The Roaring 1920’s Society in the 1920’s Society in the 1920’s Changes in Manners Changes in Manners Changes in Morals Changes in Morals Mass Media and.

The Roaring 1920’sThe Roaring 1920’s Society in the 1920’sSociety in the 1920’s Changes in MannersChanges in Manners Changes in MoralsChanges in Morals Mass Media and the Mass Media and the

Jazz AgeJazz Age The Harlem RenaissanceThe Harlem Renaissance

Ch 13 Sec2 The 20’s Ch 13 Sec2 The 20’s WomanWoman How were women’s roles How were women’s roles

changing?changing? How did the image of the How did the image of the

flapper embody the flapper embody the changing values and changing values and attitudes of young women in attitudes of young women in the 1920’s?the 1920’s?

What were the causes and What were the causes and results of the changing roles results of the changing roles of women in the 1920’s?of women in the 1920’s?

Women’s Changing RolesWomen’s Changing Roles Image of the Image of the FlapperFlapper

Rebellious, energetic, fun-loving, Rebellious, energetic, fun-loving, and bold.and bold.

Stylish Urban young womenStylish Urban young women Impact on fashion and behaviorImpact on fashion and behavior

Short bobbed hair and make-upShort bobbed hair and make-upWide-brimmed hatsWide-brimmed hatsClose fitting dresses, very shortClose fitting dresses, very shortDrank and Smoked in publicDrank and Smoked in publicDancing and language annoyed Dancing and language annoyed parentsparents

The Double StandardThe Double Standard A set of standards granting A set of standards granting

greater sexual freedom to greater sexual freedom to men than to womenmen than to women

Women were required to Women were required to observe stricter standards observe stricter standards of behavior than men didof behavior than men did

Women were pulled back Women were pulled back and forth between new and forth between new standards and the oldstandards and the old

Images of the FlappersImages of the Flappers

Women Working and Women Working and VotingVoting 15% of wage earning women 15% of wage earning women

became professionals, although became professionals, although businesses remained prejudice businesses remained prejudice towards women.towards women.

Only 35% of women voted in 1920.Only 35% of women voted in 1920. Progressive women did lobby the Progressive women did lobby the

Shepard –Towner ActShepard –Towner Act which aided which aided women and children. (Infant/Pre-women and children. (Infant/Pre-natal care.)natal care.)

Jeanette Rankin WY, US HouseJeanette Rankin WY, US House of of Reps.Reps.

Ch 13 Sec3 Education and Ch 13 Sec3 Education and Popular CulturePopular Culture

What was popular culture of What was popular culture of the 1920’s?the 1920’s?

How did mass media create How did mass media create a shared culture?a shared culture?

Why did the youth Why did the youth dominated decade come to dominated decade come to be called the Roaring be called the Roaring twenties?twenties?

Americans on the MoveAmericans on the Move By 1920, more Americans lived By 1920, more Americans lived

in cities.in cities. High School enrollments and High School enrollments and

Taxes increasedTaxes increased Rural /Urban split due to Rural /Urban split due to

changes in education, changes in education, occupations, and cultural issues.occupations, and cultural issues.

Over 500,000 African Americans Over 500,000 African Americans migrated from South to North.migrated from South to North.

Better jobs, education, yet harsh Better jobs, education, yet harsh discrimination. (De Facto discrimination. (De Facto Discrimination)Discrimination)

Other MigrationOther Migration Mexicans emigrated to the US Mexicans emigrated to the US

because of job opportunities.because of job opportunities. The US had limited The US had limited

immigration with quotas for immigration with quotas for European, Japanese and European, Japanese and Chinese immigrants.Chinese immigrants.

Los Angeles developed a Los Angeles developed a district barrio or Spanish district barrio or Spanish speaking neighborhood.speaking neighborhood.

Puerto Ricans migrated to NYCPuerto Ricans migrated to NYC

Growth of SuburbsGrowth of Suburbs Trolleys allowed people to Trolleys allowed people to

get from their suburban get from their suburban homes to jobs and stores.homes to jobs and stores.

By mid 1920’s 70,000 buses By mid 1920’s 70,000 buses were operating in the US.were operating in the US.

Cars became cheaper and Cars became cheaper and offered greater flexibility in offered greater flexibility in travel.travel.

American HeroesAmerican Heroes Charles Lindbergh – 1927 NY to Charles Lindbergh – 1927 NY to

ParisParis Amelia Earhart – 1932 CA to Amelia Earhart – 1932 CA to

HawaiiHawaii Jack Dempsey- Heavyweight Jack Dempsey- Heavyweight

ChampChamp Babe Ruth – 60 HR in 1927, Babe Ruth – 60 HR in 1927,

YankeesYankees Gertrude Ederle – Gold medalist Gertrude Ederle – Gold medalist

19241924

Mass MediaMass MediaMOVIES:MOVIES:80 million tickets sold a 80 million tickets sold a week.week.The first talkie The Jazz The first talkie The Jazz Singer 1927.Singer 1927.Big Stars: Greta Garbo, Big Stars: Greta Garbo, Clara Bow, Charlie Chaplin, Clara Bow, Charlie Chaplin, Lon Chaney, Mary Pickford, Lon Chaney, Mary Pickford, Gloria Swanson, and Gloria Swanson, and Rudolph Valentino.Rudolph Valentino.

