THE STORY OF SISSY—OUR NEWEST RESIDENT

Nation’s Only Natural-Habitat Refuge Where Sick, Old and Needy Elephants Can Once More

Walk the Earth in Peace and Dignity

A 5 0 1 ( c ) ( 3 ) N o n p r o f i t O r g a n i z a t i o nin Hohenwald

Sissy, our newest resident,came on the heels ofShirley and Bunny. Withher came controversy,accusations, and a terriblereputation. Moved fromher lifelong home of 26years after the tragic deathof a keeper, Sissy wasbranded a killer. Althoughno one was witness to theaccident, it seemed shewould forever pay for thesad day when the actionsof a man and the responseof a beast resulted intragedy.

Born in the wilds of Asia in1968, Sissy was capturedand separated from hermother and family at oneyear old. If she had beenleft in a natural situation,Sissy would have spent herlife, 60-70 years, with her mother and female relatives, learning from them, and, then as amother, sister, and aunt herself, teaching thenext generation.In her golden years she wouldhave been protected and treated with respectfor her knowledge and wisdom by those shehad nurtured. Instead, she was placed inside asmall wooden crate and shipped to America.

Sissy became the main attraction at a Texasamusement park petting zoo, replacing the

THE STORY OF SISSY—OUR NEWEST RESIDENT

continued on pg. 2

four baby elephants thatpreceded her. Sissy did notrate her own special name,instead being named afterthe elephants that precededher. She was called SisFlagg, a wordplay on thename of the amusementpark, Six Flags Over Texas.

Sissy grew quickly and wassent to the Frank Buck Zooin Gainesville, Texas, wherethe residents were ecstaticthat Sissy was coming.They had recently lost theirelephant, Gerry, who died atage 21 of unknown causes.The school children ralliedto raise funds to purchaseSissy and on her arrivalswiftly changed her name.Again, she did not merit herown name but was namedGerry II after the Zoo’s

previous elephant.It would not be until 26 yearslater and the occurrence of a tragedy that theywould discover that Gerry II was Sissy, the namethat keepers and zoo personnel had continued to call her. When the Elephant Sanctuaryannounced that our next resident would be Sissy, Gainesville residents knew of no elephantnamed Sissy.

When the Sanctuary learned that Sissy would be

Sissy

Several years ago, the Sanctuary founders were honored when Mrs. Huldah CheekSharp came for a visit. A determined woman with strong opinions, it was immediatelyapparent that Mrs. Sharp believed in taking action. While on a driving tour of the Sanctuary, Mrs. Sharp continued to question why she could not touch the elephants, a great temptation since Tarra was racing along side Mrs. Sharp’s truck window. Afterweighing the many explanations, Mrs. Sharp decided none were valid. Without warningshe reached out her window and petted Tarra. We all burst out in laughter, includingMrs. Sharp, who had a huge grin on her face. A guiding force behind the inception ofthe Nashville Humane Society, Mrs. Sharp held a deep concern for the welfare of animals in captivity. As a direct result of Mrs. Sharp's support and encouragement,Sanctuary embarked on a capitol campaign project that resulted in a state-of-the-art12-elephant barn. With Mrs. Sharp's passing on April 9, 2000, a legacy of her compas-sion for all creatures great and small remains. She will be deeply missed.

Mrs. Huldah Sharp

enforced and corporalpunishment was administered by threekeepers. The brutalattack lasted an hourand was purposelycaptured on videotapefor keeper training pur-poses. As the yearwent by, Sissy was notaccepted by the otherelephants. In fact, shewas knocked to theground and needed tobe righted with a crane.To make matters worse,Sissy’s trunk was tem-porarily paralyzed as aresult of an exploratorysurgical procedure. Forfour months Sissy’s keepers hand-fed her;

every bite of nourishment she received came from them.She lost weight and underwent acupuncture treatmentsthat reportedly restored partial use of her trunk and stimulated her appetite. Life for Sissy seemed to improveas she resumed eating on her own, became comfortablewith her keepers, and, most importantly, no longer frightened her keepers. As result of the time that Sissy’s keepers hand-fed her, they realized that her true nature was sweet and sensitive.

