The American Civil War 1861-1865
Feb 25, 2016
The American Civil War
1861-1865
Why Did They Fight Class Reading
Union1. The Union2. Anti-slavery3. Democracy
Confederate1. State’s Rights2. Slavery3. Liberty
North vs. South in 1861
North South
Advantages ? ?
Disadvantages ? ?
Rating the North & the South
Slave/Free States Population, 1861
Railroad Lines, 1860
Resources: North & the South
Men Present for Duty in the Civil War
Overview of the North’sCivil War Strategy:
“Anaconda”Plan
Designed by General
Winfield Scott5-7 years
Old generals, Old equipment
Old NavyNo direct attack
on Richmond
Civil War Geography
Fought from New Mexico to PennsylvaniaMost battles are fought in the Confederates statesVirginia sees the most battles
Lincoln’s Generals
Irwin McDowell
Winfield Scott
George McClellan,Again!
George McClellan
Ambrose Burnside
Joseph Hooker
George Meade
Ulysses S. Grant
The Leaders of the Confederacy
Pres. Jefferson Davis VP Alexander Stevens
The Confederate Generals
Jeb Stuart
James Longstreet
George Pickett
“Stonewall” Jackson
Nathan Bedford Forrest
Robert E. Lee
Battle of Bull Run (1st Manassas)
July, 1861
Civilians come out to watch14 hour fightTurning point: Confederates hold off a Union attack ( ‘Stonewall’ Jackson)Union retreats in chaos- ‘Rebel Yell’
The Battle of the
Ironclads,March,
1862The Monitor
vs.the MerrimacForever Changes Naval
Warfare1. First torpedoes(mines)
2. First Submarine
Reading Assignment-Civil War Reading Packet
Read the packet and answer the section questions.
Due Friday
Bell work
1. Name 4 Union states, 4 Confederate states, and 3 border states.2. List 2 advantages for both the Union and Confederacy 3. List 2 disadvantages for both the Union and Confederacy
4. Name the Union strategy for the war. What are the two main steps of this plan.5. What state sees the most battles during the war?6. Who is the main general of both the Union and Confederacy?
The Civil War 1862
Grant works his way through Tennessee to take the MississippiMcClellan marches toward RichmondLee invades Maryland
Battle of Antietam“Bloodiest Single Day of the War”September 17, 186223,000 casualtiesList 3 facts about the Battle of Antietam you learned from the video.
The Emancipation Proclamation
Issued in SeptemberJanuary 1, 1863The proclamation declared "that all persons held as slaves" within the rebellious states "are, and henceforward shall be free."
Doesn’t apply to border states. Why?Doesn’t make ‘freedmen’ citizensAdds a key moral cause for the UnionEncourages many slaves to runawayAllows ‘freedmen’ to join militaryEnds Prisoner exchanges between the North and SouthDoes it end Slavery?Yes and NoContraband rule-seize enemy property
African-American Recruiting Poster
The Famous 54th Massachusetts
Fort Pillow Massacre-April 1864Over 300 African American soldiers are killed while surrenderingNathan Bedford Forrest
African-Americansin Civil War Battles
Increased Government Power
Both sides begin a draftLincoln shuts down newspapers who were critical of himLincoln suspends the writ of Habeas Corpus
Lincoln creates the (IRS), first tax on incomeSin TaxNational currency-Greenbacks
Conscription-The Draft
A bounty was offered to soldiers who enlistedBounty jumpingThe Enrollment Act(1863)Ways to avoid the draft1. Pay a fee2. Hire a substitute3. Move away
A rich man’s war, A poor man’s fight
Draft Primary Source ReadingHow would you react to a draft today?Should women be required by law to sign up for the selective service?
NYC Draft Riots, (July 13-16, 1863)
NYC Draft Riots, (July 13-16, 1863)
A “Pogrom” Against Blacks
The Road to Gettysburg: 1863
Gettysburg Casualties
Gettysburg Address
Sherman’s“Marchto theSea”
throughGeorgia,
1864“Total War”‘War is Hell’
1864 Election
Pres. Lincoln (R) George McClellan (D)
1864 Copperhead Campaign Poster
Presidential
Election
Results:
1864
The Final Virginia Campaign:1864-1865
Surrender at Appomattox
April 9, 1865
Casualties on Both Sides
Civil War Casualtiesin Comparison to Other
Wars
Ford’s Theater (April 14, 1865)
The Assassin
John Wilkes Booth
The Assassination
WANTED~~!!
Lincoln is Dead!
The Execution