Terms From Head and Neck Dissection

7/31/2019 Terms From Head and Neck Dissection

1/21

Terms from 01-23 dissection (superficial face)

Nerves

Cranial nerve V (aka trigeminal nerve)

CN V1 (aka ophthalmic division)CN V2 (aka maxillary division)

CN V3 (aka mandibular division)Cervical 2,3 branches to neck and back of head

Cranial nerve VII (aka facial nerve)

From 2nd branchial arch

Innervates facial muscles, which act on skin

Skull bony landmarksFrontal bone

Maxilla

Frontal process ( frontal bone)

Zygomatic bone

Mandible

Anterior nasal aperture (aka piriform aperture)

Nasion

Superciliary arch

GlabellaOrbital margin (frontal, maxilla, zygomatic bones)

Lacrimal bone

Lacrimal fossa

Nasolacrimal canal

Teeth

Alveolar processes

Frontal bone

Parietal bones, right and left

Coronal suture

Sagittal sutureBregma

Occipital boneLamboid sutures

Lambda

Mandible

Body, ramus, angle, posterior border, neck, articular condyle (aka head)

Temporomandibular joint

External auditory meatusZygomatic arch

Supraorbital foramen ( V1)

Infraorbital foramen ( V2)

Mental foramen ( V3)

Facial structures

Facial musclesFrontalis

PlatysmaMasseter

Buccinator

Depressor anguli oris

Zygomaticus major (and minor)

Levator labii superioris

Orbicularis oris


2/21

Orbicularis oculi (orbital and palpebral portions)

Facial nerves

Facial nerve, CN VII (br. sup. to inf. To Zanzibar By Motor Car)

Temporal branch

Zygomatic branch(Parotid duct)

Buccal branchMandibular branch

Cervical branch

Trigeminal nerve (CN V)

External nasal (V1)

Supraorbital nerve (V1)

Infraorbital nerve (V2)Buccal branch (V3)

Mental nerve (V3)

Other structures

Parotid gland

Parotid duct

Transverse facial artery

Buccal fat pad

Facial arteryFacial vein

Labial glandsInferior labial artery

Nose

(Lateral) nasal cartilage

Septal cartilage

Alar cartilage

EarExternal acoustic meatus

Auricle

HelixAntihelix

Concha

Tragus

Antitragus

Lobule

Eye

Palpebral commissures

Palpebral rima (aka fissure)

Medial and lateral angles (aka canthi)

Cornea

Sclera

IrisPupil

Conjunctival sacConjunctiva

Fornix

Tarsus (superior and inferior)

Tarsal glands

Palpebral ligament (medial and lateral)

Eyelashes (aka cilia)

Lacus lacrimalis (aka lacrimal lake)


3/21

Caruncula

Lacrimal papilla (superior and inferior)

Lacrimal punctum

Lacrimal canaliculus

Lacrimal sacOrbital septum

Lacrimal glandsLacrimal fossa

Nasolacrimal duct


4/21

Terms from 01-24 dissection (Scalp, brain)

Scalp

Skin

Superficial fasciaMuscular layer

FrontalisOccipitalis

Epicranial aponeurosis (aka galea aponeurotica)

Loose areolar tissue

Pericranium (aka periosteum)

Temporalis fascia (covers temporalis m.)

SuturesCoronal suture

Sagittal suture

Bregma

Lamboid suture

Lambda

Metopic suture

Skull cap (aka calvaria)Bony features

Outer laminaDiploe

Inner lamina

Dura mater

Groove for superior sagittal sinus

Grooves for right and left transverse sinuses

Fossae for cerebellum (2)

Fossae for occipital poles (2)

Occipital boneOther structures

Vertebral arteries

Posterior atlanto-occipital membrane

Interior skull

Dura mater

Tentorium cerebelli

Falx cerebelliFalx cerebri

Arachnoid

Subarachnoid space

Arachnoid granulations

Pia mater

Middle meningeal artery

Cerebral veins

SinusesSuperior sagittal sinus

Inferior sagittal sinusStraight sinus

Confluens of the sinuses

Tranvserve sinuses, left and right

Lacunae laterals

Cisterna cerebellomedullaris (aka cisterna magna)

