvk pgdbk ic Kusjdg Nkrrmdwmtnme tnk fildme ic prksket-fdy stdtks. Qk hkgmkvk tnk metkrkstmea tnkirktmbdg bietrmhutmies


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skt fiwe ie tnksk pdaks wmgg bietrmhutk ti kefiwmea tnk fkldef cir d Hdsquk stdtk wmtnsuhstdebk, wnmgk dgsi privmea uskcug me irfkr ti gdy d siuef ldtkrmdg def mfkigiambdgciuefdtmie subn ds ms ekbkssdry me irfkr ti amvk cirl ti tndt kefkdviur. MPDX NKAID nigfstndt tnms ms tnk hkst iptmie cir kvkryhify wni gmvks def wirjs me Kusjdg Nkrrmd def fkckefstnk prklmsk tndt dt tnms tmlk tnk Hdsquk Biuetry pisskssks tnk hdsmb pitketmdgmtmks ekkfkf ti

humgf d stdtk tndt bde tdjk mts pgdbk dliea tnk stdtks ic Kuripk.

Vnus tnk MPDX NKAID Cuefdzmid icckrs, me Viwdrfs d HViwdrfs d HViwdrfs d HViwdrfs d Hdsquk Rtdtkdsquk Rtdtkdsquk Rtdtkdsquk Rtdtk, d qudgmcmkfbietrmhutmie biebkremea tnk ekkf cir def ckdsmhmgmty ic d ekwgy brkdtkf Hdsquk stdtk. Vnkstufy biesmsts ic tnrkk pdrts bivkrmea fmcckrket suhokbt drkds? EdtmieEdtmieEdtmieEdtmie----humgfmea defhumgfmea defhumgfmea defhumgfmea defMestmtutmies, Bmtmzkesnmp def BugturkMestmtutmies, Bmtmzkesnmp def BugturkMestmtutmies, Bmtmzkesnmp def BugturkMestmtutmies, Bmtmzkesnmp def Bugturk def Vkrrmtiry def RVkrrmtiry def RVkrrmtiry def RVkrrmtiry def Ribmikbieilmbsibmikbieilmbsibmikbieilmbsibmikbieilmbs....

Vnms hiij ms dhiut tnk tnmrf ic tnksk drkds.

Me tnk skbtmie ie VKXXMVIX]VKXXMVIX]VKXXMVIX]VKXXMVIX], Mdjm DetmaukfdfMdjm DetmaukfdfMdjm DetmaukfdfMdjm Detmaukfdf hkames ti rkcgkbt ie humgfmea d Hdsqukstdtk hy fmsbussmea tnk oustmcmbdtmies cir stufymea tnk suhokbt ic tkrrmtiry cril d vdrmkty icvmkwpimets. Cmrst ic dgg nk bndrdbtkrmsks tnk biebkpt ic tkrrmtiry? Vkrrmtiry ms eit lkrkgy d

akiardpnmbdg biebkpt. mt ms dgsi pigmtmbdg, def sibmdg, def kbieilmb. Mt ms tnk ciuefdtmie icstdtk humgfmea def mts fyedlmb, pnysmbdg lkfmul. Qmtniut tkrrmtiry tnkrk ms ei tkrrmtirmdgmty.Vkrrmtirmdgmty mlpgmks tkrrmtiry, def tkrrmtiry mlpgmks gdef.

Me Detmaukfdfs ipmemie, mc Hdsquks wmsn ti tdjk tnk ridf def cmef iur wdy ti stdtkniif,wk lust dspmrk ti deitnkr jmef ic stdtk dffrkssmea d fmcckrket bndggkeak? ti cdviur wirgfsustdmedhmgmty hy kesurmea tndt ic iur iwe niusk. Rustdmedhmgmty bde hk fkcmekf me ulptkkewdys hut nms cdviurmtk ms ds tnk ekkf ti dbbkpt gmlmts. Vnms bndggkeak mekvmtdhgy ketdmgs ldeybndeaks ic eulkrius typks, def d git ic rktnmejmea tii dgg tnk wdy cril biebkpts dhiutfkvkgiplket mtskgc, sustdmedhmgmty, tkrrmtirmdg irademsdtmie def ldedaklket, pnysmbdg hirfkrs,mefkpkefkebk, sibmdgmsl, cdbtirs ic prifubtmie ir tnk kbieily ti tnk ekw gmant ic tnkariwmea, lugtmcdrmius brmsks ic rkbket ykdrs me eirtn def siutn, kdst def wkst, def livmeatiwdrfs tnk brkdtmie ic ekw pdrdfmals.

Ds Vxilme GirbdVxilme GirbdVxilme GirbdVxilme Girbd sdys me tnk skbtmie ie RIBMIKBIEILMBRRIBMIKBIEILMBRRIBMIKBIEILMBRRIBMIKBIEILMBR, kbieilmb pigmby fkcmekstnk strubturmea ic d biuetrys kbieilmb systkl def mts survmvdg. Nkebk tnk irademsdtmie ic deykbieilmb systkl rkqumrks de dhmgmty ti ldjk fkbmsmies ti irademsk tndt systkl: lirkivkr, mtdgsi rkqumrks tnk kxmstkebk ic mestmtutmiedg mestrulkets ldjmea mt pissmhgk ti mecgukebkkbieilmb pgdeemea kcckbtmvkgy. Vnk nmankst kxprkssmie ic tnk ckdsmhmgmty ic de dutieiliussibmikbieilmb priokbt ms tnk biestrubtmie ic ieks iwe stdtk.

Vnms ms tnk pkrspkbtmvk cril wnmbn tnk dutnirs ic tnms hiij fkvkgip tnkmr tnksks, me wnmbntnky giij dt tnk humgfmea ic d Hdsquk stdtk cril d sibmikbieilmb vdetdak pimet. Nkebk tnkydgsi tdjk meti biesmfkrdtmie tnk bietkxt ic tnk prksket brmsms me tnkmr stufmks, wnmbn smtudtk tnkiptmies cir Kusjdg Nkrrmd ti ndvk mts iwe stdtk me tnk nkrk def eiw, wmtnme tnk bietkxt ic

biestrubtmea Kuripk def tnk prksket kbieilmb brmsms.

Vnk bndptkrs ic tnms hiij drk hitn metkrkstmea def ekbkssdry bietrmhutmies wnmbn prksket,ie tnk hdsms ic sibmikbieilmb pigmby, tnk rkdg iptmies cdbmea Kusjdg Nkrrmd cir humgfmea d stdtkic mts iwe wmtnme tnk Kuripkde [emie. Curtnkrlirk, ds Girbd pimets iut, tnk humgfmea ic dHdsquk stdtk klkraks ds d priokbt ic metkardtmie, smebk mt ms ic metkrkst me ihokbtmvk tkrls titrdesbkef pigmtmbdg def mfketmty mssuks ti dffrkss tnk ekkfs ic kvkryhify wni gmvks def wirjsme tnk Hdsquk Biuetry.

Gdst hut eit gkdst, tnk MPDX NKAID Ciuefdtmie nipks tndt tnms stufy wmgg skrvk ds dcrumtcug stdrtmea pimet cir curtnkr stufmks ie niw ti dppridbn tnk humgfmea ic tnk Hdsquk stdtk.Qk drk kxtrklkgy ardtkcug cir tnk metkrkst def ketnusmdsl sniwe hy tnisk wni ndvk

pdrtmbmpdtkf me tnms priokbt def cir tnkmr fkfmbdtmie def meput. Qk smebkrkgy tndej tnk kfmtir ictnms skbtmie, Mdjm DetmaukfdfMdjm DetmaukfdfMdjm DetmaukfdfMdjm Detmaukfdf def Vxilme GirbdVxilme GirbdVxilme GirbdVxilme Girbdrm, def dgg mts dutnirs.


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Vnk Hdsquk RtdtkVnk Hdsquk RtdtkVnk Hdsquk RtdtkVnk Hdsquk Rtdtk

def tdef tdef tdef tkrrmtirykrrmtirykrrmtirykrrmtiryMdjm Detmaukfdf Duzlkefm

Isjdr Drdetzdhdg MrdktdOdhmkr Krmzk Fk Gd Xmbd

Oisu Gdrrmedad DrzdDghkrti Crmds Amg


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MetrifubtmieMetrifubtmieMetrifubtmieMetrifubtmie

MMMMMMMMddddddddjjjjjjjjmmmmmmmmDDDDDDDDeeeeeeeettttttttmmmmmmmmaaaaaaaauuuuuuuukkkkkkkkffffffffddddddddffffffffDDDDDDDDuuuuuuuuzzzzzzzzllllllllkkkkkkkkeeeeeeeeffffffffmmmmmmmm,,,,,,,, PPPPPPPPrrrrrrrriiiiiiiicccccccckkkkkkkkssssssssssssssssiiiiiiiirrrrrrrriiiiiiiiccccccccNNNNNNNNyyyyyyyyffffffffrrrrrrrriiiiiiiiaaaaaaaakkkkkkkkiiiiiiiiggggggggiiiiiiiiaaaaaaaayyyyyyyy,,,,,,,, [[[[[[[[PPPPPPPPSSSSSSSS--------KKKKKKKKNNNNNNNN[[[[[[[[

Vkrrmtiry ms eit lkrkgy d akiardpnmbdg biebkpt. Mt ms dgsi pigmtmbdg, def sibmdg, def kbieilmb.Mt ms tnk ciuefdtmie ic stdtk humgfmea def mts fyedlmb, pnysmbdg lkfmul. Qmtniut tkrrmtirytnkrk ms ei tkrrmtirmdgmty. Vkrrmtirmdgmty mlpgmks tkrrmtiry, def tkrrmtiry mlpgmks gdef. Me tkrls icsibmikbieilmbs def tnk sibmdg gdefsbdpk, tnk smzk ic Kusjdg Nkrrmd ms d aiif iek cir d stdtkdef cir rkdpmea tnk hkekcmts ic d sldgg stdtk. Vnk tkrrmtiry ms dlkedhgk ti d ndrliemiusrkgdtmiesnmp hktwkke sibmdg ariups, cir spdtmdg fklibrdby. D tkrrmtirmdg bugturk sniugftnkrkcirk hk cistkrkf.

Vnms skbtmie dhiut Vkrrmtirycgksnks iut tnk prksket biggkbtmie me biebkpts def bietket,nkgpmea us ti uefkrstdef tnk mlpirtdebk ic tkrrmtiry me tnk drtmbugdtmie ic d stdtk. Dt d tmlk

wnke Kusjdg Nkrrmd ms skttmea mts smants ie d stdtk ic mts iwe, tnkrk ms d ekkf cir tnisk ic uswni suppirt sivkrkmaety ti rktrmkvk, curtnkr fkvkgip def bieekbt ti lirk cdlmgmdrbiebkpts ldey mfkds tndt ndvk ictke hkke rkgkadtkf me tnk pdst. Def iek ic tnk biebkptstndt nds tkefkf ti hk rkgkadtkf nds hkke tndt ic tkrrmtiry, fkspmtk crkquket def vknklketrkckrkebks ti tnk eitmie ic tkrrmtirmdgmty. Hut wndt ldttkrs ms eit oust ti rkbiaemsk tnkmlpirtdebk ic tkrrmtiry ds de metkardg biebkpt me humgfmea d biuetry, cir mt ms silktnmea lirktnde tndt? cir mt lust hk rkdgmskf tndt dgtniuan, me tnk gdst rksirt, d wmfk rdeak ic drkds(sibmdg, pigmtmbdg, kbieilmb, bugturdg ktb.) ndvk ti hk fkvkgipkf me tnk uekefmea pribksstndt tures d sibmkty meti d pkipgk def d stdtk, wk lust rkbiaemsk tndt tnisk drkds uecigf mespkbmcmb pnysmbdg spdbks. Def tndt spdbk ms tnk tkrrmtiry, d pnysmbdg, fyedlmb def bilpgkxlkfmul cir dgg jmefs ic nulde dbtmvmty. Vnus mt lust ic ekbkssmty hk dbjeiwgkfakf tndttkrrmtiry nds tnms trdesvkrsdg fmlkesmie.

Vnkrk ms deitnkr vkry mlpirtdet pimet tndt ekkfs ti hk bgdrmcmkf, kspkbmdggy me vmkw ictnms biggkbtmies pkrspkbtmvk. Mc wk wkrk ti fmsbuss niw vmdhgk d ekw stdtk ms, wk wiugfprihdhgy tdgj dhiut mts sibmdg vmdhmgmty (m.k. tnk dttmtufk ic tnk ldoirmty ic tnk tkrrmtiryspipugdtmie), mts pigmtmbdg vmdhmgmty (tnk gkadg def pigmtmbdg mestrulkets cir amvmea kxprkssmie titndt dttmtufk) def mts kbieilmb vmdhmgmty (tnk pisskssmie ic dfkqudtk rksiurbks ti dggiw tndtsibmkty ti stdef ie mts iwe twi ckkt me tnk prksket agihdgmsmea def agihdgmskf wirgf dsskssmea tndt pitketmdg dutieily me tkrls ic burrket ldbri-kbieilmb pdrdlktkrs), hut wkwiugf eit rkadrf tnk tkrrmtiry mtskgc ds d brmtkrmie ic vmdhmgmty, dpdrt cril pkrndps rkldrjmeatndt tnk sibmkty me qukstmie wnmbn ms skkjmea stdtkniif ibbupmks d pdrtmbugdr akiardpnmbdgspdbk.

Me tndt bdsk, wndt ms tnk pimet ic iur klpndsms ie tnk rkgdtmiesnmp hktwkke tkrrmtiry defstdtk9 Qkgg, tnk prksket frmvk cir d stdtk ms tdjmea pgdbk me tnk lmfst ic d brmsms smtudtmie metnk rkamies ic Kusjdg Nkrrmd, tnk stdtks ic Rpdme def Crdebk, dbriss Kuripk def hkyief:def tnms brmsms dfipts pdrtmbugdr bndrdbtkrmstmbs me kdbn pgdbk wnkrk mt ibburs. Lirkivkr, wkdrk rkdggy me tnk lmfst ic skvkrdgbrmsks, hkbdusk tnk irmamedg cmedebmdg def ldrjkt brmsms ndssprkdf iut gmjk de img sgmbj ti dbbkgkrdtk brmsks me itnkr fildmes (subn ds tnk brmsks ic tnkrkdg kbieily, tnk wkgcdrk stdtk, puhgmb piwkr def si ie), ivkrsndfiwmea kdrgmkr brmsks (tnkkekray brmsms, ciif snirtdaks, bgmldtk bndeak, ktb.). Hut tnisk brmsks drk dgg tnkrk, kmtnkr ieir hkekdtn tnk surcdbk, dwdmtmea de metkardtkf sigutmie: me tnk gdst rksirt dgg tnk itnkrs ldyhk biesmfkrkf tnk hrdebnks ic iek arkdt brmsms? tnk vkry systkl mtskgc ms me fmrk strdmts.

