The Scramble for Africa Guided Reading Q & AGuided Reading Q & A.

The Scramble for Africa

Guided Reading Q & A

European Imperialism

Independent African Nations in 1914:

1.Ethiopia2.Liberia

1. What is Social Darwinism?

• The notion that certain nations or races are more fit than others and that those nations should rule over the “less fit” nations.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3FmEjDaWqA4

2. Why did Europeans want raw materials from Africa?

• To manufacture goods.

3. What drove European leaders to claim African territory?

• Political Reasons: Evidence of their “power”

• Economic Reasons: As a source of raw materials for factories and a potential market for finished products.

4. What advances in technology made European domination of Africa possible?

• The Machine Gun

• Telegraphs

• Railroads

• Steamships

• Quinine (Helped fight against Malaria)

First automatic machine gun

Quinine

Maxim Machine Gun

5. What was the purpose of the Berlin Conference?

• To divide African territory among European nations

6. Do you think Leopold II should have claimed the Belgian Congo for himself? Why or why not?

• No, he was a brutal leader.

• Belgian government took over because of an international outcry against him

7. Who were the Zulu?

• An African group that resisted colonialism for more than 50 years.

The Zulu

8. How did Ethiopians under Menelik II defeat the Italians?

• Ethiopia has a modern army that was larger and better armed than the Italian army.

“New Imperialism” in Africa

Causes:1.European nations needed raw

materials2.European leaders wanted power and

land3.Europeans believed in Social

Darwinism

“New Imperialism” in Africa

Effects:

1. Africans lost their land and independence

2. Many Africans died resisting the Europeans