The Scientific Revolution

The Scientific The Scientific RevolutionRevolution

Blinded by ScienceBlinded by Science

During the Middle Ages the Catholic During the Middle Ages the Catholic Church had control over the political Church had control over the political and social aspects of the worldand social aspects of the world

Few if any were concerned with big Few if any were concerned with big picture conceptspicture concepts

The serfs and peasants were worried The serfs and peasants were worried about just survivingabout just surviving

The nobility was concerned about The nobility was concerned about events in their small piece of the worldevents in their small piece of the world


What changed that lead people to become What changed that lead people to become involved in scienceinvolved in science The Renaissance and later the Protestant The Renaissance and later the Protestant

Reformation sparked interest in questioning Reformation sparked interest in questioning the world and authoritythe world and authority

The growth of universities and education lead The growth of universities and education lead to the natural (Socratic) ideal of questioning to the natural (Socratic) ideal of questioning ideasideas

The revival of Greek and Roman writings The revival of Greek and Roman writings (Aristotle, Galen, Socrates) and the idea of (Aristotle, Galen, Socrates) and the idea of humanism lead to the idea of natural laws.humanism lead to the idea of natural laws.


CopernicusCopernicusPrior to Copernicus it was believed that Prior to Copernicus it was believed that

the Earth was the center of the Universethe Earth was the center of the UniverseIn 1543 Copernicus wrote in his book In 1543 Copernicus wrote in his book The The

Revolution of Heavenly Bodies Revolution of Heavenly Bodies that the that the earth rotated around the sun and that the earth rotated around the sun and that the earth was actually a sphere and rotated on earth was actually a sphere and rotated on an axisan axisMany scholars had already accepted that the Many scholars had already accepted that the

earth was a sphere but it was believed that the earth was a sphere but it was believed that the earth was the center of the universeearth was the center of the universe


Copernicus used Copernicus used math to determine math to determine that the geocentric that the geocentric theory was wrongtheory was wrong

Even so Copernicus Even so Copernicus did not wish to did not wish to publish his theory publish his theory for fear of the for fear of the Catholic ChurchCatholic Church


GalileoGalileo In 1632 Galileo In 1632 Galileo

backed up backed up Copernicus and his Copernicus and his theories.theories.

Galileo wrote his Galileo wrote his works in Italian and works in Italian and with the new with the new printing press the printing press the information was information was spread to the spread to the common mancommon man


Galileo wanted to disprove Ptolemy Galileo wanted to disprove Ptolemy and his geocentric theoryand his geocentric theoryGalileo showed that the rotation of the Galileo showed that the rotation of the

earth on its axis produced the rotation earth on its axis produced the rotation of the heavensof the heavens

Furthermore the changes of the stars Furthermore the changes of the stars and their position in the sky coupled and their position in the sky coupled with the position of the sun proved that with the position of the sun proved that the earth rotated around the sunthe earth rotated around the sun

Blinded by ScienceBlinded by Science The Catholic Church was The Catholic Church was

upset with Galileo because upset with Galileo because they used the accepted they used the accepted model of geocentricmodel of geocentric

Galileo was called to Rome Galileo was called to Rome for an Inquisition for for an Inquisition for teaching and writing teaching and writing doctrine contrary to the doctrine contrary to the Holy ScriptureHoly Scripture

Galileo was forced to Galileo was forced to recant his work, his book recant his work, his book was placed on the was placed on the Forbidden Book Index were Forbidden Book Index were it remained until 1822 and it remained until 1822 and placed under house arrest placed under house arrest for the rest of his lifefor the rest of his life


ReasonReasonScholasticism was based on the Scholasticism was based on the

Aristotelianism idea of using logic and Aristotelianism idea of using logic and reason to determine the truthreason to determine the truth

However reason was not good enough-However reason was not good enough-Ones’ ideas and thoughts needed to be Ones’ ideas and thoughts needed to be provedproved

Out of this was born the scientific methodOut of this was born the scientific methodDocument, demonstrate, experiment, and Document, demonstrate, experiment, and

prove using mathematical precisionprove using mathematical precision

The Sky is Falling[The Sky is Falling[ Tycho Brahe Tycho Brahe

(1546-1601)(1546-1601) Built and Built and

observatory and observatory and recorded his recorded his observationsobservations