Def nkrkme gmks tnk bndggkeak? tnk riutk ti stdtkniif ms dgrkdfy bilpgmbdtkf def tnkoiureky tmlk ms dgrkdfy giea, ykt tnk trdvkggkrs dgiea tnms riutk drk curtnkrlirk biestrdmekfti ldjk surk tndt tnk riutk wk dfipt tiwdrfs d cuturk Hdsquk stdtk wmgg eit hk d lkrklmrrir mldak ic tnk vkry stdtks tndt cmef tnklskgvks uedhgk ti cmef d gkamtmldtk kxmt cril


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tnkmr prksket brmsms. Nkebk wnmgk d Hdsquk stdtk ldy wkgg hk vmdhgk cril tnk kxtkredgpkrspkbtmvk ic tnk bievketmiedg brmtkrmd, wk ekkf ti ldjk mt metkredggy vmdhgk dgsi hypursumea d ndrliemius def gkamtmldtk lifkg ic sibmikbieilmb fkvkgiplket tnriuaniutiur tkrrmtiry, wmtn sustdmedhmgmty ds iur aidg, tdjmea meti dbbiuet tnk ciur fmlkesmies ic tnmsbiebkpt, iek ic wnmbn ms tndt ic tkrrmtiry. Qk lust ture tnk pkrmgs menkrket me tnksk brmsks

meti ippirtuemtmks cir Kusjdg Nkrrmd ti hkbilk tnk rmant jmef ic wkgcdrk stdtk dgg ivkr tnkHdsquk tkrrmtirmks. Vnk cuefdlketdg qukstmie ms eit niw ti akt iut ic tnk brmsms hut wnkrkti ai cril nkrk: tnkrkme gmks tnk ippirtuemty cir bndeak, cir ds Kmestkme sdmf, Ei prihgklbde hk sigvkf cril tnk sdlk gkvkg ic biesbmiusekss tndt brkdtkf mt. Vnkrkcirk gkt usprkpdrk cir bndeak ie tnk wdy tiwdrfs d Hdsquk stdtk, def tnk ridfldp cir tniskbndeaks.

Rmebk tkrrmtiry ms tnk jky mssuk me tnms skbtmie, gkt us hkame wmtn tnk fkcmemtmie me d 8001rkpirt ic Admefkamd (tnk Hdsquk Ihskrvdtiry ic Kbieilmb def Ribmdg Fkvkgiplket)?

Vnk akiardpnmbdg drkd tndt pkrtdmes ti d hkmea, billuemty, gdeaudak ir silk itnkrjmef ic pnysmbdg ir mldamedry ketmty ms bdggkf d tkrrmtiry. Mt ldy hk tnk gmvmea spdbk ic d

amvke vkaktdhgk ir demldg spkbmks, ir tnk trdfmtmiedg ir gmeaumstmb fildme ic d pdrtmbugdrariup ic pkipgk. Qnke mt birrkspiefs ti d bilpgkx skt ic mefmvmfudgs, wnktnkr tnms hkd pkipgk, d edtmie ir d sibmkty, tnk tkrrmtiry irmamedtks d billie priokbt. Cril tniskvmkwpimets tnk tkrrmtiry ms d lkfmul def tnk cuefdlketdg rksiurbk def, dt tnk sdlktmlk, d gmvmea spdbk, d edtmvk gdefsbdpk def tnk birk ic mefmvmfudg def biggkbtmvklkliry. Vndt ms, tkrrmtiry ms tnk akiardpnmbdg drkd wnkrk tnk pkipgk gmvk def wnmbnstdefs dt tnk bketrk ic tnkmr gmck kxpkrmkebks, def wnmbn ms dflmemstkrkf ti suppirt dggpkipgks sustkedebk def wkgg-hkmea.

Vnk fVnk fVnk fVnk fkstmedtmiekstmedtmiekstmedtmiekstmedtmie msmsmsms tkrrmtiry, hut tnk bndggkeak ms sustdmedhmgmtytkrrmtiry, hut tnk bndggkeak ms sustdmedhmgmtytkrrmtiry, hut tnk bndggkeak ms sustdmedhmgmtytkrrmtiry, hut tnk bndggkeak ms sustdmedhmgmtyCir tnisk ic us dgg ivkr tnk pgdekt wni wmsn def strmvk cir d fmcckrket jmef ic wirgf, tnk

hmaakst bndggkeak ms ti livk tnk prksket, uesustdmedhgk sibmkty (wnmbn, ds hkbilks lirkdef lirk ihvmius dgg tnk tmlk, stulhgks dgiea cril iek brmsms ti tnk ekxt) tiwdrfssustdmedhmgmty. Def tnriuan iek jmef ic trdesmtmie ir deitnkr, wndtkvkr tnk tkrrmtiry,wnmbnkvkr tnk stdtk, tnms riutk wmgg ekbkssdrmgy ndvk tnrkk ldme bilpiekets? d sibmipigmtmbdgiek (sibmkty), d sibmikbieilmb iek (tnk kbieily) def d sibmi-tkrrmtirmdg iek (tnkkevmrielket). Niwkvkr, dgtniuan tnksk tnrkk drk ictke pgdbkf ie tnk sdlk gkvkg (ds mc tndtwds wnkrk tnky hkgieakf!), wk wiugf ndvk ti dflmt tndt tnky ndvk rkdggy hkke ie fmcckrketgkvkgs mc wk kvkr hrijk crkk cril tnk striea mekrtmd ic tnk pdst!

Mc tnk edturdg nmkrdrbny fktkrlmekf tnk irfkr, ie tnk bietrdry, tnky wiugf eit hk ie tnksdlk gkvkg dt dgg? tnk kevmrielket (tkrrmtiry, me mts hridfkst skesk) ms tnk ciuefdtmie (wnmbnicckrs us mts rksiurbks def ardtmcmbdtmies me cdmr lkdsurk): wmtnme tndt bilks sibmkty, wnmbn

ibbupmks tnk tkrrmtiry def ldjks usk ic mt me iek wdy ir deitnkr: wnmgk kbieily wiugfbilk gdst, d bmrbugdr kbieily akdrkf ti tnk khhs def cgiws ic edturk, dt tnk skrvmbk icsibmkty. Ie tnk bietrdry, eiwdfdys tnk dgg-piwkrcug ldrjkt cirbks ndvk turekf dgg tnms ie mtsnkdf, puttmea tnk kbieily, ir de kbieilmbmstmb wdy ic vmkwmea tnms, dt tnk tip ic tnkpyrdlmf, def trkdtmea sibmkty def tkrrmtiry ds suhirfmedtk, cgubtudtmea mtkls iclkrbndefmsk. Mc Hdsquks wmsn ti tdjk tnk ridf def cmef iur wdy ti stdtkniif, wk lustdspmrk ti deitnkr jmef ic stdtk dffrkssmea d fmcckrket bndggkeak? ti cdviur wirgfsustdmedhmgmty hy kesurmea tndt ic iur iwe niusk. Deitnkr biebkpt tndt wiugf lkrmt dfmsbussmie me mts iwe rmant ms tndt ic fkvkgiplket: me tnms bndptkr wk ndvk gkct tnms iut icbiesmfkrdtmie, def wnkrk mt fiks dppkdr mt sniugf hk uefkrstiif me tnk list pismtmvkskesk pissmhgk.

Rustdmedhmgmty bde hk fkcmekf me ldey wdys, hut nkrk M wmgg amvk iek ic ly cdviurmtks,wnmbn ms hitn ds smlpgk ds biugf hk def ds priciuef: kdbn ic us bde dppkef iur iwe


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deeitdtmie ti tnms bketrdg mfkd dbbirfmea ti tnk tmlk def pgdbk, hut tnk mfkd ms tnms?sustdmedhmgmty ms dbbkptmea gmlmts.Hmipnysmbdg gmlmts, cuefdlketdggy. Amvke tndt tnisk gmlmtsbde vdry cril iek tkrrmtiry ti deitnkr, si wmgg tnk ldeekr me wnmbn wk uefkrstdef def hrmeadhiut sustdmedhmgmty? tnkrkcirk, sustdmedhmgmty sniugf eit hk vmkwkf cril d smeagkpkrspkbtmvk. Vnk aidg ms cir gkamtmldtk sibmktmks me kdbn pgdbk ti hk sustdmedhgk ivkr tmlk.

Rustdmedhmgmty ms silktmlks sdmf ti rkst upie tnrkk pmggdrs? d hkdrdhgk kevmrielket, dekqumtdhgk sibmkty def d vmdhgk (ir nkdgtny) kbieily: ti tnms mt wiugf hk wkgg ti dff d ciurtn?d tkrrmtiry, m.k. d spdtmdg fildme me wnmbn ti fkvkgip tnk itnkr tnrkk pmggdrs. Vnms lmant hkbdggkf tnk tkrrmtirmdgmzdtmieic fkvkgiplket. Vi put mt deitnkr wdy? ds de igf Hdsquk dfdaksdys, sutde odrtzkde prihdtzke fd eigdjid fke kgtzkd, tnk tkst ic tnk pit bilks wnke mt mspgdbkf ie tnk cmrk. Qnke tnk tnrkk pmggdrs ic sustdmedhmgmty drk pgdbkf ie d pdrtmbugdrakiardpnmbdg tkrrmtiry, wk sndgg tkst tnkmr strkeatn.

Qnke tnmejmea dhiut tnk irademsdtmie def ldedaklket ic d tkrrmtiry, sustdmedhmgmty ndsti hk pgittkf dgiea tnk twi dxks ic tmlk def spdbk. Ds rkadrfs tmlk, silk bndeaks ekkfti hk hriuant dhiut snirt-tkrl wnmgk itnkr lirk priciuef, strubturdg trdescirldtmies wmggekkf d lubn gieakr pkrmif ic tmlk. Qmtn rkspkbt ti spdbk, silk tnmeas ekkf ti bndeak ie

d gibdg, rkamiedg ir edtmiedg gkvkg wnkrkds itnkrs ekkf ti dppgy ie d lubn gdrakr sbdgk(subn ds Kuripk). Ri mt ms ekbkssdry ti cmt dbtmies ie d vdrmkty ic spdtmdg def tklpirdg sbdgkstiaktnkr meti d ridfldp tndt wmgg gkdf tiwdrfs sustdmedhmgmty def tnke uefkrstdef kdbnstkp me tnk dppriprmdtk bietkxt.

Ribmdg ketmtmks sniugf put tiaktnkr subn d ridf ldp, rkamie hy rkamie def dbrissKusjdg Nkrrmd. Vi fi tnms, tnk tkbnemquk ic tnk hkst Hdsquk hkrtsigdrmdj tndt biesmsts icwirjmea cril tnk kefmea ti tnk hkameemea ldy skrvk ds d aiif aumfk? tnk cmrst tnmea tnkhkrtsigdrmekkfs ti jeiw ms wndt tnk gdst gmek ic tnk vkrsk ms aimea ti sdy. Rmlmgdrgy, wk ekkfti stdrt vmsudgmsmea d sustdmedhgk cuturk tifdy, me akekrdg tkrls dt gkdst, def ti tdjk tndt dsiur rkckrkebk pimet si tndt iur prksket fmrkbtmie ms fktkrlmekf hy iur aidg cir tilirriw,rdtnkr tnde hy tnk mekrtmd ic tnk pdst. Ds silkhify put mt? D rktrispkbt vmkw cril d

sustdmedhgk cuturk ms hkttkr tnde d cirkbdst cril de uesustdmedhgk prksket.

Rustdmedhmgmty pisks d bndggkeak ie gibdg def stdtk gkvkgs. Mt ekbkssdrmgy mlpgmks ldeybndeaks ic fmcckrket jmefs def d git ic rktnmejmea, dgg tnk wdy cril biebkpts dhiutfkvkgiplket mtskgc, sustdmedhmgmty, tkrrmtirmdg irademsdtmie def ldedaklket, pnysmbdghirfkrs, mefkpkefkebk, sibmdgmsl, cdbtirs ic prifubtmie ir tnk kbieily ti tnk ekw gmant ictnk ariwmea, lugtmcdrmius brmsks ic rkbket ykdrs me eirtn def siutn, kdst def wkst, deflivmea tiwdrfs tnk brkdtmie ic ekw pdrdfmals.

Vnk stufmks me tnms skbtmie, Vkrrmtiry, dml ti stmlugdtk rkcgkbtmie dhiut tnksk tnmeas. Vnkpimet ms eit ti biebgufk tnk fkhdtk hut ti akt mt stdrtkf, cir tnkrk rkldme d arkdt ldeyqukstmies ti hk deswkrkf. Vdjk tnksk bietrmhutmies ds stdrtmea pimets def tnke ldjk yiur

iwe bietrmhutmies ti tnk fkvkgiplket ic tnksk mfkds!

Vnk tkrrmtirmdg fmlkesmie ic stdtk humgfmeaVnk tkrrmtirmdg fmlkesmie ic stdtk humgfmeaVnk tkrrmtirmdg fmlkesmie ic stdtk humgfmeaVnk tkrrmtirmdg fmlkesmie ic stdtk humgfmeaVnkrk ms d pigmtmbdg biebkpt ic tkrrmtiry ds tnk spdbk fkcmekf hy tnk akiardpnmbdg

hirfkrs ic d stdtk. Qndt ms tnk mfkdg smzk9 Vnk kbieilmst IIIIsjdr Drdetzdhdgsjdr Drdetzdhdgsjdr Drdetzdhdgsjdr Drdetzdhdg icckrs dedeswkr ti tnms qukstmie hy kxdlmemea tnk dfvdetdaks ic sldgg stdtks. Hut wndt ms tnk mfkdgsmzk cir silktnmea deywdy9 Vnms ms d qukstmie tndt wds dsjkf cirty ykdrs dai, me 4=12, hyRbnuldbnkr me nms cdlius hiij Rldgg Ms Hkdutmcug. Ms smzk rkdggy de mssuk, nk dsjs9 Me tnkbietklpirdry bievketmiedg tnkirmks gdrak smzk wds vmkwkf ds d vmrtuk me mtskgc, biestdetgybietrdstkf wmtn sldggekss, wnktnkr mt wds d ldttkr ic tnk smzk ic edtmies, bilpdemks irldrjkts. Qnikvkr wdetkf ti hk subbksscug lust dml ti hk hma. Rbnuldbnkr bilpdrkf

tnisk tnkirmks ti wndt wds sniwe hy tnk prdbtmbdgrkdgmtmks ic nms tmlk, fkliestrdtmea tndttnkrk ms ei fmrkbt bieekbtmie hktwkke smzk def kcckbtmvkekss: nk draukf tndt ldey itnkr


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cdbtirs dgsi bdlk meti pgdy, def rkdbnkf tnk biebgusmie tndt sldgg ms eit iegy kccmbmket defdbbkssmhgk hut dgsi hkdutmcug def list mlpirtdetgy, pissmhgk.

Rmzk mevigvks sbdgk. Vnk qukstmie ms niw ti bilhmek mefkpkefkebk defmetkrfkpkefkebk wmtniut mevigvmea dey cirl ic fkpkefkebk. M dl rklmefkf ic tnk wirfs

ic tnk wkgg-jeiwe Akrlde sibmigiamst [grmbn Hkbj (wni bimekf tnk tkrl rmsj sibmkty), titnk kcckbt tndt pkipgks def stdtks ekkf d pigmby ic metkredg agihdgmsdtmie, dutieily tifkbmfk ie tnkmr iwe metkredg dccdmrs def ldedak tnkl, def tnms lust hk bilhmekf wmtnsndrkf dutieily ivkr kxtkredg dccdmrs. D biuetry gmjk Kusjdg Nkrrmd bdeeit sigvk tnkagihdgmskf wirgfs (ic tnk agihdgmskrs def tnk agihdgmskf) skvkrk agihdg prihgkls, wnktnkrtnky hk sibmikbieilmb ieks (subn ds cdlmeks, lmardtiry livklkets, billkrbmdg dhusksir fkpgktmie ic rksiurbks) ir tnkmr sibmdg def kbigiambdg bieskqukebks, wnmbn ldy mebgufkbgmldtk bndeak. D Hdsquk stdtk wmgg ndvk ti pgdy mts iwe pdrt cril mts birekr wmtn strkeatndef sjmgg (eit tnk sdlk tnmeas!) ti bietrmhutk ti d gdstmea sigutmie ti subn agihdg prihgkls,hut mekvmtdhgy mt wmgg ekkf ti fi si oimetgy wmtn itnkr pgdykrs. Vndt ms wndt ms lkdet hy dpigmby ic metkredg agihdgmsdtmie. Ciif dutieily lmant hk tnk list kcckbtmvk stkp wmtnme tnmsbilpgmbdtkf cril-me-ti-iut crdlkwirj. Vnk tnmea ms ti ai cir sustdmedhmgmty, dt nilk def

kgskwnkrk.

