CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.0 Introduction. Visual Arts Education in National Formal Education System means a systematic, planned and measurable performance to meet the needs and aspirations of individual countries. It is triggered through painting, sculpture and various other skills blended with students’ experience and what they have learned. According to the fourth edition of Kamus Dewan, arts are defined as works of art such as poetry, painting, music and others that were created with the talent and ability to create something beautiful. Indirectly acknowledged that in order to produce a product of art, talent, ability and a strong appreciation and understanding is very important. Ability is something that can be learned and developed while talent is something that stands on its own as a result of God's grace. Both are closely 1
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CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1.0 Introduction.
Visual Arts Education in National Formal Education System means a
systematic, planned and measurable performance to meet the needs and
aspirations of individual countries. It is triggered through painting, sculpture
and various other skills blended with students’ experience and what they have
learned.
According to the fourth edition of Kamus Dewan, arts are defined as
works of art such as poetry, painting, music and others that were created with
the talent and ability to create something beautiful. Indirectly acknowledged
that in order to produce a product of art, talent, ability and a strong appreciation
and understanding is very important. Ability is something that can be learned
and developed while talent is something that stands on its own as a result of
God's grace. Both are closely linked in producing a product of art that has a
high aesthetic value.
The goal of primary school Visual Art Education Syllabus is to produce
a harmonious, critical, creative and proactive learners through Visual Basic. The
curriculum seeks to help students improve their gratitude to God, appreciate the
natural beauty of the surroundings, the beauty of art and heritage and contribute
towards the development of self, family, society and the state in accordance
with the National Education Philosophy.
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Visual Arts teaching in schools is meant to provide opportunities for
pupils to develop their interests, personality, awareness and sensitivity towards
the values of the arts and the environment in relation to other subjects. Using
appropriate strategies and content in teaching is indeed encouraging, to foster
students’ interest. In the Visual Art world, teachers need to apply meaningful
and intriguing approaches in teaching in order to facilitate the learning process
and at the same time arouse interest towards the subject. Before the lesson start
the teacher should make careful planning so creative and systematic teaching
sessions are conducted more effectively and achieve the objectives. In making
and planning of teaching and learning of the Visual Art World, teachers need to
have a profound knowledge about strategies and methods of teaching and
learning. It allows teachers to carry out their teaching more effective.
To overcome the problems that often arise during the teaching and
learning process as students often do not focus on teaching and frequent
discipline problems in the classroom, teachers need to make a change and
innovation in their teaching. Teachers need to be wise in choosing strategies or
approaches appropriate to the circumstances and prior knowledge of students in
the classroom. Selection of a suitable approach will make teaching more lively
and objectives will be achieved easily and effectively.
According to Hisyamuddin (2010), National Education Goals
formulated by the Ministry of Education are very clear. Nevertheless, it requires
effort and unwavering focus of teachers in achieving it. Therefore, teachers
need to be prepared to create changes aimed at improving the quality of
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teaching and learning. Creative and innovative teacher is the criteria to be there
for teachers to implement changes in the delivery of the adoption of the
communication patterns of activities and many others.
Singing approach is one of the very effective methods to arouse the
interest of students in order to focus on teaching and learning. The explanation
by Nur Hashim (2010), in a study of the actions, Effectiveness and Mechanical
Singing Induction Set Attracting Students Towards Learning Science (2010),
states that singing technique applied to a set of induction during the teaching
process has succeeded in attracting students towards science subjects.. This is
because the singing approach of the subject learned can generate interest and
easily generate students’ understanding.
In conclusion, singing approach in education can arouse their interest
and thus can solve problems that often arise during the process of teaching and
learning in the classroom.
1.1 Background of the Study.
This study is an innovation made towards studying the effectiveness of
the approach of singing in the process of teaching and learning for the Visual
Art World subject.
