TMD2063 | Digital Animation — Chapter 1

Animation is process of adding motion to

static images by applying various

techniques.

Basically animation provides

motion/movement to still images and

can provide virtual life to an object.

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Animation can be created in various techniques:

› Animation can be generated by a series of images that been drawn sequentially.

› Moving a miniature/sculpted model then record the movement.

› Cutting a small particle of paper that contains various shapes then records the movement of the shapes.

› Process of taking a series of photos then represents it sequentially.

› Digital animation or computerized animation.SL 1.4

Several factors that makes animation widely accepted in human life: › A dynamic nature of the animation

compared to other media which is static.

› A complex concept can be represented in simpler method and easy to understand.

› Emphasis more in media presentation to attract user’s or viewer’s interest.

› Can make the media presentation looks more interesting.

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In general, animation is a process that makes static image seems to move.

Persistence of vision is an illusion of continuous movement.

The theory states that any object watched by human eyes will be mapped on retina for a short period of time.

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The visual imprint remains in the brain for a short period after the object is withdrawn from view.

Based on the theory, when human eyes watch a sequence of static images at a fast rate, the static images will be assumed as an animation; images that move.

Each image that static in nature will be recorded in sequence. The sequence will be represented at a fast rate

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The use of flip-book

to create

persistence of vision

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Thaumatrope (1825)

A disc that displaying different images on both sides.

Thaumatrope means magic disc.

A string is tied through the disc which is used to revolve the disc.

The disc revolution will produce animation effect that creates both images seems to combine.

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Phenakistiscope (1830)

A disc that displaying series of images in sequence.

Comes from Greek roots meaning deceptive view.

A steel rod is set at the center of phenakistiscope. It is used to rotate the disc.

Viewer will see through the holes on the disc which will be reflected on a mirror.

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Zeotrope (1834)

A series of images that been assembled inside a drum.

Zeotrope means wheel of life.

Based on the same concept of phenakistiscope. Drum will be rotated and viewer will see the animation effect through holes around the drum.

The faster the rotation goes, the clearer effect will be produced.

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Praxinoscope (1877)

A series of pictures placed inside a drum which will be reflected by the mirrors outside a cylinder.

Comes from Greek roots meaning action viewer.

The number of mirrors is equal to the number of pictures, and the images of the pictures are viewed on the mirrors.

When the drum rotates, the quick succession of reflected pictures gives the illusion of a moving picture.

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Zoopraxiscope (1877)

A series of photos is placed sequentially

on a rotated glass.

Photo images are used to produce the

animation effect, compared to the

usage of drawn images before.

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Several example of animation application

in various fields:

Education

Engineering

Entertainment

Training

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Production manager

Instructional designer

Script writer

Graphic artist

Audio & video specialist

Programmers

Animator

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