Just when it seemed Sissy might have a chance at some constancy and peace, the videotape taken of herbeating at the El Paso Zoo was released to the media. A community outcry lead to a city council vote to sendSissy to the Elephant Sanctuary (prior to the vote therehad been no communication between El Paso city officials and the Sanctuary). They simply voted and thenasked if we would take her. What a joy to be able to givethis elephant safe freedom, a place to heal, a place togrow, a place to grow old.

Though there were those who tried to prevent Sissy fromretiring to the Sanctuary, zoo management, staff, and cityofficials made every effort to ensure a smooth transitionfor Sissy. Landstar Ligon, Inc, the official elephant trans-porters of the Sanctuary, provided a tractor and driver forthe move. The custom designed elephant trailer, on loanfrom Chuck and Rise Pankow, was delivered to the zooand set beside the elephant barn. After a few weeks ofconditioning, Sissy was ready for the trip. Scott Blais,Sanctuary Co-Founder/Director, went to El Paso to oversee Sissy’s loading and to escort her in transit. Every imaginable preparation was made to insure Sissy’s comfort throughout the move.

On January 24, 7:10 AM, Sissy began her trip to Hohenwald, Tennessee, which took two and a half days.

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SISSY...continued from pg. 1

Sissy leaving barn

joining their herd, she had not lived at the Frank BuckZoo for almost two years. A tragic accident had forcedcity officials to relinquish ownership of Sissy and sendher to a place where she could not hurt anyone else.Sissy had been raised a single elephant in a smallenclosure with many keepers during her time at theFrank Buck Zoo. As with any intelligent creature shelearned many behaviors, some good, some bad. Onebehavior that Sissy learned was how to make peoplestop teasing her. As in any zoo, the public gravitated tothe elephant exhibit, but poor design allowed visitorsto be able to touch Sissy. A personal account describes a well-meaning but ill-informed visitor petting and then pulling on Sissy’strunk. Although at first Sissy enjoyed the attention andinteraction, she soon tired of it. Since there was noprotective barrier behind which she could escape,Sissy responded by swinging her trunk and hitting thisman under the chin sending him sailing backward.Though effective it became a bad habit.

Later, when the tragic incident happened, which resulted in the death of a keeper, many judged thatSissy had purposefully attacked and killed.Unfortunately, no one witnessed the incident, so onlySissy knows what happened. But it is reasonable to conjecture that the death could have been an accident.Considering the minimal size of Sissy’s cinder blockbarn and her tendency to become easily frightened, itis easy to imagine that if someone entered her barnunexpectedly, her typical reaction to being frightenedof spinning around could result in the person beingpushed up against the wall of her enclosure. Althoughshe is distrusting and insecure and has many badhabits, it is unfortunate that Sissy is labeled a killer.

After the Frank Buck Zoo, Sissy was sent to a zoo withfacilities to handle dangerous elephants. This zoo didthe best they could with a difficult situation, but theyhad an established herd and Sissy was not an easyaddition. She was afraid of the other elephants, waryof the new facility, and distrusting of her new keepers.She virtually stopped eating, lost weight, did notsocialize with the other female elephants, and wasresistant to shifting back and forth between the yardand the barn. More challenges lay ahead as Sissy wasmoved once again to the El Paso Zoo. This zoo was preparing a protected contact area, which is a system of gates and fencesthat protect the elephant and caretakers from hurtingeach other. With this system of limited access, Sissywould not have to be physically managed.Unfortunately, the El Paso Zoo decided to take Sissyprior to the completion of their protected contact facili-ties.

Nevertheless, plans were made and procedural protocol formalized and discussed.On her arrival at the zoo, she was chained in her new barn. Within ashort time, she lashed out at a keeper. Immediately,

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Bunny, Jenny, and Shirley greet Sissy

SISSY...continued from pg. 2

Sissy and Bunny

her trunk as three other anxious trunks dashed in tointertwine with hers.