The syllabus of the Primary School Curriculum Standard (2010)
contains an element of edutainment in teaching and learning. The Government
intends to introduce edutainment to realize the transformation of teaching and
learning in the classroom. It is expected edutainment approach in the classroom
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will make learning more interactive and student-centered. Thus the teacher will
be more easily appreciated and understood by students. Singing approach is one
of the methods available in edutainment. Teaching sessions will be more
relaxed and fun as well as reducing the pressure on students. (Curriculum KSSR
Year 2)
In addition, the singing approach method proved effective in increasing
student’s interest in learning, reduce passive behavior, active participation of
pupils throughout teaching and learning session and can minimize discipline
problems among students. Singing method can create a learning environment
that is lively and entertaining learners. Pupils who undergo the teaching and
learning process using songs feel more exthusiastic and fun to learn compared
with students who undertake the teaching and learning process using
conventional methods. According to Suzella Ab. Samad (2009), the purpose of
the song is to enhance students' interest in learning and sleepiness while in
class. Therefore, it can be concluded that the singing approach is an intriguing
method which encourages active participation and enthusiasm towards the
subject and learning process.
This supports the fact mentioned by Abd Fatah (1994), if a student is to
integrate both functions of the brain in harmony, learning will be fun, will
increase the power of concentration, memory will be stronger, increase
inquisitive power imagination will be improved to solve the problem, and
thought will be more active.
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Kamarul (2003), stated in the process of preparing teaching aids, a
teacher has to run a variety of research really helpful to teachers and students.
Therefore, as an effort to ensure continued innovation in education in line with
the main thrust of the educational goals that you want to make sure students can
understand and also considering the results of teaching and learning and provide
a learning environment that is entertaining, this study was conducted to test the
effectiveness of the technique in singing help teachers and students in teaching
and learning activities that have been implemented. In addition, it also seeks to
improve the performance of the students in the topics focused.
Painting is important to enhance the creativity of a child. Most children
now, even at the age of 10 years old still cannot produce a painting with a good
foundation. Drawing skills are important as an indicator of the ability of
students to apply the knowledge of the elements of art and principles of design
that has been understood in the World of Visual Arts (KSSR) Ministry of
Education (2010).
According to Britain and Lowenfeld (1983), the visual aesthetic presentation of
a child has certain characteristics. Children at every age level have to master
certain artistic values pertaining to the development of their painting skills in
line with age cognitive development, psychomotor and effective. This explains
painting is an important aspect that needs to be mastered by all pupils in the
school.
Referring to Mohd Johari Ab. Hamid (2004), Visual Arts World subject
taught to students is not solely aimed at producing artists and designers. It is to
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create imaginative citizens, creative, knowledgeable and sensitive to aesthetic
values. It also aims to create awareness and understanding of the pupils and
appreciate the role of the arts as a necessity in life and relationship with nature.
According to Mohd Johari Ab. Hamid (2006), elements of art is a
fundamental element in the production of works of arts. Recognize and
understand the elements of art and it is very important to note that every work
of art has one or more of the specified elements. The lines represent the basic
elements essential for producing drawings and sketches. Therefore an
understanding of the types of lines that range becomes an important aspect to
facilitate students in painting.
Mastery of drawing skills using a song or singing approach among
students will equip them with the skills and communicate directly. This is in
line with the objectives of the National Education Philosophy in Malaysia,
aimed at developing balanced, harmonious and potential individuals through a
holistic and integrated manner.
Feldmen (1996) in the state authority Art Education, five-dimensional
view of social, economic, political dimension, the dimension of psychology,
and cognitive or moral dimension. Planning and implementation of these
subjects should be comprehensive and balanced according to the teaching
curriculum set by the Ministry of Education which covers four main areas of the
field of drawing, making the field of construction, field patterns and designs
making and introduce the field of traditional handicrafts. In the area there is a
drawing technique called painting technique to produce images. This technique
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is the basis for a pupil to produce works. Good painting is to apply the elements
of art and principles of good design.
While singing technique, is a teacher’s teaching approach to deliver and
import her knowledge pertaining to her subject, to facilitate the learning
process. In the context of this run, the researcher wants to add aspects of her
teaching practice by emphasizing the application of singing techniques. Lyrics
of the songs are focused on types of lines in drawing, composed using catchy
melody. The aim of the research is to improve students' understanding of the
kinds of skills the next line drawing by applying the types of lines that are
understood through singing.
