Basements: Thermal Performance. Performance of Dwellings with Basements

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For more information visit:www.tbic.org.uk

Basements: Thermal PerformancePerformance of dwellings with basements

For more information visit:www.tbic.org.uk



Acknowledgements

This publication is based on a report assessing the thermal performance of dwellings with basements prepared by

the Building Research Establishment (BRE) for The Basement Information Centre (TBIC).

TBIC

would

like

to

extend

its

thanks

to

BRE

for

the

1993

original

report

and

for

this

updated

report.

TBIC

wishes

to

give particular thanks to Tim Ward, Senior Scientist – Thermal performance, BRE East Kilbride for his assistance in

developing our brief and for the extensive and detailed content and calculations in this report. We also extend our

thanks to Brian Anderson, Technical Director, BRE Scotland for formally approving the client report.

The information given in this publication is based on the findings of the BRE report, which has been approved by and

reproduced with the permission of BRE Scotland, in accordance with its copyright procedure. Ref: © BRE client

report number 246814, Commercial in confidence.

BRE Scotland

Kelvin Road

East Kilbride

Glasgow G75 0RZ

T + 44 (0)1355 576200

F + 44 (0)1355 576210

E [email protected]

W www.bre.co.uk

The client report 246814 was made on behalf of BRE. By receiving the report and acting on it, the client – or any third party relying on it – accepts

that no individual is personally liable in contract, tort or breach of statutory duty (including negligence).

A

list

of

members

providing

products

and

services

for

new‐

build,

refurbished

and

retro‐

fit

basements

may

be

found

on The Basement Information Centre’s website www.basements.org.uk, or on www.tbic.org.uk which also lists other

publications and provides more information on the design and construction of basements for dwellings.

Many construction activities are potentially dangerous, so care is needed at all times. Current legislation requires all persons

to consider the effects of their actions or lack of action on the health and safety of themselves and others. Advice on safety

legislation may be obtained from any area offices of the Health and Safety Executive.

TBIC/005 Published by

First

published

1993,

C/17,

©

BCA

The Basement Information Centre

ISBN 0 7210 1450 1 Riverside House

4 Meadows Business Park

This publication 2009 Station Approach, Blackwater

ISBN 978 ‐ 0 ‐ 9557526 ‐ 2 ‐ 9 Camberley, Surrey GU17 9AB

© The Basement Information Centre 2011 T: +33 (0)1276 33155

E : [email protected] www.tbic.org.uk or www.basements.org.uk

All advice or information from the Basement Information Centre is intended for those who will evaluate the significance and limitations of its

contents and take responsibility for its use and application. No liability (including that for negligence) for any loss resulting from such advice or

information

is

accepted.

Readers

should

note

that

all

TBIC

publications

are

subject

to

revision

from

time

to

time

and

should

therefore

ensure

that

they are in possession of the latest version.



THERMAL PERFORMANCE OF DWELLINGS WITH BASEMENTS

CONTENTS PAGE

1 Executive Summary.............................................................................................................................. 1

2 Introduction .............................................................................. ....................................... .................... 1

3 SAP base cases and methodology.......................................................................... .............................. 2

4 Results .............................................................................................. ............................... ..................... 2

5 Conclusions ................................................................................. ................................... ...................... 6

6 References................................................................................................. .................................... ....... 6

Appendix A – SAP calculations .......................................................................... ....................................... 10



Thermal performance of dwellings with basements

1

1. Executive summary

The Building Research Establishment (BRE) was commissioned by The Basement Information Centre (TBIC) to update a

report first prepared in 1993 which assessed the thermal performance of dwellings with basements at that time and

the savings that might be made on the energy consumption for space heating. However, whereas the original report

expressed the savings regarding space heating only, this updated report requires that any savings be expressed with

regard to the total annual energy consumption, where this comprises all the energy uses currently included in the

SAP(1) calculation, namely energy used for space heating, hot water and lighting.

This report considers these potential basement savings for five agreed dwelling types whose plane elements are built to

the Building Regulations for England and Wales and it compares their consumption with the reduced consumption when

these dwelling types are built with both a partial and a full basement respectively, with the same construction for the

basement wall and basement floor as that for the walls and ground floor of the non ‐ basement forms. Increased

airtightness for the dwellings with basements has been taken into account in the calculations by assuming basement

walls

and

floor

to

be

completely

sealed,

although

in

practice

most

basement

levels

will

have

some

air

leakage.