After the small crowd of well wishers left, Sissy began to express a desire to be touched by her keepers. Sheturned with her backside to the keepers and gently liftedher foot, a shy elephant’s way of initiating interactionwith new elephants. Sanctuary keepers were honoredthat Sissy engaged them in this manner. After a fewmore days, Carol, Sanctuary Co-Founder/Director, wassafe to interact with Sissy. Easy to read, Sissy has widemood swings but makes her feelings well known. Whenshe is content and someone she likes approaches, sheflip-flops the end of her trunk as a greeting, making apop-pop sound that vibrates through the air. She nowspends each day outside napping, grazing and interact-ing with the other elephants. Her insecurities have notallowed her to venture far from the safety of her barn butwhen Scott or Carol are in the habitat she follows like apuppy dog. She is playful and enjoys the daily romp withthe four-wheeler and tractor, joining Tarra, Bunny, Shirley,and Jenny as they frolic around the motorized equip-ment. The afternoon adventure is so enjoyed by the girlsthat they can be heard throughout the valley trumpetingand bellowing, with a variety of pops, squeaks, andchirps. Neighbors say they sit on their porches in the lateafternoon and listen to the “elephants singing.”

Sissy’s latest and perhaps greatest breakthroughoccurred April 27 at 4 PM. In order to continue followingScott and Carol on the four-wheeler, Sissy would have tocross the creek. Flowing water seems to evoke great fearin Sissy, which, until this day, she had not conquered.With the encouragement of those who care so much forher, Sissy forged through the shallow water. You couldsee from the twinkle in her eye, she was genuinely proudof herself. On the way back home, crossing the samecreek was not going to be as easy. Sissy doubted herselfand instead walked along the creek bed looking for a dif-ferent way across, perhaps a dry place. She paced backand forth several times until Barbara approached. Sissystood still and looked in Barbara’s direction. Barbarahesitated for just a moment and then glided across thewater. Sissy nervous but anxious to work through thefear, followed. Another great day for Sissy. Sissy’s dailyprogress has been documented in her diary, which isavailable on our web site, www.elephants.com.

Sissy traveled well, ate and drank during the trip, andshowed no overt signs of aggression.The trip served asa perfect time for Scott and Sissy to get to know eachother. Mike Knowles, the truck driver, offered his services to transport Sissy and took it upon himself tocall ahead to motels and truck stops arranging forSissy’s layovers. He made sure that at each stop wehad access to drinking water and a quiet, out of theway place to park the trailer so that Sissy could rest.On the night of January 25, the owners of the ComfortInn in Forest City, Arkansas provided a room for Sissy’scare givers and a quiet place for Sissy’s trailer, free ofcharge. Mike’s arrangements helped to ensure asmooth and safe trip for Sissy and her caregivers. Eachtime they stopped to offer Sissy food and water, Mikejumped right in to assist with the water hose, bales ofhay, refilling the generator, and other chores. MikeKnowles is truly an ELEFRIEND.

On arrival at the Sanctuary January 26, Sissy wasgreeted by a small group of media people and Sanctuary staff. Within 15 minutes from the time the back door of the trailer was opened, Sissy was standing inside her new home. She was tentative andcautious, non aggressive. After a short time Barbarawas allowed to enter Sissy’s stall, moving with suchsensitivity that if Sissy postured in fear, Barbarastopped and stood still until Sissy relaxed. After a fewminutes, Barbara was able to get Sissy to accept atouch from Barbara’s trunk--first her side, then hershoulder, then finally Sissy’s face and trunk. This firstinterchange was the beginning of what will most certainly prove to be a lasting relationship. All of thegirls had a chance to meet Sissy as they lined up andshe presented her body, lengthwise, for their caressesand curious trunks. At one point Sissy reached out

The decision to move 35-year-old Winkie to the Sanctuary or to a zoo is inthe hands of the American Zoological Association and Dr. David Hall, theHenry Vilas Zoo director in Madison, Wisconsin. Several months ago thedecision was made to move Winkie from the zoo, but where she will bemoved has not yet been determined. The Sanctuary offers a unique andunequaled existence for Winkie, but the issue has been raised that sheshould remain in an accredited zoo.

Winkie, like many captive elephants, has lashed out aggressively towardkeepers and visitors to her enclosure. It is reported that since the age of 13,Winkie has tried to hurt each new keeper assigned to her. In addition to herbehavioral problems, Winkie has a history of poor foot health. There is noquestion that the elephants’ habitat is critical to the health of their feet.Elephants kept on unnaturally hard surfaces, such as concrete and hardpacked dirt, can develop chronic foot infection that can be life threatening.Health records document that Winkie has suffered with painful, infected feetfor years. We are hopeful that she will be moved to a place where naturalsubstrate, such as at the Sanctuary, is available to her and her ailing feet.

