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TMP-Bio for Converting Cellulosic Biomass to 2nd
Generation Sugar and Near-native Lignin
Changbin Mao, Zhirun Yuan, Luis Fernando Del Rio, Waleed Wafa Al Dajani, David Wong, Thomas Browne
FPInnovations, 570 Boul. Saint-Jean, Pointe-Claire, QC, H9R 3J9 Canada
International Forest Biorefining Conference (IFBC) May 9-11, 2017, Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada
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Outline
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Ø Introduction
Ø TMP-Bio Technology§ Unique Biomass Treatment Technology
§ Robust Enzymatic Hydrolysis Technology
Ø TMP-Bio Scaling-up
Ø Products from sugar and H-lignin
Ø Summary
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Genome, Fibre attribute, Phytosanitary Bio-Products
New
Tec
hnol
ogie
s
Improved Forestry Inventory
FPInnovations / Upstream
Forest Harvesting SourcingIntegrated Forest Land-Use
Management
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Creating Opportunities Beyond Traditional MarketsCr
eatin
g Va
lue
Adde
d èè
Develop New Processes and New Materials èè
Wood Products
Pulp & Paper
Chemicals CNC(NCC)
LigninCF Sugars Energy
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Current Commercial Cellulosic Biorefineries
5* Ref. Novozymes 2014
§ Steam explosion (SE) is the predominant pretreatment technology for cellulosic biomass treatment
§ Develop a robust pretreatment technology is critical for cellulosic based biorefineries
M&G and Guozhen 2014 JVAnhui province, CNAgriculture residue ~ 80 MGY
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To Overcome The Challenges
Endoglucanase (EGI-V)
Non-reducing end Reducing end
Cellobiose
Exoglucanase CBH-IExoglucanase CBH-II
Glucose
Beta-glucosidase
1. Extensive intra-chain hydrogen bonding
2. Cellulose is embedded in HCs and Lignin matrix
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TMP-Bio Process
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Hydrolysis
1000 kg
500 kg sugars
400 kg
Biomass treatment
Digestible biomass
Bio products- Succinic acid- Lactic acid- Butanol- Ethanol - … …
New products- E-lignin- A-lignin - Activated carbon - Resin- Additives- … …
H-Lignin
Chemical treatment
I II
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TMP-Bio is a CTMP/TMP-based Process
§ Further process development allows us to easily incorporate TMP-Bio technology in both CTMP and TMP mills
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Pre-treatment and Post-treatment Pilot Trials
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Hydrolysis conditions: 2% solids, 72 hours.
0
20
40
60
80
100
0 5 10 15 20
Gluc
an c
onve
rsio
n, %
Enzyme loading, FPU/g glucan
BR42A (Pilot post-treatment)BR17 (pilot pre-treatment)Post-treatmentPre-treatment
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§ Low chemical, low energy, medium temperature
§ Biomass treatment can be conducted prior or post refiner
§ No need to extract HCs and lignin (Cel/HC/L, ~50/15/23)
§ High sugar conversion yield (90%+ at high solid)
§ Could use existing facilities at a large scale (+1000 ton/d)
Produce highly digestible biomass at large scale
Unique Biomass Treatment Technology
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Robust Enzymatic Hydrolysis Technology
§ With the F3 at 20 FPU, E-Hydrolysis bottleneck disappeared with glucan and xylan being simultaneously hydrolyzed
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
0 24 48 72 96 120 144
Suga
r Con
vers
ion
Yiel
d, %
E- Hydrolysis Time, Hrs
Cellulase (CL) at 20 FPU
Xylose
Glucose
Formulation F3 at 20FPU
00 24 48 72 96 120 144
E-hydrolysis Time, Hrs
20
40
60
80
100
Suga
r Con
vers
ion
Yiel
d, %
Xylose
Glucose
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Enzyme Formula Optimization (F3)
Estimated Response SurfaceBG=10.0
CtecHtec
gluc
an y
ield
0 10 20 30 40 0204060801000
20406080
100
0
20
40
60
80
100
0 20 40 60 80 100Pre
dic
ted
co
nve
rsio
n y
ield
, %
Observed conversion yield, %
fittedlower 95%upper 95%val-P %
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Robust Additives
§ The additives work extremely well at low enzyme dosage (+50% at 5 FPU) § At 5 FPU, sugar conversion yield is +75% (6 days)
0
20
40
60
80
100
0 5 10 15 20 25
Glu
cose
yie
ld, %
Enzyme dosage, (Ctec1, FPU/g glucan)
0.038 0.076 0.114(ml enzyme/g cellulose)
+50%
F3 with add. (3d)
F3 with add. (6d)
Model without add. (3d)R2=98%
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Towards High Solids Enzymatic Hydrolysis (2% vs. 20%)
