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JUNEWARREN-NICKLES.COM • Pressure and Vacuum Services • Dredging and Dewatering • Hydrovac Services • Chemical Cleaning To learn more contact: David Wiens 403.218.2429 CEDAGROUP.COM [email protected] To learn more contact: David Wiens 403.218.2429 CEDAGROUP.COM • Pigging and Decoking • Hydro-Testing • Heat Exchanger Services • Hot Tapping and Leak Repair [email protected] Well simulations with OLGA Dynamic simulations identify flow instabilities and problems. Understanding the impact of complex flow regimes is important for production optimisation and total recovery. Contact: Calgary +1 403 277 6688 www.sptgroup.com SAGD COMMERCIAL PROJECTS & LEGEND Company Project Region Formation Average Reservoir Depth Phase Name Location Capacity (bbls/d) Production Start BlackPearl Resources Inc. Blackrod South Athabasca Grand Rapids 300 m Pilot 02-36-076-18W4 800 2011 Cenovus Energy Inc. Christina Lake South Athabasca Wabiskaw-McMurray 400 m Phase 1A 00-00-076-06W4 10,000 2002 Phase 1B 00-00-076-06W4 8,800 2008 Phase C 00-00-076-06W4 40,000 2011 Foster Creek South Athabasca Wabiskaw-McMurray 450 m Phase A 00-00-070-04W4 24,000 2001 Phase B Debottleneck 00-00-070-03W4 6,000 2003 Phase C Stage 1 00-00-070-03W4 10,000 2005 Phase C Stage 2 00-00-070-03W4 20,000 2007 Phase D 00-00-070-03W4 30,000 2009 Phase E 00-00-070-03W4 30,000 2009 Pelican Lake (Grand Rapids) South Athabasca Grand Rapids 250 m Pilot 00-00-083-21W4 600 2011 Connacher Oil and Gas Limited Great Divide South Athabasca Wabiskaw-McMurray 200 m Pod 1 00-00-082-12W4 10,000 2007 Algar South Athabasca Wabiskaw-McMurray 450 m Algar Pod 2 00-00-082-11W4 10,000 2010 ConocoPhillips Canada Limited Surmont pilot South Athabasca Wabiskaw-McMurray n/q Pilot 00-00-083-07W4 1,200 1997 Surmont South Athabasca Wabiskaw-McMurray 400 m Phase 1 00-00-083-06W4 27,000 2007 Devon Canada Corporation Jackfish 1 South Athabasca Wabiskaw-McMurray 415 m Phase 1 00-00-075-06W4 35,000 2007 Jackfish 2 South Athabasca Wabiskaw-McMurray 415 m Phase 2 00-00-075-06W4 35,000 2011 Husky Energy Inc. Tucker Cold Lake Clearwater 400 m Phase 1 00-28-064-04W4 30,000 2006 Japan Canada Oil Sands Limited Hangingstone South Athabasca Wabiskaw-McMurray 280-310 m Pilot 00-00-084-11W4 11,000 1999 MEG Energy Corp. Christina Lake South Athabasca Wabiskaw-McMurray 350 m Phase 1 Pilot 00-00-076-04W4 3,000 2008 Phase 2A 00-00-076-04W4 22,000 2009 Nexen Inc. Long Lake South Athabasca Wabiskaw-McMurray 200-250 m Phase 1 00-00-084-06W4 72,000 2008 Shell Canada Limited Orion Cold Lake Clearwater 400 m Phase 1 00-00-064-03W4 10,000 2007 Statoil Canada Ltd. Leismer South Athabasca Wabiskaw-McMurray 400 m Leismer Demonstration 00-00-079-10W4 10,000 2010 Suncor Energy Inc. Firebag North Athabasca Wabiskaw-McMurray 320 m Cogeneration and Expansion 00-00-095-06W4 25,000 2007 Stage 1 00-00-095-06W4 35,000 2004 Stage 2 00-00-095-06W4 35,000 2006 Stage 3 00-00-095-06W4 62,500 2011 MacKay River North Athabasca Wabiskaw-McMurray 150 m Phase 1 00-00-093-12W4 33,000 2002 SAGD PRODUCING OR INJECTING