IS WINKIE ON HER WAY?

TIME TO GROW AGAIN?

In less than nine months our elephant population has doubled. If we continue at this rate our new barn will be fullby fall 2001. This means that only 6 more needy elephantswill find refuge at the Sanctuary. Once we reach capacity,what will become of other elephants in need of refuge? Wecould say, we have done our part and someone else needsto provide for additional elephants, but history has shownthat another natural habitat refuge may not materialize.Several organizations have raised funds to assist captive elephants but their promises and funds have not translatedinto facilities for captive elephants.

Prior to the Sanctuary there was no alternative to elephantsremaining in less than adequate situations. Deprived of roomto roam, forced to submit to human dominance, deniedcompanionship of other compatible elephants, as well asbeing restricted from access to live vegetation, elephants incaptivity live compromised lives. Once the Sanctuary is full,the situation for needy elephants could return to its sad, previous state. Currently restricted to the Asian species only,the Elephant Sanctuary in Hohenwald is the first and currently only natural-habitat refuge for elephants. There is no similar facility for African elephants, an endangeredspecies equally in need of a natural-habitat refuge in captivity. And the need grows greater everyday.

A short year and a half is little time to develop a contingencyplan for other elephants who will need a home. To date, we have only accepted needy elephants living in the UnitedStates. Federal regulation restricts us from rescuing elephants from abroad. The law that pertains to the importa-tion of this endangered species requires that the importationbenefit the species, not the individual. Sadly, a permit will not be issued if the elephant is not part of a breeding program. We hope to change this criteria. Realizing that each elephant is important, we feel a needy elephant who is past breeding age deserves the same protection as abreeding age elephant.

Recently, the Sanctuary was approached by a foundationinterested in donating wilderness land. This organization isinterested in providing a 3000 acre parcel that surrounds theSanctuary. This acquisition would allow another expansion,providing home for not only more Asian elephants but forAfrican elephants as well. Although the climate and habitat in Hohenwald, Tennessee may not be perfect for African elephants, it is a far cry from what most captive African elephants now know. A natural habitat of any degree wouldbe a considerable improvement much deserved by thisspecies. Once the land is acquired, two additional but separate elephant facilities will be built. These facilities will be home to another 25 elephants (10 Asians and 15 Africans).

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Peter WardRuth WaymanCindy WedelKatherine WellsSheila McCarthy & Ted WeschlerElena WestCurtis & Barbara WheatMichal WieslerJ.W. WilkesEleanor L. WillisJean L. WilsonLyndy WilsonLucille M. Bell/Joyce M. WoodsGerald J. WozniakGretchen WylerPaula WyneBarbara YaredG.E. & Ruth R. Young, Jr.Nancy ZamoraJoseph ZazziMari ZecchiniRobert & Anne ZelleElizabeth ZiembaElizabeth ZimmermanS. Rossi Zimmerman

In KindAction TrailerAnafloraNancy BassBellSouthDr. Phillips BrownSharon CallahanRon ChandlerThomas ConnerJeff ChristianChromaticsColin Gentry ProductionsDana CorporationJoel CurryDennis Paper Co.Cyntthia DunnEnterprise Rent-A-CarFAO Regional Office for

Asia & the PacificRichard Fee/Landstar Ligon, IncJay FolladoriRoy GaylonGENISYS Systems GroupDr. Bob & Susan GoldsteinGoodeWorks VolunteersCindy HartmanTommy Haskins

Jack & Judi HawesAlton HensonHoliday Inn, Monroe, LADavid HuffInter-Cal CorporationJackson DesignJames Lumber CompanyJesse’s Locksmith ShopGary & Donna JonesJudy JonesLois KnightL.A. GoalLandstar Ligon, Inc.Landstar RangerLearning Technological Center

at VanderbiltMcCartney ProduceChester McConnellGary MiersLinda MooreRobert MooreMorrow’s Food TownChuck & Rise ParkowPatagonia, Inc.Paul Polycarpou/EnvisionPeery HondaPictureTelPLA, Inc.Dr. Ed RamseyR.C.&D. VolunteersCharlie RhodesDr. Steven ScottGish Sherwood & FriendsSign LanguageSouthern Indiana TireMike StadlerFrank StiversRobert StrattonPat Strickland/Duck River OrchardDr. Lori TappTelalinkTignor GraphicsDaniel TurovTVADr. Madalyn WardDawn WellsDr. Brian WesselsA. Christy WilliamsBarry WilliamsTerry WilliamsTracy WilloughbyJanet WilsonDan WorkmanJanet & Manuel Zeitlin/Zeitgeist