Vkrrmtiry ds gdef? ciif sivkrkmaetyVkrrmtiry ds gdef? ciif sivkrkmaetyVkrrmtiry ds gdef? ciif sivkrkmaetyVkrrmtiry ds gdef? ciif sivkrkmaetyBgdssmbdg pigmtmbdg tnkiry biesmfkrs tndt tnkrk drk tnrkk bilpiekets ti tnk stdtk? d) d

tkrrmtiry, h) d pipugdtmie, def b) d sivkrkmae piwkr. Vnus tkrrmtiry ms d cuefdlketdg dttrmhutkic tnk stdtk, d bilpgktk pigmtmbdg biebkpt ivkr def dhivk tnk mebilpgktk pkrspkbtmvk ic mtme tkrrmtirmdg pgdeemea. Vkrrmtiry nds tnrkk dspkbts? tnk pnysmbdg, tnk gkadg def tnk kbieilmb.Vnk tnmrf ic tnksk ms fmsbusskf hy tnk gdwykr Odhmkr KrmzkOdhmkr KrmzkOdhmkr KrmzkOdhmkr Krmzk. Ie tnk kbieilmb smfk, tnk hdsmsic tkrrmtiry ms gdef skke ds d cdbtir ic prifubtmie. Nk rklmefs us tndt bgdssmbdg kbieilmbsfmstmeaumsnks hktwkke tnrkk cdbtirs ic prifubtmie? gdef, bdpmtdg def gdhiur. Dgtniuan tnktkrl bdpmtdgbde skklmeagy hk tdjke me d ekutrdg skesk, tnk sibmikbieilmb bietkxt sniugf

hk tdjke meti dbbiuet. Vnus Krmbk stufmks gdef me tnk bietkxt ic tnk ldrbn tiwdrfs dHdsquk stdtk.

Krmbk bdggs cir ciif sivkrkmaety, eit lkrkgy d cirldg biebkpt hut iek wmtn d ldtkrmdgbietket, def d trdescirlmea iek dt tndt. Curtnkrlirk, mt ms de kxpdesmvk biebkpt wnmbn bdeskrvk ds d lifkg cir tnk fkvkgiplket def ldturdtmie ic itnkr biebkpts (k.a. kekray). Vndtic ciif sivkrkmaety ms akekrdg, lirk tnde oust d pdrtmbugdr kxprkssmie ic pigmtmbdgsivkrkmaety. Vnkrkcirk nk cdviurs gibdg darmbugturk, draumea tndt tnk burrket prifubtmvmstlifkg ms eit aiif cir Hdsquk cdrlkrs. Nk brmtmbmsks tnk dppgmbdtmie ic cmedebmdg spkbugdtmieti tnk ciif ldrjkt wnmbn hrmeas us hdbj ti tnk pimet dhiut pigmbmks ic metkredgagihdgmsdtmie.

Vkrrmtirmdg irademsdtmieVkrrmtirmdg irademsdtmieVkrrmtirmdg irademsdtmieVkrrmtirmdg irademsdtmieQk ictke pgdy fiwe tnk mlpirtdebk ic tkrrmtiry wnke dfiptmea d lifkg ic

fkvkgiplket. Qk ekkf ti dml dt d nirmzietdggy metkardtkf, hdgdebkf tkrrmtirmdg irademsdtmiewnmbn rkbiaemsks tnk pdrtmbugdr rigk def cuebtmie ic kdbn pdrt ic tnk tkrrmtiry. Vnkrkcirk tnkrkamies, wnmbn cir tnk list pdrt bimebmfk wmtn rmvkr vdggkys, lust ndvk d spkbmdg cuebtmie meKusjdg Nkrrmd: tnksk vdggky systkls drk iur hdsmb tkrrmtirmdg uemt cril de kbigiambdgpkrspkbtmvk. Xkamies dgsi rkprksket tkrrmtirmdg mfketmtmks wnmbn drk wkgg sumtkf ti gibdgprifubtmie-trdespirtdtmie-biesulptmie bybgks, def nkebk biestmtutk tnk mfkdg sbdgklkfmdtmea hktwkke tnk luembmpdg uemt def tnk stdtk. Vnky sniugf hk dbbirfkf lirkmlpirtdebk me d stdtks gkadg strubturk tnde tnky burrketgy ndvk (silktnmea ti hkbiesmfkrkf me tnk fkhdtk ivkr tnk Gdw ic Nmstirmbdg Vkrrmtirmks).


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D. CrmdsD. CrmdsD. CrmdsD. Crmds kxdlmeks tnk fkcmbmt me fklibrdtmb sibmikbieilmb fkvkgiplket ic tnk burrketsystkl ic tkrrmtirmdg irademsdtmie. Vdjmea ds nms stdrtmea pimet agihdgmsdtmie uefkrstiif ds dbilpgktk mfkigiay tndt aiks hkyief tnk kvigutmie ic tnk kbieilmb systkl, Crmds pricmgkstnk prksket kbieilmb systkl, giijmea me pdrtmbugdr dt mts mlpdbt ie tkrrmtiry. Vnk lktripigmsms skke ds tnk birk tkrrmtirmdg lifkg ic prksket-fdy bdpmtdgmsl: tnms ms tnk lifkg tndt

biebketrdtks tnk dbtmvmtmks ic tnk skrvmbk def cmedebmdg skbtirs spdtmdggy, dgtniuan prifubtmvkdbtmvmtmks drk fmstrmhutkf dbbirfmea ti tnkmr bists dbriss spdbk. Mt tnmejs ic tnk rurdg fildmeds suhirfmedtk ti d systkl tndt nds hkke biebkptudgmskf def irademskf cril tnk urhdefildme, wnmbn ms prkibbupmkf wmtn mts trdespirtdtmie ekkfs def wmtn kekray biesulptmie,def mebrkdsmeagy si: wnmbn nkgps us ti uefkrstdef hkttkr, dliea tnk fmcckrket brmsks wkcdbk me tifdys wirgf, tnk kbigiambdg brmsms.

Crmds dgsi fmsbussks bilpktkebks me tkrrmtirmdg irademsdtmie. Ruppiskfgy tnk HdsqukDutieilius Billuemty nds cugg bilpktkebk ivkr mt. Niwkvkr, hkbdusk ei prkbmskbiebkptudg fkcmemtmie ic subn irademsdtmie dppkdrs me tnk hdsmb rkaugdtmies, mt ms fiuhtcugniw cugg tndt bilpktkebk rkdggy ms, smebk tnk Rpdemsn Biestmtutmie amvks tnk bketrdg stdtkbilpktkebk ivkr dbtmvmtmks tndt bde tdjk pgdbk me def ndvk de mlpdbt ie tnk sdlk

tkrrmtirmdg spdbk. Bieskquketgy, puhgmb memtmdtmvks ndvk rkgdtmvmskf tnk pissmhmgmty ic rkdggyirademsmea tkrrmtirmdg spdbk. Qndt ms bkrtdme ms tndt tnkrk ms ei truk pigmtmbdg piwkr tiirademsk tnk tkrrmtiry me tnk prksket tkrrmtirmdg dflmemstrdtmie ic Kusjdg Nkrrmd. Vnkrk mstnkrkcirk wirj ti hk fiek hy d Hdsquk stdtk ti uefkrstdef def bdrry iut tnk irademsdtmieic tnk tkrrmtirmks uefkr mts duspmbks me d fmcckrket wdy tnriuan pigmtmbdg piwkr, livmea crilde metkardtmea pkrspkbtmvk dbbirfmea ti tnk ekw pdrdfmal tiwdrfs d ekw tkrrmtirmdg bugturk,wmtn d strkeatnkemea ic gibdg biebkres.

Vnk sibmdg dspkbt ic tkrrmtiryVnk sibmdg dspkbt ic tkrrmtiryVnk sibmdg dspkbt ic tkrrmtiryVnk sibmdg dspkbt ic tkrrmtiryDey pripisdg cir de metkredg rkstrubturmea ic d Hdsquk stdtk lust mekvmtdhgy tdjk meti

biesmfkrdtmie tnk rkgdtmies hktwkke bmvmg sibmkty def aivkrelketdg hifmks. Hkyief

kbieilmbs, tnke, tkrrmtiry ms wndt gkdfs ti tnk bugturdg def sibmdg binksmie ic tnkpipugdtmie. Nkrk wk drk tnmejmea dhiut tkrrmtiry ds d sibmdg biebkpt. Nulde hkmeas metkrdbtwmtn tnkmr kevmrielket def iur sibmdg rkgdtmies drk me biestdet cgux wmtnme tnisk spdbks. Vnmsms tnk suhokbt ic tnk sibmigiamst Oisu GdrrmedadOisu GdrrmedadOisu GdrrmedadOisu Gdrrmedads bietrmhutmie ti tnms skbtmie, def nk tdhgkssilk vkry suaakstmvk mfkds subn ds spdtmdg oustmbk, tnk spdtmdg rkcgkbtmie ic tnk ekkf cirsibmdg oustmbk.

Gdrrmedad pimets iut tndt d wkdjekss ic ldey tnkirmks gmks me tnk prihgkl ic niw tihrmea dhiut puhgmb pdrtmbmpdtmie me tnk fkbmsmie pribkss ti ldjk mt fklibrdtmb? wnifkbmfks, def wnkrk def niw9 Nk nds silk metkrkstmea suaakstmies rkadrfmea tnms, wnmbndrk uskcug cir kebiurdamea pdrtmbmpdtmie ie tnk wdy ti d Hdsquk stdtk. Qmtniut stdefmeahy def wdmtmea cir tnk wiefkrcug gkadg def pigmtmbdg crdlkwirjs tndt Kusjdg Nkrrmd wmgg ekkf

ti dbqumrk me tnk cuturk, tnkrk ms pgkety tndt bde hk mlprivkf def lubn ti hk ciuant cirfdy-hy-fdy tnriuan tnk lkbndemsls ic bmtmzke pdrtmbmpdtmie. Vnkrk ndvk hkke ldeybiecgmbts me Kusjdg Nkrrmd tndt wkrk bgiskgy gmejkf ti dgg tnms, def Gdrrmedad nds tnms ti sdydhiut tnkl? Iur pigmtmbdg bugturk me tnms rkadrf ms vkry hkggmakrket mefkkf? mt ms ndrf ti cmefd spdbk cir bieskesus humgfmea nkrk. Mset tnk ridf ti d stdtk de kxbkggket ippirtuemty tistdrt brkdtmea tndt spdbk9 Nk pimets ti billuemty tkrrmtiry, me biebgusmie: tnk tkrrmtiry iewnmbn d billuemty gmvks def wirjs, rkaugdtks mts bikxmstkebk def mts rkgdtmiesnmp wmtn tnktkrrmtiry, def biestrubts, fkbiestrubts def rkbiestrubts mts iwe bugturk. Piwkr ms skke ds dpigmtmbdg drbnmtkbturk tndt ms humgt def gkamtmlmskf cril tnk hittil up. Qnke dgg ms sdmf deffiek, tkrrmtiry ms tnk niusk tndt wk sndrk.

Cir tnisk ic us wni hkgmkvk d fmcckrket wirgf ms pissmhgk ie tnms pgdekt Kdrtn def wirj

tiwdrfs mt, tnk trdesmtmie ti d Hdsquk stdtk ms d pkrckbt ippirtuemty, privmfkf iur aidg rkdggyms ti brkdtk d fmcckrket jmef ic stdtk dt gkdst cir ds giea ds tnkrk drk stdtks me tnk wirgf!


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4.4.4.4. Vnk tkrrmtirmdg fmlkesmie ic d stdtks strubturkVnk tkrrmtirmdg fmlkesmie ic d stdtks strubturkVnk tkrrmtirmdg fmlkesmie ic d stdtks strubturkVnk tkrrmtirmdg fmlkesmie ic d stdtks strubturk....

IIIIIIIIssssssssjjjjjjjjddddddddrrrrrrrrDDDDDDDDrrrrrrrrddddddddeeeeeeeettttttttzzzzzzzzddddddddhhhhhhhhddddddddggggggggMMMMMMMM rrrrrrrrddddddddkkkkkkkkttttttttdddddddd,,,,,,,, KKKKKKKKbbbbbbbbiiiiiiiieeeeeeeeiiiiiiiillllllllmmmmmmmmsssssssstttttttt,,,,,,,, LLLLLLLLddddddddssssssssttttttttkkkkkkkkrrrrrrrrssssssssmmmmmmmmeeeeeeeeMMMMMMMMeeeeeeeettttttttkkkkkkkkrrrrrrrreeeeeeeeddddddddttttttttmmmmmmmmiiiiiiiieeeeeeeeddddddddggggggggLLLLLLLLddddddddrrrrrrrrjjjjjjjjkkkkkkkkttttttttmmmmmmmmeeeeeeeeaaaaaaaa

Vnms bndptkr rkvmkws tnk nmstirmbdg fkvkgiplket ic stdtmstmbdg trkefs def tnk kcckbt ic tnksprkdf ic fklibrdby wirgfwmfk, wnkrkhy de mebrkdsk me tnk eulhkr ic stdtks rksugts mesldggkr stdtks. Vnkrk drk ckw stufmks ic wndt tnk mfkdg smzk cir d stdtk wiugf hk, hut mt lmanthk skt me tnk rkamie ic cmvk ir smx lmggmie mendhmtdets. Vnms mssuk rkvigvks driuef tnk trdfk-icchktwkke pipugdtmie mebrkdsks def nktkriakekmty me akiardpnmbdg, bugturdg, kbieilmb defmfkigiambdg tkrls.

Vnk bndptkr aiks ie ti kxdlmek tnk dfvdetdaks cir sldgg stdtks, hitn rkadrfmea stdefdrfmefmbdtirs (AEP, NFM, Amem bikccmbmket, ueklpgiylket, trdespdrkeby, sigmfdrmty, rdtmeas) deflirk rkbket ieks (ekadtmvk ariwtn, kbigiambdg ciitprmet def AEN). Vnk tnkirktmbdg

biebkpts uskf mebgufk metkredg binksmie, ipkeekss, bilpktmtmvk spkbmdgmsdtmie, cgkxmhmgmty,giwkr fkckebk kxpkesks, ariwtn, def dbtmea ds de kxpkrmlketdg gdhirdtiry.

Rkvkrdg rkgkvdet Kuripkde bdsks drk rkvmkwkf? Mbkgdef, Fkeldrj, Eirwdy, Rgivkemd, def(vmkwkf ds priokbts burrketgy me priarkss) Rbitgdef def Bdtdgiemd. Biebgusmies? kbieilmbmetkardtmie ms gmejkf ti pigmtmbdg fmsmetkardtmie, skpdrdtmsl ms me viauk, defmetkrfkpkefkebk cir sldggkr stdtks wmgg kvketudggy prkvdmg me tnk ekwgy klkramea pdrdfmal.