Accordingly, it is expected that this study can help students achieve the
Standard Visual Arts World Learning in the Primary School Curriculum
through edutainment aspect more effectively.
1.2 Statement Of The Problem
Based on former teaching and learning, researchers found that the
implementation of the teaching of Visual Arts World KSSR subject in his
school teaching has been going well. Pupils were taught a variety of knowledge
and skills in relation to this subject. Through observation, the researcher found
that there are teachers who teach Visual Arts World subjects’ skin fully skilled
and creatively though they did not take a degree in visual arts as their major.
The researcher has been entrusted to teach subjects for Visual Arts World
subject to pupils in 2 Cempaka. The number of students in this class is 35,
consists of all Malays. Students in this class have moderate level of knowledge.
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During the execution of teaching and learning process in the classroom
to teach drawing field of painting, observation was done. Through observation
during teaching researcher found that some students are not proficient at
drawing and there was no immediate reason to do these activities with drawing
it difficult and tedious. Oral questions were posed about the kinds of basic lines,
but they could not answer them correctly. There is a direct disciple did not
respond and just keep silent. In fact, some of them have been misbehaving like
making noise, disturbing friends and strolling in the classroom.
Therefore, the researcher wants to increase students’ mastery in painting
technique by improving their understanding of the types of lines in order for
students to produce a good painting. Hairul Izwan Mohd Rosli (2010), in his
study describes the application of the types of lines can improve drawing skills
of pupils by means of self-exploration. This is when students explore something
indirectly students receive new knowledge. The type of line is very important
when applied to produce a painting. Through singing approach can enhance
students’ understanding and interest in the World of Visual Arts. And this is
where the researcher suspects that this problem should be solved by the
absorption of music in understanding the types of lines through the song.
According to Edi Izral (2010), in his study describes singing techniques used
has been shown to increase students’ comprehension and memory in a way that
is easier and can improve their memory. The formulation of the findings stated
that the method of singing has improved students’ interest and understanding.
Learning through singing method is also suitable to be applied as it is more
student-centered because students will sing and continue to paint by the lyrics
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with the guidance of a teacher. Then they will remember and understand the
types of lines and provide a permanent memory for use when drawing.
Primary School Curriculum refers World Visual Arts Year 2, pupils in
primary schools generally on the whole are creative, expressive and active.
Visual arts play a role to develop these qualities through visual perception,
imagination and thought. Thinking activities, exploration, and design in a
variety of visuals will allow them to express their ideas and self-expression.
This experience is important because it can help students to build self-
confidence, make judgments, and to recognize their own flavor and strengths.
Visual Arts World Standard document covers topics which confirm the
exploration, production process, understanding the meaning of the arts as a
whole, and criticism. With the Visual Arts Education in primary schools will
enable to shape the next generation of Malaysia's arts and cultural literacy. The
goals of the Visual Arts World subject are aimed at producing balanced, critical,
creative, and productive through building basic visual arts.
Art education is an educational program that is systematic, planned and
measurable performance to meet individual needs. His individual needs to be
achieved through artistic activities involving knowledge and process skills,
techniques and media as well as the establishment of the moral values (Md.
Nasir Hassan Ibrahim & Abraham, 2003).
Teachers understand and appreciate the reasonable control of the
curriculum and syllabus for Visual Arts Education. In fact, they should be well
versed with the process syllabus focuses on the development of specific
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knowledge and skills upgrading. Using strategies and effective learning
approach will enable us to produce students who can paint very well with skills.
This is consistent with the Standard Content KSSR which is meant to execute
educative elements applied in the teaching and learning of the Visual Art
World.
Based on the problems in the teaching and learning process of the last
infusion makes the researcher to review teaching practices so that researchers
can figure out more effective ways to help them. This raises the awareness of
the value of a teacher who wants to practice or encourage better control of
drawing skills. The researcher decided to carry out this study in order to
improve students’ weaknesses and try to improve teaching methods and
techniques appropriate to the needs of students. The value of education as
practiced by the researchers is to foster a culture of painting by using the
method of singing.
