The Law on social development and the introduction of multidimensional poverty, CONEVAL (Mexico)

The Law on Social Development and the Introduction of

Multidimensional Poverty in Mexico

“Institutional Frameworks for Social Equity Monitoring and Improving the Effectiveness of Public Policies in

Promoting Equity”

Ricardo Aparicio

AlgeriaDecember 15-16, 2014

Social Rights in Social Inclusion

Social Inclusio

n

Human Rights

Human Develop-

ment

United Nations Charter

Amartya Sen

Universality

Progressivity

Indivisibility

Human Rights Principles

Background

20041917

MexicoFirst country that included Social Rights in the Political

Constitution

Political Constitutio

n

-Social Development Law (SDL)

-Multidimensional official measurement

-National Council of Evaluation of Social Development Policy (CONEVAL)

Social Development Law

Social Developme

nt Law(SDL)

It affirms Human Rights established in

the constitution

It mandates an official poverty measure with a multidimension

al approach

It institutionalizes the evaluation of social programs

(promotes evaluation

culture)It mandates the production of

information for monitoring and

evaluating progress in social

policy

CONEVAL Functions

SDL creates CONEVAL, with two principal attributions:

The social development

policy evaluation

The poverty measurement

with a multidimensional

approach

What is CONEVAL?

6 Academic Researchers

Executive Secretary

• Public institution with technical authonomy:

• It measures poverty in a multidimensional way at national, state and municipality levels

• It sets out norms and coordinates evaluation of the policy and programs of social development

Mexico’s Legal Framework of the Law for Social Development

Rights for Social

Development

Education

Health

Social security

Food Housing

Work

Healthy environ-

ment

Non discrimi-nation

“To guarantee full exercise of the social rights stablished in the Constitution, granting access to social development to the whole

population”

Constitutional Reforms on Human Rights, 2011

CONEVAL adopts human rights approach

A dignified life means that people bear universal, inalienable and

unrenounceable rights

Freedom is fundamental

Everyone has the right to an adequate standard of living

There are non-monetary attributes that cannot be bought

through markets

Non-discrimination and equality

People rights to participate actively in public and democratic

processes

Its implementation requires a system of transparency and

accountability

People empowerment to legally enforce their rights

A multidimensional methodology for measuring poverty…

Why?

What for?

To move towards a system of integrated social development, based on human rights

To follow up all the different dimensions that affect social development, not just income

Social development and poverty are multidimensional

Income is important but is far from being enough

A multidimensional methodology for measuring poverty…

What are the benefit

s?

Identifies the dimensions and subgroups that social policy should focus on the first place

Need to apply:

Economic and social policiesUniversal and targeted policiesComplementary rather than isolated

actions

Multidimensional Poverty in Mexico

Access to food

Housing

quality and

spaces

Access to basic services

of housing

Social cohesi

on grade

Dimensions of poverty

(SDL: Article 36)Educational gap

Access to

health service

s

Access to

social securit

y

Income

PeriodicityStates: 2 yearsMunicipalities: 5 years

Information of INEGI*

* Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía

Meaning of overcoming poverty for people’s lives

Educational gap

IncomeAccess to

food

Access to basic services

of housing

Housing quality and

spaces

Access to health services

Access to social

security

Well-paid jobs with social

benefitsEnough food for everybody (quantity, quality

and variety)

Water, drainage, electricity and

right conditions for cooking

Enough space for household members

and suitable materials for habitability

(ceilings, walls,floors)

Formal employment and protection from

accidents, diseases or stages of the life cycle (pregnancy,

elderlies)

Entitlement to health care

School attendance and universal basic

education

Complementary

indicators

How is the official methodology?

Territorial

Social RightsSocial deprivation

PopulationMexico

Well-b

ein

gIn

com

e

Per capita current income

Social cohesion grade

• Education

•Health

•Social security

•Housing

• Basic services

•Feed03 2 1456

Multidimensional Poverty in Mexico

Social rightsSocial deprivations

EWL

03

Vulnerable by social

deprivation

Vulnerable by income

5 24 16

Not poorand not

vulnerable

Poor

Wel

l-be

ing

Inco

me

Figure 1

Social rights

Social deprivations

EWL

035 24 16

MWLExtreme poverty

Moderate poverty

Figure 2

A person is considered poor if she has an insufficient income for meeting her food and non-food needs and she

has at least one social deprivation

A person is considered extreme poor if she has an insufficient income for meeting her food needs and she has

at least three social deprivations

Multidimensional measurement: properties

Dimension decomposability

1Population groups decomposability

2Comparability across time

3

Identification of priority population

groups

¡Merci!

Thank you!

¡Gracias!

Contact information

Ricardo AparicioDirector, Poverty Analysis

[email protected]

Consejo Nacional de Evaluación de la Política de Desarrollo Social(CONEVAL)

Boulevard Adolfo López Mateos No.160. Coll. San Ángel Inn, Delegación Álvaro Obregón, C.P. 01060, México, D.F

www.coneval.gob.mx