The Formation of Western Europe 800-1500. Section 1 Church 1._______ and the 2._______ Dark Age:3. ___ – 1000 Centers of 4.________ destroyed 900.

The Formation of Western Europe800-1500

Section 1Church 1._______ and the 2._______ Dark Age:3. ___ –

1000 Centers of 4.________

destroyed 900

Spiritual 5._______ began

The Age of Faith 6._____________ led

the revival New 7.___________

orders established

Problems in the Church 8.__________ illiterate Popes had questionable

9.________ Bishops and

10._________ cared about being 11.___________ lords, not 12._________ leaders

Problems in the Church Continued Reformers Concerns

1. 13._________ married

2. Bishops practiced 14.________________

3. 15._______ investiture

Reform and Church Organization Pope 16.___________ and

Pope Gregory VII enforced Church laws against #’s 1 and 2

Church resembled a 17.__________ with pope at the top

18.________ advisors Papal Curia

Developed canon law

Church collected 19.________

New Religious Order 20.___________ spread

the word of Christianity What is the difference

between a friar and monk?21.____________________

Dominic (22._______ priest) Founder of the friar group

called the 23.____________

Scholars Francis of 24. __________

Founder of the friar group called 25._______________

New Religious Order Continued

1212, Franciscan order for 26.________ established Poor 27. __________

28._________ of Bingen Founder of

29.______________ convent

Women couldn’t 30._________

___________-Cities of God• They were viewed as the representation of the 31.________ of God

• 800-1100 Romanesque style– Round 32._________ – 33.__________ roof – 34.________ walls and

35.____________– Tiny 36._________, little

light

A New Style of Church 37._________ New spirit and

38._______ in the church brought a new style

39.___________ Term comes from a

Germanic tribe named the Goths

Gothic Tall 40.__________ 41.________ glass

windows Light

Cathedral of Notre Dahm

The Crusades How it began 42.____________

emperor sent a letter to the 43._________ of Flanders to ask help against 44._________ Turks who were attacking his capital, 45.____________ (which was in Christian land see page 383)

The Crusades Continued Pope 46.________

read the letter He called for a

“47._______ war”, a Crusade to gain control of the Holy Land

Goals of the Crusades Situation: Muslims controlled

48.__________ (the Holy Land) and threatened Constantinople

1. 49.__________ wants to reclaim Palestine

2. Opportunity to get rid of 50.___________ who fought each other They threatened peace in the

kingdom and 51.___ property Younger sons

3. Financially: merchants made money off of 52.__________ to finance the crusades Some wanted to win trade

routes

The First and Second Crusades

1st Crusade Goal

Stop 53._____________ from obtaining any more Holy Land

Take back any 54.________________ they already controlled

Result: Captured

55.___________ 4 Crusader states made

on narrow strip of land (56.__________ to Jerusalem)

The First and Second Crusades Continued

Situation: Edessa taken over by 56.__________

2nd Crusade Goal

win back 57.__________ Result

Crusaders 58.__________ Jerusalem taken by Muslim

leader 59._________ Between the 1st and 2nd crusades

is where Kingdom of Heaven occurs

The Third Crusade Effort to recapture

60._____________ People involved

61._________ of France 62._____________ (aka

Barbarossa) German Richard the Lion-Hearted

of 63._________ 64._________ left,

Barbarossa 65.__________

Saladin 66.________ leader

The Third Crusade Continued Results

Truce 67.______remained under 68._______ control 69.______ pilgrims could visit city’s holy places

The Crusading Spirit Dwindles 4th Crusade

Goal Capture 70. ________

Result Didn’t reach holy

lands Looted

71.____________

The Children’s Crusade Goal

72. ____________ Who was involved?

12-year-old 73.________________

74. __________ kids Result

Thousands 75. _______ crossing 76. ________

77.____told them to go home

Some were boarded on ships and disappeared

Spanish Crusade Goal

Drive the 78.__________ from 79.__________ Who was involved:

Muslims (aka 80.__________) Reconquista: What is it? 81. _____________________

Spanish Crusade Result

Muslims kicked out from Granada by 82.___________ and 83.___________

Ferdinand and Isabella Tried to 84._______

under Christianity Lead 85.___________ Purpose

Suppress 86.________ Results

87.______ at the stake Jews and Muslims

88._____________

The Effectsof the Crusades1. Travel

2. 89.________ could manage their own affairs, operate businesses

3. 90.________ expanded between Europe and Southwest Asia

4. Lessened the power of the 91._________

5. 92._____ Empire weakened

6. Muslims