1.3 Objectives of the Study
1.3.1 General Objective
The objective of this study is to improve understanding and
arouse students’ interest in Visual Arts World through singing approach
among students of year 2.
1.3.2 Specific Objectives
I. Help students to develop an understanding and interest towards Visual
Arts World through singing.
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1.4 Research Questions
I. Does singing approach help students to develop an understanding of
the Visual Arts World?
II. Does singing approach help to attract students towards learning
Visual Arts World?
1.5 Importance of Study
Based on the experience of the researcher during the teaching and
learning of the Visual Arts World, researcher has identified several problems
faced by pupils in Year 2 Cempaka. Among these problems is the lack of
pupils’ interest in the lessons taught which mainly involve drawing activities.
This situation may be due to the students did not understand the kinds of
drawing lines and assume it is a difficult and tedious activity.
From the observations made, students are not interested and less focused
on teaching because they do not have the knowledge, experience and exposure
are not given on drawing skills using proper techniques. After the researcher is
aware of the problems faced by most of the students in the class, plans are made
to help them be interested in the subjects Visual Arts World and master the
skills of drawing. The researcher has chosen to sing approach to improve the
understanding and students' interest in Visual Art World. The researcher will
conduct further teaching approach using songs and try to get responses from the
pupils.
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The researcher needs, in order to carry out this study to apply Creativity
Development Theory by Viktor Lowenfeld which is parallel with ages traversed
and cognitive development and ability effectively. In addition, students should
have a grasp of 2 types of lines that range while studying in year 1 or during the
preschool years. Next, they need to know their uses and when to apply them
producing drawings. Furthermore, singing approach is fun, enjoyable and less
stressful pertaining to the teaching of the Visual Arts World.
In addition, this study can also be used as a valuable distribution to the
public and other education issues and interventions that have been conducted
for a shared-same. In addition, the studies that have been carried out also proved
arguments and the instrument used in this study coincide and can solve the
problem. Confidence in other educators can also be upgraded to use the song
approaches in teaching and learning and data of the results of this study can be
displayed and receive favorable findings and can demystify the research
questions.
The findings of this study are expected to provide benefits to the
Teacher Education Division (BPG), the Ministry of Education (MOE) to
streamline and equip trainees with sufficient knowledge about the content,
methods, strategies, and techniques so that they are confident and willing to
perform the task as executing agency World Visual Arts curriculum KSSR a
very important element of edutainment and do not underestimate the subjects
Visual Arts World.
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1.6 Scope of Study
The target group is composed of 36 persons’ of which 16 respondents
were boys and 15 girls respondents. All respondents attended school in year 2 at
Sekolah Kebangsaan Sungai Binjai, Meru Klang, Selangor. All respondents are
of Malay descent, which is 6 of 15 classrooms for students in academic
achievement Level 2. Respondents in this class are moderate levels of the
subjects Visual Arts World and also other subjects. Studies conducted only on a
class because of time limitations and the number of students is quite big. This
study was conducted during the study underwent a 10-week practicum period.
An assessment was conducted during the teaching of the Visual Art World.
1.7 Definition of Terms
Definition of terms used in this study is:
1.7.1 Singing
According to the Kamus Dewan, singing is a musical composition sung
by voice. Based on the context of this study, the composite word art song used
relates to the types of lines that will be taught next singing with the appropriate
melody has been selected.
1.7.2 Approach
According to the fourth edition of Kamus Dewan, approach means the
description of the method or methods or steps taken to initiate or perform a task.
Based on this context approach refers to singing approach carried out to
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improve students’ understanding and interest in the World of Visual Arts
students’ among year 2 students.
1.7.3 Enhance
Referring to the fourth edition of the Council dictionary, the word means
exalted position, enlarge and intensify the level of something. In this study,
refers to the process of improving the process of increasing or improving their
skills and understanding of the types of lines and interests of students in the
Visual Arts World in Year 2.
