TMD2063 | Digital Animation - Chapter 2

ANIMAT

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ECHNIQUES

& TERMIN

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CH

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ANIMATION TECHNIQUES

Two types animation techniques: Conventional Animation Digital Animation

CONVENTIONAL

ANIMAT

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2. 1

CONVENTIONAL ANIMATION

5 types of conventional animation: Drawn animation Cut-out animation Stop motion animation Rotoscoping Limited animation

DRAWN ANIMATION

Produced by a series of drawn images that been stacked together sequentially.

Each drawing is differing slightly from the one before and after.

To produce a complex animation (for example, animated movie) requires several thousands of drawings that will be presented on screen one by one at a fast rate.

DRAWN ANIMATION

Series of drawn images will be traced onto transparent cels (celluloid acetate sheets) to create fine lines before coloring process begins.

Advantages : it can produce an attractive and controllable effect.

Disadvantages : it is time consuming and requires a lot of work.

CUT-OUT ANIMATION

http://www.aifweb.com/animation/cutout_anim/cutout_animation.html

Creating a graphic symbol for the leg, below.

CUT-OUT ANIMATION

Known as collage animation/ silhoutte animation

Cut-out animation involves moving cut-out shapes in small steps

Taking a picture at each stage, this is a lot less work than having to draw every single frame of the animation.

CUT-OUT ANIMATION

Advantages: easy to create and requires less cost and equipment

Disadvantages: animation effect is not realistic and not attractive

Example: Angela Anaconda, South Park & Wonderpets

STOP-MOTION ANIMATION

Known as model animation and claymotion.

Process of recording the manual movement or three dimensional object to create animation effect.

Usually clay is used to create puppet.

Object moved then recorded.

The whole recording will be played to produced animation effect.

Example: Chicken Run, Bob The Builder and Wallace And Gromit.

ROTOSCOPING

The process of tracking contours in a video sequences.

ROTOSCOPING

Rotoscoping refers to the process of tracing the action, character and so on from video or real film.

Advantages: It requires video or film as a platform of creating the animation. It produces a realistic effect to the animation.

Disadvantages: This technique is used to produce a complex movement that is hard to create by ordinary technique.

LIMITED ANIMATION

Process of making animated cartoons that does not follow a realistic approach.

Creates an image that uses abstract art, symbolism, and limited movement to create the same effect, but at a much lower production cost.

Allows animation cels to be duplicated, resulting in a lower number of separate frames per second (normal conventional animation use 24-30 fps, limited animation use 12 fps)

DIGITA

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2. 2

DIGITAL ANIMATION

4 types of digital animation: Cel-based animation

Known as Frame Animation

DIGITAL ANIMATION

Path-Based animation Process of animating object over line or path

DIGITAL ANIMATION

Object animation Changing on specifications or characteristic of object.

color , size, shape, Lighting

Scene transition Use fade in and fade out

ANIMATION TERMINOLOGIES

5 elements in animation terminologies : Keyframes Tweening Onion skinning Frame rate Aspect ratio

KEYFRAMES

It is the main frame in an animated sequence that represents major change to object.

Act as a reference for other frames in animated sequence.

TWEENING

Refers to the process of creating object between keyframes to generate animated sequence.

Animator creates object in the first and last keyframe only. While frames between keyframes (inbetweening) will be generated automatically by software.

ONION SKINNING

Technique used in creating object and editing movies to see several frames at once.

FRAME RATE

The measurement of how quick an imaging device produces consecutive frames when presenting animation.

Measured as fps (frame per second).

Standard fps is 12fps

ASPECT RATIO

Refers to the distribution of pixel on screen for production process.

It measures based on the number of pixel on screen; width x height.

In general, computer screen aspect ratio measurements are 640 x 480, 800 x 600, 1024 x 768 and so on.

ASPECT RATIO

By default, aspect ratio in Flash is 550 x 400, suitable for viewing through computer and web.

For animation presentation through video screen, this aspect ratio should be changed to fit with the standard aspect ratio for video screen.

Two aspects ratio for video screen; PAL (768 x 576) and NTSC (720 x 540).