The West

The WestThe West

Chapter 18: pg. 544 - 571Chapter 18: pg. 544 - 571

Chapter 18 Section 1Chapter 18 Section 1

◊ Pg. 546 - 552◊ Main objectives:

• Identify the animals the Plains Indians used, and why they were important

• Explain the causes and the results of the conflicts between Indians and American settlers in the west

• Determine how the reservation system and the Dawes Act changed the Indian way of life

◊ Pg. 546 - 552◊ Main objectives:

• Identify the animals the Plains Indians used, and why they were important

• Explain the causes and the results of the conflicts between Indians and American settlers in the west

• Determine how the reservation system and the Dawes Act changed the Indian way of life

General outline for lecture - box notesGeneral outline for lecture - box notes

The Wars for the West

1. The Plains Indians

2. War on the Plains

3. U.S. War with the Sioux4. Indians in Southwestand Far West

5. Policy and Protest

General outline - double-entry notesGeneral outline - double-entry notesThe Plains Indians

Vocabulary and supporting points go here

War on the Plains

U.S. War with the Sioux

Indians in Southwest and Far West

Policy and Protest

The Plains IndiansThe Plains Indians

◊ Included Apache, Arapaho, Cheyenne, Comanche, Pawnee, and Sioux

◊ Used horses to hunt buffalo

◊ Treaty of Fort Laramie• Whites get right of passage, forts

• Indians’ land rights recognized

◊ Included Apache, Arapaho, Cheyenne, Comanche, Pawnee, and Sioux

◊ Used horses to hunt buffalo

◊ Treaty of Fort Laramie• Whites get right of passage, forts

• Indians’ land rights recognized

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War on the PlainsWar on the Plains

◊ Reservations - areas of land set aside for Indians

◊ Conflicts• Sand Creek Massacre• Sioux and Crazy Horse against U.S.

• Close down Bozeman Trail

◊ Treaty of Medicine Lodge• Some Indians agreed to move to reservations

• Many resisted - surrendered when the lost access to food

◊ Reservations - areas of land set aside for Indians

◊ Conflicts• Sand Creek Massacre• Sioux and Crazy Horse against U.S.

• Close down Bozeman Trail

◊ Treaty of Medicine Lodge• Some Indians agreed to move to reservations

• Many resisted - surrendered when the lost access to food

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U.S. War with the SiouxU.S. War with the Sioux◊ Conflict over gold

• George Custer’s troops discover gold

• Sitting Bull and Sioux refuse to leave

◊ Battle of Little Bighorn

◊ Ghost Dance• Religious movement

◊ Massacre at Wounded Knee• U.S. troops massacre unarmed Indians in camp

◊ Conflict over gold• George Custer’s troops discover gold

• Sitting Bull and Sioux refuse to leave

◊ Battle of Little Bighorn

◊ Ghost Dance• Religious movement

◊ Massacre at Wounded Knee• U.S. troops massacre unarmed Indians in camp

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Indians in Southwest and Far WestIndians in Southwest and Far West◊ Navajo and Nez Perce forced onto reservations

◊ Geronimo and the Apache refused to surrender• Large force of troops pursues him, forces surrender

◊ Navajo and Nez Perce forced onto reservations

◊ Geronimo and the Apache refused to surrender• Large force of troops pursues him, forces surrender

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Policy and ProtestPolicy and Protest

◊ Reservation life was bad• Agents stole food and supplies

• Land not good for farming or hunting

◊ Sarah Winnemucca lectured on reservation system

◊ Dawes Act of 1887• Divided reservations into farms

• Indians lost much of their land

◊ Reservation life was bad• Agents stole food and supplies

• Land not good for farming or hunting

◊ Sarah Winnemucca lectured on reservation system

◊ Dawes Act of 1887• Divided reservations into farms

• Indians lost much of their land

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Chapter 18 Section 2Chapter 18 Section 2

◊ Pg. 553 - 557◊ Objectives

• Describe some of the challenges of mining in the West

• Examine the obstacles that the building of the transcontinental railroad faced

• Evaluate how the transcontinental railroad affected the settlement and development of the West

◊ Pg. 553 - 557◊ Objectives

• Describe some of the challenges of mining in the West

• Examine the obstacles that the building of the transcontinental railroad faced

• Evaluate how the transcontinental railroad affected the settlement and development of the West

General outline for lecture - box notesGeneral outline for lecture - box notes

Miners and railroads

1. The mining booms

2. Mining towns

3. Linking east and west4. The Great Race

5. Effects of the railroads

The mining boomsThe mining booms

◊ Gold rushes• Colorado 1858• Nevada 1859• Dakotas 1876

◊ Comstock Lode was a bonanza• Large companies mined it

◊ Dangers - cave-ins, no oxygen, dangerous equipment, lung problems• Led to unions

