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The Late Nineteenth Century
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The Late Nineteenth Century. The Crystal Palace, 1851.

Dec 13, 2015

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Page 1: The Late Nineteenth Century. The Crystal Palace, 1851.

The Late Nineteenth Century

Page 2: The Late Nineteenth Century. The Crystal Palace, 1851.

The Crystal Palace, 1851

Page 3: The Late Nineteenth Century. The Crystal Palace, 1851.

1851 International Exhibition

•Joseph Paxton

•June 11, 1850-May 1, 1851

•1,851 feet by 400

•3300 cast iron columns

Page 4: The Late Nineteenth Century. The Crystal Palace, 1851.
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Page 7: The Late Nineteenth Century. The Crystal Palace, 1851.

Interior of Houses of Parliament

Page 8: The Late Nineteenth Century. The Crystal Palace, 1851.

The rise of the Civil Engineer

• Using the science of statics (based upon Newton’s Laws of Motion) to measure and calculate forces of gravity and stress.

• “Civil” because addressing structures in civilian life.

• Beginning of separation of “architect” and “engineer”

Page 9: The Late Nineteenth Century. The Crystal Palace, 1851.

Pont-Neuf, Paris

Page 10: The Late Nineteenth Century. The Crystal Palace, 1851.

Gustave Eiffel

• Garabit Viaduct: the truss

Page 11: The Late Nineteenth Century. The Crystal Palace, 1851.
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The Eiffel Tower

• 1889 World’s Fair, Paris

• 1000 feet high

Page 15: The Late Nineteenth Century. The Crystal Palace, 1851.

Bessemer Process, 1860

Page 16: The Late Nineteenth Century. The Crystal Palace, 1851.

The Skyscraper: The Chicago School

• The engineer: William Lebaron Jenney

• The architect: Louis Sullivan

Page 17: The Late Nineteenth Century. The Crystal Palace, 1851.

Chicago in 1863

Page 18: The Late Nineteenth Century. The Crystal Palace, 1851.

Great Chicago Fire, 1871

• 17,450 buildings destroyed

• Four square miles of the downtown area in ruins

• Opportunity to build a “modern” city

• Population boom: 325,000in 1871; 1.5 million by 1893

Page 19: The Late Nineteenth Century. The Crystal Palace, 1851.

William LeBaron Jenney

• Home Insurance Building, 1883-85

Page 20: The Late Nineteenth Century. The Crystal Palace, 1851.

Steel Frame

Page 21: The Late Nineteenth Century. The Crystal Palace, 1851.

The Bird Cage Legend

Page 22: The Late Nineteenth Century. The Crystal Palace, 1851.

Curtain Wall Construction

Page 23: The Late Nineteenth Century. The Crystal Palace, 1851.
Page 24: The Late Nineteenth Century. The Crystal Palace, 1851.

Louis Sullivan(1856-1924)

“Father of the Skyscraper”

Page 25: The Late Nineteenth Century. The Crystal Palace, 1851.
Page 26: The Late Nineteenth Century. The Crystal Palace, 1851.

• The Wainwright

• St. Louis

• 1890

Page 27: The Late Nineteenth Century. The Crystal Palace, 1851.

The skyscraper (Tall office Building)

Page 28: The Late Nineteenth Century. The Crystal Palace, 1851.
Page 29: The Late Nineteenth Century. The Crystal Palace, 1851.
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Carson Pirie Scott Department Store, 1899

Page 33: The Late Nineteenth Century. The Crystal Palace, 1851.
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Consequences of the Industrial Revolution

• Wage labor• Crowded cities• Cheap, shoddy goods• Dore: “Over London

By Rail” 1872

Page 40: The Late Nineteenth Century. The Crystal Palace, 1851.

Victorian Interior

Page 41: The Late Nineteenth Century. The Crystal Palace, 1851.

Frank Lloyd Wright (1867-1959)

Page 42: The Late Nineteenth Century. The Crystal Palace, 1851.

The Prairie House, c. 1900

Page 43: The Late Nineteenth Century. The Crystal Palace, 1851.

• Thomas House, Oak Park, Chicago

Page 44: The Late Nineteenth Century. The Crystal Palace, 1851.
Page 45: The Late Nineteenth Century. The Crystal Palace, 1851.
Page 46: The Late Nineteenth Century. The Crystal Palace, 1851.

• Ward Willitts House, 1900

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Japanese Prints

Page 52: The Late Nineteenth Century. The Crystal Palace, 1851.
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The Robie House, 1906

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Page 64: The Late Nineteenth Century. The Crystal Palace, 1851.

Victorian Interior

Page 65: The Late Nineteenth Century. The Crystal Palace, 1851.
Page 66: The Late Nineteenth Century. The Crystal Palace, 1851.
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Page 69: The Late Nineteenth Century. The Crystal Palace, 1851.

Steel

Page 70: The Late Nineteenth Century. The Crystal Palace, 1851.

Roman Brick

Page 71: The Late Nineteenth Century. The Crystal Palace, 1851.

Gull-wing gutters

Page 72: The Late Nineteenth Century. The Crystal Palace, 1851.
Page 73: The Late Nineteenth Century. The Crystal Palace, 1851.

• “Prairie House,” 1910 for a German magazine


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