1.7.4 Understanding
Referring to the fourth edition of Kamus Dewan, understanding means
the ability or capacity to understand or a condition in which someone will learn
something. Understanding the purpose of this study refers to understanding the
types of lines that are known and tested through the test. This understanding is
important to draw better.
1.7.5 Interest
In the fourth edition of Kamus Dewan, the word interest refers to
passions and inclinations towards something. In this context passions lead to
interest among students of the Visual Arts World, especially in the field of
painting and produce images.
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1.8 Conclusion
In this chapter the researcher explained on the research background,
problem statement, research objectives, research interests, the research
questions. Further description of this field of research will be discussed in the
next chapter.
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CHAPTER 2
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.0 Introduction
In this section will be described in further matters related to the study,
which is related to the study of literacy-related concepts and theories related
literature research. In addition, previous studies also included that have been
done related to topics studied. At the end of this section will be described the
relationship between literacy and research topic.
2.1 Literature Survey Related to Concepts.
According to Mok Soon Sang (2006), teaching methodology refers to
the use of all effective ways to help teachers deliver the knowledge, skills and
values desired by the students.
Singing technique is one of the strategies or methods that can be used in
teaching and learning. By Cheek, in Khadijah, Maharani & Raudah in Zaidatun
Ling and Nasir (2008) state students actively provide information through
singing.
Singing means in terms of expression that can be inserted into the song
and rhythm. According Suzella Ab. Samad (2009) the intended use of the
technique of singing is to enhance students' interest in learning and prevent
them from getting bored and sleepy in the classroom. With the use of singing
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technique, students will be interested in learning and encourage them to
participate actively in the process of teaching and learning.
In the context of strengthening students’ skills, singing is an activity that
can help teachers achieve these goals. This is because the song itself requires a
clear and correct pronunciation, rhythm and cadence and delivered by pressure,
specific intonation and tone. Teachers can prepare songs relevant to the contents
of the lesson. Singing in activities a study conducted with the aim of which is to
provide some understanding of the types of lines through the lyrics of songs
composed to give an overview to apply when drawing to improve skills in
painting.
Painting is one of the activities that can be done using dry media such as
pencil, color pencil, charcoal, crayons, soft pastels or other materials as
appropriate. Good painting is when an advanced student to apply the elements
of art and principles of design. Basic drawing is to understand the elements of
art such as line, shape, form, color, space and connectivity. The main thing to
produce painting is by doing a sketch using the line. Hassan Ghazali (2012),
states an important base line in visual art because it involves work early stage in
the process of producing the work. Hairul Izuan Mohd Rosli (2010), in his study
stated that drawing skills can be improved through self-discovery and
application by the student. The student must have the spirit of inquiry to explore
and try out the types of Geris diversity and function, then the student is easy to
apply while generating the drawing.
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Lines also resulted from grafting a series of contiguous points. Lines are
also considered as a moving point. The composition of continuous point it is
also considered as a baseline. Arrangements that point the possibility of having
the long nature and size of uncertainty.
There are various types of lines that can be used as the thick, hairy lines,
intelligence, Music Intelligence, Intrapersonal Intelligence, Verbal Intelligence
and Intelligence Naturalist.
In the context of the study, researchers integrate music into the visual
scene teaching and learning process study. Intelligence involving visual-spatial
in the Art Education course there and in the context of the study, singing
involves intelligence applied to music. The combination of both an intelligence
can be applied, stimulated, studied, taught, and improved through a variety of
activities and appropriate education in the arts.
In conclusion, with the provision of teaching and learning process by teachers to
include the song then, the learning objectives to be served easily achieved by all
pupils.
2.2 Reviews Of Previous Studies Related Literature
Hairul Izuan Mohd Rosli (2010) in his study describes the application of
these types of lines can improve drawing skills of pupils to paint by his own
explorations. This is when students explore indirectly students construct new
knowledge, types of lines are very important when applied to painting.
Furthermore, it is of fundamental importance in creating a painting.