Constructing dwellings with the lowest floor as a full or partial basement rather than as a ground floor does save

energy. The level of saving on overall energy is on average about 5%; nevertheless, the savings that can be made with

basement forms could allow a particular dwelling to more readily meet the thermal regulations and also improve its

energy performance rating as well as reduce its CO2 emissions. The level of saving on energy required for heating

averages about 8.5%, and approaches around 10% for a fully below ‐ ground basement under a two ‐ storey house

compared to its three ‐ storey equivalent above ground, and rises to around 14% for a full basement under a single ‐

storey property compared to its two ‐ storey equivalent above ground.

2. Introduction

BRE was commissioned by TBIC to update the first edition of this publication published in 1993 which assessed the

thermal performance of dwellings with basements at that time and the savings that might be made on the energy

consumption for space heating. However, whereas the original report expressed the savings regarding space heating

only, this updated report requires that any savings be expressed with regard to the total annual energy consumption,

where this comprises all the energy uses currently included in the SAP(1) calculation, namely energy used for space

heating, hot water and lighting.

This report considers these potential basement savings for five agreed dwelling types whose plane elements are built

to the Building Regulations for England and Wales and it compares their consumption with the reduced consumption

when these dwelling types are built with a partial and a full basement respectively, with the same construction for the

basement wall and basement floor as that for the walls and ground floor of the non ‐ basement forms. Increased

airtightness for the dwellings with basements has been taken into account in the calculations by assuming basement

walls and floor to be completely sealed, although in practice most basements will have some windows with some air

leakage. Some dwelling types had additional variants where the window area for the basement was reduced from 15%

of the floor area to a fifteenth (6.67%) of the floor area. Figure 1 shows the six dwelling types and their variants and

Table 1 shows the basic information on the built form and size of each dwelling type.




2

3. SAP base cases and methodology

The base cases for each dwelling type were put through a SAP calculation where, with the exception of the different

dwelling sizes and fabric U‐ values, all other parameters such as heating system and controls, hot water and lighting

were all fixed. For each different dwelling above ground (the base cases), the U‐ values of the building elements (wall,

roof and floor) were chosen such that the dwelling just passed the CO2 emissions target and of course passed the other

regulatory requirements. The SAP results (total annual energy consumption and total CO2 consumption per year per m²

floor area) and summary input data for each ‘base’ dwelling type are given in Appendix A. The method of comparing

the dwelling to that built as a partial or as a full basement was to redo the SAP calculations with the introduction (as

appropriate) of a basement wall and a basement floor where their construction was as above ground but where their

U‐ values were modified as a consequence of the surrounding soil. Airtightness for the construction below ground was

considered to be zero, with the overall airtightness for the dwelling, when built as a partial or full basement, using

weighted airtightness reduction factors. The airtightness for the dwelling above ground was taken to be 7.0 m³/h · m²

at 50 Pa. The reduction in U‐ value and the improvement in airtightness result in reduced total energy consumption and

hence reduced total CO2 emissions for the partial and full basement variants for each of the dwellings. The U values of

the

basement

floor

and

walls

was

determined

by

use

of

BS

EN

ISO

6946

(2)

and

BS

EN

ISO

13370

(3)

.

4. Results

Table 2 summarises the dwelling information and gives the total energy consumption for the various dwellings above

ground, built as a partial basement and built as a full basement respectively. The savings in total annual energy

consumption and the corresponding reduction in CO2 emissions achieved when a dwelling is built as a partial or full

basement are given in Table 3

Looking at the reduction in total annual energy consumption, the larger percentage reductions occur, as would be

expected, with the full basements, where this ranged from –3.7% for the three ‐ storey mid ‐ terrace (MTF) to –7.2% for

the two ‐ storey detached house (D1F) with the same floor area. Reducing the basement window area serves to further

reduce the energy consumption by about 1%. The partial basements save less energy, where the reduction ranges

from –2.6% for the three ‐ storey mid ‐ terrace (MTP) to –3.6% for the three ‐ storey detached house with the same floor

area (D4P). For the partial basement build of the three ‐ storey detached house (D2P), reducing the basement window

area further reduces the energy consumption by 0.7%, which is a little less than that for full basements.