WELLS / WELLS CAPABLE OF PRODUCING OR INJECTING Company Project Jan 2011 Feb 2011 Mar 2011 Apr 2011 May 2011 Jun 2011 Jul 2011 Aug 2011 Sep 2011 Oct 2011 Nov 2011 Dec 2011 Jan 2012 Feb 2012 BlackPearl Resources Inc. Blackrod --- --- --- --- --- --- 1 / 1 1 / 1 1 / 1 1 / 1 1 / 1 1 / 1 1 / 1 1 / 1 Cenovus Energy Inc. Christina Lake 34 / 34 34 / 34 33 / 34 33 / 34 34 / 34 43 / 45 47 / 47 49 / 52 52 / 52 69 / 69 69 / 69 69 / 69 79 / 79 78 / 79 Foster Creek 334 / 369 330 / 370 330 / 369 332 / 369 330 / 368 326 / 368 327 / 368 334 / 369 356 / 391 355 / 391 356 / 398 365 / 412 382 / 422 380 / 421 Pelican Lake (Grand Rapids) 2 / 2 2 / 2 2 / 2 1 / 2 2 / 2 1 / 2 2 / 2 2 / 2 1 / 2 2 / 2 2 / 2 2 / 2 1 / 2 1 / 2 Connacher Oil and Gas Limited Algar 34 / 34 34 / 34 35 / 34 34 / 34 34 / 34 35 / 34 35 / 34 35 / 34 35 / 34 34 / 34 35 / 34 35 / 34 34 / 34 35 / 34 Great Divide 38 / 38 38 / 38 38 / 38 38 / 38 38 / 38 38 / 38 38 / 38 38 / 38 38 / 38 38 / 38 38 / 38 38 / 38 38 / 38 38 / 38 ConocoPhillips Canada Limited Surmont (original pilot) 6 / 6 6 / 6 6 / 6 6 / 6 6 / 6 6 / 6 6 / 6 6 / 6 6 / 6 6 / 6 6 / 6 6 / 6 6 / 6 6 / 6 Surmont 59 / 59 59 / 59 59 / 64 58 / 65 54 / 59 54 / 59 54 / 59 54 / 60 52 / 60 51 / 60 58 / 65 60 / 65 61 / 66 62 / 67 Devon Canada Corporation Jackfish 1 54 / 56 53 / 56 63 / 67 65 / 69 63 / 69 63 / 69 64 / 69 63 / 69 63 / 69 63 / 69 119 / 125 121 / 125 121 / 125 139 / 139 Jackfish 2 --- --- --- --- --- 28 / 28 42 / 42 56 / 56 56 / 56 --- --- --- --- --- Husky Energy Inc. Tucker 60 / 85 70 / 94 70 / 94 72 / 98 74 / 100 94 / 115 94 / 115 96 / 115 94 / 115 89 / 115 92 / 116 92 / 116 92 / 116 92 / 116 Japan Canada Oil Sands Limited Hangingstone 41 / 44 41 / 44 41 / 44 41 / 44 40 / 44 41 / 44 41 / 44 41 / 44 41 / 44 40 / 44 41 / 44 41 / 44 41 / 44 41 / 44 MEG Energy Corp. Christina Lake 68 / 70 70 / 70 68 / 70 68 / 70 69 / 70 69 / 70 69 / 70 70 / 71 70 / 71 70 / 71 70 / 71 74 / 81 74 / 81 78 / 81 Nexen Inc. Long Lake 168 / 181 166 / 181 172 / 181 171 / 181 171 / 181 167 / 181 166 / 181 166 / 181 171 / 181 168 / 181 172 / 181 172 / 181 172 / 181 172 / 181 Shell Canada Limited Orion 44 / 44 44 / 44 44 / 44 44 / 44 44 / 44 44 / 44 44 / 44 44 / 44 44 / 44 42 / 44 43 / 44 42 / 44 44 / 44 44 / 44 Statoil Canada Ltd. Leismer 30 / 30 32 / 32 44 / 44 44 / 44 44 / 44 44 / 44 44 / 44 44 / 44 44 / 44 42 / 44 42 / 44 44 / 44 44 / 44 44 / 44 Suncor Energy Inc. Firebag 80 / 82 80 / 82 80 / 82 80 / 82 94 / 96 106 / 108 110 / 113 112 / 117 109 / 117 113 / 117 135 / 137 135 / 137 164 / 166 165 / 168 MacKay River 112 / 117 112 / 117 110 / 117 110 / 117 109 / 117 108 / 117 107 / 119 117 / 127 118 / 127 118 / 127 116 / 129 117 / 129 120 / 131 129 / 139 junewarren-nickles.com Edmonton, AB: 6111 - 91 Street NW, T6E 6V6 Phone: 780.944.9333 Fax: 780.944.9500 Toll Free: 1.800.563.2946 Calgary, AB: 2nd Floor, 816 - 55 Avenue NE, T2E 6Y4 Phone: 403.209.3500 Fax: 403.245.8666 Toll Free: 1.800.387.2446 If you would like additional copies of this chart or have questions/comments, please call 1.800.563.2946 or email [email protected]. Every precaution has been