Cranial nerves

Olfactory bulbs and tracts (I)


5/21

Optic nerves (II)

Oculomotor nerve (III)

Trochlear nerve (IV)

Trigeminal nerve (V)

Abducent nerve (VI)Facial nerve (VII)

Vestibulocochlear nerve (VIII, aka acoustic nerve)Glossopharyngeal nerve (IX)

Vagus nerve (X)

Accessory nerve (XI)

Hypoglossal nerve (XII)

Jugular foramen ( CN IX, X, XI)

Bony landmarks

Crista galliCribriform plate

Optic foramen

Groove for internal carotid artery

Petrous portion of temporal bone

Superior margin

Brain

Cerebral hemispheresFrontal pole

Temporal pole

Occipital pole

Lateral sulcus

Central sulcus

Fossae and lobes

Anterior fossa frontal lobe

Middle fossa temporal lobe

Posterior fossa occipital fossa, cerebellum

Insula (middle cerebral artery)Arteries

Vertebral artery

Posterior inferior cerebral arteries, left and right

Basilar artery

Anterior inferior cerebellar

Superior cerebellar

Posterior cerebellar

Internal carotidOpthalmic artery

Middle cerebral artery

Anterior cerebral artery

Cerebral arterial circle (aka circle of Willis)

Anterior communicating artery

Posterior communicating artery

Cranial fossaeAnterior cranial fossa

Three crests: right and left lesser wing of sphenoid, anterior optic groove

Three bones: sphenoid, ethmoid, frontal

Middle cranial fossa

Two bones: sphenoid, temporal

Superior orbital fissure (CN III, IV, V, VI, symp., superior ophthalmic vein)

Foramen rotundum (CN V2)


6/21

Foramen ovale (CN V3)

Foramen spinosum (middle meningeal vessels, groove middle meningeal artery)

Hypophyseal fossa (hypophysis cerebri, aka pituitary gland)

Optic canal (CN II, ophthalmic artery)

Optic grooveDorsum sellae

Foramen lacerumCarotid groove (internal carotid artery)

Diaphragma sellae (a dural fold)

Superior petrosal sinus

Cavernous sinus

Trigeminal ganglion

Greater petrosal nervePosterior cranial fossa

Border: dorsum sellae, right and left petrous temporals

Foramen magnum

Clivus

Hypoglossal canal (CN XII)

Jugular foramen (CN IX, X, XI)

Internal acoustic meatus (CN VII, VIII)


7/21

Terms from 01-27 dissection (suboccipital region, spinal cord)

Suboccipital region

Bony landmarks

Superior and inferior nuchal lineExternal occipital protuberance (aka inion)

Foramen magnumC1 vertebra (aka atlas)

Posterior arch

Posterior tubercle

Transverse foramen

Groove for vertebral artery

C2 vertebra (aka axis)Spinous process

Transverse process

Transverse foramen

Vertebral foramen

Dens (aka odontoid process)

Semispinalis capitis

Greater occipital nerve (C2)

Suboccipital triangleObliquus capitis inferior

Obliquus capitis superiorRectus capitis posterior major and minor

Suboccipital nerve (C1)

Vertebral artery

Posterior atlanto-occipital membrane

Spinal cord

Vertebral canal

Cervical enlargement (C3-T2 for segments C4-T1)Lumbosacral enlargment (T9-T12 for segments L2-S3)

Supraspinous ligaments

Interspinous ligamentsLigamentum flava (connects laminae)

Epidural space (aka extradural space)

Dural sac (made of dura mater)

Arachnoid mater

Subarachonid spacePia mater

Denticulate ligaments

Filum terminale

Ventral and dorsal roots

Dorsal root ganglion

Spinal branches of intercostals/lumbar/vertebral arteries

Intervertebral foramen

Conus medullarisCauda equina


8/21

Terms from 01-28 dissection (orbit, eye)