3

Figure 1: Dwelling types and the basement and window variations covered

Table 1: Built form and size of the chosen dwelling types

Dwelling

type

Description No.

of

storeys

Floor

dimensions

(m × m)

Total floor

area

(m²)

% total

window

area

Total

window

area

(m²)

Exposed

floor

perimeter

(m)

Gross wall

area

(m²)

D1 Two ‐ storey detached 2 7.6 7.3 110.96 15.00% 16.64 29.80 149.00

D1BW15

As D1 but with a

reduced area of

basement window of

6.67%

10.84% 12.02

D2 Three ‐ storey detached 3 7.6 7.3 166.44 15.00% 24.97 29.80 223.50

D2BW15

As D2 but with a

reduced area of

basement window of

6.67%

12.22%

20.34

D3 Two ‐ storey detached 2 7.6 10.95 166.44 15.00% 24.97 37.10 185.50

D4 Three ‐ storey detached 3 5.0667 7.3 110.96 15.00% 16.64 24.73 185.50

MT

Three ‐ storey mid ‐

terrace

3 5.0667 7.3 110.96 15.00% 16.64 14.60 109.50

Grd

Bsmnt

Bsmnt+Wdw 1/15 Wdw 1/15

Detached Detached Detached Detached Detached Terraced Wdw 1/15

All wdw

1/15

All wdw

1/15

All wdw

1/15

Bmnt wdw1/15 Full 2.5 m

1.5 mSemi

D1

D1F

BW15

D1F

D2

D3

D4 MT

MTP

MTF

D4P

D4FD3F

D2

D2F

BW15

Plus Basement windows 1/15for D2P and D2F




4

Table 2: Summary of dwelling information and total energy consumption

Dwelling above ground

Dwelling

type

Description

Floor

dimensions

(m × m)

Total

floor

area

(m²)

% total

window area

Total

window

area

(m²)

Exposed

floor

perimeter

(m)

Gross

wall

area

(m²)

U wall

(W/m²K)

U floor

(W/m²K)

Total energy

consumption

(kWh)

D1

Two ‐ storey

detached

7.6 7.3 110.96 15.00% 16.64 29.80 149.00 0.3 0.2 11,182

D1BW15 10.84% 12.02

D2

Three ‐ storey

detached

7.6 7.3 166.44 15.00% 24.97 29.80 223.50 0.3 0.2 14,767

D2BW15 12.22% 20.34

D3 Two‐

storey

detached

7.6 10.95 166.44 15.00% 24.97 37.10 185.50 0.3 0.19 14,766

D4

Three ‐ storey

detached

5.0667 7.3 110.96 15.00% 16.64 24.73 185.50 0.3 0.21 11,427

MT

Three ‐ storey

mid ‐ terrace

5.0667 7.3 110.96 15.00% 16.64 14.60 109.50 0.28 0.19 9688

Partial basement – depth 1.5 m

Dwelling

type

Description

Partial

basement

variants

Airtightness

reduction

factor

Basement

wall

depth

(m)

Basement

wall area

(m²)

% basement

window area

Ub wall

(W/m²K)

Ub floor

(W/m²K)

Total energy

consumption

(kWh)

D2 Three‐

storey

detached D2P 0.80 1.5 44.7 15.00% 0.22 0.18 14,348

D2PBW15 0.80 1.5 44.7 6.67% 0.22 0.18 14,253

D4

Three ‐ storey

detached

D4P 0.80 1.5 37.10 15.00% 0.22 0.19 11,017

MT

Three ‐ storey

mid ‐ terrace

MTP 0.80 1.5 21.9 15.00% 0.21 0.17 9433

Full basement – depth 2.5 m

Dwelling

type

Description

Full

basement

variants

Airtightness

reduction

factor

Basement

wall depth

(m)

Basement

wall area

(m²)

%

basement

window area

Ub

wall

(W/m²K)

Ub

floor

(W/m²K)

Total

energy

consumption (kWh)

D1

Two ‐ storey

detached

D1F 0.56 2.22 66.18 15.00% 0.2 0.18 10,520

D1FBW15 0.52 2.38 70.80 6.67% 0.2 0.18 10,380

D2

Three ‐ storey

detached

D2F 0.70 2.22 66.18 15.00% 0.2 0.18 14,110

D2FBW15 0.68 2.38 70.80 6.67% 0.2 0.18 13,975

D3

Two ‐ storey

detached

D3F 0.57 2.16 80.27 15.00% 0.2 0.17 13,814

D4

Three ‐ storey

detached

D4F 0.70 2.28 56.29 15.00% 0.2 0.18 10,902

MT

Three ‐ storey

mid‐

terrace

MTF 0.72 2.12 30.95 15.00% 0.19 0.17 9327




5

Table 3: Total annual energy consumption and reduction in CO2 emissions achieved for the build as a partial or full basement