taken to prevent errors or omissions and the publisher assumes no responsibility for damages caused by any errors or omissions. SAGD PRODUCING OR INJECTING WELLS / WELLS CAPABLE OF PRODUCING OR INJECTING Company Project Jan 2011 Feb 2011 Mar 2011 Apr 2011 May 2011 Jun 2011 Jul 2011 Aug 2011 Sep 2011 Oct 2011 Nov 2011 Dec 2011 Jan 2012 Feb 2012 Baytex Energy Corp. Cliffdale Pilot 1 / 1 1 / 1 3 / 3 3 / 3 5 / 5 5 / 5 5 / 5 5 / 5 5 / 5 5 / 5 5 / 5 5 / 5 5 / 5 6 / 6 Harmon Valley Pilot 1 / 1 1 / 1 1 / 1 1 / 1 1 / 1 1 / 1 1 / 1 1 / 1 1 / 1 1 / 1 1 / 1 1 / 1 1 / 1 1 / 1 Canadian Natural Resources Limited Primrose/Wolf Lake 783 / 947 798 / 947 803 / 948 798 / 949 810 / 946 817 / 958 811 / 958 811 / 959 823 / 973 817 / 973 810 / 973 801 / 973 796 / 973 796 / 987 Imperial Oil Limited Cold Lake 3,203 / 4,377 3,168 / 4,378 3,242 / 4,401 3,306 / 4,400 3,394 / 4,456 3,335 / 4,482 3,273 / 4,507 3,335 / 4,504 3,279 / 4,506 3,279 / 4,507 3,166 / 4,507 3,011 / 4,510 2,954 / 4,507 2,865 / 4,540 Shell Canada Limited Peace River 79 / 115 74 / 115 73 / 115 87 / 115 84 / 115 64 / 115 78 / 115 79 / 115 74 / 117 82 / 117 75 / 117 81 / 117 82 / 117 82 / 117 Southern Pacific Resource Corp. Red Earth 0 / 2 0 / 2 0 / 2 0 / 2 0 / 2 1 / 2 2 / 2 3 / 3 3 / 3 3 / 3 3 / 3 1 / 3 0 / 3 0 / 3 CSS COMMERCIAL PROJECTS & LEGEND Company Project Region Formation Average Reservoir Depth Phase Name Location Capacity (bbls/d) Production Start Baytex Energy Corp. Cliffdale Pilot Peace River Bluesky-Gething 350-375 m Cliffdale Pilot 00-00-084-17W5 1,000 2008 Harmon Valley Pilot Peace River Bluesky-Gething 350-375 m Harmon Valley Pilot 1,000 2010 Canadian Natural Resources Limited Primrose/Wolf Lake South Athabasca, Cold Lake Clearwater, Upper Grand Rapids 450 m Primrose East 00-00-067-03W4 32,000 2008 Primrose North 00-00-068-04W4 30,000 2006 Primrose South 00-00-067-04W4 45,000 1985 Wolf Lake 00-00-065-05W4 13,000 1985 Imperial Oil Limited Cold Lake Cold Lake Clearwater 400 m Phases 1-10 00-00-065-03W4 110,000 1985 Phases 11-13 00-00-064-03W4 30,000 2002 Shell Canada Limited Peace River Peace River Bluesky-Gething 550 m Cadotte Lake 00-00-085-18W5 12,500 1986 Southern Pacific Resource Corp. Red Earth Peace River Bluesky-Gething 350-375 m Pilot 00-00-088-09W5 1,000 2009 SOURCE FOR ALL INFORMATION (EXCEPT WHERE NOTED): ENERGY RESOURCES CONSERVATION BOARD 600,000 500,000 400,000 300,000 200,000 100,000 0 800 600 400 200 0 Barrels per day Barrels per day CSS WATER PRODUCTION RATES (refer to CSS project legend) Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb 2011 2012 PRODUCING OVER 5,000 BARRELS PER DAY THERMAL OPERATIONS PERFORMANCE - JULY 2012 600,000 500,000 400,000 300,000 200,000 100,000 0 1,500 1,200 900 500 300 0 Barrels per day Barrels per day CSS STEAM INJECTION RATES (refer to CSS project legend) Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb 2011 2012 PRODUCING OVER 5,000 BARRELS PER DAY PRODUCING UNDER 5,000 BARRELS PER DAY PRODUCING UNDER 5,000 BARRELS PER DAY 180,000 150,000 120,000 90,000 60,000 30,000 0 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 