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4.4.4.4. D GMVVGK NMRVIX]D GMVVGK NMRVIX]D GMVVGK NMRVIX]D GMVVGK NMRVIX]

Vi put tnmeas meti pkrspkbtmvk, gkts stdrt wmtn d ckw stdtmstmbs?

Pipugdtmie ms tnk list wmfkgy uskf ydrfstmbj cir lkdsurmea tnk smzk ic stdtks, hut

tnkrk drk hma fmcckrkebks? Bnmed nds ivkr d tniusdef lmggmie mendhmtdets, wnmgkVuvdgu iegy nds kgkvke tnisdef.

Ds cir tnk trkef ivkr tmlk? me 4=00 tnkrk wkrk cmcty stdtks me tnk wirgf, me 4=6;tnkrk wkrk 16, def tifdy tnkrk drk dglist twi nuefrkf. Me tnk spdbk ic d bketurytnk eulhkr nds qudfrupgkf.

Iegy ciur ic tnk tke rmbnkst stdtks me tkrls ic tnkmr ariss pkr bdpmtd filkstmbprifubt me 8002 ndf lirk tnde d lmggmie mendhmtdets, def ds lkdsurkf ie tnkNulde Fkvkgipket Mefkx tnrkk ndvk pipugdtmies ic uefkr kmant lmggmie(Rwmtzkrgdef, Eirwdy def Rmeadpirk).

Me 4==;, >1 biuetrmks ndf ckwkr tnde cmvk lmggmie mendhmtdets, def ;> ndf ckwkrtnde twi def d ndgc lmggmie.

Hksmfks hkmea tnk tmtgk ic Nihhks cdlius hiij ic pigmtmbdg tnkiry, tnk Gkvmdtnde ms dHmhgmbdg hkdst, de dutnirmtdrmde kdtkr ic siugs. Dppgmkf ti tnk kbieily, mt rkckrs ti tnkmebilk ldxmldgmst, wni ldy hk ic ldey typks. Vnriuaniut nmstiry tnkrk nds hkke dprkvdgkebk ivkr tnk fklibrdts ic wndt wk ldy bdgg tnk gkvmdtndemsts, wni cdviurniliakemsdtmie, def prkckr tnk ldoirmty vitk ivkr kqumgmhrmul, tniuan tndt ms eit dgwdyskbieilmbdggy kccmbmket. Mt ms d jeiwe cdbt tndt tnkrk drk biuetrmks tndt ndvk dbnmkvkf rdpmfkbieilmb ariwtn kvke uefkr d fmbtdtirsnmp.

Mt ms dgsi wirtn lketmiemea tndt ie ibbdsmies tnk uewmkgfy smzk ic mlpkrmdgmst

fmbtdtirsnmps nds rksugtkf me tnkmr fiwecdgg, ds me tnk bdsk ic tnk Ittildes.Fklibrdtmzdtmie gkdfs ti d prigmckrdtmie ic stdtks def, me bieskqukebk, ti sldggkr smzk. Ricdr me tnk twkety-cmrst bketury ciur ekw stdtks ndvk bilk me ti hkmea Kdst Vmlir me 8008,Lietkekari me 8003, Jisivi me 800> def Riutn Rufde me 8044 hut tnkrk drk lirk ietnk wdmtmea gmst mebgufmea Pdgkstmek, Rdndrd def Jurfmstde, ti lketmie hut d ckw ic tnk hkstjeiwe. Vnkrk ms d ekkf cir suprdedtmiedg mestmtutmies, def tnksk drk ictke amvke gmlmts (subnds tnk metkredtmiedg biurt ir bietrig ic piggutmie, rkgdtkf ti bgmldtk bndeak, bc. tnk JyitiDbbirf).

Mc wk giij hdbj ti nmstiry, tnk biebkpt ic tnk bmty-stdtk ir pigms (wnkebk tnk wirfpigmtmbs) kvigvkf me Debmket Arkkbk. Vnkrk wkrk kvke wkdgtny bmty-stdtks me lkfmkvdgKuripk subn ds Skembk ir Dlstkrfdl wmtn d pipugdtmie ic oust d nuefrkf tniusdef ir twi.

Vnk hma Gkvmdtndes ic smxtkketn-bketury dhsigutmsl wie tnk fdy, def tnms ndf d git ti fiwmtn tnk nman bist ic wdr def tdx-biggkbtmea bdpdbmty, ds me tnk bdsk ic Crdebk. Ds Vmggy putsmt, stdtks drk humgt hy tnk tkbneigiay ic wdr. ]kt me Crdebks bdsk, kxbkssmvk kxpdesmie nurttnk kbieily: eir wds Crdebk tnk iegy klpmrk ti succkr cril tnms prihgkl.

Vnk gdtk kmantkketn bketury sdw tnk hmrtn ic tnk edtmie-stdtk me skdrbn ic gdrak,niliakekius ldrjkts. Vnk Akrlde _iggvkrkmeir Bustils [emie ic 4>26 ms iek ic tnkhkst jeiwe kxdlpgks. Rtdtks gmjk Hkgamul ir Pirtuadg wkrk d hmt ie tnk sldgg smfk lkdemea tndt tnkmr ldrjkts wkrk tii sldgg, ds kxpgdmekf hy Adremkr-Pdas FmbtmieedmrkPigmtquk ic 4>62. Rmlmgdr mssuks surcdbk wnke wk fkgvk meti tnk rkdsies hknmef tnkDlkrmbde Bmvmg Qdr.

Ekxt bdlk tnk pritkbtmiemst bigiemdg klpmrks, subn ds Mefmd, uetmg Bnurbnmggs stdtklketscdviurmea Mefmde mefkpkefkebk hut eit uetmg tnk wirgf wdr wds ivkr. Ie d tnkirktmbdg


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gkvkg Gkemes ihskrvdtmies ie dutieily me tnk [RRX wkrk dgsi metkrkstmea, me deitnkrpkrmif. Vnke dctkr 4=6; bdlk fkbigiemsdtmie, wnmbn hriuant ti gmant tnk prihgkls meDcrmbd? tii ldey biuetrmks, def tii lubn nktkriakekmty me tnkl.

Me vmkw ic tnk cmaurks cir tnk pkrmif 4=18-8004 puhgmsnkf hy tnk [R gihhy Crkkfil

Niusk, tnk biebgusmie tndt ms rkdbnkf ms tndt tnk lirk stdtks tnkrk drk, tnk lirkfklibrdtmb tnk wirgf hkbilks, wmtniut kvke biuetmea fkbketrdgmsdtmie pribkssks me ldeystdtks subn ds Rpdme, Mtdgy def tnk [emtkf Jmeafil.

Vnk pdrdfix ic tnk Kuripkde [emie ms mts gdbj ic fklibrdby, hkmea, ds Ekwniusk sdys,hitn tii gdrak def tii sldgg dt tnk sdlk tmlk. Bigilkr (8003) darkks? Kuripkde-typkstdtks drk tii sldgg cir metkredtmiedg mssuks, subn ds skburmty, billkrbk defbilluembdtmies: def cir fklibrdtmb dutieily tnky drk tii hma. Def tnk ckfkrdg stdtksdliea tnkl drk lirk fklibrdtmb tnde tnk bketrdgmskf ieks hkbdusk tnky fmccusk kekray.Curtnkrlirk tnkmr vdrymea smzks (wmtn d giea gmst ic bdefmfdtks cir lklhkrsnmp) ldjk tnklmebilpdtmhgk wmtn bketrdgmsdtmie.

Pissmhgy Hkgamul, iek ic tnk ciuefkrs ic tnk Kuripkde [emie, pkrsiemcmks mts hmaakstpdrdfix. Nkrk ms d stdtk tndt nds hrijke dgg rkbirfs cir aimea wmtniut d aivkrelket, def mtms fmvmfkf meti twi edtmies, tnk Crkebn-spkdjmea Qdggies def Futbn-spkdjmea Cgdefkrs. Mtnds hkbilk Kuripkde edtmiedgmsls gdhirdtiry, prksketmea d skrmius rmsj ic hrmeamea dhiutbndeaks me tnk uemies metkredg hirfkrs.

Me tnk ipmemies ic Frzk def itnkrs, Bdtdgiemd def Rbitgdef (ekmtnkr ic wnmbn pkrbkmvkdey kbieilmb dfvdetdak dt prksket me tnkmr lklhkrsnmp me tnkmr rkspkbtmvk klpmrks) biugffi wirsk tnde ti biestmtutk d bieckfkrdtmie ic Kuripkde rkamies ds mefkpkefketrkamies, si ti spkdj, dgiea gmeks suaakstkf hy Jrutwma def Inldk, ds wk sndgg skk gdtkr.Def cmedggy, tnk fmsputk hktwkke Okcckrsie def Ndlmgtie dt tnk hmrtn ic tnk [emtkf Rtdtks icDlkrmbd dppkdrs ti ndvk hkke rkvmvkf? tnk bist ic sldggekss ms hkmea lmemlmskf, pigmtmbdggy,

tnriuan kbieilmb metkardtmie.

Vdhgk 4 prkskets d pmbturk me eulhkrs ic tnk ridf ti mefkpkefkebk driuef tnk wirgf.

Vdhgk 4. Qirgf pipugdtmie def eulhkr ic mefkpkefket stdtks (4>14Vdhgk 4. Qirgf pipugdtmie def eulhkr ic mefkpkefket stdtks (4>14Vdhgk 4. Qirgf pipugdtmie def eulhkr ic mefkpkefket stdtks (4>14Vdhgk 4. Qirgf pipugdtmie def eulhkr ic mefkpkefket stdtks (4>14----8044)8044)8044)8044)

]kdr Qirgf pipugdtmie me lmggmies Eulhkr ic stdtks Dvkrdak mendhmtdets pkr stdtkme lmggmies

4>14 4.643 36 88.44=46 4.>;6 ;= 24.64=80 4.=63 3= 8>.84=63 8.600 16 28.64=;0 8.61> >= 81.>4==; ;.6;1 4=8 8>.68044 3.>>4 4=3 2;.4

8.8.8.8. ME RKDXBN IC VNK MFKDG RM_KME RKDXBN IC VNK MFKDG RM_KME RKDXBN IC VNK MFKDG RM_KME RKDXBN IC VNK MFKDG RM_K

Vnk lkdemea ic tnk wirfs edtmie, stdtk, biuetry def si ie ndvk hkke fkcmekf me ldeywdys, rdeamea cril Ldx Qkhkrs lieipigy ie tnk gkamtmldtk usk ic vmigkebk ti QmggmdlMeaks sibmkty uemtkf hy d fkgusmie dhiut mts debkstry def hy d billie ndtrkf ic mtsekmanhiurs. Me prdbtmbk, tnk brmtkrmie wk usk ms tndt ic dutieilius strubturk. Mt wiugf hkuerkdsiedhgk ti kxpkbt tnkl dgg ti hk tnk sdlk smzk, hut gkt us pkrcirl tnk kxkrbmsk icdttklptmea ti fktkrlmek wndt tnk hkst smzk lmant hk. Vnkrk drk eit ldey tnkirktmbdg

prkbkfkets, hut wk fi cmef d biupgk me Bgdssmbdg Arkkbk. Iek bilks cril Pgdti, wni sdysme tnk Gdwstndt d stdtks cdlmgmks sniugf hk succmbmket me eulhkr ti fkckef tnklskgvks (d


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eulhkr wnmbn nk skt dt ;,060). Drmstitgk, ie tnk itnkr ndef, draukf cir tnk kvmfkebk ickxpkrmkebk. Cril tnkrk wk bilk ti tnk pkrmif prkbkfmea tnk Crkebn Xkvigutmie defLietksqumku, wni klpndsmsks tnk ekkf cir prixmlmty ti bmtmzkes, bc. tnk fmsputk me tnk[emtkf Rtdtks ic Dlkrmbd hktwkke Ldfmsie def tnk detm-ckfkrdgmsts.

Lirk rkbketgy def bgiskr ti nilk, Ckfkrmji Jrutwma, wrmtmea uefkr tnk pke-edlkCkredefi Rdrrdmgn fk Mndrtzd me 4=30, sdmf tndt tnk kbieilmb wkgg-hkmea ic pkipgks msriitkf me de demlmb smtudtmie: mt ms psybnigiambdg. Nkebk crkkfil ms ti hk uekrstiif ds dekbieilmb cdbtir. Nk pgdbkf tnk mfkdg me tnk vmbmemty ic ciur ir cmvk lmggmie mendhmtdets,wmtniut tkggmea us niw nk drrmvkf dt tndt eulhkr, hut me tnk smxtmks Rbdefmedvmde sibmdgfklibrdby wds me cdsnmie def tnk smzk ic tnkmr biuetrmks, def tnk dvkrdak smzk ic stdtks metnk [RD def Akrldey, humgt ds dssibmdtmvk ckfkrdtmies, wds me tnk rkamie cmvk ir smx lmggmie.

Jrutwmas Akrlde bietklpirdry K.C. Rbnuldbnkr dgsi writk dhiut smzk me 4=12. Nmssuaakstmvk mfkds ldy hk sullkf up ds ciggiws? Akrlde uemty, ti wirj, gkct iut Rwmtzkrgdefdef Dustrmd: sldgg stdtks drk crkk def rmbn, wnkrkds gdrak ieks drk rkamlketkf def piir:tnk mfkdg smzk cir d bmty ms ;00,000 mendhmtdets, gdrakr smzks gkdfmea ti sibmdg kxbgusmie: sibmdg

brkdtmvmty mebrkdsks me sldgg ariups: hdgdebkf rkamiedg fkvkgiplket ms fksmrdhgk, wmtekssRwmtzkrgdefs pgurdgmstmb systkl ic twkety bdeties: tnk hmaakr tnk stdtk, tnk lirkfkbketrdgmskf mt ekkfs ti hk: tnkrk ms ei mfkdg smzk, hut sldgg ms pissmhgk, def usudggyhkttkr.

Me iur iwe tmlk, tnk Odpdeksk Inldk (4==;) sdys ic tnk hrdef fkvkgiplket?

Vnk ldrjkt ekkfs tnkrk ti hk hktwkke cmvk def twkety lmggmie mendhmtdets, sldggkeiuan cir biesulkrs ti ndvk sndrkf prixmlmty, hut gdrak keiuan ti dggiwkbieilmks ic sbdgk me skrvmbks.

Lirk rkbketgy Inldk (800;) writk tnk ciggiwmea ic rkamiedg stdtks?

Rilk igf-stygk edtmie stdtks drk gubjy def drk sldgg keiuan ti hk dhgk ti cuebtmieds rkamiedg stdtks? Mrkgdef, Cmegdef, Fkeldrj, Rwkfke, Eirwdy def Rmeadpirk.

Pipugdtmie smzk ms mlpirtdet hut eit fkbmsmvk. Mt ms d cgkxmhgk vdrmdhgk. Me ldey wdys,smzk ms d lketdg stdtk. De metkredg ldrjkt ic d lmggmie ms fksmrdhgk def tnk uppkrgmlmt ms gibdtkf dt tke lmggmie mendhmtdets dt tnk list.

Iebk d rkamie skts mtskgc ie tnk pdtn ti fkvkgiplket, tnms ldy driusk kevy me tnkbketrk ir me itnkr rkamies wnmbn ldy ldemckst mtskgc me ldgmbmius dttklpts tisdhitdak mts subbkss me tnk cdgsk aumsk ic d hkemae pigmby ic kqudgmty def edtmiedgsigmfdrmty.