Dwelling type Description

Total floor

area (m²)

% basement

window

Total energy

consumption

(kWh)

% energy

reduction

% CO2

reduction

D1 Two ‐ storey detached 110.96 11,182 – –

D1F Full basement (2.5 m) 15.00% 10,520 5.9% 5.6%

D1FBW15 6.67% 10,380 7.2% 6.2%

D2 Three ‐ storey detached 166.44 14,767 – –

D2P Partial basement (1.5 m) 15.00% 14,348 2.8% 2.7%

D2PBW15 6.67% 14,253 3.5% 2.9%


D2FBW15 Full basement (2.5 m) 6.67% 13,975 5.4% 4.7%

D3 Two ‐ storey detached 166.44 14,766 – –


D4 Three ‐ storey detached 110.96 11,427 – –

D4P Partial basement (1.5 m) 15.00% 11,017 3.6% 2.7%


MT Three ‐ storey mid ‐ terrace 110.96 9688 – –

MTP Partial basement (1.5 m) 15.00% 9433 2.6% 2.4%

MTF Full basement (2.5 m) 15.00% 9327 3.7% 3.5%




6

5. Conclusions Constructing dwellings with the lowest floor as a full or partial basement rather than as a ground floor does save energy.

The

level

of

savings

depends

on

whether

or

not

the

basement

is

full

or

partial

and

the

proportion

of

the

dwelling

below

ground (e.g. a two ‐ storey dwelling leads to a higher saving than a three ‐ storey dwelling with the same footprint) and the

amount of glazing in the basement. The level of total saving is on average about 5%; nevertheless, the savings that can

be made with basement forms could allow a particular dwelling to more readily meet the thermal regulations and also

improve its energy performance rating as well as reduce its CO2 emissions. The level of saving on energy required for

heating averages about 8.5% and approaches around 10% for a fully below ‐ ground basement under a two ‐ storey house

compared to its three ‐ storey equivalent above ground, and rises to around 14% for a full basement under a single ‐ storey

property compared to its two ‐ storey eq uivalent above ground.

6. References

1. Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs. SAP 2005. The Government’s Standard Assessment Procedure for Energy Rating of Dwellings. 2005 edition . Available from: www.bre.co.uk/sap2005.

2. British Standards Institution. BS EN ISO 6946, Building components and building elements – Thermal resistance and thermal transmittance – Calculation method. BSI, London, 1997.

3. British Standards Institution. BS EN ISO 13370 – Thermal performance of buildings – Heat transfer through the ground . BSI, London, 1998.

4. Anderson, B. Conventions for U‐value calculations. BRE Report 443 (2006 edition). Available from:

www.bre.co.uk/uvalues.




10

Appendix A – SAP calculations

This appendix contains the detailed results of the SAP(1) calculations for the base dwellings built above ground and

the house variations incorporating a basement (calculated by program Bresap version 4.40

The following shows:

SAP WORKSHEETS FOR DWELLINGS AS DESIGNED

CALCULATION OF DWELLING EMISSIONS FOR REGULATIONS COMPLIANCE In accordance with Approved Document L1A, 2006 edition.




11

SAP WORKSHEET FOR DWELLING:

D1 Above ground

1. Overall dwelling dimensions Area Avge. storey Volume

(m²) height (m) (m³)

Ground

floor

55.48

2.50

138.70

(1)

First floor 55.48 2.50 138.70 (2)

Total floor area 110.96 (5)

Dwelling volume (m³) 277.40 (6)

2. Ventilation rate m³ per hour

Number of chimneys 0 × 40 0 (7)

Number of flues 0 × 20 0 (8)

Number of fans or passive vents 3 × 10 30 (9)

Number of flueless gas fires 0 × 40 0 (9a)

ach

Infiltration due to chimneys, flues and fans 0.11 (10)

Pressure test Yes

Measured/design q50 7.0

Infiltration rate 0.46 (19)

Number of sides sheltered 2 (20)

Shelter factor 0.85 (21)

