The World Wide Web 1. Structure for the Internet The Internet is organized around four network access points (NAPs). A different company operates each.

The World Wide Web

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Structure for the Internet

• The Internet is organized around four network access points (NAPs).

• A different company operates each of these NAPs.

• These companies sell access to the Internet through their NAPs to organizations and businesses.

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Structure of the InternetNetwork Access Points On The Internet Backbone

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How the Internet WorksWhat is an Internet service provider (ISP)?

• A business that has a permanent Internet connection

• Provides temporary connections to individuals and companies for free or for a fee

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How the Internet WorksHow can you connect to the Internet?

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High speed connection• Employees• Computers part of a local area network (LAN)• Connect to service provider through a high-speed connection

line leased from local telephone company

Dial-up access• Home or small business

• Computer, modem, regular telephone line

• Dial into an ISP or OSP

Newer high-speed technologies• Home and small business

• Digital subscriber line (DSL) – provides high-speed Internet connections over regular copper telephone line

• Cable modem- provides high-speed Internet connections through cable television network

How the Internet WorksWhat is an Internet protocol (IP) address?• Number that uniquely identifies each computer or device

connected to the Internet• Four groups of numbers, each separated by a period• Number in each group is between 0 and 255

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IP address 199.95.72.10

first part identifies network

last part identifies specific

computer

Tim Berners-Lee

• Created the World Wide Web

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Director of the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) at MIT

How the Internet WorksWhat is a domain name?• Text version of an IP address• Components are separated by periods• Each domain name represents one or more IP addresses

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IP address 199.95.72.10

Domain name www.scsite.com

How the Internet WorksWhat is a top-level domain (TLD) abbreviation?• Identifies the type of organization associated with the

domain• Sometimes called dot com when TLD is com

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TLD Abbreviation Type of DomainCom Commercial organizations,

businesses, and companies

Edu Educational institutions

Gov Government agencies

Mil Military organizations

Net Network provider

Org Non-profit organizations

The World Wide WebWhat is a Uniform Resource Locator (URL)?

• Unique address for a Web page• Browser retrieves a Web page by using the URL• Also called a Web address• Type the URL into the address text box on the browser and press

the Enter key to display a Web page

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http://www.nationalgeographic.com/travel/index.html

address text box

address text box

The World Wide WebWhat are the parts of a URL?

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protocol domain name path

Click to view Web Linkthen click URLs

http://www.nationalgeographic.com/travel/index.html

History of the InternetWho controls the Internet?• The Internet is a public, cooperative, and independent

network• No single entity controls or owns the Internet• Several organizations advise and define standards

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World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)

• Oversees research and sets standards and guidelines

Internet2 (I2)

• Internet-related research and development project

• Develops and tests advanced Internet technologies

The World Wide WebWhat is the World Wide Web (WWW)?• Also known as the Web• A worldwide collection of electronic documents• Each document on the Web is called a Web page• Can contain text, graphics, sound, and video• Can contain built-in connections to other documents• A Web site is a collection of related Web pages

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The World Wide WebWhat is a Web browser?• Also called a browser

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Software program that allows you to access and view Web pages

Two popular browsers for personal computers• Chrome

• Internet Explorerp. 2.9 Fig. 2-6

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The World Wide WebWhat is downloading?

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The process of receiving information, such as a Web page, onto your computer

from a server on the Internet

Can take from a few seconds to several minutes

You can speed up the display of pages by turning off the graphics and displaying only

text in most Web browsers

The World Wide WebWhat is a hyperlink?

• Also called a link• Built-in connection to

another related Web page or part of a Web page

• Allows you to obtain information in a nonlinear way

The World Wide WebWhat is a search engine?• A software program you can use to find Web sites,

Web pages and Internet files

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Search text

A word or phrase entered in the search

engine’s text box

Also called keywords

Spider

A program that reads pages on Web sites in

order to find Web pages that contain the

search text

Also called a crawler or bot

25 Facts About WWW

Quiz Monday

Topics:

•Internet•Networking•Protocols

Sources:

•Blown to Bits reading•Definitions packet•Chapters 15 and 16 of textbook•Documents and powerpoints posted on website•TCP/IP OSI foldable

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Format:

T/F, MC, Short answer, Long answer

• a contagious idea 7 min• https://

www.youtube.com/watch?v=IaypOoVhqWc

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