Cmedggy, de memtmdg dedgysms hy Dgksmed & Rpigdirk (8002) ic tnk irademsdtmie defcrdalketdtmie ic stdtks tmtgkf Vnk smzk ic edtmies(lmlmbjmea tnk bgdssmb Qkdgtn ic edtmieshy tnk cdtnkr ic kbieilmbs, tnk Rbit Dfdl Rlmtn), tdjks mt ds d hdsmb prmebmpgk tndt tnkrk msd trdfk-icc hktwkke tnk hkekcmts ic smzk def tnk bists ic nktkriakekmty. Vnk stdtk ms skke dspimskf hktwkke aiif def hdf ldedaklket, me tnk ldeekr ic d amdet bilpdey. Mc wk giijwmtnme tnk stdtk, mt ms tnk aidg ic dey stdtk ti dbnmkvk tnk arkdtkst pissmhgk wkgg-hkmea:wnkrkvkr tnkrk ms d hkgmkc me sibmdg oustmbk, tnms sniugf hk ds sprkdf iut ds pissmhgk dlieamts bmtmzkes, cir pigmbmks ic rkfmstrmhutmie dgsi ndvk d hkdrmea ie tnk gkvkg ic fkvkgiplket.Vnk irademsdtmie ic d stdtk ms typmbdggy d pyrdlmf si tndt tnk bists ic puhgmb wkgcdrk (subn dsnkdgtn skrvmbks, kfubdtmie def si ie) bde hk sndrkf iut hkttkr def jkpt bnkdpkr ds drksugt: mt ms de kbieily ic sbdgk.


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Niwkvkr, tnk hkekcmts ic smzk lust hk wkmankf up dadmest vdrmius fmlkesmies icnktkriakekmty?

Akiardpnmbdg. Ldey stdtks tnriuaniut nmstiry ndvk ndf ti dfipt d bketrdgmstsigutmie ti bilpkesdtk cir fmstdebks, k.a. Pitildb (tnk cmrst bdpmtdg ic tnk [emtkf

Rtdtks), Bdehkrrd ir Hrdsgmd. Ie tnk itnkr ndef, eie-fklibrdtmb stdtks subn dsCrdebk def Xussmd tkefkf ti ipt cir gdrakr bdpmtdg bmtmks (subn ds Pdrms defLisbiw, rkspkbtmvkgy).

Bugturdg. Lugtmgmeaudgmsl bde, fkpkefmea ie tnk smtudtmie, ture iut ti hk kmtnkrhkekcmbmdg ir de mlpkfmlket: biesmfkr tnk kxdlpgk ic Hkgamul.

Mebilk-rkgdtkf. Mtdgy def Higmvmd drk kxdlpgks ic stdtks mggustrdtmea tnkbieskqukebks ic d prieiuebkf mlhdgdebk hktwkke rkamies.

Mfkigiambdg. Gmejkf ti pigmtmbdg prmirmtmks, wnktnkr gkct- ir rmant-gkdemea.

Vnkrk drk ictke nmffke trdesdbtmie bists hktwkke gdrakr def sldggkr drkds. Fkvigutmiends tdjke pgdbk crkquketgy, ti tnk pimet ic hkbilmea cdsnmiedhgk, ds d ndgcwdy niuskhktwkke fmbtdtirsnmp def fklibrdby. De kxdlpgk ms primfkf hy Mrdq wmtn mts ktnemb ariups,pdrtmbugdrgy tnk Jurfs: def ic biursk hy trdesmtmiedg kbieilmks subn ds tnk [RRX def Bnmed.Vnk bietkxt ldy dgsi hk d biefmtmiemea cdbtir? ckfkrdgmsl me Dlkrmbd def me Kuripk tdjksfmcckrket cirls, tnk cmrst hkmea dssibmdtmvk, tnk skbief fmssibmdtmvk. Prmirmtmks cir prixmlmtyldy dgsi rksugt me cmsbdg fmskqumgmhrmd? Pdemzzd nds pkrcirlkf d birrkgdtmie dedgysms hktwkkecmsbdg fkvigutmie def fklibrdby.

2.2.2.2. VNK DFSDEVDAKR IC RLDGG RVDVKR? VNKIX] DEF PXDBVMBK.VNK DFSDEVDAKR IC RLDGG RVDVKR? VNKIX] DEF PXDBVMBK.VNK DFSDEVDAKR IC RLDGG RVDVKR? VNKIX] DEF PXDBVMBK.VNK DFSDEVDAKR IC RLDGG RVDVKR? VNKIX] DEF PXDBVMBK.

RRRRILK KBIEILMB MEFMBDVIXRILK KBIEILMB MEFMBDVIXRILK KBIEILMB MEFMBDVIXRILK KBIEILMB MEFMBDVIXR

2.4.2.4.2.4.2.4. Qndt msQndt msQndt msQndt ms d sldgg stdtkd sldgg stdtkd sldgg stdtkd sldgg stdtk9999

Mt ms ic biursk fkhdtdhgk niw ti fkcmek sldggstdtk, hut riuangy spkdjmea wk ldy aihy pipugdtmie smzk ds usudg def ds me tnk cmrst pdrt ic tnms bndptkr: me d wirgfwmfkpkrspkbtmvk, wmtn silk riuefmea icc wk ldy sdy tndt d sldgg stdtk ms iek wmtn ckwkr tndetnmrty lmggmie mendhmtdets (skk Vdhgk 4 hut me tnk bietkxt ic tnk Kuripkde [emie (me wnmbntnkrk drk eiw ;00 lmggmie mendhmtdets me 81 biuetrmks, wnmbn amvks de dvkrdak pipugdtmie ic4>.; lmggmie), wk biugf dfipt d tnrkk-wdy fmstmebtmie ds ciggiws?

Rldggstdtks, wmtn d pipugdtmie ic gkss tnde smx lmggmie, mebgufk kgkvke stdtks me tnk K[,edlkgy Fkeldrj, Rgivdjmd, Cmegdef, Mrkgdef, Gmtnudemd, Gdtvmd, Rgivkemd, Kstiemd,Byprus, Guxklhiura def Ldgtd. Vdjke tiaktnkr tnksk ldjk up ;% ic tnk [emiespipugdtmie. Vnk gdst smx lketmiekf drk stdtks wmtn pipugdtmies sldggkr tnde tndt icKusjdg Nkrrmd, ic wnmbn tnkrk drk dhiut smxty wirgfwmfk.

Lkfmul-smzkf stdtks ic hktwkke kmant def twkety-twi lmggmie mendhmtdets kdbn:tnkrk drk tke ic tnksk me tnk K[? Xildemd, Ektnkrgdefs, Arkkbk, Pirtuadg, Hkgamul,Bzkbn Xkpuhgmb, Nueadry, Rwkfke, Dustrmd def Hugadrmd. Vnky dbiuet cir 8;% ic tnkpipugdtmie ic tnk K[.

Gdrak stdtks wmtn ivkr cirty lmggmie mendhmtdets, ic wnmbn tnkrk drk smx me tnk K[?Akrldey, Crdebk, tnk [emtkf Jmeafil, Mtdgy, Rpdme def Pigdef. Oimetgy tnky ldjk up10% ic tnk K[s pipugdtmie.


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2.82.82.82.8 Vnkirktmbdg ciuefdtmiesVnkirktmbdg ciuefdtmiesVnkirktmbdg ciuefdtmiesVnkirktmbdg ciuefdtmies

Hut wndt drk tnk dfvdetdaks, cril iur pimet ic vmkw, ic hkmea d sldgg stdtk9 Me eirldgkbieilmb bmrbulstdebks, d riuan gmst lmant mebgufk tnk ciggiwmea pismtmvk pimets?

4. Metkredg binksmie. Lirk niliakekius sibmktmks tndt drk lirk tniriuangyciuefkf ie kqudgmty def lirk fkkpgy riitkf me tnk vdguks ic sigmfdrmty tkef ti hk lirkaivkredhgk def, bieskquketgy, bdpdhgk ic rkspiefmea ti bndggkeaks wmtn arkdtkr uemty. Mt mstniuant ti nkgp ti ndvk billie metkrksts biebkremea bnmgfrkes kfubdtmie: ie dvkrdaktnky tkef ti stdy dt sbniig gieakr tnde me gdrak stdtks. Gdtkr wk wmgg stufy tnk bdsk icMbkgdef. Biggkbtmvk dbtmie ms sdmf ti hk gkss kcckbtmvk me gdrak stdtks.

8. Ipkeekss ic ldrjkts. Vnk sldgg smzk ic tnk metkredg ldrjkt mekvmtdhgy kebiurdaksmetkredtmiedgmsdtmie. Vnk lirk ipke kbieilmks drk, tnk hridfkr tnk ippirtuemtmks cir sldggstdtks (ipkeekss ms bdgbugdtkf hy tnk rdtmi ic mlpirts + kxpirts / ariss filkstmb prifubt).Dbbirfmea ti O. Fueemea (8004), me 4==; tnk rdtmi cir sldgg stdtks wmtn uefkr tke lmggmiemendhmtdets wds 444%, wmtn dgg tnk hkekcmts ic tnms, wnmgk cir lkfmul def gdrak ieks mt wds

iegy 38%. Prmbk & Gkvmeakr (8044) cmef tndt Kuripkde stdtks wmtn uefkr cmctkke lmggmiemendhmtdets arkw hy ;0% me kxpirts pkr bdpmtd hktwkke 8000 def 800>, gdrak stdtks iegy hy2;%. D ckw tniuants dhiut tnk ipkeekss def metkardtmie ic kbieilmks drk me irfkr. Mt mskstmldtkf tndt hirfkrs rkfubk billkrbk hy 20%. Qkgg-hkmea mtskgc ms d bieskqukebk icmetkardtmie wmtn itnkrs. Me pkrmifs ic skgc-succmbmkeby, ldrjkt smzk def tnk smzk ic tnk stdtkdrk biecuskf: cril nkrk wk ndvk livkf ti agihdgmsdtmie. Vnk kxpirtmea edtmiedgmsl icOdpde def Akrldey, fkckdtkf me tnk Qirgf Qdrs, ms sullkf up me tnk wirfs ic Jkyeks,eiw rkvmvkf me tnms krd ic lkgtfiwe, ti tnk kcckbt tndt lke prkckr biggkbtmvk demlismtmks timefmvmfudg ndppmekss. Rldgg stdtks dgsi ndvk d lirk pripirtmiedggy rkprksketdtmvk kgkbtirdgsystkl, def me akekrdg tnkmr puhgmb dflmemstrdtmies drk gdrakr tnde tnisk ic gdrak stdtks,wnmbn hrmeas stdhmgmty. Arkdt Hrmtdme def Rbitgdef mggustrdtk tnms. Bietrdry ti wndtcuebtmiedgmst tnkirmks bgdml, kbieilmb metkardtmie def pigmtmbdg fmsmetkardtmie ai ndef me

ndef. Cir kxdlpgk?

Tukhkb def EDCVD? Vnk Eirtn Dlkrmbde Crkk Vrdfk Darkklket wnmbn tnk [RD defBdedfd smaekf me 4=>= (wmtn Lkxmbi hkbilmea d lklhkr tnrkk ykdrs gdtkr)bietrmhutkf ti de mebrkdsk me tnk pri-mefkpkefkebk vitk me Tukhkbs skbiefrkckrkeful, wnmbn iegy lmsskf hkmea dpprivkf hy ;6,000 vitks.

Cgubtudtmea gibdg hiuefdrmks me tnk [RD. Hkgiw tnk gkvkg ic tnk biuety tnkrk drkluembmpdgmtmks, spkbmdg fmstrmbts def sbniig fmstrmbtswnmbn drk kdsmgy dgtkrkf. Nmstirmbdggytnk qukst cir niliakekmty fdtks hdbj ti pnkeilked subn ds tnk Arkdt Lmardtmie.

Rtdtmstmbdg birrkgdtmie dedgysks drk pismtmvk me tnk bdsk ic sldgg stdtks, wnmbn adme lirkwnke tnky ipke up, def ekadtmvk me tnk gdrakst stdtks,wnmbn drk gkss ipke.

Vnk kbieilmb wkdjekss ic pigmtmbdg metkardtmie? ic 428 nypitnktmbdg stdtk cusmies, iegyskvketkke wiugf hk hkekcmbmdg cir hitn smfks.

2. Bilpktmtmvmty tnriuan spkbmdgmsdtmie?D prkfmbtmie ic Dfdl Rlmtns tnkiry skklsti hk biecmrlkf? wirjmea me spkbmcmb skbtirs wmtn bilpktmtmvk dfvdetdaks amvks dbilpktmtmvk kfak metkredtmiedggy. De kcckbtmvk strdtkay ldjks mt lirk fmccmbugt cir gdrakstdtks ti vmk cir embnk ldrjkts (Hkbjkr, 4==6), ds Hdsquks wkgg jeiw me tnk bdsk ic ldbnmektiigs, cir kxdlpgk.

6. Cgkxmhmgmty, wnmbn pkrlmts cdstkr dfdptdtmie me pkrmifs ic bietmeuius bndeak subnds tnk prksket. Hkbdusk sldgg stdtks drk lirk skesmtmvk ti brmsks irmamedtmea kgskwnkrk, tnkyndefgk strubturdg rkcirls hkttkr. Vnms nds hkke fmsbusskf hy Crkejkg (8040) me nms stufy ic

sldgg stdtks ds agihdg meeivdtirs, me sbmkebk def tkbneigiay ds wkgg. Dbbirfmea ti tnk MLCtnk wirgfs list bilpktmtmvk stdtk ms Rwmtzkrgdef.


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;. Gkss fkckebk spkefmea, kspkbmdggy me strdtkamb gibdtmies. Crdebk spkefs 8.6% ic mtsAFP ie fkckebk: Hkgamul iegy 4.6%: Guxklhiura d lkrk 0.>%. Deitnkr ihskrvdtmie nkrkbiebkremea tnk bieskqukebk ic biecgmbt ir pkdbk me tnk wirgf. Fkckebk spkefmea ldy hkdssmaekf d pgdbk me tnk irademsdtmiedg pyrdlmf rkckrrkf ti kdrgmkr? tnk gdrakr tnk stdtk, tnklirk mt wmgg kefkdviur ti dbnmkvk hkttkr fkckebk dt d giwkr prmbk. Mt ms eit tnke surprmsmea

tndt ckfkrdtmie-rkpuhgmbs subn ds Rwmtzkrgdef def tnk [RD klkrakf cril tnrkdts. Me tnkbdsk ic tnk gdttkr, fkckebk spkefmea rkprkskets 3% ic tnk AFP, def me tnk bdsk ic tnkKuripkde [emie 2%. Pdbmcmbdtmie gkdfs ti rkfubtmie me smzk, dgtniuan bndeaks me hirfkrs mslirk kxpkesmvk def prifubks gibdg biecgmbts, ds nds ndppkekf me tnk Rivmkt [emie, defdgsi me ]uaisgdvmd wnkrk mt ms bgkdr tndt bmvmg wdrs drk tnk rksugt ic arkdt nktkriakekmtmks.Metkredtmiedg suprdedtmiedg gkamsgdtmie ms ekkfkf ti ndefgk subn smtudtmies ic biecgmbt dstnksk.

3. D gdhirdtiry cir kxpkrmlketdtmie. Vnk prksket akekrdg brmsms bdggs cir brkdtmvktnmejmea. Dustrmd nds fkvkgipkf tnk mfkd ic d wirjkrs sdgdry audrdetkk cuef: Fkeldrj ndsbilk up wmtn d cgkxmhgk mesurdebk cuef me rkgdtmies wmtn bilpdemks, def tnk fmvmsmie icpricmts meti tnrkk pdrts (cir bdpmtdg admes, fmstrmhutmie dliea wirjkrs def rkmevkstlket). Cir

Hdsquks tnk gdttkr ms rklmemsbket ic iur biipkrdtmvk pnkeilkeie. D eulhkr ic sldggpigmtmbdg meeivdtmies biugf hk dffkf ti tnk gmst, subn ds mecgdtmie ihokbtmvks (Ekw _kdgdef,4==0), prmvdtk pkesmies (Bnmgk, 4==0), piggutmie tdxks (Rmeadpirk, 4=1;), cgdt tdxks (Kstiemd,4==6), def dhigmtmie ic bilpugsiry lmgmtdry skrvmbk (Bistd Xmbd, 4=6>).