Adjusted infiltration rate 0.39 (22)

Natural ventilation

Effective air change rate 0.58 (25)

3. Heat losses and heat loss parameter Area U‐ value A × U

Element (m²) (W/m²K) (W/K)

Doors 3.80 2.00 7.60 (26)

Windows 16.64 (2.00) 1.85 30.81 (27)

Ground floor 55.48 0.20 11.10 (28)

Walls 128.56 0.30 38.57 (29)

Roof 55.48 0.16 8.88 (30)

Total area of elements 259.96 (32)

Fabric heat loss 96.96 (33)

Thermal bridges (0.08 × total area) 20.80 (34)

Total fabric heat loss 117.75 (35)

Ventilation heat loss 52.71 (36)

Heat loss coefficient 170.46 (37)

Heat loss parameter (HLP) 1.54 (38)

4. Water heating energy requirements kWh/year

Energy content of heated water 2236 (39)

Distribution loss 395 (40)

Cylinder volume 150 (43)

Cylinder loss factor (kWh/litre/day) 0.0152 (44)

Volume factor 0.928 (44a)

Temperature factor 0.54 (44b)

Energy lost from cylinder in kWh/year (150 litres) 417 (47)

Primary circuit loss 360 (48)

Total 3408 (49a)

Solar input 0 (50)

Output from water heater 3408 (51)

Heat gains from water heating 1496 (52)




12

5. Internal gains Watts

Lights, appliances, cooking and metabolic 627 (53)

Reduction in lighting gains –24 (53a)

Additional gains (Table 5a) 10 (53b)

Water heating 171 (54)

Total internal gains 784 (55)

6. Solar gains

Orientation Area Flux g FF Shading Gains (W)

East–West 0.9 × 16.64 48 0.66 0.70 0.77 256 (58)

total: 256 (65)

Total gains 1040 (66)

Gain/loss ratio 6.10 (67)

Utilisation factor 0.948 (68)

Useful gains 986 (69)

7. Mean internal temperature °C

Mean temperature of the living area 18.88 (70)

Temperature adjustment from Table 4e 0.00 (71)

Adjustment for gains 0.36 (72)

Adjusted living area temperature 19.23 (73)

Temperature difference between zones 1.50 (74)

Living area fraction 0.270 (75)

Rest ‐ of ‐ house area fraction 0.730 (76)

Mean internal temperature 18.14 (77)

8. Degree ‐ days

Temperature rise from gains 5.78 (78)

Base temperature 12.36 (79)

Degree ‐ days 1420.8 (80)

9a. Energy requirements kWh/year

Space heating requirement (useful) 5813 (81)

Fraction of heat from secondary system 0.10 (82)

(assumed for the calculation)

Efficiency of main heating system 90.6 (83)

Efficiency of secondary heating system 100 (84)

Space heating fuel (main) 5774 (85)

Space heating fuel (secondary) 581 (85a)

Water heating requirement 3408

Efficiency of water heater 90.6 (86)

Water heating fuel 3762 (86a)

Electricity

for

pumps

and

fans

175

(87)

(heating pump 130, flue fan 45)

Electricity for lighting (30% fixed LEL) 890 (87g)

10a and 11a do not apply

12a. Carbon dioxide emissions Energy Emission Emissions

(kWh/year) factor (kg/year)

Space heating, main – box (85) 5774 0.194 1120 (101)

Space heating, secondary – box (85a) 581 0.422 245 (102)

Water heating – box (86a) 3762 0.194 730 (103)

Space and water heating 2095 (107)

Pumps

and

fans

–

box

(87)

175

0.422

74

(108)

Electricity for lighting 890 0.422 376 (109)

Total kg/year 2545 (112)

kg/m²/year

Dwelling carbon dioxide emission rate (DER) 22.93 (113)




13

SAP 2005 WORKSHEET FOR DWELLING:

D1FBW15 Full basement 6.67% window



Ground

floor

55.48

2.50

138.70

(1)

First floor 55.48 2.50 138.70 (2)








ach


Pressure test Yes






Natural ventilation




Doors 3.80 2.00 7.60 (26)

Windows 12.02 (2.00) 1.85 22.26 (27)

Ground floor 55.48 0.18 9.99 (28)

Walls (1) 62.38 0.30 18.71 (29)

Walls (2) 70.80 0.20 14.16 (29)