Gallery

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a slope so that shecan rise easily.Inside, the barnfloor offers only aminimal slope andBarbara needs helpto get up. Since allshe needs is a littlehelp from a friend,having Scott orCarol sleep in thebarn became thesolution.

It did not take Barbara long to figure out that nomatter what timeshe awoke, one ofher caretakerswould be there tohelp her. Quite sim-ply what she needs is a strong push against her shoulder as she tries to right herself. Without it Barbarajust cannot get up. The assistance proved to be quiteimportant for two reasons: First, prior to Carol or Scottsleeping in the barn, Barbara appeared to worry aboutnot being able to get up. As result, she would resistlying down and, instead, prop herself up against a walland half sleep. This was detrimental to her health andthreatened her already fragile condition. Second, wesuspected that worry aggravated her colic condition.When Barbara was alone and could not rise she workedherself into a frenzy and developed excruciating abdom-inal cramps and diarrhea. Since Carol and Scott begantheir nighttime vigils last September, Barbara restspeacefully each night. She rustles her bed of hay towake her caretakers when she has trouble getting up.Confident that Carol or Scott will be there, she nolonger suffers from her painful abdominal episodes.Now that Spring has sprung Barbara is spending eachnight sleeping outside under the stars on the cushionedgrassy slope of a hillside.

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BARBARA’S IMPROVING HEALTH

Barbara

The past year at the Elephant Sanctuary has beenextraordinary--Jenny and Shirley’s reunion, Bunny’simmediate assimilation into her new home, andSissy’s release from years that prevented her fromdeveloping into a confident and content individual.Through all of the excitement, change, and anxietysurrounding each new elephant’s arrival, Barbara hasimproved physically and emotionally. Events such aschanges in weather and routine used to result in Barbara developing severe bouts of abdominal pain. Every effort was taken to protect Barbara fromsituations that apparently caused her to worry andstress. Though there have been great changes at theSanctuary over the past nine months, we are thrilledto report that Barbara’s abdominal pain and bouts ofcolic are a distant memory. The course of action takento free Barbara from her debilitation included naturalhealing remedies and supplements. In the Spring of 1999 a product was added to Barbara’s daily supplements, which appears to be the final ingredient that was needed to remedy her problem.

Tree of Life, Inc. agreed to provide, free of charge, oneyear’s supply of flaxseed oil for Barbara. This product,rich in amino acids, has assisted Barbara’s body inrecovering from her devastating condition and healingitself. Not only do her minor exterior abrasions heal ata rapid rate, Barbara appears to no longer experiencepain in her small intestine. For the past 3 years, themedical goal for Barbara has focused on healing thelining of her small intestine. It appears that flaxseed oilhas played a major role in accomplishing this goal.The Sanctuary staff is grateful to Tree of Life for theirgenerous and compassionate contribution. Not onlydo they offer a quality product, they give back to thecommunity in ways to be praised and acknowledged.

Additionally, the Sanctuary staff has facilitated Barbara’s recovery by sleeping in the elephant barn atnight. Elephants lie down to sleep and under normalcircumstances have no problem rising, but the staffdiscovered that Barbara was having difficulty gettingup. When Barbara sleeps outside she always lays on

Tarra, Barbara, Jenny, Shirley, Bunny and Sissy have submitted hair samples for DNA testing. The MuseumNational d’Histoire Naturelle is conducting a research project that will determine the origin of all of the elephantscurrently living at the Elephant Sanctuary. In many cases,records of origin of elephants imported into the US prior to1974 are incomplete. For some of these wild-caught animals, records are simply unavailable. DNA research will pinpoint the region in South East Asia where each of our elephants were born. Additionally, results of theresearch will determine if any of the Sanctuary elephantsare related to each other.