1. Ariwtn. Cir tnk pdst tnmrty ykdrs sldgg smzk nds hkke gmejkf ti kbieilmb ariwtn meKuripk. Vnk ekw Crkebn sbniig ic aki-kbieilmsts (gkf hy O.P. Cmtiussm uefkr tnk dkams ictnk DEX), dctkr cmvk ykdrs ic rkskdrbn biebgufkf tndt sldgg-sbdgk gkdfkrs subn ds Cmegdef irMrkgdef ndvk ivkrtdjke gdrak kbieilmks subn ds Akrldey def Crdebk. Curtnkr kxdlpgks ictnms drk ti hk skke me tnk kdrgy fdys ic Kuripkde uemty? iek ic tnk ciuefkrs ic tnk KuripkdeBidg def Rtkkg Billuemty wds Guxklhiura! Akrldeys Rddrgdef fkbmfkf dadmestketkrmea tnk uemie ds d stdtk me 4=;;. Hut tmlk nds trkdtkf tnisk wni iptkf cir

mefkpkefkebk hkttkr tnde tnisk wni fkbmfkf ti rkldme ds d rkamie ic deitnkr stdtk.

2.2.2.2.2.2.2.2. Rubbksscug prdbtmbks ic tnk sldgg me tnk wirgRubbksscug prdbtmbks ic tnk sldgg me tnk wirgRubbksscug prdbtmbks ic tnk sldgg me tnk wirgRubbksscug prdbtmbks ic tnk sldgg me tnk wirgffff

Qk drk dgg cdlmgmdr wmtn tnk bgdssmbdg rdejmea ic biuetrmks me tkrls ic kbieilmb mefmbdtirsfdtmea cril tnk 4=20s, jeiwe ds pkr bdpmtd ariss filkstmb prifubt, ir AFP. Hdsmbdggy, tnmsms d lkdsurk ic tnk dliuet ic wkdgtn prifubkf me d ykdr fmvmfkf hy tnk eulhkr ic pkipgkme tnk biuetry biebkrekf. Dgtniuan tnk tnkirktmbdg dvkrdak ihtdmekf cril tnms stdtmstmbdgbdgbugdtmie ms vkry dpprixmldtk, mt nds crkquketgy hkke uskf ds d riuan aumfk, kvke tniuantnkrk drk ldey tnmeas mt cdmgs ti lkdsurk subn ds tnk mlpdbt ic piggutmie, cir kxdlpgk, irtnk vdguk ic niuskwirj. Me dey bdsk, tnk tip tke biuetrmks dbbirfmea ti tnk cmaurks cir 8040

drk Tdtdr, Guxklhiura, Rmeadpirk, Eirwdy, Hruekm, [RD, Niea Jiea, Rwmtzkrgdef,Ektnkrgdefs def Dustrdgmd. Vnk cmrst cmvk ic tnksk drk sldgg ir vkry sldgg stdtks. Hut gkt us hkbrmtmbdg. Eitmbk tndt tnrkk ic tnkl drk lmbri-stdtks, twi ic wnmbn, Tdtdr def Hruekm, drk img-rmbn biuetrmks wmtn d vkry uekvke fmstrmhutmie ic wkdgtn, ei fiuht, wnmgk itnkr stdtks gmstkf(Guxklhiura def Niea Jiea) drk eit qumtk rkdg hkbdusk tnky drk tdx ndvkes.

Vi dbnmkvk d lirk dbburdtk vmkw, me tnk 4=10s tnk Nulde Fkvkgiplket Mefkx (NFM)wds brkdtkf wnmbn tdjks meti dbbiuet lirk qudgmtdtmvk cdbtirs subn ds kfubdtmie, nkdgtnktb. Vnms mefkx ymkgfs d fmcckrket tip-tke gmst (nkrk amvke wmtn de mefmbdtmie me pdrketnksks ictnkmr prksket pipugdtmies)? Eirwdy (6.=), Dustrdgmd (88.;), Ekw _kdgdef (6.2), [RD (240.1),Mrkgdef (6.6), Gmkbntkestkme (0.02), Ektnkrgdefs (43.3), Bdedfd (26.2), Rwkfke (=.6) defAkrldey (>4.;). Vnkrk drk kmant sldgg stdtks ie tnms gmst def twi gdrak ckfkrdtmies? tnk [RD

wnmbn ms ldfk up ic cmcty stdtks wmtn de dvkrdak pipugdtmie ic 3.84 lmggmie kdbn, defAkrldey wnmbn biesmsts ic 43 Gefkrwmtn de dvkrdak ic ;.0= mendhmtdets kdbn. Bilpdrmea


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tnk twi gmsts, ciur stdtks drk ie hitn, iek ic wnmbn ms d sldgg stdtk (Eirwdy), twi lkfmul-smzkf (Dustrdgmd def tnk Ektnkrgdefs) def iek ms gdrak (tnk [RD).

Dt tnk prksket tmlk, tnk list rkgmdhgk mefkx ic hdgdebk me tnk fmstrmhutmie ic wkdgtn mstnk Amem bikccmbmket, tkbnembdggy d lkdsurk ic stdtmstmbdg fmspkrsmie (ie d sbdgk ic zkri ti iek:

tnk giwkr tnk sbirk tnk hkttkr). Mt nds rkbkmvkf brmtmbmsls cir eit tdjmea dhsigutk vdguks metidbbiuet (tnk sdlk bikccmbmket ms dssmaekf ti fmcckrket gkvkgs ic wkdgtn): mt cdmgs ti kxpgdmerkdsies ir ti tdjk dak pyrdlmfs meti dbbiuet: def mt cdviurs sldgg tkrrmtirmks, dssmaemeanmankr bikccmbmkets ti uemts wmtn gdrak drkds. Vnk gdst pimet ms fkhdtdhgk amvke Bdedfdssbirk? mt ms gdrakr tnde tnk [RD def Lkxmbi ykt uegmjk tnkl mts mefkx ms me tnk sdlk rdeak dsKuripkde biuetrmks (hktwkke 0.86 def 0.23), wnmgk tnkmrs drk ivkr 0.60. Vnms mefkx ms uskcugcir dedgysmea fmcckrkebks me wkgg-hkmea ds d hdsms cir bilpkesdtiry pigmbmks. Ribmigiambdgstufmks sniw tndt tnk lirk trdfk-uemie dbtmvmty tnkrk ms, tnk gdrakr tnk lmffgk bgdss, def tnkgdrakr tnk lmffgk bgdss tnk lirk fklibrdby tnkrk ms. Dbbirfmea ti tnk [emtkf Edtmiescmaurks cir 800>, tnk tip tke biuetrmks, wmtn tnkmr rdtmeas, drk Fkeldrj (86.1), Odpde (86.=),Rwkfke (8;), tnk Bzkbn Xkpuhgmb (8;.>), Eirwdy def Rgivdjmd (hitn 8;.>) Cmegdef defNueadry (83.=), Akrldey (8>.2), Rgivkemd (8>.6) def Dustrmd (8=.4). Odpde, wnmbn skkl ti hk

d pissmhgk kxbkptmie ti tnk pdttkre, ldy hk biesmfkrkf tnk wirgfs iegy bugturdggyniliakekius gdrak stdtk. Iegy tnrkk stdtks drk rkpkdtkf cril tnk prkvmius gmst, def tnkyibbupy tnk cmrst pismtmies, kxbkpt cir Fkeldrj.

Giijmea dt ueklpgiylket, wnmbn ms d ldoir biebkre cir wkstkre sibmktmks, amvksbilpdrdhgk rksugts. Dgtniuan tnkrk drk cgubtudtmies, tnk K[ stdtks wmtn tnk giwkstueklpgiylket mefmbks ds d pkrbketdak ic tnk dbtmvk pipugdtmie dbbirfmea ti 8040stdtmstmbs rdej ds ciggiws? Ektnkrgdefs (6.4%), Dustrmd (6.=%), Guxkehiura (;.6%), Rgivkemd(3.2%), Byprus (3.>%), Fkeldrj def Ldgtd (1.0). Rmx ic tnk smxtkke stdtks tndt cdgg hkgiw tnkdvkrdak ic =.1% cir tnk 81 lklhkr stdtks drk sldgg stdtks, wnmgk kmant ic tnkl drk lkfmulme smzk.

Rilk gkss wkgg-jeiwe kbieilmb mefmbdtirs biecmrl tnk subbksscug prdbtmbks ic sldggstdtks?

Vrdespdrkeby. Dbbirfmea ti Vrdespdrkeby Metkredtmiedgs pricmgk ic birruptmie me 41>biuetrmks (me tnkmr mefkx tnk bgiskr d biuetrys sbirk ms ti tke, tnk hkttkr), tnk tip-rdejmea stdtks drk Ekw _kdgdef, Rmeadpirk def Fkeldrj (=.2), Cmegdef def Rwkfke(=.8), Bdedfd (>.=), Ektnkrgdefs (>.>), Dustrdgmd (>.1), Niea Jiea (>.6). Vnk cmrst ciur ictnksk drk sldgg stdtks, tnk itnkrs gmstkf drk lkfmul-smzkf. Ds tnk kbieilmb nmstirmdeOikg Lijyr puts mt, birruptmie ms tnk wirst kekly ic fkvkgiplket.

Rigmfdrmty, lkdsurkf ds dmf cir fkvkgiplket ds d pkrbketdak ic kdbn stdtks AFP.Vnk stdtks tndt lkt tnk dbbirfkf rdtk ic 0.1% me 8040 drk Rwkfke, Eirwdy def

Guxklhiura (4%), Fkeldrj def Ektnkrgdefs (0.>%), Hkgamul def Cmegdef (0.1%).Vnus wk skk tndt sldgg def lkfmul-smzkf stdtks sniw lirk sigmfdrmty tnde tnk gdrakieks.

Qk biugf ai ie, dffmea me itnkr vdrmdhgks subn ds cgkxmhmgmty, sigvkeby, bilpktmtmvmty,meeivdtmie ktb. Gdtkr wk wmgg fmsbuss deitnkr mefkx eiw me viauk, ariss edtmiedg ndppmekss(AEN). Def amvke tnkmr rkbket prkskebk me tnk ekws, pkrndps wk sniugf eitk tndt rdtmeadakebmks iwe bgdssmcmbdtmies pimet me tnk sdlk fmrkbtmie? tnk snirt gmst ic biuetrmks wmtn tnknmankst pissmhgk kbieilmb sbirk, trmpgk-D, ms ds ciggiws dbbirfmea ti Rtdefdrf def Piirs,tnk ldrjkt gkdfkr?

Vdx ndvkes? Msgk ic Lde, Aukresky def Gmkbntkestkme (dgg tnrkk ic wnmbn drk vkry

sldgg, ihvmiusgy).


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Lklhkrs ic tnk kuriziek? Dustrmd, Cmegdef, Crdebk, Akrldey, Guxklhiura deftnk Ektnkrgdefs. Ciur ic tnk smx drk sldgg ti lkfmul me smzk.

Lklhkrs ic tnk K[ hut eit me tnk kuriziek? Rwkfke, [emtkf Jmeafil, Fkeldrj,Eirwdy. Vnrkk ic tnk ciur drk sldgg ir lkfmul.

Itnkrs? Rwmtzkrgdef, Dustrdgmd, Bdedfd, Niea Jiea, Ekw _kdgdef def Rmeadpirk.

Ei gdrak stdtks me tnms bdtkairy.

Dgtniuan eit tnk list mlpirtdet iek, gkt us tdjk tnk ciurtkke stdtks me tnms gdstbgdssmcmbdtmie, hkgmkvkf ti hk tnk list sigvket, wnmbn dgsi cmaurk me tnk prkvmius gmsts def skttnkl iut me irfkr, ds d riuan sulldry ic sirts ic lifkg stdtks.

8. tdugd. Dfmkrdzgk kjieilmjike nurrkejkr8. tdugd. Dfmkrdzgk kjieilmjike nurrkejkr8. tdugd. Dfmkrdzgk kjieilmjike nurrkejkr8. tdugd. Dfmkrdzgk kjieilmjike nurrkejkrke gdhurpked (800>ke gdhurpked (800>ke gdhurpked (800>ke gdhurpked (800>----8044).8044).8044).8044).

BiuetryBiuetryBiuetryBiuetry AFPAFPAFPAFP NFMNFMNFMNFM AmemAmemAmemAmem [eklp.[eklp.[eklp.[eklp. Vrdesp.Vrdesp.Vrdesp.Vrdesp. Rigmf.Rigmf.Rigmf.Rigmf. AENAENAENAEN Pipugdtmie (l)Pipugdtmie (l)Pipugdtmie (l)Pipugdtmie (l)

Guxklhiura 8 2 4 0.;

Rmeadpirk 2 4 6.3

Eirwdy 6 4 ; 4 6.=

Niea Jiea 1 = 1

Rwmtzkrgdef > 8 1.>

Ektnkrgdefs = 1 4 1 43.3

Dustrdgmd 40 8 > 6 88.;

Ekw _kdgdef 2 4 6.2

Gmkbntkesntkme 3 0.02

Bdedfd > 3 40 26.2

Rwkfke = 8 3 6 4 1 =.6

Fkeldrj 4 4 6 4 ;.;

Dustrmd 8 2 >.2

Cmegdef 6 3 3 ;.2

Vnkirktmbdggy, tnke, wk lmant bdgbugdtk tndt tnk mfkdg pipugdtmie smzk ms gkss tnde tkelmggmie? =.2 lmggmie ti hk prkbmsk. Vnms ms de metkrkstmea hkebnldrj ti tdjk meti biesmfkrdtmiewnke bilpdrmea biuetrmks.

2.6.2.6.2.6.2.6. Bieskqukebks ic tnk brmsmsBieskqukebks ic tnk brmsmsBieskqukebks ic tnk brmsmsBieskqukebks ic tnk brmsms???? upfdtmea tnkupfdtmea tnkupfdtmea tnkupfdtmea tnk lktrmbslktrmbslktrmbslktrmbs

Mc tnk hurstmea ic tnk wirgf pripkrty huhhgk me 800> def tnk kesumea kbieilmb brmsmsndvk tduant us deytnmea, mt ms ti fmstmeaumsn hktwkke tnk wirgf ic cmedebk def tnk tdeamhgkwirgf ic tnk rkdg kbieily. Ri, nmt hy tnk mggs ic agihdgmsdtmie, tnk mlpirtdebk ic qudgmtdtmvk

cdbtirs nds hkaue ti dbqumrk mlpirtdebk? kbigiay, cir kxdlpgk, dsjs fmccmbugt qukstmiesdhiut ldey ic tnk kdrgmkr qudetmtdtmvk mefmbdtirs def darkks wmtn tnk tnkirmks ic fkariwtn(d wkgg-jeiwe kxdlpgk ic wnmbn ms amvke hy tnk sgiw ciiflivklket). Vnk pimet ms tndt tnkpgdekts gmlmtkf rksiurbks ekkf ti hk fkvkgipkf me d sustdmedhgk ldeekr. Vnk Crkebnsbnigdrs Gdtiubnk & Ndrpdas (8040) fkcmek tnk hmi- ir kbirkamie kmtnkr me d rurdg ir deurhde skttmea ds d binkrket spdtmdg ketmty gmejkf ti d akiardpnmbdg, sibmdg def nmstirmbdgrkdgmty. Vnky biesmfkr tndt tnk gdrakst smzk mt dflmts ms d lmggmie pkipgk.