Meanwhile, Edi Izral (2010) in his study describes singing techniques
used has been shown to increase students’ proficiency in vocabulary among pre-
schoolers. In addition, it increases students' understanding of pupils with an
easier way and can develop their memory. Summary of research explains that
singing techniques have improved verbal and comprehension of students.
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This study was supported by research done by Fairuz (2011), which
describes how to use the lyrics of songs that have improved student mastery and
understanding of a KVKV mention syllable. Song lyrics composed assist
researchers presenting instructional objectives more easily. When students sing
students will remember and store them in their eternal memory.
Izuddin Mohd Akmal (2011), in his study singing in teaching and
learning activities has increased the understanding of the students to get to
know the names of angels and their tasks can improve the skills given then
stored in long term memory. His research tool that uses pre and post tests also
shows that the mean difference scores very significant improvement.
Explanation by Nur Hashim (2010), in a study of his actions
Effectiveness of Mechanical Singing in the Induction Set Attracting Students to
Study Science (2010), explains that the technique of singing that was applied
during an induction set of teaching and learning processes of students have
attracted students to the learning points science lessons. This is because the
technique of singing students more fun and easier to understand something that
is trying to learn. Interviews were conducted with student finds his students are
very excited to continue teaching and learning process after the induction song
set is used.
Edith & Kamariati study (2005), about the effectiveness of songs in T &
L process conducted in Tanjung Batu, Tawau, Sabah, showed that overall, the
target group reacted positively to the subjects taught. They show a good
performance in the learning of aspects considering the facts of science which is
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especially important in labeling diagrams. This in turn can attract students to
learn.
Sufian & Osman (2008), conducted a study entitled Use of Music in T &
L Classroom and the results show that good music can evoke a sense of fun
learning and learning among students and pupils can develop thinking skills.
The findings also showed that music is effective as a classroom management
tool as a channel to express students. In fact, the use of subjects is one of the
strategies to ensure teaching and learning process in the classroom into one
unforgettable experience and can indirectly improve the quality of teaching.
2.3 Relations With The Topics Of The Literature Review.
Study abroad ranging use of singing in the teaching and learning process
is also carried out. Campbell (1990) in his study entitled Multiple Intelligences
In The Classroom proves that music and singing method used in the process of
T & L can improve student academic achievement. In this study, Bruce
Campbell uses music to help the respondent remember and understand the facts.
As a result of that test results show that the student is a student who was less
successful in his studies. Also received positive feedback from the respondents,
they expressed that they felt comfortable and enjoyable to learn with this
method. Their confidence and motivation have also increased indirectly.
In a study entitled The Effectiveness of Integrating Music in The
Classroom carried out by Brewer (2007) pointed out that the integration of
music into the teaching and learning process is a very effective approach to
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music which is suitable for all ages. In a study conducted by him, the use of
music and singing in the teaching and learning process can help students
remember learning experience can be passed in addition to encouraging the
active participation of students in the teaching and learning process. Rhythms
and melodies used in the songs, chat, poems and rap can strengthen the memory
of facts and content.
There are various studies on the use of music (singing) in the teaching
and learning process were conducted for this and have shown no positive
response. Although many studies have proven music can increase the effective
teaching and learning process in the classroom, but it can look be ignored by
school teachers. Thus, researchers will take the initiative to undertake a study
on the effectiveness of methods of singing in enhancing the understanding and
interest of students, in a bid to become a teacher creates.
All literature reviews done by the researcher are related to intervention
program which solely focuses on songs or singing approach. The song used in
the action research applies various types of lines in its lyrics. Students or
respondents will apply the types of lines from the song directly in their painting
or drawing.
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CHAPTER 3
THE METHODOLOGY OF THE STUDY
3.0 Introduction
This chapter describes in detail how the method of this research study is
made of the data collection methods, sample selection, the study measured the
tools and methods of data analysts. This study is in the form of qualitative
approaches to assess the extent of the song can generate students’ interest and
understanding of the Visual Arts World among pupils year 2.
