The Precaution Adoption Process Model Liz McDermott H 571: Principles of Health Behavior
Dec 16, 2015
The Precaution Adoption Process ModelLiz McDermottH 571: Principles of Health Behavior
Overview• Characteristics of Stage Models
• Stages included in the Precaution Adoption Process Model
• The Precaution Adoption Process Model and the Theory of Triadic Influence
• Precaution Adoption Process Model and Processes of Change
• Group Discussion
Stage Models• Change occurs as a result of passing through series of
sequential stages resulting in either:• Elimination of a health-risk behavior• Long-term adoption of a health-protective behavior
• To enter a subsequent stage, one must successfully complete the tasks of the previous stage
• Useful for developing and implementing stage-matched/stage-targeted interventions
Assumptions of Stage Models• Classification system defining stages
• Ordering of stages
• Common barriers to change experienced by individuals in same stage
• Different barriers to change experienced by individuals in different stages
Precaution Adoption Process Model (PAPM) & Your Health Behavior• Keep your health behavior of
interest in mind and think about the following:• Does your health behavior of
interest fit with the PAPM model?
• If so, what aspects of the model make it a particularly good fit for your health behavior?
• If not, why? What are some of the gaps or limitations of the model?
Stages of the PAPM• Composed of 7 stages
• Each stage represents unique patterns of beliefs, behavior, and experience
• Factors producing stage transitions differ depending on transition under consideration
Stages of the PAPM cont.
• Stage 1: Unaware of Health Issue
• Stage 2: Unengaged by Health Issue• Optimistic Bias
Stages of the PAPM cont.• Stage 3: Deciding about Acting
• Stage 4: Decided Not to Act• Confirmation Preservation, Hypothesis Preservation
Stages of the PAPM cont.• Stage 5: Decided to Act
• Stage 6: Acting
• Stage 7: Maintenance
10
DECISIONS/INTENTIONS
SOCIAL SITUATION
BIOLOGY/PERSONALITY
THE THEORY OF TRIADIC INFLUENCE
ATTITUDESTOWARD THE
BEHAVIOR
SOCIALNORMATIVE
BELIEFS
Trial Behavior
EXPERIENCES: Expectancies -- Social Reinforcements -- Psychological/Physiological
SELF-EFFICACYBEHAVIORAL
CONTROL
Nurture/CulturalBiological/NatureIntrapersonal Stream Social/Normative Stream Cultural/Attitudinal Stream
Values/Evaluations
Knowledge/Expectancies
PerceivedNorms
Information/Opportunities
InterpersonalBonding
SocialCompetence
Interactions w/Social Instit’s
Others’Beh & Atts
Motivationto Comply
Skills:Social+General
Sense ofSelf/Control
SelfDetermination
1 2 3
7 8 9 10 11 12
13 14 15 16 17 18
l
4 5 6
19 20 21
22
23
DistalInfluences
ProximalPredictors
Levels ofCausation
UltimateCauses
Social/Personal Nexus
Expectancies & Evaluations
Affect andCognitions
Decisions
Experiences
a
b c d e
f
g h i
jk m n
o
p q r
s
t u v w
x
Related BehaviorsJ
K
CF
IB E HA D G
CULTURALENVIRONMENT
PAPM & Processes of Change• Does not prescribe specific processes of change
• Stage progression may occur as a result of many varied intervention techniques
• Potential of alternative theories to provide insight into mechanisms of PAPM stage movement
• Weakness of the PAPM?
Remember…PAPM & Your Health Behavior• Does your health behavior of
interest fit with the PAPM model?
• What aspects of the model make it a good fit for your health behavior?
-or-
• What prevents your health behavior of interest from fitting with the model?
• What are some of the gaps or limitations of the model?
PAPM & Potential Processes of Change• Using vaccination as your health behavior, what are some
examples of factors that may contribute to an individual’s stage progression in the PAPM?
• Stage 1 (Unaware of Health Issue) to Stage 2 (Unengaged by Health Issue)
• Stage 3 (Deciding about Acting) to Stage 4 (Decided Not to Act) -or- Stage 5 (Decided to Act)
Thank You!