All the Girls Are Discovering Their Roots

Shirley and Jenny

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The Sanctuary has embarked on a far reaching conser-vation project: The Asian Elephant Habitat Program.The plan is to protect areas in the wild that were at onetime the home of wild elephants. Land encroachmentby humans has forced elephants into smaller and smaller ranges of habitat, some not suitable for theirneeds. As result there is a raging human-elephant conflict in many areas of the world.

Christy Williams, a prominent researcher studying wildelephants in India has been employed as Director of theprogram. In 1994-95, Williams carried out a status survey of elephants and their habitats along with anassessment of the elephant-human conflict in North-East India for the government of India. Since 1996 untilpresent he has followed four elephant family groupsand four adult males using radio telemetry to study elephant behavior and ecology. This is only a portion ofthe work Williams has conducted to help identify the

problem and provide solutions for the survival of wildelephants. Protecting wild elephants and their habitatis a priority goal to which Williams has devoted his lifeand career.

Williams recently visited the Elephant Sanctuary. His response to the manner in which we care for our elephants was quite favorable. He remarked thatbeing away from his study site in Asia had made himquite homesick for "his" elephants, so he reveled inthe smells, sights, and sounds at the Sanctuary. TheSanctuary is honored that Christy Williams has joinedour team.

Our opinion is that conservation can only be effectivewhen wild populations and wild lands are protected.No degree of captive elephant breeding alone canconserve the wild population. Currently, there areorganizations lobbying to capture wild elephants toimprove the genetic diversity of the captive populationof elephants in breeding programs in America. Sadly, no plan has been devised to return any of theoffspring from the US to the wilds of Asia. Offspring of these wild-caught elephants will remain in captivity.Of course, the current loss of habitat in Asia wouldimpede the reintroduction of elephants, but that iswhere conservation efforts must be applied. If wecontinue to deplete the wild population, conservationis not being achieved. Conservation starts with savingthe wild lands and protecting the wild species.

If you would like to contribute to and/or learn moreabout this conservation program, please visit our website www.elephants.com or contact Carol Buckleyat 931-796-6500.

CONSERVATION PROJECT—ASIAN ELEPHANT HABITAT PROGRAM

Christy Williams at the Sanctuary

Last year we reported that on August 15, 1999, Motala, a 38-year-old female elephant, stepped ona landmine planted in Burma's jungle 10 km from the Thai border. It took her owner 3 days to walkher back to Thai territory. A truck was hired in Mae Sod, Tak Province to transport Motola to anElephant Hospital in Lampang, which is operated by Friends of the Asian Elephant, where sheunderwent surgery and is now recuperating.

On March 7, 2000, the following update on Motala appeared on the Friends of the Asian Elephantweb site (see below).

Motala's overall condition is good. She has been given supplement (calcium ) since the calcium inher blood is low. She's improving and the wounds are healing but the wounds on the right leg domake us worry. However she still stands, lies down to rest and eats well. The prosthesis will bedone only when the wounds are completely healed and it depends on Motala's acceptance to theartificial foot, too.

You can contact this organization dedicated to helping captive elephants in Thailand at the following address:

Friends of the Asian Elephant 350 Moo 8 , Ram-Indra Rd, Soi 61, (K.M.6),Tharaeng, Bangkhen, Bangkok 10230 ThailandPhone & Fax: (662) 945 Motalae-mail: [email protected]/

Motala

Thank you for your generous support of our Acres for Elephants Program! Because you have recognized thatroom to roam for elephants is paramount, we have nearly reached our goal for the additional-lands pur-chase. Originally, the parcel of land was estimated to be 93 acres, but once the land survey was complete, we were told it is actually 110 acres. Great news—themore land the better, but the additional surprise acreageincreases our fund-raising goal. To date, our loyal members have contributed $85,867 toward this landacquisition. An additional $22,373 is needed before thenew property will belong to the elephants. In support of our efforts, Champion Paper, Inc, the organization selling us the property, has made a Double-Mammothcontribution, providing the funds to purchase two ofthese wilderness acres.

Barbara has already explored the new habitat. Acres of wash stretching miles deep into the wilderness offerprivacy, protection from the sun, and scrumptious lowgrowing tufts of tender bamboo grass. Barbara has givenher footprint of approval. Your support for our Acres ofElephants Program guarantees that elephants havefreedom to roam in a habitat that enriches their lives and nurtures their recovery.