3.1 Design Review
Ensure that action research is progressing effectively, a systematic
action plan based on the guidelines of research has been designed. The model
and the process used is Action Research Model Kurt Lewin (1946). According
to Rosinah Edin (2011) Lewin explains that in a loop consists of four processes
in one cycle after identifying aspects of the practice, began the process of
planning, action, observation and reflection
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Figure 1: Action Research Model Kurt Lewin (1946)
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IDENTIFY AREAS OF PRACTICE• Pupils’ understanding on the types of lines and drawing skills are weak. Students are less interested and do not focus on learning process.
4. REFLECTIONS
Effective interventions to improve understanding of the types of lines and master students produce paintings.
1. PLANNING • • Provide daily lesson plan that uses
the methods of singing during the teaching process.
• • Provide round lyrics Great, “ Bulat Kecil Bulat Besar”and “Ikan di Sungai”
2. IMPLEMENTATION MEASURES• Implement the action plan consisting of four steps.• Measures:1. Set Induction2. Demo Song Chart3. Pupils Activity.4. Appreciation SessionDoing the final exam,document analysis.
3. SEE THE EFFECTS OF ACTION / DATA COLLECTION
Analyze the data findings, the study measures.
Analyzing the data acquired through observation of teachers in the classroom.
Analyze data based on photographs taken during the T&L process in the classroom.
NEXT CYCLE
3.1.1 Identifying Aspects of Practice.
Reflection done after teaching and learning process, pupils show less
interest in Visual Art World. This problem occurs due to the troubled pupils did
not understand the kinds of lines that can be applied to produce a painting.
3.1.2 Planning
Researcher devises appropriate action plans to be carried out with the
selection of activities that can help learning in the classroom with the use of the
song that made the main strategy in the ongoing intervention. Singing is one
element of Multiple Intelligences Intelligence Music.
3.1.3 Actions
Researcher implements an action plan that has been designed consisting
of four measures implemented in two sessions of teaching and learning in the
classroom. The researcher also serves as the participant as a teacher while
implementing the action.
3.1.4 Viewing Action Effects
After the intervention is completed, data are collected using three
instruments of document analysis, observation and drawing teacher. The aim is
to see the effect on the action it has taken. After all, the data are analyzed and
interpreted.
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3.1.5 Reflection
The findings are assessed to prove effective interventions undertaken to
arouse the interest of pupils and students can enhance understanding of the
types of lines and students can draw and by inserting elements of singing in the
teaching and learning process.
3.2 Sampling of Study
Sampling is a research strategy to obtain information about a population
of individuals who comprise the population. Some individuals were taken
through the sampling is representative of a population is called a sample.
According to Cresswell (2005), the proportional random sampling technique is
a technique used for populations that do not show an imbalance of
characteristics for a sample.
The sample of the study is composed of 35 respondents from Class 2
Cempaka. All respondents were Malays. Respondents consisted of 16 boys
respondents and 19 girls respondents. Rating of the class is at 6th position out of
15 classes, in the year 2. The academic performance of all respondents is at a
moderate level for Visual Arts World and other subjects.
3.3 Location of Study
The study was conducted at Sekolah Kebangsaan Sungai Binjai Meru,
Klang, Selangor. This school is a school grade A school which consists of
approximately 3200 students and 180 teachers including support workers. The
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school also has two sessions, morning and afternoon sessions. The school is
located in a rural area.
Studies conducted on students in the year 2. Year 2 comprises of 15
classrooms with a total student population about 510 pupils. Selection of the
study was among pupils from Year 2 Cempaka with the overall number of 35
respondents. Respondents consist of 16 boys and 19 girls respondents.
3.4 Instrument Review
The data were collected from three main instruments which are analysis
of documents, teacher observations and pictures that were recorded during the
teaching and learning process for an evaluation carried out.
3.5 Implementation Study.
Implement action steps that were designed systematically. All
procedures are followed and followed that successful interventions are carried
out according to stipulated time. This is in order to ensure that this study can be
seen its effectiveness in teaching and learning.