Johannes Kepler Johannes Kepler (1571-1630)(1571-1630) Developed the law Developed the law

of planetary motion of planetary motion based on math and based on math and observationsobservations

““I smell Bacon”I smell Bacon” Francis Bacon (1561-Francis Bacon (1561-

1626)1626) Worked on inductive Worked on inductive

logiclogic Believed that scientist Believed that scientist

should amass data and should amass data and make observations and make observations and evaluations through evaluations through experimentationexperimentation

Bacon stated that man Bacon stated that man should study science not should study science not for the sake of studying for the sake of studying science but to improve science but to improve the human conditionthe human condition

Words of Wisdom from BaconWords of Wisdom from Bacon Histories make men wise; poets, witty; the mathematics, subtle; Histories make men wise; poets, witty; the mathematics, subtle;

natural philosophy, deep; moral, grave; logic and rhetoric, able to natural philosophy, deep; moral, grave; logic and rhetoric, able to contend.contend.

If a man be gracious and courteous to strangers, it shows he is a If a man be gracious and courteous to strangers, it shows he is a citizen of the world.citizen of the world.

If a man will begin with certainties, he shall end in doubts, but if he If a man will begin with certainties, he shall end in doubts, but if he will content to begin with doubts, he shall end in certainties.will content to begin with doubts, he shall end in certainties.

Imagination was given to man to compensate him for what he is not; Imagination was given to man to compensate him for what he is not; a sense of humor to console him for what he is. a sense of humor to console him for what he is.

In order for the light to shine so brightly, the darkness must be In order for the light to shine so brightly, the darkness must be present.present.

Knowledge is power.Knowledge is power.

Apples, get your apples Apples, get your apples here!here!

Isaac NewtonIsaac Newton Newton was the Newton was the

scientist that scientist that understood science understood science in its totality and in its totality and was able to take the was able to take the discoveries of the discoveries of the day and tie them day and tie them togethertogether

Apples, get your apples Apples, get your apples here!here!

Newton would be famous for a number Newton would be famous for a number of discoveriesof discoveriesLaws of motion, laws of thermodynamics, Laws of motion, laws of thermodynamics,

the concept of gravity, the math of the concept of gravity, the math of calculus and Newtonian physicscalculus and Newtonian physics

His book Principia (1687) lead to an His book Principia (1687) lead to an intellectual movement in Europeintellectual movement in Europe

It would be until Einstein and his theory of It would be until Einstein and his theory of relativity in the 20relativity in the 20thth century would century would Newton’s ideas be challenged or altered.Newton’s ideas be challenged or altered.

InventionsInventions

TelescopeTelescope MicroscopeMicroscope Pendulum clockPendulum clock ThermometerThermometer BarometerBarometer

New DiscoveriesNew Discoveries States of matterStates of matter

Liquid, gas and solidLiquid, gas and solid Light Light

Made of particles or Made of particles or waveswaves

All living creatures were All living creatures were are made up of cellsare made up of cells

The circulation of blood The circulation of blood and the idea of small and the idea of small blood vessels known as blood vessels known as capillaries that carried capillaries that carried blood to the cellsblood to the cells

What the Scientific Rev. What the Scientific Rev. MeantMeant

These new ideas would eventually lead to the Industrial These new ideas would eventually lead to the Industrial RevolutionRevolution

It caused a division in the world and among scientistIt caused a division in the world and among scientist While some scientist tried to maintain their While some scientist tried to maintain their

religious beliefs while they studied science many religious beliefs while they studied science many more began to reject the Christian churchmore began to reject the Christian church

Some became atheists (Don’t believe in God)Some became atheists (Don’t believe in God) Others became Deists (God existed but played Others became Deists (God existed but played

only a limited role in the lives of humans)only a limited role in the lives of humans) The Protestant Reformation challenged the Pope on The Protestant Reformation challenged the Pope on

the theological ideas while the Scientific Revolution the theological ideas while the Scientific Revolution challenged the Pope on his authority of science and challenged the Pope on his authority of science and math. The religious implications of the Scientific Rev. math. The religious implications of the Scientific Rev.

where hugewhere huge..

The Scientific Revolution

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