Newspapers and Newspapers and MagazinesMagazines Between 1920 and 1929 daily Between 1920 and 1929 daily

newspaper circulation rose newspaper circulation rose from 28 million to almost 40 from 28 million to almost 40 million.million.

By 1929 Americans were buying By 1929 Americans were buying 200 million copies of 200 million copies of magazines.magazines.

Saturday Evening Post, Saturday Evening Post, Readers Digest, Ladies Home Readers Digest, Ladies Home Journal, and Time were popular.Journal, and Time were popular.

Popular MagazinesPopular Magazines

Radio of the 1920’sRadio of the 1920’s First radio broadcast – 1920 First radio broadcast – 1920

Election results by KDKA in Election results by KDKA in PittsburghPittsburgh

By 1922, 500 stations were on By 1922, 500 stations were on airair

NBC, CBS brought the same NBC, CBS brought the same jokes, commercials, music, jokes, commercials, music, sports, religious services, and sports, religious services, and news to many Americans.news to many Americans.

Between 1922 and 1929 the # of Between 1922 and 1929 the # of radios rose from 60,000 to 12milradios rose from 60,000 to 12mil

Radio 1920’sRadio 1920’s

Art and Literature of the Art and Literature of the 1920’s1920’s

Famous Artists: Edward Hopper, Famous Artists: Edward Hopper, Rockwell Kent, Georgia O’Keeffe.Rockwell Kent, Georgia O’Keeffe.

Famous Authors: Famous Authors: Sinclair LewisSinclair Lewis F. Scott FitzgeraldF. Scott Fitzgerald Earnest HemingwayEarnest Hemingway T.S. ElliotT.S. Elliot ““The Lost Generation” –authors The Lost Generation” –authors disconnected from their country disconnected from their country and its values.and its values.

The Lost GenerationThe Lost Generation

Ch 13 Sec 4 The Harlem Ch 13 Sec 4 The Harlem RenaissanceRenaissance

What were the cause and What were the cause and results of the Great results of the Great Migration of African Migration of African Americans to Northern cities Americans to Northern cities in the early 1900’s?in the early 1900’s?

What was the prolific African What was the prolific African –American artistic activity of –American artistic activity of the Harlem Renaissance?the Harlem Renaissance?

The Harlem RenaissanceThe Harlem Renaissance NYC’s Harlem was a cultural NYC’s Harlem was a cultural

center for African Americans.center for African Americans. The Renaissance is known as a The Renaissance is known as a

cultural and literary awakening as cultural and literary awakening as well as a time of acceptance.well as a time of acceptance.

Authors:Authors:Alan Locke - The New Negro Alan Locke - The New Negro (1925)(1925)

Zora Nele Hurston -Their Eyes Zora Nele Hurston -Their Eyes are Watching God (1937)are Watching God (1937)

Harlem Renaissance IIHarlem Renaissance IIFamous Poets: Famous Poets:

Claude McCayClaude McCay – Harlem – Harlem Shadows (1922)Shadows (1922)

Countee CullenCountee Cullen – Color – ColorLangston HughesLangston Hughes – The – The Weary Blues, I Too Weary Blues, I Too (1926)(1926)

The Jazz AgeThe Jazz Age Jazz grew out of African Jazz grew out of African American music of the American music of the South like Ragtime and South like Ragtime and Blues.Blues.

Jazz Clubs, Radio Play, and Jazz Clubs, Radio Play, and DancesDancesCotton Club – Harlem NYCCotton Club – Harlem NYCConnie’s InnConnie’s InnSaratoga ClubSaratoga Club

Cotton ClubCotton Club

Jazz Age IconsJazz Age Icons

Jelly Roll MortonJelly Roll Morton Benny GoodmanBenny Goodman Louis ArmstrongLouis Armstrong Duke EllingtonDuke Ellington Ma RaineyMa Rainey Bessy SmithBessy Smith

Duke Ellington and Duke Ellington and George GershwinGeorge Gershwin

African- American VoicesAfrican- American Voices The Great Migration saw 500,000 The Great Migration saw 500,000

African Americans move NorthAfrican Americans move North NAACP -1909 – WEB Du BoisNAACP -1909 – WEB Du Bois Du Bois wrote Du Bois wrote The CrisisThe Crisis an an

NAACP magazine to highlight NAACP magazine to highlight racial violence and to form a racial violence and to form a platform in the civil rights fightplatform in the civil rights fight

1920’s – Executive Secretary of 1920’s – Executive Secretary of the NAACP James Weldonthe NAACP James Weldon Johnson fought for anti-Johnson fought for anti-lynching lawslynching laws

Marcus Garvey and the Marcus Garvey and the UNIAUNIA Marcus Garvey an immigrant from Marcus Garvey an immigrant from

Jamaica believed African Americans Jamaica believed African Americans should build a separate society.should build a separate society.

In 1918 the UNIA was moved to In 1918 the UNIA was moved to HarlemHarlem

It promoted black owned It promoted black owned businessesbusinesses

He founded the “Black Star” He founded the “Black Star” Shipping LineShipping Line

He inspired Black PrideHe inspired Black Pride Proposed “Back to Motherland Proposed “Back to Motherland

Africa” MovementAfrica” Movement

1920’s Images1920’s Images