Roof 55.48 0.16 8.88 (30)

















Total 3408 (49a)

Solar input 0 (50)


Heat

gains

from

water

heating

1496

(52)




14







6. Solar gains


East–West 0.9 × 12.02 48 0.66 0.70 0.77 185 (58)

total: 185 (65)














8. Degree ‐ days















Electricity

for

pumps

and

fans

175

(87)










Pumps and fans – box (87) 175 0.422 74 (108)



kg/m²/year





15


D2 Above ground



Ground

floor

55.48

2.50

138.70

(1)

First floor 55.48 2.50 138.70 (2)

Second floor 55.48 2.50 138.70 (3)



2. Ventilation rate

m³ per hour





ach


Pressure test Yes






Natural ventilation


3. Heat losses and heat loss parameter

Area U‐ value A × U


Doors 3.80 2.00 7.60 (26)

Windows 24.97 (2.00) 1.85 46.24 (27)

Ground floor 55.48 0.20 11.10 (28)

Walls 194.73 0.30 58.42 (29)

Roof 55.48 0.16 8.88 (30)








4. Water heating energy requirements

kWh/year









Total

4133

(49a)

Solar input 0 (50)






16







6. Solar gains


East–West 0.9 × 24.97 48 0.66 0.70 0.77 384 (58)

total: 384 (65)







Temperature

adjustment

from

Table

4e

0.00

(71)







8. Degree ‐ days













Efficiency of water hea ter 90.6 (86)


Electricity for pumps and fans 175 (87)











Electricity

for

lighting

1335

0.422

563

(109)


kg/m²/year





17


D2F Full basement 15% window



Ground

floor

55.48

2.50

138.70

(1)

First floor 55.48 2.50 138.70 (2)

Second floor 55.48 2.50 138.70 (3)



2. Ventilation rate

m³ per hour





ach


Pressure test Yes






Natural ventilation


3. Heat losses and heat loss parameter

Area U‐ value A × U


Doors 3.80 2.00 7.60 (26)

Windows 24.97 (2.00) 1.85 46.24 (27)

Ground floor 55.48 0.18 9.99 (28)

Walls (1) 128.55 0.30 38.57 (29)

Walls (2) 66.18 0.20 13.24 (29)

Roof 55.48 0.16 8.88 (30)








4. Water heating energy requirements

kWh/year








Primary

circuit

loss

360

(48)

Total 4133 (49a)

Solar input 0 (50)






18







6. Solar gains


East–West 0.9 ×24.97 48 0.66 0.70 0.77 384 (58)

total: 384 (65)







Temperature

adjustment

from

Table

4e

0.00

(71)







8. Degree ‐ days


























Electricity

for

lighting

1335

0.422

563

(109)


kg/m²/year





19


D2FBW15 Full basement 6.67% window



Ground

floor

55.48

2.50

138.70

(1)

First floor 55.48 2.50 138.70 (2)

Second floor 55.48 2.50 138.70 (3)








ach


Pressure test Yes






Natural ventilation




Doors 3.80 2.00 7.60 (26)

Windows 20.34 (2.00) 1.85 37.67 (27)

Ground floor 55.48 0.18 9.99 (28)

Walls (1) 128.56 0.30 38.57 (29)

Walls (2) 70.80 0.20 14.16 (29)

Roof 55.48 0.16 8.88 (30)

















Total 4133 (49a)

Solar input 0 (50)

Output

from

water

heater

4133

(51)





20







6. Solar gains


East–West 0.9 × 20.34 48 0.66 0.70 0.77 313 (58)

total: 313 (65)







Temperature

adjustment

from

Table

4e

0.00

(71)







8. Degree ‐ days


























Electricity

for

lighting

1396

0.422

589

(109)


kg/m²/year





21


D2P Partial basement 15% window



Ground

floor

55.48

2.50

138.70

(1)

First floor 55.48 2.50 138.70 (2)

Second floor 55.48 2.50 138.70 (3)








ach


Pressure test Yes






Natural ventilation




Doors 3.80 2.00 7.60 (26)

Windows 24.97 (2.00) 1.85 46.24 (27)

Ground floor 55.48 0.18 9.99 (28)

Walls (1) 150.03 0.30 45.01 (29)

Walls (2) 44.70 0.22 9.83 (29)

Roof 55.48 0.16 8.88 (30)

















Total 4133 (49a)