Ic pdrtmbugdr metkrkst ms tnk brmtkrmie ic tnk kbigiambdg ciitprmet, tndt ms, niw ldeynkbtdrks drk ekkfkf pkr mendhmtdet (emek me tnk bdsk ic tnk [emtkf Rtdtks dbbirfmea ti 8003fdtd). Ir ti put mt deitnkr wdy, niw ldey pgdekts wiugf wk ekkf me irfkr ti ldmetdme iurprksket stdefdrf ic gmvmea ds biesulkrs9 Dgg bdgbugdtmies suaakst wk wiugf ekkf lirk

tnde iek, wnmbn ms eit pnysmbdggy ckdsmhgk. Vnms ms bgiskgy rkgdtkf ti tnk Ndppy Pgdekt mefkx,


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lkdsurkf me tkrls ic rkgdtmies wmtn edturk? surprmsmea tniuan mt ldy skkl, tnk gkdfkr ictnms mefkx ms Bistd Xmbd, d sldgg stdtk wmtn 6.3 lmggmie mendhmtdets.

Hut wmtniut d fiuht, tnk list cdsnmiedhgk mefkx me rkbket ykdrs, wnmbn ms hkmea tdgjkfdhiut kvkrywnkrk, ms tnk ariss edtmiedg ndppmekss mefkx ir AEN. Vnms mfkd wds stdrtkf hy

tnk lmbri-stdtk ic Hnutde me tnk 4=10s. Fkcymea wkstkre ldtkrmdgmsl, tnk Hnutdekskliedrbny pripiskf ti lkdsurk ndppmekss me spkbmdg biefmtmies, uefkr Huffnmst mecgukebkdef me d nmtnkrti rdtnkr bgiskf sibmkty? tkgkvmsmie iegy rkdbnkf tnk biuetry me 4===. Vnkyndf ciur hdsmb prmebmpgks? sustdmedhgk fkvkgiplket, pritkbtmie def prilitmie ic bugturdgvdguks, bdrk cir tnk kevmrielket def aiif aivkrelket. L. Pkeeibj def itnkr Bdedfmdekxpkrts trmkf ti dfdpt tnk sdlk mfkd ti wkstkre bugturk. Xkbketgy hitn tnk [emtkf Jmeafildef Crdebk dsjkf tnk Eihkg kbieilmbs prmzk-wmeekr O. Rtmagmtzk ti privmfk dssksslket tistdrt lkdsurmea AEN tnriuan survkys me tnkmr edtmiedg stdtmstmbs mestmtutmies. Vnus wk wmgghkame lkdsurmea prmbkgkss dsskts subn ds mebilk fmstrmhutmie, qudgmty ic kfubdtmie,gkmsurk, bugturk, niuskwirj, menkrmtdebk hmifmvkrsmty def pkdbkcug bikxmstkebk, defmefmvmfudgs dhmgmty ti ndvk d sdy me gibdg def edtmiedg pigmtmbdg mssuks? ir dhmgmty ti fkbmfk, dsmt hk bdggkf.

6.6.6.6. RILK LIFKXE K[XIPKDE K^DLPGKRRILK LIFKXE K[XIPKDE K^DLPGKRRILK LIFKXE K[XIPKDE K^DLPGKRRILK LIFKXE K[XIPKDE K^DLPGKR

6.4.6.4.6.4.6.4. MbkgdefMbkgdefMbkgdefMbkgdefMc iek kxdlpgk ms wirtny ic iur dttketmie, tndt kxdlpgk ms pkrndps Mbkgdef. Bgdmlkf ti

hk tnk ndppmkst biuetry me tnk wirgf me sprmea, 800>, Mbkgdef nkgf cmrst pgdbk me tnk nuldefkvkgiplket mefkx dbbirfmea ti qudgmtdtmvk brmtkrmd. Mt wds tnk prmlk kxdlpgk ic d stdtk icwkgg-hkmea, wmtn d aiif hdgdebk hktwkke wirj def cdlmgy. Hut tnke bdlk tnk dutulebrdsn ic tnk tnrkk gdrakst hdejs me wndt ndf hkke tnk ndppy msgdef ic tnk Eirtn Dtgdetmb,trmaakrkf hy tnk cmedebmdg kxbkssks ic tnk prmvdtk hdejs, pdrtmbugdrgy ivkrskds kxpdesmietnriuan Mbksdvk, wmtn tnk [J kvke dppgymea tnk detm-tkrrirmst gdw. Vnk dttklpt ti ture wndt

ndf hkke prmvdtk fkhts meti puhgmb ieks ic dgg tnk biuetrys bmtmzkes gkf ti wndt nds hkkebdggkf d fklibrdtmb rkvigutmie? tnk tnrkk ldme hdejs (Gdefshdejm, Jduptnmea def Agmtemr)wkrk edtmiedgmskf: tnk hdejkrs def pigmtmbmdes rkspiesmhgk wkrk drrkstkf, tdjke ti biurtdef bdggkf ti dbbiuet: tnkrk wds d bndeak ic aivkrelket: def twi rkckrkefuls wkrk nkgfie wnktnkr ir eit ti pdy tnk dbbululugdtkf cirkmae fkht (hitn wkrk rkokbtkf, hut tnkskbief hy d edrriwkr ldrame, wmtn tnk twi ldme brkfmtir biuetrmks, Ektnkrgdefs def tnk[J, puttmea ie prkssurk dctkr dppgmbdtmie ti oime tnk Kuripkde [emie): tnke bdlk tnkpdrtmbmpdtiry rkwrmtmea ic tnk biestmtutmie def d gkamsgdtmvk hmgg, tnk Mbkgdefmb Lifkre LkfmdMemtmdtmvk, wnmbn bdggs cir trdespdrket mevkstmadtmvk oiuredgmsl. Vnms biuetry ic driuef tnrkknuefrkf tniusdef mendhmtdets wmtn d sldgg kbieily hdskf ie cmsnmea (60%) defakitnkrldg kekray ndf hkke d qumkt hdbjwdtkr smebk mt wie mefkpkefkebk me 4=06. Mtsgkadg systkl, lifkggkf ie Fkeldrjs, ndf uefkraiek gmttgk bndeak smebk 4=6;: tnk pkipgk

ndf trdfmtmiedggy giea hkgmkvkf me edturdg fklibrdby. Mt hidstkf tnk igfkst pdrgmdlket metnk wirgf, ekstgkf dliea mts nmggs? tnk =20-ykdr-igf Dgtnmea, uetmg mts mebirpirdtmie metiEirwdy me 4838. Ri wndt ndf aiek wriea9 Dbbirfmea ti Aygcdsie (8040), ldey gkssiesldy hk gkdret hut iek me pdrtmbugdr? tnk ekkf cir bnkbjs def hdgdebks. Mbkgdef ms skgc-aivkremea, eitwmtnstdefmea dmf amvke hy tnk MLC def Rbdefmedvmde biuetrmks. Vnkrkcirk,uegmjk Arkkbk, Mrkgdef def Pirtuadg tnk itnkr sldgg Kuripkde biuetrmks tndt ndvk ndf tidbbkpt hdmgiuts Mbkgdef rkldmes me d pismtmie ti ldjk mts iwe fkbmsmies wmtniutsurrkefkrmea bietrig ic mts kbieily.

6.8.6.8.6.8.6.8. Fkeldrj, Eirwdy def RgivkemdFkeldrj, Eirwdy def RgivkemdFkeldrj, Eirwdy def RgivkemdFkeldrj, Eirwdy def RgivkemdQk ndvk bniske ti fmsbuss Fkeldrj, Eirwdy def Rgivkemd ds kxdlpgks ic subbksscug

biuetrmks tndt ndvk dbnmkvkf mefkpkefkebk dt fmcckrket tmlks me Kuripkde nmstiry. Qk sndgg

tdjk tnkl me bnrieigiambdg irfkr.


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Vnk ndppmekss mefkx lketmiekf dhivk ymkgfkf tnk ciggiwmea tip-tke wirgf rdejmea me800>? Fkeldrj (wmtn d pipugdtmie ic cmvk lmggmie), Rwmtzkrgdef, Dustrmd, Mbkgdef, Hdndlds,Cmegdef, Rwkfke, Hnutde, Hruekm def Bdedfd. Ihvmiusgy silk drk lmbri-stdtks, itnkrssldgg ir, dt tnk list, lkfmul me smzk: tnkrk drk ei gdrak stdtks ie tnk gmst. Vnms ms silktnmeawirtn tnmejmea dhiut me bieekbtmie wmtn Hdsquk mefkpkefkebk, smebk me tnms bdsk

qudgmtdtmvk def qudetmtdtmvk brmtkrmd bievkrak ti ldjk tnk biebkpt mtskgc lirk pgdusmhgk. Me4>36, me tnk krd ic Hmsldrbj, Fkeldrj ndf de ippirtuemty ti cusk wmtn Akrldey. Qndtwiugf ndvk hkke mts cdtk ds d pdrt ic Akrldey9

Rmebk tnkrk ms eitnmea gmjk mllkrsmea iekskgc me nmstiry def gkdremea tnk gkssies ic tnkpdst me irfkr ti prkfmbt tnk cuturk, Eirwdy ms d cmek kxdlpgk ti giij dt me tnms skesk, wmtn dpipugdtmie ic dglist cmvk lmggmie? ndvmea hkke uefkr tnk Fdemsn def Rwkfmsn briwes circmvk nuefrkf ykdrs, mt fkbmfkf uemgdtkrdggy dt tnk hkameemea ic tnk twketmktn bketury ti ai mtdgiek ds d sivkrkmae stdtk, def d bketury gdtkr mt nigfs cmrst pgdbk me tnk NuldeFkvkgiplket Mefkx. Ri mt wds wirtn mt dgtniuan Fkeldrj def Rwkfke drk dflmttkfgytip-rdejmea stdtks tii.

Eiw wk bilk ti tnk list rkbket bdsk, Rgivkemd, wnmbn nds oust cmemsnkf bkgkhrdtmea tnktwketmktn deemvkrsdry ic mts mefkpkefkebk, admekf me Ouek, 4==4. Dt cmrst kvkrytnmeadppkdrkf ti hk aimea dadmest Rgivkemd? tnk K[ def tnk [emtkf Rtdtks hdbjkf tnk uemty ic

]uaisgdvmd, wnmgk Rkrhmd, tnk ldme bustilkr cir Rgivkemds kxpirts, deeiuebkf d hiybitt.Ekvkrtnkgkss, Rgivkemd ldfk tnk uemgdtkrdg fkbmsmie ti nigf d rkckrkeful iemefkpkefkebk, def kvketudggy wds suppirtkf hy Akrldey (Rgivkemd ndf bgisk gmejs wmtnDustrmd, me tkrls ic gdef stdrtkay). Vifdy tnk Rgivkemdes drk fimea vkry wkgg cir tnklskgvks(rdejmea 8= dliea tnk wirgfs stdtks ie tnk NFM sbdgk), bgisk ti tnk K[ dvkrdak, def wmtn dgiwkr ueklpgiylket rdtk (wmtn d nmankr pripirtmie ic mefustry me mts kbieily). VnkRgivkek gdeaudak ms iccmbmdg me tnk K[, Rgivkemd nkgf tnk prksmfkeby me 800>, def wmtn dpipugdtmie ic twi lmggmie tnk Rgivkemdes gmvk wmtn fmaemty.

6.2.6.2.6.2.6.2. Ie tnkmr wdyIe tnkmr wdyIe tnkmr wdyIe tnkmr wdy???? Rbitgdef def BdtdgiemdRbitgdef def BdtdgiemdRbitgdef def BdtdgiemdRbitgdef def BdtdgiemdRbitgdef ms d biuetry wmtn d pipugdtmie ic oust ivkr cmvk lmggmie def d niliakekiustkrrmtiry. Nmstirmbdggy mts hirfkrs ndvk hkke bgkdrgy fkcmekf. Me tnk skbief bketury (488-486DF) tnk Xilde Klpmrk humgt Ndfrmdes Qdgg, 44> jmgilktrks giea def 3.; lktrks nman, ds dfkckebk dadmest tnk Pmbts. Mt wds ciggiwkf hy tnk Detiemek Qdgg me 460. Iek ic lifkreRbitgdefs 28 biuebmg drkds ms stmgg edlkf Hirfkrs.

Vnms ms eit tnk pgdbk ti rkvmkw tnk kgdhirdtk nmstiry ic tnms trdfmtmiedggy piir biuetry (me4>31 tnk mebilk ic Rbittmsn pkipgk wds gkss tnde d tnmrf ic tndt ic tnk Keagmsn), hut dt tnkhkameemea ic 8044 Vmlkldadzmek gmstkf Rbitgdef me cmrst pgdbk me d gmst ic tke bdefmfdtks cirmefkpkefkebk. Me tnk Ldy kgkbtmies, tnms wds hirek iut hy de dhsigutk ldoirmty cir tnkRbittmsn Edtmiedgmst Pdrty, wnmbn wds bdggmea cir d rkckrkeful ie mefkpkefkebk. >0% ic

Rbits suppirt subn d livk. Mts gkdfkr, Dgkx Rdglief, sdmf me 8040? Qk drk dwdrk - ds wkwmgg dgwdys hk - ic tnk sivkrkmaety ic iur pkipgk, tndt tnk fkbmsmies ie Rbitgdefs cuturk gmkugtmldtkgy wmtn tnisk gmvmea def wirjmea me Rbitgdef - def wmtn ei-iek kgsk. Hdbj me 4=1=,ciggiwmea d fkckdt irbnkstrdtkf cril Giefie def tnk mebkptmie ic mts fkvigutmiepigmby, dRbittmsn pdrgmdlket wds brkdtkf wmtn gmlmtkf piwkrs, uedhgk ti biggkbt tdxks kxbkpt cir dgmlmtkf tdx-vdrymea bdpdhmgmty, hut wnmbn nds eiektnkgkss ldfk nkdfwdy. Qmtn dbilpgmbdtkf mfketmty smtudtmie (tnk prkbdrmius smtudtmie ic tnk Adkgmb gdeaudak bietrdstswmtn tnk strkeatn ic Rbitgdefs spirts tkdls), kbieilmbs nds hkke amvke prmirmty. Me tnk8001 kgkbtmies d nuefrkf bilpdemks stdrtkf d pri-mefkpkefkebk pgdtcirl. Vnkaivkrelkets lifkst hut kcckbtmvk ldedaklket nds skrvkf Rbits stdefdrf ic gmvmea wkgg,wmtn mlprivklkets me kfubdtmie (uemvkrsmty ms crkk def bgdssriil smzks drk gmlmtkf), nkdgtnbdrk (wmtn crkk bdrk cir tnk kgfkrgy mebgufmea niusk vmsmts def crkk prksbrmptmies), tnk hurfke

ic lmeir tdxks wds gmantkekf (gibdg tdx rdtks wkrk crizke cir d ciur-ykdr pkrmif def tigg


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bndraks ie hrmfaks dhigmsnkf), puttmea de kef ti bmvmg skrvmbk rkfuefdebmks, giwkrmea tnkueklpgiylket rdtk ti uefkr 1%, def si ie.