◊ Discrimination in mining

◊ Gold rushes• Colorado 1858• Nevada 1859• Dakotas 1876

◊ Comstock Lode was a bonanza• Large companies mined it

◊ Dangers - cave-ins, no oxygen, dangerous equipment, lung problems• Led to unions

◊ Discrimination in mining

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Mining townsMining towns

◊ Boomtowns◊ Problems with boomtowns• Mostly men• No law and order• Little or no sanitation

• Most lasted as long as the mines did

◊ Boomtowns◊ Problems with boomtowns• Mostly men• No law and order• Little or no sanitation

• Most lasted as long as the mines did

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Linking East and WestLinking East and West

◊ Pony Express◊ Transcontinental Railroad

◊ Pacific Railway Acts• Gave loans and land to RR companies

◊ Pony Express◊ Transcontinental Railroad

◊ Pacific Railway Acts• Gave loans and land to RR companies

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The Great RaceThe Great Race

◊ Central Pacific vs. Union Pacific

◊ Union Pacific - Leland Stanford• Hired Chinese immigrants

◊ Difficulties - harsh terrain, Indian attacks, rough weather, supplies

◊ Central Pacific vs. Union Pacific

◊ Union Pacific - Leland Stanford• Hired Chinese immigrants

◊ Difficulties - harsh terrain, Indian attacks, rough weather, supplies

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Effects of the railroadsEffects of the railroads◊ Effects on settlement and development• Increased population and economic growth

• Provided transportation for people and goods

• Helped timber and mining companies ship goods

• Investment in railroads also led to economic depressions and panics - Panic of 1873

◊ Effects on settlement and development• Increased population and economic growth

• Provided transportation for people and goods

• Helped timber and mining companies ship goods

• Investment in railroads also led to economic depressions and panics - Panic of 1873

Chapter 18 Section 3Chapter 18 Section 3

◊ Pg. 558 - 563◊ Objectives

• Identify the factors that led to the cattle boom

• Describe what life was like for cowboys

• Explain the reasons for the cattle kingdom’s decline

◊ Pg. 558 - 563◊ Objectives

• Identify the factors that led to the cattle boom

• Describe what life was like for cowboys

• Explain the reasons for the cattle kingdom’s decline

General outline for lecture - box notesGeneral outline for lecture - box notes

Cattle boom

1. The cattle boom

2. The ranches

3. The cowboys4. Cattle drives and towns

5. End of the open range

The cattle boomThe cattle boom

◊ Presence of supply and demand• Large supply of Texas longhorn cattle

• Large supply of land for grazing

• Large demand for beef

◊ Joseph McCoy opens Abilene as cattle town

◊ Cattle Kingdom spreads on the open range

◊ Presence of supply and demand• Large supply of Texas longhorn cattle

• Large supply of land for grazing

• Large demand for beef

◊ Joseph McCoy opens Abilene as cattle town

◊ Cattle Kingdom spreads on the open range

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The ranchesThe ranches

◊ Investors put money into ranches

◊ Many ranchers concentrate on range rights

◊ Some ranchers serves as local authorities

◊ Investors put money into ranches

◊ Many ranchers concentrate on range rights

◊ Some ranchers serves as local authorities

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The cowboysThe cowboys

◊ Borrowed skills from vaqueros

◊ Roundups◊ Dangers - cattle rustlers, bad weather, unpredictable livestock, very low wages

◊ Borrowed skills from vaqueros

◊ Roundups◊ Dangers - cattle rustlers, bad weather, unpredictable livestock, very low wages

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Cattle drives and cowtownsCattle drives and cowtowns◊ Cattle drive

• Chisholm Trail

◊ Herded cattle through harsh country

◊ Cowtowns• Similar conditions as boomtowns

◊ Cattle drive • Chisholm Trail

◊ Herded cattle through harsh country

◊ Cowtowns• Similar conditions as boomtowns

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End of the open rangeEnd of the open range

◊ Competition for huge ranchers• Farmers, smaller ranchers, sheep ranchers

◊ Barb wire and range wars• Ranchers hurry to fence off resources

• Range wars

◊ Decline• Falling prices, little grass, bad winters

◊ Competition for huge ranchers• Farmers, smaller ranchers, sheep ranchers

◊ Barb wire and range wars• Ranchers hurry to fence off resources

• Range wars

◊ Decline• Falling prices, little grass, bad winters

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