§ Similar hydrolysis efficiency for both low and high solid loadings§ Much high sugar concentration at 20% solid loading
0
30
60
90
120
150
0 2 4 6Suga
r con
cent
ratio
n, g
/LHydrolysis time, days
Total sugar concentration
TSCon-2%
TSCon-20%
0
20
40
60
80
100
0 2 4 6
Ove
rall
Suga
r yie
ld, %
Hydrolysis time, days
Overall sugar yield
Sugar yield-2%
Sugar yield -20%
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High solid (20%) Enzymatic Hydrolysis (50L)
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High solid (20%) enzymatic hydrolysis (1,000L)
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D2 10:178 barrels
Total sugar: 113.3g/L
D1 12:084 barrels
D1 14:416 barrels
D1 14:254 barrels
200L
200 OD kg Biomass at 30%
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Sugar Lignin Separation
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Refiner
Latency
Ligninfor drying
LC Reactor
Paddle Reactor
Centrifuge
Totes for shipping
Grinder
Screw press
Sugar
Tank
II
Digester
Biomass
Press Impregnator I
FPInnovations’ small TMP-Bio pilot plant (PC)
TMP-Bio Scale-up
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Major Equipment of The Pilot Plant
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Existing pilot equipment (A)
Installed new pilot equipment (B)
A1 A2 A3 A4
B1 B2 B3 B4
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TMP-Bio pilot plant
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Sugar Properties from Pilot Plant Operation
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Sugar Quality from Pilot Plant Operation
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Fresh sugar Concentrated sugar
Average pH 5,1 5,3
Average density (kg/L) 1,065 1,213
Glucose concentration (g/L) 102 320
Xylose concentration (g/L) 32 97
Furfural (g/L) Not detected 0,031
5-(Hydroxymethyl) furfural (g/L) Not detected 0,023
5-Methyl furfural (g/L) Not detected Not detected
2-Methyl furan Not detected Not detected
Acetic acid (g/L) 4,4 12,2
Hg, As, Pb, Cd (ppm) - <0.5
Fe, Mn, Cu (ppm) - <3.3
Ca (ppm) - 747
P (ppm) - 150
S (ppm) - 192
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Lactic Acid Fermentation
§ Direct fermentation without detoxification§ Independent pilot trials confirmed sugar-free fermentation can
be achieved§ Lactic acid yield: 80-93% (w/w)
LA Lab result
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H-lignin Powder Product
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§ Light color, no-sulfur, properties close to native lignin
§ Particle size: 10-300 µm
Kraft ligninH-lignin
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Towards Commercialization
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Treatment Highly
digestible biomass(Cel/HC/L: 50/15/23)
Biomass
Enzymatic hydrolysisYd, +90%
Mixed sugar (con.>10%)Mixed sugar (con.>10%)
Hydrolysis lignin (contains ~60%
lignin)
• HE-lignin• HA-lignin • Resin• Additives• … … New products
• Succinic acid• Lactic acid• Butanol• Ethanol
Engineering Study on 1 ton/batch
Engineering Study on 1 ton/batch
100 ton/d500 ton/d
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Summary
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§ FPInnovations has developed a proprietary TMP-Bio technology for cellulosic biomass conversion (Patented in US, CA, NZ, AU, CN)
§ The unique biomass treatment technology can produce highly digestible biomass at industrial scale (1000ton/day)
§ Robust enzymatic hydrolysis technology can simultaneously convert both glucan and xylan at 90% at 20% solid loading
§ High quality sugar and near native H-lignin are produced in our pilot plant
§ Various valued-added products can be developed from TMP-Bio sugar and H-lignin
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Acknowledgment
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o The financial support from NRCAN, MRNF, partners and our member companies
o Novozymes for providing us Cellic series enzymes
o The ARS National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, USDA, for providing us the strain for lactic acid
o Our technicians and other staff in FPInnovations, …...
o IFBC committee
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www.fpinnovations.ca
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© 2015 FPInnovations. All rights reserved. Copying and redistribution prohibited. ® FPInnovations, its marks and logos are trademarks of FPInnovations.
Thank you Zhirun YuanResearch manager - Biorefinery [email protected]
Changbin MaoScientist - Biorefinery [email protected]