Bony landmarks

Maxilla

Zygomatic boneFrontal bone

Lacrimal boneEthmoid bone

Sphenoid bone

Optic canal

Superior orbital fissure

Inferior orbital fissure

Infraorbital grooveInfraorbital foramen

Orbital structures

Periorbita

Nerves

Optic nerve (II)

Oculomotor (III)

Ciliary ganglionTrochlear nerve (IV)

Frontal nerve (br. of V1)Supraorbital nerve

Supratrochlear nerve

Lacrimal nerve (br. of V1)

Nasociliary nerve (br. of V1)

Long ciliary nerves

Anterior ethmoidal nerve

Abducent (VI)

MusclesSuperior oblique muscle

Trochlea (not a muscle)

Levator palpebrae superiorisSuperior rectus

Lateral rectus

Inferior rectus

Medial rectus

Anulus tendineus (not a muscle)Superior ophthalmic vein

Ophthalmic artery

Central artery of retina

Eyeball

External coat (aka fibrous coat)

Sclera

CorneaMiddle coat (aka vascular coat)

ChoroidCiliary body

Iris

Internal coat (aka retinal coat)

Outer layer of pigmented cells

Inner layer (extends anteriorly to ora serrata)

Anterior chamber

Aqueous humor


9/21

Vitreous body

Vitreous humor

Lens

Ciliary processes

Zonular fibersOptic disc

PupilIridocorneal angle


10/21

Terms from 01-29 dissection (Posterior and triangle of neck)

Posterior triangle of neck

Muscles

SternocleidomastoidTrapezius

PlatysmaSubclavius

Omohyoid

Intertendon (not a muscle)

Nerves

Lesser occipital nerve

Great auricular nerveTransverse cervical nerve

Supraclavicular nerve

Accessory nerve (CN XI)

External jugular vein

Transverse cervical artery

Suprascapular artery

Fascial roof

Prevertebral fascia (floor)

Deep to floorSplenius capitis

Levator scapulae

Scalenus posterior

Scalenus medius

Scalenus anterior

Interscalene triangle

Subclavian artery

Brachial plexusPhrenic nerve

Anterior triangleDivisions

Muscular

Carotid

Submandibular

SubmentalCervical cavity

Landmarks

Hyoid bone

Thyroid cartilage

Laryngeal prominence (aka Adams apple)

Thyrohyoid membrane

Cricoid cartilage

Cricothyroid membraneTrachea, rings 1-3

Superficial structuresCarotid sheath

Carotid artery

Internal jugular vein

Vagus nerve

Thyrocervical trunk

Facial vein

Retromandibular vein


11/21

Anterior jugular vein

Omohyoid

Sternohyoid

Sternothyroid

ThyrohyoidAnsa cervicalis


12/21

Terms from 01-30 and 01-31 dissection (anterior triangle)

Carotid triangle

Accessory nerve (XI)

HyoidGreater horn

Hypoglossal nerve (XII)Thyrohyoid

Ansa cervicalis

Inferior root of the ansa (aka descendens cervicalis)

Vagus nerve (X)

Superior laryngeal nerve

Internal laryngeal nerveExternal laryngeal nerve

Common carotid artery

Internal carotid artery

External carotid artery

Superior thyroid artery

Lingual artery

Facial artery

Occipital arteryAscending pharyngeal artery

BifurcationCarotid sinus

Carotid body

Internal jugular vein

Common facial vein

Lingual vein

Superior thyroid vein

Submandibular triangleLandmarks

Temporal bone

Mastoid processStyloid process

Mandible

Digastric fossa ( digastric)

Mylohyoid line (mylohyoid)

Submandibular fossaMylohyoid groove

Submandibular gland

Digastric

Anterior and posterior belly

Intermediate tendon

Fibrous sling

Stylohyoid

Hypoglossal nerve (XII)Mylohyoid

Submental triangle

Digastrics

Mylohyoids

Mylohyoid nerve (branch of V3)