Me uefkrgymea mssuks pkrtdmemea ti tnk ds ykt uefkvigvkf piwkrs ivkr akekrdg pigmbmkssubn ds cirkmae dccdmrs, fkckebk, kekray, sibmdg skburmty ktb., pigmbmks fmcckrketmdtmea Rbitgdef

cril tnk [emtkf Jmeafil drk hkmea ldfk tnk suhokbt ic puhgmb fkhdtk. Vnkmefkpkefkebk pdrty ippiskf tnk wdr me Mrdq, suppirtkf tnk Jyiti Pritibig ie rkfubmeaklmssmies ic arkkeniusk adsks, ippisks eubgkdr piwkr def suppirts rkekwdhgks (eitktnk rkgdtmies hktwkke Mhkrfrigd def Rbittmsn Piwkr). Mt dfnkrks ti d sibmdg-fklibrdtmblifkg: tnk prkvdgket Prkshytkrmde rkgmamie ms kadgmtdrmde me bietrdst ti bgdssmst Deagmbdemsl.Ivkrdgg, puhgmb spkefmea ms 43-80% nmankr pkr bdpmtd tnde me Keagdef def mt dspmrks ti ketkrmeti de dxms ic wkdgtn wnmbn mebgufks Mrkgdef, Mbkgdef, Eirwdy def Fkeldrj. Vnk cmrst twiic tnksk ndvk ndf prihgkls me tnk prksket kbieilmb brmsms (cril wnmbn tnky drk eiwrkbivkrmea), hut tnk itnkrs ndvk cdrkf hkttkr. Gkt us rkbdgg tndt ldedaklket ic tnk EirtnRkd img def ads rkskrvks def ic tdxks bietmeuks ti hk bietriggkf hy Giefie: ti silkkxtket, hgdbj aigf ldy hk bivkrmea up tnk hgdbj nigks ic de kbieily hdskf ie cmedebkdef pripkrty. Vnk lktripigms bivkrkf up d 4=16 kbieilmb rkpirt ldjmea d vkry aiif

draulket cir tnk vmdhmgmty ic Rbittmsn mefkpkefkebk.

Hy wdy ic bietrdst, Bdtdgiemd nds d lirk nktkriakekius tkrrmtirmdg smtudtmie. Bugturdggy mtcirls pdrt ic tnk Pdsis Bdtdgdes: pigmtmbdggy, mt ms fmvmfkf hktwkke twi nmangy bketrdgmststdtks, Rpdme def Crdebk. Mt ms tnkrkcirk lirk fmccmbugt ti drrmvk dt d smeagk sigutmie. Vnksibmigiambdg rmsk me pri-mefkpkebk ckkgmeas me rkbket ykdrs ms uesurprmsmea, amvke tnk cdmgurkic pigmtmbdg kccirts ivkr tnk prkbkfmea tnmrty. Hkbdusk ic tdxdtmie mssuks, Bdtdgiemd mskstmldtkf ti ndvk de dgg-riuef fkcmbmt me cdviur ic Rpdme rkprksketmea 40% ic mts AFP. Vnmsbmrbulstdebk nds rksugtkf me tnk Rihkrdemd m priarspgdtcirl def tnk pri-mefkpkefkebkhusmekss ariup Bkrbgk Bdtdg fk Ekaibms.

Dsmfk cril tnk mssuk ic de ueiccmbmdg rkckrkeful ie sivkrkmaety, uegmjk Rbitgdef, tnk

ldme wirry ms dhiut tnk tnrkdt ic d hiybitt. Gkt us rkbdgg tndt sdgks ic bdvd (tnk Bdtdgdebndlpdaek) frippkf hy 3% furmea ekaitmdtmies cir d ekw Kstdtut cir Bdtdgiemd defcdbkf bgiskf fiirs suhskquketgy. Niwkvkr, stufmks ndvk sniwe tndt dey pissmhgkbillkrbmdg gissks wiugf hk lirk tnde ldfk up cir hy tnk admes cril de mefkpkefket tdxrkamlk.

Vnus wnmgk qukstmies dhiut kbieilmb vmdhmgmty bdeeit hk fkemkf, tnk rkdg mssukssurriuefmea de mefkpkefket stdtk cir Bdtdgiemd drk pigmtmbdg, listgy ndvmea ti fi wmtn tnkdttmtufks ic tnk twi stdtks ie kmtnkr smfk ic mt.

;.;.;.;. BIEBG[RMIERBIEBG[RMIERBIEBG[RMIERBIEBG[RMIER

Qirgf pkdbk, fklibrdtmsdtmie def ipke kbieilmks drk cdviurdhgk ti sldgg stdtks. Kbieilmb metkardtmie ms gmejkf ti pigmtmbdg fmsmetkardtmie. Vnk eulhkr ic stdtks

wirgfwmfk nds trmpgkf smebk 4=6;. Xkldmemea qukstmies wnmbn bdgg cir curtnkr stufy mebgufk bmvmg wdrs, Jisivis uemgdtkrdg

fkbmsmie cir fmsbrktmiedg bndeak hy rkckrkeful, lihmgmty, lmeirmtmks, lmgmtdry defkbieilmb hgibs, prdbtmbdg kxdlpgks def nmstiry mtskgc. Vnke tnkrk drk ldttkrs rkgdtmea tivmdhmgmty def gmvmea stdefdrfs ir mestdebks ic hiybitts subn ds wkrk mlpiskf ie Rgivkemd,Gmtnudemd def itnkrs.

Rkpdrdtmst tkefkebmks wmgg hkbilk strieakr me tnk mllkfmdtk cuturk. Mt ms akttmea bnkdpkrti dbnmkvk pigmtmbdg crkkfil. Dbbirfmea ti d 8003 rkpirt me Vnk Kbieilmst, biesmfkrkf

tnk hmhgk ic gmhkrdgmsl, tnk cdsnmie cir stdtkniif wmgg hk d cirbk ti hk rkbjiekf wmtn metnk ekxt 80 ykdrs, ds mt nds hkke me tnk pdst twi fkbdfks.


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Vnk tmlk nds bilk cir d gkdp cril gibdgmsl ti suprdedtmiedgmsl: tnk cirlkr ms hdskf iepigmtmbdg gkamtmlmsdtmie, tnk gdttkr ie dvimfmea tmgmea.

Qk ekkf ti livk tiwdrfs d cgkxmhgk systkl ic pigmtmbdg fildmes. Rwmss bdeties drk dekxdlpgk, hut si ms tnk Lddstrmbnt Vrkdty mtskgc wnmbn dbjeiwgkfaks tnk rmant ic stdtks tigkdvk tnk uemie.

Hitn igf def ekw kbieilmb mefmbdtirs skkl ti suaakst tndt sldgg stdtks drk hkttkr tndehma ieks, def tnms bde dgsi hk draukf cir ie tnkirktmbdg ariuefs.

Qk drk sdmf ti hk ie tnk tnrksnigf ic d ciurtn wdvk ic mefkpkefket stdtk brkdtmie.Rbitgdef ldy hk tnk cmrst biuetry ti skt tnms aimea, ndvmea cdrkf hkttkr me tnk kbieilmbbrmsms def tmlkf tnk rkckrkeful wkgg, hut dhivk dgg iwmea ti mts eirtnkre Kuripkdebugturk def fklibrdtmb ldturmty. Itnkr pgdbks ti jkkp de kyk ie drk Eirtnkre Mrkgdef,Arkkegdef def Cgdefkrs.

Me tnk ekw wirgf kbieilmb pdrdfmal, tnk metkrfkpkefkebk hktwkke sldgg deflkfmul-smzkf stdtks wmgg nigf tnk jky.


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XKCKXKEBKRXKCKXKEBKRXKCKXKEBKRXKCKXKEBKR

Dgksmed, D. & Rpigdirk, K. (8002)?Vnk smzk ic edtmies, Ldssdbnusktts Mestmtutk ic Vkbneigiay (LMV).Dgksmed, D., Rpigdirk, K. & Qdbzmdra, X. (4==1)? Kbieilmb metkardtmie def pigmtmbdg

fmsmetkardtmie, EHKX Qirjmea Pdpkr.

Hkg, A. (8044)? Mefkpkefkebmd y himbit, Gd Sdeaudrfmd.Bigilkr, O. L. (8003)? Ardefks mlpkrmis, pkqukds edbmieks, Dedardld.Aygcdsie, V. (800=)? Ms Mbkgdef tii sldgg9, Six., (8040)? Kgkvke gkssies cril Mbkgdef, Six.Gdtiubnk, R. & Ndrpdas, F. (8040)? Gk tklps fk gd fbrimssdebk, Vnmkrry Ldaemkr.Gpkz, O. (8044)? Kuripdji kstdtu hkrrmke sirrkrd, Hkrrmd, 8044-08-06.Inldk, J. (4==;)? Vnk kef ic tnk edtmie stdtk, Vnk Crkk Prkss., (800;)? Kg prxmli ksbkedrmi agihdg, Ardembd.Pdrtdg, S. (8044)? Gd gkbbme quk gis ksgivkeis eis fmkrie ndbk vkmetk dis, Smgdwkh.Prmbk, D. (8044)? Rldgg ms butk, skxy def subbkscug, Ndrvdrf Jkeekfy Rbniig.Tudfrds, ^. & Aumeoide, L. (8044)? Bdtdgud y Ksbibmd? ei ks kxdbtdlketk gi lmsli, Dvum-Kg

Puet.Xkaiyis, O. fk (8044)? Hkgamste. Kg gdhirdtirmi edbmiedgmstd, Drmkg.Rdrrdmgn fk Mndrtzd, C. (4=1=)? Gd eukvd Sdsbiemd, Kfmbmieks Sdsbds.Rbnuldbnkr, K. C. (8044)? Gi pkquki ks nkrlisi, Djdg.Rlmgky, ^. (800;)? Dey ekw biuetrmks ie tnk nirmzie9, Vnk wirgf me 8003 (Vnk Kbieilmst).Rigdei, ^. (8044)? Ksbibmd? lubni ls quk ue rkckreful, Dvum-Kg Puet.


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8.8.8.8. Vkrrmtiry def kbieilmbs. Vkrrmtiry ds d pigmtmbdgVkrrmtiry def kbieilmbs. Vkrrmtiry ds d pigmtmbdgVkrrmtiry def kbieilmbs. Vkrrmtiry ds d pigmtmbdgVkrrmtiry def kbieilmbs. Vkrrmtiry ds d pigmtmbdgbiebkptbiebkptbiebkptbiebkpt....

OOOOOOOOddddddddhhhhhhhhmmmmmmmmkkkkkkkkrrrrrrrrKKKKKKKKrrrrrrrrmmmmmmmmzzzzzzzzkkkkkkkkffffffffkkkkkkkkggggggggddddddddXXXXXXXXmmmmmmmmbbbbbbbbdddddddd,,,,,,,, FFFFFFFFkkkkkkkkaaaaaaaarrrrrrrrkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkmmmmmmmmeeeeeeeeGGGGGGGGddddddddwwwwwwww

Vnms bndptkr giijs dt tnk kbieilmb cdbkt ic tnk pigmtmbdg biebkpt ic tkrrmtiry. Gdef ms tnklist hdsmb ic tnk tnrkk kbieilmb cdbtirs. Vnk dvdmgdhmgmty, bietrig, fmstrmhutmie defldedaklket ic edturdg rksiurbks ms d giea-tkrl, nmstirmbdg ldttkr. Me iur agihdgmzkf wirgftnk uerkaugdtkf ir uefkr-rkaugdtkf ldrjkts dbt ds fk cdbti ldedakrs ic iur edturdgrksiurbks. Vnk eitmie ic ciif sivkrkmaety, wnmbn klkrakf ti dffrkss tnk wrieas drmsmeacril tnms, ms de meeivdtmvk, uemvkrsdg (m.k. vdgmf cir hitn Eirtn def Riutn), kxpdesmvk defklpiwkrmea mfkd.

Ciif sivkrkmaety ms vmkwkf ds d rmant ic pkipgks. Vnk hma qukstmie ms niw biuetrmks drk ti

dvdmg tnklskgvks ic tnms rmant, def tnk deswkr ms? vmd tnk stdtk. Eitwmtnstdefmea tnk brmsms ictnk edtmie-stdtk, ei itnkr mestmtutmie hksmfks mt nds klkrakf tndt ms bdpdhgk ic bndggkeameatnk nkakliey ic tnk ldrjkts. Mt ms tnkrkcirk tmlk cir Hdsquks, dgrkdfy mevigvkf me humgfmeatnkmr edtmie, ti stdrt ti dffrkss tnk biestrubtmie ic stdtkniif.


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MEVXIF[BVMIEMEVXIF[BVMIEMEVXIF[BVMIEMEVXIF[BVMIE

Vkrrmtiry ms eit iegy d akiardpnmbdg biebkpt, mt ms d pigmtmbdg biebkpt tii. Dbbirfmea tibgdssmbdg pigmtmbdg tnkiry, tnk stdtk ms ldfk up ic tnrkk tnmeas? d) d tkrrmtiry, h) d pipugdtmie,def b) sivkrkmaety (ir sivkrkmae piwkr). Vnus tkrrmtiry ms iek ic tnk tnrkk cuefdlketdg

dttrmhutks ir bilpieket pdrts ic d stdtk. Vndt ms tnk pigmtmbdg biebkpt ic tkrrmtiry.

Biebkremea tnk stdtkBiebkremea tnk stdtkBiebkremea tnk stdtkBiebkremea tnk stdtk

Gkt us tnke biesmfkr tnk kssketmdg gmej hktwkke tnk pigmtmbdg biebkpt ic tkrrmtiry def tnkstdtk. Mt ms truk tndt tnk tkrl tkrrmtiryms dgsi uskf, me d pigmtmbdg skesk, ic pigmtmbdg ketmtmks tndtdrk eit stdtks (mefkkf, prksket-fdy gkamsgdtmie stmpugdtks, cir kxdlpgk, tndt d tkrrmtiry ms iekic tnk bilpiekets ic d tiwe ir luembmpdgmty). Hut me subn bdsks wk drk usmea de mebilpgktkpigmtmbdg biebkpt ic tkrrmtiry, si ti spkdj. D bilpgktk pigmtmbdg biebkpt ic tkrrmtiry lmant hksdmf ti hk ekbkssdrmgy gmejkf ir dssibmdtkf wmtn d stdtk. Vndt gmej ekkf eit hk de kcckbtmvkiek? cir tnk purpisk ic dedgysms, d nypitnktmbdg ir mldamedry gmej ms keiuan, def si wk drkdhgk ti tdgj ic tnk tkrrmtiry ic Jurfmstde ir Kusjdg Nkrrmd me tnk cugg pigmtmbdg skesk ic tkrrmtiry

kvke tniuan ei Hdsquk ir Jurfmsn stdtk kxmsts dt tnk tmlk ic wrmtmea. Mt ms mlpirtdet tiuefkrstdef tndt me subn bdsks wk drk mlpgmbmtgy dssulmeasubn d stdtk.

Vnk pigmtmbdg biebkpt ic tkrrmtiry (wnmbn nds oust hkke rkckrrkf ti ds d bilpgktk pigmtmbdgbiebkpt) ms d bieouebtmie ic tnrkk fmcckrket dspkbts? d pnysmbdg dspkbt, de kbieilmb dspkbtdef d gkadg dspkbt.

d) Pnysmbdg dspkbt? tnk gibdtmie, tnk ldtkrmdg ariuef ir drkd wnkrk tnk pipugdtmie mskstdhgmsnkf.

h) Gkadg dspkbt? tnk tkrrmtiry ms tnk pdrtmbu

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