Thoughts on the Future of Urban/Civil Needs in Rock Mechanics •The Future is Underground for Urban Infrastructure Development •Rock is Difficult to Excavate in an Urban Environment Often blasting is the least expensive alternative ARMA/NSF 2000 Workshop:Underground Urban Rock Construction •To Peer into Future --- Think Logarithmically Computation will decline in price and increase in speed exponentially, which will spark unimaginable Miniaturization & Computerization •We’ve forgotten Nano •Water is the Next Oil Water deficits may develop in Metropolitan Chicago •NEES for Rock
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Thoughts on the Future of Urban/Civil Needs in Rock Mechanics The Future is Underground for Urban Infrastructure Development Rock is Difficult to Excavate.
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Thoughts on the Future of Urban/Civil Needs in Rock Mechanics
•The Future is Underground for Urban Infrastructure Development
•Rock is Difficult to Excavate in an Urban Environment
Often blasting is the least expensive alternativeARMA/NSF 2000 Workshop:Underground Urban Rock Construction
•To Peer into Future --- Think LogarithmicallyComputation will decline in price and increase in speed exponentially, which
•Water is the Next OilWater deficits may develop in Metropolitan Chicago
•NEES for RockNational Earthquake Experimentation System
The Future is Underground for Infrastructure Development in
Congested Urban Environments Example: 9 Billion for
increasing limited NJ-NYC commuter rail capacity
Urban Mass Transit is Expensive: We have met the enemy and they are us!!
•98 % of those surveyed said that they preferred mass transit for someone else
•More people own pickup trucks than use mass transit
•Price of 1 gal of gasolineBelgium France Germany UK
US6.36 6.11 6.53 5.53 2.47
•Why has the Federal Government propelled Chrysler-Fiat to bet the bank on fuel stingy engines when Federal policy doesn’t discourage consumption?
•Policies that increase private transit efficiency allow increased use of private transit which allows more suburban sprawl and increases need for private transit (Jevon’s Paradox)
ARMA/NSF 2000 Workshop Underground Urban Rock Construction
– Photographic analysis of particle size distribution (image analysis)• Truck – post primary – post secondary
(from SPLIT, Kemeny)
HSBC Hybrid Stress Blasting CodeE.J. Sellers et al Fragblast 9 Granada, Spain
Complete Simulation of Complex Phenomenawith coupled process, discrete models
We’ve forgotten Nano: the frontier of miniaturization
• Down Hole Condition Communicator– Combination RIF sensors: – see Kurzwell’s artificial blood cells– Pump down and retrieve
Water price policy and public perception are not aligned
Price of Lake Michigan Water from my tap: $ 0.002/ galPrice of Lake Michigan Water from a plastic bottle: ~ $ 2.000/gal
According to Brita, its high-end faucet filter system provides water for 18 cents a gallon, a considerable saving from $1 or more typically charged for an 8- to 12-ounce bottle of water.
A recent survey of 14 countries indicates that average municipal water prices range from 66¢ per cubic meter (0.002$/gal) in the United States up to $2.25 in Denmark and Germany. Yet consumers rarely pay the actual cost of water. In fact, many governments practically (and sometimes literally) give water away for nothing.“Earth Policy Institute 2007”
Water Is the Next Oil
1985 Great Lakes CharterPrior notice of any diversion outside of basin that Exceeds 5,000,000 gal/day average over 30/daysGather data on diversions> 100,000 gal/day