13/21

Cervical viscera

Thyroid gland

Right and left lobes

Pyramidal lobe

IsthumsSuperior thyroid artery

Inferior thyroid arterySuperior, middle, inferior thyroid veins

Recurrent laryngeal nerve

Parathyroid glands

Root of neck

Common carotid arteriesInternal jugular veins

Subclavian veins

Vertebral artery

Thoracic duct

Vagus nerve

Phrenic nerve

Sympathetic trunk


14/21

Terms from 02-03 dissection (parotid, infratemporal regions)

Parotid region

Bony landmarks

Temporal boneStyloid process

Mastoid processExternal acoustic meatus

Mandibular fossa

Mandible

Head, neck, ramus

Stylomastoid foramen

StructuresParotid duct

Transverse facial artery

Facial nerve branches

Parotid sheath

Facial nerve (VII)

Auriculotemporal nerve (V3)

Retromandibular vein

External carotid arteryMaxillary artery

Superficial temporal arteryParotid bed

Posterior belly of digsatric

Stylohyoid

Temporal region

Bony landmarks

Temporal fossa

Infratemporal fossaTemporal lines

Zygomatic arch

MandibleRamus

Angle

Mandibular notch

Head

Coronoid processLingula

Mandibular foramen

Mylohyoid groove

Lateral pterygoid plate (sphenoid)

Greater wing of sphenoid

Infratemporal surface of maxilla

Pterygopalatine fossa

Foramen ovaleForamen spinosum

StructuresMasseter

Masseteric nerve and vessels

Temporal fascia

Infratemporal fossa

Inferior alveolar nerve

Lingula nerve

Mylohyoid nerve


15/21

Maxillary artery

Inferior alveolar artery

Middle meningeal artery ( foramen spinosum)

Posterior superior alveolar arteryLateral pterygoid

Chorda tympani

Buccal nerveTemporomandibular joint

Superior and inferior cavity


16/21

Terms from 02-04 dissection (craniovertebral joint, pharynx)

Craniovertebral joints

Axis (C2)

Dens (aka odontoid process)Atlas (C1)

Posterior archAnterior arch

Superior articular facet

Transverse ligament of the atlas

Occipital bone

Foramen magnum

Occipital condylesAtlanto-occipital joint

Retropharyngeal space

Tectorial membrane

Cruciform ligament

Sympathetic trunk

Superior cervical sympathetic ganglion

Rectus capitis

Longus capitisDanger space

Exterior of base of skull

Anterior transverse line

Foramen ovale

Posterior transverse line

Stylomastoid foramen

Jugular foramen

Hypoglossal canal

Occipital condylesForamen magnum

Jugular foramen

Anterior compartmentInferior petrosal sinus

Intermediate compartment

Glossopharyngeal (IX)

Stylopharyngeus

Vagus (X)Inferior ganglion (aka nodose ganglion)

Superior laryngeal nerve

Pharyngeal br.

Accessory (XI)

Posterior compartment

Sigmoid sinus ( internal jugular vein)

Hypoglossal (XII)

PharynxFive layers

Areolar coat

Muscular layer

Outer circular

Inner longitudinal

Fibrous layer (aka pharyngobasilar fascia)

Submucosa

Mucosa


17/21

External pharynx

Superior constrictor

Middle constrictor

Inferior constrictor

Internal laryngeal nerveRecurrent laryngeal nerve

Internal pharnyxNasopharynx

Choanae (aka nasal apertures)

Middle concha

Inferior concha

Pharyngeal orifice of the auditory tube

Torus tubariusPharyngeal recess

Oropharynx

Palatoglossal arch (anterior)

Palatopharyngeal arch (posterior)

Palatine tonsil

Laryngopharynx

Piriform recesses


18/21

Terms from 02-05 dissection (head bisection, nasal cavity, palate etc.)

