The Future of the Integrated Library Management System

THE FUTURE OF THE INTEGRATED LIBRARY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

Marshall BreedingDirector for Innovative Technology and ResearchVanderbilt University LibraryFounder and Publisher, Library Technology Guideshttp://www.librarytechnology.org/http://twitter.com/mbreeding17 Nov, 2010 LATN Webinar

Summary

Marshall Breeding will present an overview of the current state of library automation, with a glimpse into the current and future trends involving integrated library systems. As library automation products mature and as demands increase for more openness and interoperability, we see increased emphasis on open source software and application programming interfaces as key differentiators. Discovery interfaces play an ever more important role, representing a decoupling between the ILS and other products that specialize in end-user presentation.

Library Technology Guides

www.librarytechnolog

y.org

Lib-web-cats Technology Profile

Lib-web-cats extended for RFID Products

ILS market in Australia – Public

http://www.librarytechnology.org/lwc-ils-marketshare.pl?Country=Australia&Type=Public

ILS market in Australia – Academic

http://www.librarytechnology.org/lwc-ils-marketshare.pl?Country=Australia&Type=Academic

Lib-web-cats tech profile

Library Journal Automation Marketplace

Published annually in April 1 issue Based on data provided by each vendor Focused primarily on North America

Context of global library automation market

Annual Industry report published in Library Journal: 2010: ??? 2009: Investing in the Future 2008: Opportunity out of turmoil 2007: An industry redefined 2006: Reshuffling the deck 2005: Gradual evolution 2004: Migration down, innovation up 2003: The competition heats up 2002: Capturing the migrating customer

LJ Automation Marketplace

New Models…

 …no longer an industry where companies compete on the basis

of the best or the most features in similar products but one where companies distinguish themselves through products and services that define different futures for their library customers.

Core Systems…

Although ILS sales no longer completely define the library

automation market, new sales and ongoing support of

these flagship products continue as the largest and

most reliable revenue stream.

General Findings

Moderately slow year for Core ILS products

Strong sales in Discovery Products Strategy to move forward with new user

interfaces and defer investments in ILS replacement

Current products deliver modern interfaces, while mainly addressing local content (ILS / local digital)

Emerging products bring vast collections of articles into the primary discovery layer: Web-scale discovery

Key Context: Libraries in Transition Academic

Shift from Print > Electronic Increasing emphasis on subscribed content, especially

articles and databases Public

Increased emphasis on patron engagement – on premises and via the Web

Strong emphasis on digitizing local collections Demands for enterprise integration and

interoperability Period of crisis for many libraries through reduced

funding

Key Context: Library Users in Transition

New generations of library users: Millennial generation

Self sufficient – reluctant to seek assistance Receptive to self-service Perceive themselves as competent to use

information tools without help Web savvy / Digital natives Pervasive Web 2.0 concepts Inherently collaborative work styles

Key Context: Technologies in transition

XML / Web services / Service-oriented Architecture

Beyond Web 2.0 Integration of social computing into core

infrastructure Local computing shifting to cloud platforms

SaaS / private cloud / public cloud Full spectrum of devices

full-scale / net book / tablet / mobile Mobile the current focus, but is only one

example of device and interface cycles

LMS: a legacy concept?

LMS = Integrated Library System (Cataloging + Circulation + OPAC + Serials +

Acquisitions) Focused on print and physical inventory Electronic content at the Journal Title or

collection level Emerged in the 1960’s – 1970’s Functionality has evolved and expanded,

but basic concepts and modules remain intact

Note: Some companies work toward evolving the LMS to competently handle both print and digital content (e.g. Innovative Interfaces)

Rethinking library automation

Fundamental assumption: Print + Digital = Hybrid libraries

Traditional ILS model not adequate for hybrid libraries

Libraries currently moving toward surrounding core ILS with additional modules to handle electronic content

New discovery layer interfaces replacing or supplementing ILS OPACS

Working toward a new model of library automation Monolithic legacy architectures replaced by fabric of SOA

applications Comprehensive Resource Management

“It's Time to Break the Mold of the Original ILS” Computers in Libraries Nov/Dec 2007

Competing Models of Library Automation

Traditional Proprietary Commercial ILS Millennium, Symphony, Polaris

Traditional Open Source ILS Evergreen, Koha

Clean slate automation framework (SOA, enterprise-ready) Ex Libris URM, OLE Project

Cloud-based automation system WorldCat Local (+circ, acq, license

management)

OCLC Web-scale Management Service

"the first Web-scale, cooperative library management service”

New highly scaleable platform for WorldCat Cataloging Interlibrary loan Discovery (WorldCat Local) Circulation Acquisitions License Management

Early deployments underway now – UTC, Pepperdine, etcIn Challenge to ILS Industry, OCLC Extends WorldCat Local To Launch New Library System

Marshall Breeding, Library Journal 4/23/2009http://www.libraryjournal.com/article/CA6653619.html

Open Source Library Automation Koha

Evergreen

Kuali OLE

The Shrinking LMS

The Library Management System no longer stands as the single library automation product that provides comprehensive support for all aspects of library operations.