Barrels per day Barrels per day CSS CRUDE BITUMEN PRODUCTION (refer to CSS project legend) Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb 2011 2012 PRODUCING OVER 5,000 BARRELS PER DAY PRODUCING UNDER 5,000 BARRELS PER DAY 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Barrels of steam injected per barrel of bitumen produced CSS STEAM TO OIL RATIOS (refer to CSS project legend) Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb 2011 2012 PRODUCING OVER 5,000 BARRELS PER DAY PRODUCING UNDER 5,000 BARRELS PER DAY 1.05 0.95 0.75 0.65 0.55 0.45 1,500 1,200 900 500 300 0 CSS WATER TO STEAM RATIOS (refer to CSS project legend) Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb 2011 2012 PRODUCING OVER 5,000 BARRELS PER DAY PRODUCING UNDER 5,000 BARRELS PER DAY Barrels of water used per barrel of bitumen produced Cost per barrel SAGD PROJECT OPERATING COSTS $100.00 $80.00 $60.00 $40.00 $20.00 $0.00 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 2011 2011 2011 2011 2012 Cenovus Energy Inc. Christina Lake Cenovus Energy Inc. Foster Creek Connacher Oil and Gas Limited Great Divide/Algar Husky Energy Inc. Tucker MEG Energy Corp. Christina Lake Nexen Inc. Long Lake Suncor Energy Inc. Firebag & MacKay River 350,000 300,000 250,000 200,000 150,000 100,000 50,000 0 70,000 60,000 50,000 40,000 30,000 20,000 10,000 0 Barrels per day Barrels per day SAGD STEAM INJECTION RATES (refer to SAGD project legend) Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb 2011 2012 PRODUCING OVER 10,000 BARRELS PER DAY PRODUCING UNDER 10,000 BARRELS PER DAY 300,000 250,000 200,000 150,000 100,000 50,000 0 70,000 60,000 50,000 40,000 30,000 20,000 10,000 0 Barrels per day Barrels per day SAGD WATER PRODUCTION RATES (refer to SAGD project legend) Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb 2011 2012 PRODUCING OVER 10,000 BARRELS PER DAY PRODUCING UNDER 10,000 BARRELS PER DAY 140,000 120,000 100,000 80,000 60,000 40,000 20,000 0 10,000 8,000 6,000 4,000 2,000 0 Barrels per day Barrels per day SAGD CRUDE BITUMEN PRODUCTION (refer to SAGD project legend) Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb 2011 2012 PRODUCING OVER 10,000 BARRELS PER DAY PRODUCING UNDER 10,000 BARRELS PER DAY 1.20 1.10 1.00 0.90 0.80 1.50 1.25 1.00 0.75 0.50 0.25 0 SAGD WATER TO STEAM RATIOS (refer to SAGD project legend) Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb 2011 2012 PRODUCING OVER 10,000 BARRELS PER DAY PRODUCING UNDER 10,000 BARRELS PER DAY Barrels of water used per barrel of bitumen produced 14.19 Price per barrel $125.00 $100.00 $75.00 $50.00 $25.00 $0.00 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 2011 2011 2011 2011 2012 COMPANY PRODUCT Cenovus Energy Inc. Christina Lake Foster Creek Connacher Oil and Gas Limited Great Divide/Algar Husky Energy Inc. Tucker MEG Energy Corp. Christina Lake COMPANY PRODUCT Nexen Inc. Long Lake (Premium sweet crude) Suncor Energy Inc. Light sweet crude oil West Texas Intermediate Brent SAGD & CSS THERMAL IN SITU PRODUCT PRICES 10 8 6 4 2 0 10 8 6 4 2 0 SAGD STEAM TO OIL RATIOS (refer to SAGD project legend) Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb 2011 2012 PRODUCING OVER 10,000 BARRELS PER DAY PRODUCING UNDER 10,000 BARRELS PER DAY Barrels of steam injected per barrel of bitumen produced 15.42 32.70 26.33 SOURCE: INDIVIDUAL COMPANY DATA SOURCE: INDIVIDUAL COMPANY DATA The heat from the steam reduces the viscosity of the heavy crude oil or bitumen, which allows it to flow down into the lower wellbore. Gravity allows for crude oil or bitumen and water to collect around the lower wellbore, which allows it to be pumped out to be refined. Production well Injection well STEAM ASSISTED GRAVITY DRAINAGE (SAGD) STEAM ASSISTED GRAVITY DRAINAGE SAGD was originally conceived by Dr. Roger Butler, an engineer for Imperial Oil. Tests, first by Imperial, and later by the now-defunct Alberta Oil Sands Technology and Research Authority (AOSTRA) at its underground test facility in the Athabasca oilsands, proved the feasibility of the concept. Advances in horizontal drilling have allowed for SAGD operations from the surface. Two parallel horizontal oil wells are drilled in the formation. The upper well injects steam, and the lower well collects the water that the results from the condensation of the injected steam and the bitumen. The injected steam heats the heavy oil or bitumen and lowers its viscosity, which allows it to flow down into the lower wellbore. The water and bitumen emulsion is recovered to the surface by several methods such as steam lift, gas lift or by downhole pump. STEAM ASSISTED GRAVITY DRAINAGE (SAGD) STAGE 1 - STEAM INJECTION Steam is injected into the reservoir. STAGE 2 - SOAK PHASE Steam and condensed water heat the viscous oil. STAGE 3 - PRODUCTION Heated oil and water are pumped to the surface. CYCLIC STEAM STIMULATION In Canada, CSS—also known as the “huff and puff” method—was developed by Imperial Oil at Cold Lake in the 1980s. In the same area, it is now also used by Canadian Natural Resources Limited, and a variation of the technology is used by Shell Canada Limited at Peace River. CSS is being piloted by Southern Pacific Resource Corp. at Red Earth and Baytex Energy Corp. at Harmon Valley and Cliffdale. A single well is used to inject high-pressure steam into the reservoir, both to heat the oil and to reduce its viscosity. The pressure dilates the formation, inflating the reservoir. As it cools, the reservoir deflates, providing a drive mechanism. Following injection, the well remains suspended for a required period of time to allow heat to soak into the formation. After the soak phase, the operation of the injector well is reversed to produce the oil. The hot oil is then pumped out of the well using conventional pumpjacks for periods ranging from weeks to months. These three phases together comprise one cycle. Steam is re-injected to begin a new cycle when oil production rates fall below a critical threshold due to the cooling of the reservoir. CYCLIC STEAM STIMULATION (CSS) CYCLIC STEAM STIMULATION (CSS) SOURCE: OIL SANDS DEVELOPERS GROUP SOURCE: JUNEWARREN-NICKLE’S ENERGY GROUP