THE NORTHERN RENAISSANCE 1300 - 1600
Feb 23, 2016
THE NORTHERN RENAISSANCE
1300 - 1600
The Plague (Black Death)
Spread of Black Death Interactive Map: http://wadsworth.cengage.com/history_d/templates/student_resources/0534600069_spielvogel/InteractiveMaps/swfs/map11_1.html
Black Death Song: “Fleas on Rats” http://www.schooltube.com/video/ccc6a8f747a2ed3db3c6/
The Plague Video: http://www.history.com/topics/black-death/videos#coroners-report-plague
Ring Around the Rosie Nursery Rhyme
Common British versions include:Ring-a-ring o' roses,A pocket full of posies,A-tishoo! A-tishoo!We all fall down.
Common American versions include:Ring-a-round the rosie,A pocket full of posies,Ashes! Ashes!We all fall down.
The last two lines are sometimes varied to:Hush! Hush! Hush! Hush!We've all tumbled down.
Population of N. Europe beginning to recover
Previous serfs now able to “break free” and demand higher wages
Sparks of creativity and new inventions
Cities growing
Urban merchants become wealthy & sponsor artists
AFTER THE BLACK DEATH
Most people were VERY religious, but too many were suffering & dying! Started to pull away from the Catholic Church
Looking to SECULAR (worldly) ideals of the here and now vs. life after death
Begin studying HUMANISM: study of human potential & achievement
RENAISSANCE BEGINNING
Explosion of creativity in Europe Renaissance or “rebirth” of art & learning
Began in Italy & spread north to Europe because:Thriving citiesWealthy merchantsGreek & Roman heritage (classical)Trade started by Crusades
1300-1600
WHY WAS ITALY THE FIRST TO RECOVER?
Wealthiest/powerful class & dominated politics
Wealth based on success of their business
Felt they deserved power based on achievements
Florence, Italy ruled by MEDICI family (trade/banking merchants) for 30 years
Lorenzo the Magnificent: major PATRON (supporter) of the arts
MERCHANTS
Renaissance is bringing back classical art & literature from Greek & Roman times
In Italy, now painting/sculpting SECULAR arts, NOT RELIGIOUS arts more realistic people in classical settings
NEW ARTISTIC TECHNIQUES
3 DimensionalDistant objects are smaller
PERSPECTIVE
SHADINGHelps objects to look more realistic; 3-D look
VS
Study of human anatomy to paint and sculpt better
More natural postures and expressions
SCULPTURES
DONATELLO: sculptor and painter; Revealed personality in his artOne of the first to do a nude statueFirst bronze statue of St. Louis of
Toulouse
NINJA TURTLES:DONATELLO
LEONARDO DA VINCI: painter, sculptor, inventor, & scientist a true “Renaissance Man”Mona LisaThe Last Supper
NINJA TURTLES:LEONARDO
MICHELANGELO: sculptor and painterSistine ChapelStatue of David
NINJA TURTLES: MICHELANGELO
RAPHAEL studied from Michelangelo and Leonardo; painterMadonna and ChildSchool of Athens
NINJA TURTLES:RAPHAEL
ERASMUS:The Praise of Folly – said to improve society, all should study Bible
MORE:Utopia – imaginary land inhabited by
peaceful people; no use for money; means “no place”, but in English means “ideal place”
RENAISSANCE WRITERS
WILLIAM SHAKESPEAREGreatest playwright of all time: sonnets,
plays, essaysRomeo and JulietHamletOthelloMacbethMidsummer Night’s DreamJulius CaesarKing Lear
RENAISSANCE WRITERS, PART II
Chinese 1st invent block printing
JOHANN GUTENBERG: reinvents moveable type & comes up with printing pressGutenberg Bible: first full size book printedCame in English, French, and German
VERNACULAR (own language) increasedCan produce 100’s of copiesEncouraged people to learn to read! RISE
IN LITERACY & IDEAS SPREAD FASTER
PRINTING SPREADS RENAISSANCE IDEAS