Many libraries putting much less emphasis on LMS

Manages workflows related to physical materials

Investments in electronic content increasing

Management of e-content handled outside of the ILS

…shrinking LMS

Yet: libraries need comprehensive business automation more than ever. Mandate for more efficient operations. Do more with less.

Proliferation of automation products needed to handle all aspects of libraries can overwhelm many libraries

Libraries lack technical personnel and needed capital to purchase and manage multiple systems

Legacy LMS Model

Circulation

BIB

Staff Interfaces:

Holding / Items

CircTransact

User Vendor Policies$$$

Funds

Cataloging Acquisitions Serials OnlineCatalog

Public Interfaces:

Interfaces

BusinessLogic

DataStores

Closed Systems

CirculationAcquisitionsCataloging

Staff Interfaces:

End User Interfaces:

Data Stores:

Functionalmodules:

No programmable Access to the system.

Captive to the userInterfaces supplied by the developer

Programmer access:

Breaking out of the mold

Academic and Research libraries especially struggle with how to deal with managing increasing proportions of licensed electronic content

LMS geared toward print materials New products aim to manage library

resources spanning print and electronic; owned or licensed

Examples: Ex Libris URM, Kuali OLE

Legacy ILS + e-content modules

FederatedSearch

Circulation Acquisitions

Cataloging Serials

OpenURLLinking

Electronic Resource

MgmtSystem

Staff Interfaces:

End User Interfaces:

Data Stores:

Functionalmodules:

LMS / Electronic Resource Management

Circulation

BIB

Staff Interfaces:

Holding / Items

CircTransact

User Vendor Policies$$$

Funds

CatalogingAcquisitionsSerials OnlineCatalog

Public Interfaces:

Application Programming Interfaces

`

LicenseManagement

LicenseTerms

E-resourceProcurement

VendorsE-Journal

Titles

Protocols: CORE

LMS / Electronic Resource Management

Circulation

BIB

Staff Interfaces:

Holding / Items

CircTransact

User Vendor Policies$$$

Funds

Cataloging Acquisitions Serials + e-resources

Online Catalog

Public Interfaces:

Application Programming InterfacesLicense

manager

LicenseTerms

Print +Electronic

Application Programming Interfaces A set of tools used by programmers to:

Extend Functionality Connect external systems Extract or synchronize data

Proprietary API’s common in LMS space Moving toward open API’s and Web

Services

`

Legacy ILS Model / API

Circulation

BIB

Staff Interfaces:

Holding / Items

CircTransact

User Vendor Policies$$$

Funds

Cataloging Acquisitions Serials OnlineCatalog

Public Interfaces:

Interfaces

BusinessLogic

DataStores

Application Programming Interfaces

Legacy ILS Model / protocol

Circulation

BIB

Staff Interfaces:

Holding / Items

CircTransact

User Vendor Policies$$$

Funds

CatalogingAcquisitions Serials OnlineCatalog

Public Interfaces:

Application Programming Interfaces

Protocols: SIP2 NCIP Z39.50 OAI-PMH

Self-Check

Self-Check

Interlibrary

LoanSystem

Interlibrary

LoanSystem

Legacy ILS Model / External API

Circulation

BIB

Staff Interfaces:

Holding / Items

CircTransact

User Vendor Policies$$$

Funds

CatalogingAcquisitions Serials OnlineCatalog

Public Interfaces:

Application Programming Interfaces / Web Services

Protocols: SIP2 NCIP Z39.50 OAI-PMH

ExternalSystems

& Services

ExternalSystems

& Services

Flexible Interoperability

Benefits of APIs to Libraries

Extensibility Interoperability Allows the LMS to connect with other automation

components Create a matrix of interconnected systems rather

than isolated silos with redundant data and functionality

LMS maturity means similar levels of functionality LMS products increasingly differentiated by extent

and quality of APIs and interoperability support

Decoupled Discovery

Online Catalogs delivered with LMS products seen as not suitable for current Web-savvy library uses

Need to modernize the interface Expand the scope to encompass all

aspects of library collections

Evolution of library collection discovery tools

Bound handwritten catalogs Card Catalogs Library online catalogs – OPACs Next-Gen Catalogs / Discovery interfaces Social Discovery Web-scale discovery services Comprehensive presentation layer

services

Bound Catalog

National Library of Colombia

Card Catalog

National Library of Argentina

Card Catalog

National and University Library, Slovenia

Card Catalog

Card Catalog

University of Kansas Library

Online Card Catalog

Salem International University

Computerized card catalog

Online Catalog

Search:

Search Results

ILS Data

Web-based online catalog

Disjointed approach to information and service delivery

Silos Prevail Books: Library OPAC (ILS module) Articles: Aggregated content products, e-journal

collections OpenURL linking services E-journal finding aids (Often managed by link

resolver) Subject guides (e.g. Springshare LibGuides) Local digital collections

ETDs, photos, rich media collections Metasearch engines

All searched separately

Federated Search

Simultaneous search of library catalog and selected remote resources of electronic content

Based on live, dynamic queries cast to multiple targets

Limited result sets, slow performance Search and retrieval protocols: Z39.50,

XML gateways

Federated Search

Search: Digital

Collections

ProQuest

EBSCOhost

…MLA

Bibliography

ABC-CLIO

Search Results

Real-time query and responses

ILS Data

Modernized Interface

Single search box Query tools

Did you mean Type-ahead

Relevance ranked results Faceted navigation Enhanced visual displays

Cover art Summaries, reviews,

Recommendation services

Discovery Products

http://www.librarytechnology.org/

discovery.pl

Decoupled from ILS

Discovery Interface

Search: Digital

Collections

ProQuest

EBSCOhost

…MLA

Bibliography

ABC-CLIO

Search Results

Real-time query and responses

ILS Data

Local Index

Meta

Search

En

gin

e

Endeca

AquaBrowser

AquaBrowser

AquaBrowser

LS2 PAC

VuFind

VuFind: Villanova University

Differentiation in Discovery

Products increasingly specialized between public and academic libraries

Public libraries: emphasis on engagement with physical collection

Academic libraries: concern for discovery of heterogeneous material types, especially books + articles + digital objects

Discovery from Local to Web-scale Initial products focused on technology

AquaBrowser, Endeca, Primo, Encore, VuFind Mostly locally-installed software

Current phase focused on pre-populated indexes that aim to deliver Web-scale discovery Summon (Serials Solutions) WorldCat Local (OCLC) EBSCO Discovery Service (EBSCO) Primo Central Encore with Article Integration

Web-scale Discovery

Search: Digital

Collections

ProQuest

EBSCOhost

…MLA

Bibliography

ABC-CLIO

Search Results

Pre-built harvesting and indexing

Con

solid

ate

d In

dex

ILS Data

Web-scale Search + Federated Search

Search: Digital

Collections

ProQuest

…MLA

Bibliography

ABC-CLIO

Search Results

Pre-built harvesting and indexing

Con

solid

ate

d

Index

ILS Data

FedSearch Non-

harvestable

Resources

Interim model to deal with resources not possible to harvest into consolidated index

Summon

EBSCO Discovery Service

Primo / Primo Central

Social Discovery

Builds on modernized library catalog interfaces Strong emphasis on Web 2.0 concepts Users invited to contribute reviews, ratings,

preferences, reading lists, etc. User-supplied data becomes part of the

discovery process Users help each other to find interesting library

materials Example: Leverage use data for a

recommendation service of scholarly content based on link resolver data: Ex Libris bX service

Social Discovery

Search:

Digital Collections

Web site data

…User

Contributed Content

Search Results

Loca

l Ind

ex

ILS Data

BiblioCommons

BiblioCommons

SoPAC

SoPAC

ILS Model / Discovery

`Circulation

BIB

Staff Interfaces:

Holding / Items

CircTransact

UserVendor Policies$$$

Funds

CatalogingAcquisitionsSerials OnlineCatalog

Application Programming Interfaces

Con

solid

ate

d in

dex

Search Engine

Protocols: SIP2 NCIP Z39.50 OAI-PMH

Discovery ServiceSearch:

• Bibliographic Record Harvesting

• Real time Holdings Display

• Circulation Status• Requests: hold, renew,

ILS Model / Extended Discovery

`

API Layer

LMS

Con

solid

ate

d in

dex

Search Engine

Discovery ServiceSearch:

Digital Collectio

ns

ProQuest

EBSCOhost

…JSTOR

Other Resourc

es

Con

solid

ate

d in

dex

Search Engine

Discovery ServiceSearch:

Digital Coll

ProQuest

EBSCO…

JSTOR

Other Resour

ces

New Library Management Model

`

API Layer

Library Management

System

LearningManageme

nt

LearningManageme

nt

Enterprise ResourcePlanning

Enterprise ResourcePlanning

StockManageme

nt

StockManageme

nt

Self-Check /

Automated Return

Self-Check /

Automated Return

Authentication

Service

Authentication

Service

Smart Cad /

Payment systems

Smart Cad /

Payment systems

LMS as Middleware

LMS provides strategic core of automation

Less involved with end-user contact Discovery for Web-based collection

discovery and user services Self-service stations for loans and returns Smart-card and payment systems

Questions and discussion