Solar input 0 (50)

Output

from

water

heater

4133

(51)





22







6. Solar gains


East–West 0.9 × 24.97 48 0.66 0.70 0.77 384 (58)

total: 384 (65)







Temperature

adjustment

from

Table

4e

0.00

(71)







8. Degree ‐ days




























kg/m²/year





23


D2PBW15 Partial basement 6.67% window



Ground

floor

55.48

2.50

138.70

(1)

First floor 55.48 2.50 138.70 (2)

Second floor 55.48 2.50 138.70 (3)








ach


Pressure test Yes






Natural ventilation




Doors 3.80 2.00 7.60 (26)

Windows 20.34 (2.00) 1.85 37.67 (27)

Ground floor 55.48 0.18 9.99 (28)

Walls (1) 154.66 0.30 46.40 (29)

Walls (2) 44.70 0.22 9.83 (29)

Roof 55.48 0.16 8.88 (30)

















Total 4133 (49a)

Solar input 0 (50)

Output

from

water

heater

4133

(51)





24







6. Solar gains


East–West 0.9 × 20.34 48 0.66 0.70 0.77 313 (58)

total: 313 (65)







Temperature

adjustment

from

Table

4e

0.00

(71)







8. Degree ‐ days


























Electricity

for

lighting

1396

0.422

589

(109)


kg/m²/year





25


D3 Above ground



Ground

floor

83.22

2.50

208.05

(1)

First floor 83.22 2.50 208.05 (2)








ach


Pressure test Yes






Natural ventilation




Doors 3.80 2.00 7.60 (26)

Windows 24.97 (2.00) 1.85 46.24 (27)

Ground floor 83.22 0.20 16.64 (28)

Walls 156.73 0.30 47.02 (29)

Roof 83.22 0.16 13.32 (30)

















Total 4133 (49a)

Solar input 0 (50)






26







6. Solar gains


East–West 0.9 × 24.97 48 0.66 0.70 0.77 384 (58)

total: 384 (65)







Temperature

adjustment

from

Table

4e

0.00

(71)







8. Degree ‐ days


























Electricity

for

lighting

1335

0.422

563

(109)


kg/m²/year





27





Ground

floor

83.22

2.50

208.05

(1)

First floor 83.22 2.50 208.05 (2)



2. Ventilation rate

m³ per hour





ach


Pressure test Yes






Natural ventilation




Doors 3.80 2.00 7.60 (26)

Windows 24.97 (2.00) 1.85 46.24 (27)

Ground floor 83.22 0.17 14.15 (28)

Walls (1) 73.51 0.30 22.05 (29)

Walls (2) 80.27 0.20 16.05 (29)

Roof 83.22 0.16 13.32 (30)

















Total 4133 (49a)

Solar input 0 (50)

Output

from

water

heater

4133

(51)





28







6. Solar gains


East–West 0.9 × 24.97 48 0.66 0.70 0.77 384 (58)

total: 384 (65)







Temperature

adjustment

from

Table

4e

0.00

(71)







8. Degree ‐ days




























kg/m²/year





29


D4 Above ground



Ground

floor

36.99

2.50

92.48

(1)

First floor 36.99 2.50 92.48 (2)

Second floor 36.99 2.50 92.48 (3)








ach


Pressure test Yes






Natural ventilation




Doors 3.80 2.00 7.60 (26)

Windows 16.64 (2.00) 1.85 30.81 (27)

Ground floor 36.99 0.20 7.40 (28)

Walls 165.06 0.30 49.52 (29)

Roof 36.99 0.16 5.92 (30)

















Total 3408 (49a)

Solar input 0 (50)


Heat

gains

from

water

heating

1496

(52)




30







6. Solar gains


East–West 0.9 × 16.64 48 0.66 0.70 0.77 256 (58)

total: 256 (65)







Temperature

adjustment

from

Table

4e

0.00

(71)







8. Degree ‐ days


























Electricity

for

lighting

890

0.422

376

(109)


kg/m²/year





31



1. Overall dwelling dimensions Area Av. storey Volume


Ground

floor

36.99

2.50

92.48

(1)

First floor 36.99 2.50 92.48 (2)

Second floor 36.99 2.50 92.48 (3)








ach


Pressure test Yes






Natural ventilation




Doors 3.80 2.00 7.60 (26)

Windows 16.64 (2.00) 1.85 30.81 (27)

