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The Chemistry Of Dirt
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The Chemistry Of Dirt. What is Dirt Made OF? So, How do atoms Hook Together to make compounds and minerals and stuff like dirt? …… Well, I’m Glad you.

Dec 18, 2015

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Page 1: The Chemistry Of Dirt. What is Dirt Made OF? So, How do atoms Hook Together to make compounds and minerals and stuff like dirt? …… Well, I’m Glad you.

The Chemistry Of Dirt

Page 2: The Chemistry Of Dirt. What is Dirt Made OF? So, How do atoms Hook Together to make compounds and minerals and stuff like dirt? …… Well, I’m Glad you.

What is Dirt Made OF?

Page 3: The Chemistry Of Dirt. What is Dirt Made OF? So, How do atoms Hook Together to make compounds and minerals and stuff like dirt? …… Well, I’m Glad you.
Page 4: The Chemistry Of Dirt. What is Dirt Made OF? So, How do atoms Hook Together to make compounds and minerals and stuff like dirt? …… Well, I’m Glad you.

So, How do atoms Hook Together to make

compounds and minerals and stuff like dirt?

…… Well, I’m Glad you asked That question – But you need to hear a story first!!!!

Page 5: The Chemistry Of Dirt. What is Dirt Made OF? So, How do atoms Hook Together to make compounds and minerals and stuff like dirt? …… Well, I’m Glad you.

A Story AboutEarnest Rutherford in 1898

• Who used a led box with a radioactive compound in it to unveil the makeup of the atom.

Page 6: The Chemistry Of Dirt. What is Dirt Made OF? So, How do atoms Hook Together to make compounds and minerals and stuff like dirt? …… Well, I’m Glad you.
Page 7: The Chemistry Of Dirt. What is Dirt Made OF? So, How do atoms Hook Together to make compounds and minerals and stuff like dirt? …… Well, I’m Glad you.

Particle charge mass symbol stopped byAlpha 2+ 4 amu PaperBeta 1- 1/1837 amu foil

Gamma 0 0 1 inch lead

Page 8: The Chemistry Of Dirt. What is Dirt Made OF? So, How do atoms Hook Together to make compounds and minerals and stuff like dirt? …… Well, I’m Glad you.
Page 9: The Chemistry Of Dirt. What is Dirt Made OF? So, How do atoms Hook Together to make compounds and minerals and stuff like dirt? …… Well, I’m Glad you.

Particle symbol mass charge positionProton p+ 1.67 x10-27kg (1amu) 1+ nucleus

Neutron n 1.67 x10-27kg(1amu) 0 nucleusElectron e- 9.11 x 10-31kg 1- outside

Page 10: The Chemistry Of Dirt. What is Dirt Made OF? So, How do atoms Hook Together to make compounds and minerals and stuff like dirt? …… Well, I’m Glad you.

Atomic number

The number of protons

and

electrons in an atom

Page 11: The Chemistry Of Dirt. What is Dirt Made OF? So, How do atoms Hook Together to make compounds and minerals and stuff like dirt? …… Well, I’m Glad you.

Atomic Mass

The number of protons

+

Neutrons in an atom

Page 12: The Chemistry Of Dirt. What is Dirt Made OF? So, How do atoms Hook Together to make compounds and minerals and stuff like dirt? …… Well, I’m Glad you.

Isotope

Atoms with the same number of protons but a different number of

neutrons

Page 14: The Chemistry Of Dirt. What is Dirt Made OF? So, How do atoms Hook Together to make compounds and minerals and stuff like dirt? …… Well, I’m Glad you.

Valence Electrons

1 valence e-

2 valence e-

3 va

lenc

e e-

4 va

lenc

e e-

5 va

lenc

e e-

6 va

lenc

e e-

7 va

lenc

e e-

8 va

lenc

e e-

Page 15: The Chemistry Of Dirt. What is Dirt Made OF? So, How do atoms Hook Together to make compounds and minerals and stuff like dirt? …… Well, I’m Glad you.

....Se Mg. .. .Na . ...

Cl: .. ..

Page 16: The Chemistry Of Dirt. What is Dirt Made OF? So, How do atoms Hook Together to make compounds and minerals and stuff like dirt? …… Well, I’m Glad you.

..Na . ...

Cl: ..+ Na+ -...Cl: ..

..

Page 17: The Chemistry Of Dirt. What is Dirt Made OF? So, How do atoms Hook Together to make compounds and minerals and stuff like dirt? …… Well, I’m Glad you.

Ionic Bond

bond formed by the giving or

taking of electrons

Page 18: The Chemistry Of Dirt. What is Dirt Made OF? So, How do atoms Hook Together to make compounds and minerals and stuff like dirt? …… Well, I’m Glad you.

Al3+

+ O2- Al2O3

Mg2+

Cl MgCl2+

Na+

N3+

NaN3+

Al3+

+ O2- Al2O3

Mg2+

Cl MgCl2+

Na+

N3+

NaN3+

Page 19: The Chemistry Of Dirt. What is Dirt Made OF? So, How do atoms Hook Together to make compounds and minerals and stuff like dirt? …… Well, I’m Glad you.

Properties of Ionic Compounds

Formed from a metal and a non metal

Most are soluble in water

Form crystalline lattices

Page 20: The Chemistry Of Dirt. What is Dirt Made OF? So, How do atoms Hook Together to make compounds and minerals and stuff like dirt? …… Well, I’m Glad you.

Covalent Bond

bond formed by the Sharing

of electrons

Page 21: The Chemistry Of Dirt. What is Dirt Made OF? So, How do atoms Hook Together to make compounds and minerals and stuff like dirt? …… Well, I’m Glad you.

Properties of Covalent Compounds

Formed by two nonmetals

Solubility varies

The strongest bond

Page 22: The Chemistry Of Dirt. What is Dirt Made OF? So, How do atoms Hook Together to make compounds and minerals and stuff like dirt? …… Well, I’m Glad you.

Br..: ...Br.. :...

+ Br..: ...Br.. :...

bonding pair

nonbonding pairs

Page 23: The Chemistry Of Dirt. What is Dirt Made OF? So, How do atoms Hook Together to make compounds and minerals and stuff like dirt? …… Well, I’m Glad you.

Polar Covalent Bond

Bond formed with the unequal sharing of electrons due to one atom being more electronegative

Electrongeativity -The attraction an atom has for a pair of shared electrons

S+

S-S-

Page 24: The Chemistry Of Dirt. What is Dirt Made OF? So, How do atoms Hook Together to make compounds and minerals and stuff like dirt? …… Well, I’m Glad you.

More Electronegative

Page 25: The Chemistry Of Dirt. What is Dirt Made OF? So, How do atoms Hook Together to make compounds and minerals and stuff like dirt? …… Well, I’m Glad you.

Metallic Bond

A bond between metal atoms that allows electrons to freely flow throughout the material

Page 26: The Chemistry Of Dirt. What is Dirt Made OF? So, How do atoms Hook Together to make compounds and minerals and stuff like dirt? …… Well, I’m Glad you.

Ionic bond

Covalent bondPolar Covalent bond

Relationship Between Bonds