You, or your group, can help us reach our goals by “purchasing” one or more Square Elephants—the spacenecessary for an elephant to stand at rest from trunk to tail (approximately 6 ft X 12 ft)—for a mere $2.00per square. Certificates will be provided to give as personalized gifts.

For those wishing to contribute to relaxation, SleepySquare Elephants—the space necessary for an elephant

to lie down and take a nap (approximately 9 ft X 14 ft)—can be purchased for only $3.00 each. For those wishingto contribute more space, we offer a Dumbo—20 SqE, or1440 square ft, which is house size, for only $35. Also available is a Jumbo—151 SqE, or 1/4 acre, for$246 and a Mammoth—1 acre, for $984.

You can be the first in your group, neighborhood, class-room, or office to “purchase” real estate and help theSanctuary provide a safe, comfortable refuge for retiredAsian elephants. As they say in the elephant retirementand real estate business, “Location, location, location.”

ACRES FOR ELEPHANTS — A GIFT IDEA

Square Elephant OrderYour Name: ______________________________________________________

Address: ________________________________________________________

City: ____________________________________________________________

State: ____________________________ Zip: __________________________

Telephone: _______________________________________________________

Number of certificates you would like: ________

The certificate is designed so that you can personalize your gift.

____ SqE@ $2.00 = $ _____________

____ SSqE@ $3.00 = $ _____________

____ Dumbo@ $35 = $ ______________

____ Jumbo @ $246 = $ _____________

____ Mammoth@ $984 = $ _____________

Choose one: ❑ VISA ❑ Mastercard Card Number:__________________________Expiration Date: _____________Payment can be made via phone: 931-796-6500 or fax: 931-796-4810 ore-mail: [email protected] or

US Mail: The Elephant SanctuaryPO Box 393 Hohenwald, TN 38462

Please make checks payable to: The Elephant Sanctuary

TOTAL $

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Target Practice Scores a Bulls-Eye With the Girls and Sanctuary Staff

What would a giant cue tip, dogwhistle, and bucketof chopped fruithave to do withelephants? Targetpractice. Not theweaponry type oftarget practice butthe operant condi-tioning/trainingtype, which willdevelop behaviorsthat facilitate hus-bandry practicessuch as enablingus to trim footpads, file nails,administer injections, anddraw blood.

The giant cue tip isthe target and the

goal is to get the girls to press the requested part of theirbody against the target. When they touch the target a dogwhistle is blown to bridge their response. A "bridge" tells thegirls that they have done what has been asked. The bucketof chopped fruit is the reward, our way of saying thanks forplaying the training game.

Although playing is not mandatory and they are free to leave at anytime, they usually are interested enough to play for awhile. Operant conditioning is a positive way tocondition elephants to respond to basic requests. They learnto present the portion of their body requested, thus makinghusbandry procedures easier and less stressful than withsome traditional forms of management. With operant conditioning the elephant is a willing participant. They can choose to play or they can walk away without anyrepercussion, which is the glory of the technique. An added benefit of the training game is on a cold winter day it can be used to alleviate boredom associated with beinginside the barn.

All of the girls have been introduced to target practice andall have offered to play. Demonstrating a strong motivationto excel, Barbara was responding within the first few ses-sions to requests for her head and sides. With each accom-plishment, Barbara is building self confidence and strength-ening the bond with her caretakers. Shirley shows the leastinterest, participating but without much enthusiasm.Although Jenny is handicapped due to a blind eye, she compensates for her tentative moves to the right with immediate and accurate moves to the left. Bunny, not proneto move fast for any reason, thinks that the target should beput closer. She flutters her long eye lashes and gives a directlook with her big brown eyes as if to say, "Oh I am so com-fortable right here, couldn’t you put the target a little clos-er?" Sometime in her past Bunny has learned that in training