Bisection of head

Tongue

Oral part of tonguePharyngeal part of tongue

Sulcus terminalisVallate papillae

Long filiform papillae

Fungiform papillae

Foliate papillae

Median glossoepiglottic fold

ValleculaeLingual follicles

Lingual tonsil

Floor of mouth

Digastric

Mylohyoid

Geniohyoid

Nasal cavitiesBony landmarks

Bony palatePalatine process of maxilla

Palatine bone

Horizontal plates

Notch (in vertical plate)

Sphenopalatine foramen

Incisive foramina

Greater palatine foramen

Greater palatine canalPterygopalatine fossa

Sphenoid bone

Sphenoidal sinus (right and left)Posterior pterygoid canal

Foramen lacerum

Sphenopalatine foramen

Superior, middle, inferior concha

Maxillary sinusFrontal sinus

Nasal septum

Perpendicular plate of ethmoid

Vomer

Septal cartilage

Nasopalatine nerve

Anterior ethmoidal nerve

Lateral wall of nasal cavityInferior concha and meatus

Nasolacrimal ductOpening of bony nasolacrimal canal

Middle concha and meatus

Hiatus semilunaris

Ostium for the maxillary sinus

Ethmoidal bulla

Pharyngeal orifice of the auditory tube

Superior concha and meatus


19/21

Sphenoethmoidal recess

Nasal crest (aka agger)

Atrium

Vestibule

Frontonasal ductEthmoidal cells (anterior, middle, posterior)

Orbital plateFrontal sinus

Maxillary sinus

Sphenopalatine foramen and pterygopalatine fossa

Sphenopalatine artery

Posterior lateral nasal artery

Posterior septal branchSphenopalatine foramen

Greater palatine canal

Greater palatine nerve

Greater palatine artery

Pterygopalatine ganglion

Nerve of the pterygoid canal

Maxillary artery (gives off greater palatine artery, sphenopalatine artery)

Maxillary nerve (V2)

Palate, Tonsil, Pharyngeal WallHard palate

Soft palate

Palatine glands

Greater palatine nerve and vessels

Lesser palatine nerve

Palatine tonsils (right and left)

Lingual tonsil

CryptsBed of the palatine tonsil

Pharyngobasilar fascia

PalatopharyngeusSuperior constrictor

Paratonsillar vein

Glossopharyngeal nerve (IX)

Palatoglossus

Pterygomandibular raphe ( superior constrictor, buccinator)

Auditory tubeCartilaginous and membranous parts

Isthmus

Levator veli palatini

Ascending pharyngeal artery

Scaphoid fossa

Hamulus

Mandibular nerve (V3)Foramen ovaleOtic ganglion


20/21

Terms from 02-05 dissection (mouth and tongue)

Vestibule of mouth

MentalisZygomatic arch

MaxillaMandible

Ramus

Coronoid process

Temporalis tendon

Masseter

FrenulumOrifice of parotid duct

Oral cavity

Sublingual region

Frenulum linguae

Deep lingual veins

Opening of submandibular duct

Plica sublingualis

HamulusSublingual region

Mylohyoid lineSublingual fossa

Structures

Mylohyoid

Geniohyoid

Genioglossus

Sublingual gland

Plica sublingualis

Lingual nerveSubmandibular ganglion

Hypoglossal nerve (XII)

Lingual arteryStyloglossus


21/21

Terms from 02-07 dissection (larynx)

Larynx

Thyroid cartilage

Cricoid cartilageArytenoid cartilages (2)

Vocal ligamentsEpiglottic cartilage

Posterior cricoarytenoid muscles

Arytenoid muscles (transverse and oblique)

Cricothyroid

Lateral cricoarytenoid

ThyroarytenoidVocalis

Thyroepiglotticus

Rima glottidis

Interior of larynx

Vestibule

Ventricle

Infraglottic cavityVestibular folds (aka ventricular cords, false cords)

Vocal cords (aka true cords)Cricothyroid ligament

Vocal ligament

Quandrangular membrane

Internal laryngeal nerve

Terms From Head and Neck Dissection

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