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3.5.2. Flowchart Steps Action 1
3.5.1.1 Title: Beruang Saya
Figure 2: Flowchart of Action 1
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STEP 1
Teacher use a song during induction set entitled'Knock, Knock I'm Teddy Bear'
STEP 2
Teacher pastes charts that display song lyrics dipicting drawing titled “Beruang Saya”on a white board.
STEP 3
Pupils draw on a given topic guided by the teacher until the completion of the coloring process.
STEP 4
Pupils make appreciation of paintings that were completed.
3.5.2. Flowchart Steps Action 2
3.5.2.1 Title: “Ikan Di Sungai”
Figure 3: Flow Chart of Action 2
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STEP 3
Pupils draw following the steps in the lyrics with the guidance of a teacher until the completion of the coloring process.
STEP 4
Pupils make appreciation of the work and activities undertaken.
STEP 2
Teachers display a chart on how to paint 'Ikan di Sungai' on a white board. Pupils sing the lyrics based on the chart.
STEP 1
Teachers use the song entitled 'Fish snicker' during induction set and enquire about the types of fish that live in the river.
3.6 Document Analysis
Documents analyzed by researchers are the work of students that are
painting titled “Beruang Saya” and “ Ikan Di Sungai”. A researcher uses a
checklist to analyze student earlier paintings. Evaluation was based Rubric
Assessment and Achievement in Visual Art World KSSR Year 2. Year (2011)
3.7 Method of Collection
These data were derived from three main instruments that are
documented analysis, observation and drawing teacher. The instruments used
are a research tool to collect data and information intended to be analyzed.
3.8 Data Analysis Methods
Data collected from three of the instruments used in the study of this
action, namely document analysis, observation and drawing teacher. Through
this research, the data obtained provide information relevant to the issue under
study and to determine whether the findings can answer questions study.
Data were collected by the researcher based on the criteria that have
been established by an instrument which has been selected by the researcher.
Each finding will be processed and interpreted either in the form of diagrams or
tables to facilitate understanding of each of these data. The researcher has
chosen analytical instrument, document student work, teacher observations, and
images recorded during the assessment.
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3.9 Conclusion
This chapter discusses the research methodology as a whole. It covers
methods of data collection, the selection of the study sample, the study location,
instrument and method of data analysis. Result in data analysis described as the
findings in chapter 4.
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CHAPTER 4
DATA ANALYSIS STUDY
4.0 DATA ANALYSIS STUDY
The data are collected by using three instruments for this study of action
through research, namely an analysis of documents, observations and images.
The tool used to obtain the data relevant to the issue under study and to
determine whether the findings can answer the research questions.
4.1 Introduction.
Data were collected by the researcher based on the criteria that have
been set by the instrument chosen by the researcher. Each data, the finding will
be processed and interpreted either in the form of tables or diagrams to facilitate
the understanding of each of these data. The researcher has chosen the
instrument to analysis document of students’ work, teacher observations, and
images were recorded during the assessment period.
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4.2 Analysis of Student Documents
4.2.1 Title: ‘Beruang Saya’
Achievements Respondents
Boy Respondents Girl Respondents
Excellent 5 Persons 14.3% 7 Persons 20%
Simple 6 Persons 17.1% 8 Persons 22.8%
Ground 5 Persons 14.3% 4 Persons 11.4%
Table 1: Findings Document Analysis.
(Students painting)
Based on Table 1 shows the results of the analysis of the collected
documents, paintings on the assessment of pupils for the first time titled
“Beruang Saya”. The result data obtained showed five boys respondents have
obtained outstanding achievement accounting for 14.3% of total students. While
for the girls respondents showed seven respondents had obtained a good
achievement of 20% of the total students. For moderate performance,
achievements earned by boy respondents by 6 respondents, 17.1%. A total of 8
girl respondents had obtained a modest achievement of 22.8%. 5 of boy
respondents had obtained weak performance of 14.3%. While girls respondents
obtain the weak performance of four respondents representing a percentage of
11.4%. Overall achievements earned by both boys and girls respondents are