Ground floor 36.99 0.18 6.66 (28)

Walls (1) 108.77 0.30 32.63 (29)

Walls (2) 56.29 0.20 11.26 (29)

Roof 36.99 0.16 5.92 (30)

















Total 3408 (49a)

Solar input 0 (50)

Output

from

water

heater

3408

(51)





32







6. Solar gains


East–West 0.9 × 16.64 48 0.66 0.70 0.77 256 (58)

total: 256 (65)







Temperature

adjustment

from

Table

4e

0.00

(71)







8. Degree ‐ days


























Electricity

for

lighting

890

0.422

376

(109)


kg/m²/year





33


D4P Partial basement 15% window



Ground

floor

36.99

2.50

92.48

(1)

First floor 36.99 2.50 92.48 (2)

Second floor 36.99 2.50 92.48 (3)








ach


Pressure test Yes






Natural ventilation




Doors 3.80 2.00 7.60 (26)

Windows 11.10 (2.00) 1.85 20.56 (27)

Ground floor 36.99 0.19 7.03 (28)

Walls (1) 133.50 0.30 40.05 (29)

Walls (2) 37.10 0.22 8.16 (29)

Roof 36.99 0.16 5.92 (30)

















Total 3408 (49a)

Solar input 0 (50)

Output

from

water

heater

3408

(51)





34







6. Solar gains


East–West 0.9 × 11.10 48 0.66 0.70 0.77 171 (58)

total: 171 (65)







Temperature

adjustment

from

Table

4e

0.00

(71)







8. Degree ‐ days


























Electricity

for

lighting

972

0.422

410

(109)


kg/m²/year





35


MT Above ground



Ground

floor

36.99

2.50

92.48

(1)

First floor 36.99 2.50 92.48 (2)

Second floor 36.99 2.50 92.48 (3)








ach


Pressure test Yes






Natural ventilation




Doors 3.80 2.00 7.60 (26)

Windows 16.64 (2.00) 1.85 30.81 (27)

Ground floor 36.99 0.20 7.40 (28)

Walls 89.06 0.28 24.94 (29)

Roof 36.99 0.16 5.92 (30)

















Total 3408 (49a)

Solar input 0 (50)


Heat

gains

from

water

heating

1496

(52)




36







6. Solar gains


East–West 0.9 × 16.64 48 0.66 0.70 0.77 256 (58)

total: 256 (65)







Temperature

adjustment

from

Table

4e

0.00

(71)







8. Degree ‐ days


























Electricity

for

lighting

890

0.422

376

(109)


kg/m²/year





37


MTF 15% window



Ground

floor

36.99

2.50

92.48

(1)

First floor 36.99 2.50 92.48 (2)

Second floor 36.99 2.50 92.48 (3)








ach


Pressure test Yes






Natural ventilation




Doors 3.80 2.00 7.60 (26)

Windows 16.64 (2.00) 1.85 30.81 (27)

Ground floor 36.99 0.17 6.29 (28)

Walls (1) 58.11 0.28 16.27 (29)

Walls (2) 30.95 0.19 5.88 (29)

Roof 36.99 0.16 5.92 (30)

















Total 3408 (49a)

Solar input 0 (50)

Output

from

water

heater

3408

(51)





38







6. Solar gains


East–West 0.9 × 16.64 48 0.66 0.70 0.77 256 (58)

total: 256 (65)














8. Degree ‐ days















Electricity

for

pumps

and

fans

175

(87)













kg/m²/year





39


MTP 15% window



Ground

floor

36.99

2.50

92.48

(1)

First floor 36.99 2.50 92.48 (2)

Second floor 36.99 2.50 92.48 (3)








ach


Pressure test Yes






Natural ventilation




Doors 3.80 2.00 7.60 (26)

Windows 16.64 (2.00) 1.85 30.81 (27)

Ground floor 36.99 0.17 6.29 (28)

Walls (1) 67.16 0.28 18.80 (29)

Walls (2) 21.90 0.21 4.60 (29)

Roof 36.99 0.16 5.92 (30)

















Total 3408 (49a)

Solar input 0 (50)

Output

from

water

heater

3408

(51)






The Basement Information CentreRiverside House4 Meadows Business Park Station Approach, BlackwaterCamberley, Surrey GU17 9AB

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Basements: Thermal Performance. Performance of Dwellings with Basements

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