sessions she can offer a substitute, which she has tried sev-eral times. For example, when the caretaker asks for a headtouch to the target, Bunny instead offers her foot. But in thistraining game no reward, negative or positive, is given fortrade offers. Because the offer is ignored, eventually Bunnywill stop offering substitutes in lieu of responses that willresult in rewards. Initially, Sissy was distrustful of the giantcue tip target and impatient to receive a treat. But she soonexcelled and has surpassed all the others. Of course she did have an advantage. Two years ago when she lived at theHouston Zoo, Sissy was introduced to target training. Thesuperb training work done by the Houston Zoo keepers hasbenefited both Sissy and the Sanctuary keepers. Sissy targets with her head immediately and brings her entire body next to the corral bars when requested. She seems to enjoy her successes. In the beginning, Tarra had somedifficulty with the training game. The problem was that sheassumed she knew what the trainer wanted. She startedoffering behaviors she had learned years ago. She shookher head up and down frantically, waved her trunk and liftedeach foot. Tarra was offering all of the activities that Carol,her long time companion, had taught her in the past, so itwas determined that Carol was not the best choice forTarra’s initial training. Scott gave it a try with Tarra andresults were much better.

Knowing the temperament of each elephant is crucial, helping the keepers know how to engage each elephant inthe game and for how long. Lately, Jenny, Shirley and Bunnyhave begun to compete for target practice time. They keeptwo trainers rather busy moving about the stalls responding

to the appetite of the elephants not only for the treat thatrewards their participation but for the praise their participa-tion generates from their trainer. Once the elephant "gets it"their eyes light up, their bodies relax, and they appear toenjoy the game. Not surprisingly, it takes only seconds forelephants to start to learn these simple but invaluablebehaviors, and, of course, they never forget!

Tarra and Scott

Sissy and Scott

Girls’ Endowment Update

$185,000

$5,496

$185,000

$37,366

$185,000

$10,742

Bunny Sissy Shirley

CORPORATE SPONSORS UNDERWRITE NEW “ELE-CAM”BellSouth, Union Planters Bank, and Tappedinto.com Sponsor Streaming Video

This past March the Sanctuary celebrated its 5-yearanniversary. Six thousand members from all over the world provide support and six amazing elephants gracethe habitat. The work done at the Sanctuary has beenhighlighted in numerous magazines, newspapers, and television specials. In the fall, a one-hour National Geographic documentary entitled Urban Elephant will air.This program will show the life of captive elephants, thegood, the bad and the ugly. The Sanctuary is pleased thatthis documentary is being produced by an organizationwith an impeccable reputation for providing accurate and quality viewing.

As a result of the Sanctuary’s unprecedented success, corporate sponsor are interested in affiliating themselveswith the Sanctuary’s work. BellSouth, Union Planters Bank,and Tappedinto.com recently came on board to underwritethe cost of our newest educational tool: streaming video.This innovative technology will bring live camera footagedirectly to our web site. By clicking on the “ele-cam” icon

on your personal computer you will actually be viewing theelephants live through cameras on the Sanctuary property.The Sanctuary is indebted to Bell South, Union Planter’sBank and Tappedintoit.com for their support of this innovative teaching tool.

For those who would like to show their gratitude to theSanctuary’s newest sponsors please address your comments to the following people:

Lanie JohnstonBellSouth333 Commerce StreetNashville, TN 37201

Judith Newby Tappedinto.com15 Music Square WestNashville, TN 37203

Wade PeeryUnion Planters Bank10 East Main StreetHohenwald, TN 38462

For $30 you can feed Bunny, Shirley,Jenny, Tarra, Barbara, or Sissy. For$60 you can feed two of them; and for$180 you can feed all six of them for aday. Or you may choose to feed oneelephant for several days.

With the donation you (or the personreceiving the gift) will receive a certifi-cate, a picture of the elephant(s) youchoose to feed, and information aboutwhat the elephants eat. If this is a giftto someone who is not a member, therecipient will also receive a copy ofnext year’s newsletters and member-ship for 1 year.

Call the Sanctuary at (931) 796-6500.Say, “I want to feed an elephant for aday!” Be prepared to say which ele-phant(s) you want to feed, the amountof the gift ($30, $60, etc.), the recipi-ent with complete name and address,and your name and address as thegift giver.

FEED AN ELEPHANT FORA DAY — A UNIQUE GIFT

Trunklines Contributors:Designer: Jerry Points, Design Points Writers: Carol Buckley, Judy JonesEditor: Polly Points

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