Terminal disease

TERMINAL DISEASE

ITZY ESPINOZACARLOS GONZALEZMADELAINE MARTINEZROBERTO SMITHJOHANNY SOBERON

CANCER

Cancer, also known as a malignant tumor, is a group of diseases involving abnormal cell growth with the potential to invade or spread to other parts of the body. Not all tumors are cancerous; benign tumors do not spread to other parts of the body. Possible signs and symptoms include: a new lump, abnormal bleeding, a prolonged cough, unexplained weight loss, and a change in bowel movements, among others.

TREATMENT Cancer treatment is based on

three pillars: surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Other treatment options include hormone therapy, immunotherapy, new non-cytotoxic therapeutic targets and marrow transplantation. Treatment may be multidisciplinary, to require cooperation between different professionals: family physician, surgeon, oncologist, dermatologist, pulmonologist, gynecologist, etc.

AIDS/HIV The acquired immunodeficiency

syndrome, known by its acronym AIDS, 1 is the set of highly diverse diseases (usually infectious or tumoral processes) resulting from infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).

TREATMENT Surgery. Tumor removal in the operating room

by a surgeon, remains the foundation of cancer treatment.

Radiotherapy. It involves the use of ionizing radiation to kill cancer cells and to remove the tumor or reduce its size.

Chemotherapy. Is the use of a number of drugs called cytostatic drugs are substances that have the ability to inhibit the development of malignant tumors by restricting the multiplication of its cells hindering the process of division.

EBOLA VIRUS Ebola virus (EBOV, formerly designated Zaire

ebolavirus) is the sole member of the Zaire ebolavirus species, and the most dangerous of the five known viruses within the genus Ebola virus. Four of the five known ebola viruses cause a severe and often fatal hemorrhagic fever in humans and other mammals, known as Ebola virus disease. The virus and its species were both originally named for Zaire (now the Democratic Republic of Congo).

TREATMENTThe Ebola virus, like all the "hot" virus has no cure and no specific treatment. The treatment used today is supportive, cardiopulmonary support and intensive care, taking into account patient privacy and the protection of biological risk to health care providers. Extreme care with patient secretions as it is a highly contagious infection. It is easy to reproduce in laboratories, highly contagious but questionable aerosol transmission,; Ebola mortality may reach 90%.

LEPROSY Leprosy, also known as Hansen's disease is a

chronic infection caused by the bacteria Mycobacterium leprae and Mycobacterium lepromatosis. Initially infections are without symptoms and typically remain this way for 5 to as long as 20 years.[1] Symptoms that develop include granulomas of the nerves, respiratory tract, skin, and eyes. This may result in a lack of ability to feel pain and thus loss of parts of extremities due to repeated injuries. Weakness and poor eyesight may also be present.

TREATMENT

A number of leprostatic agents are available for treatment. For paucibacillary (PB or tuberculoid) cases treatment with daily dapsone and monthly rifampicin for six months is recommended. While for multibacillary (MB or lepromatous) cases treatment with daily dapsone and clofazimine along with monthly rifampicin for twelve months is recommended.

HANTAVIRUS Hantaviruses are single-stranded, enveloped,

negative sense RNA viruses in the Bunyaviridae family. They normally infect rodents and don't cause disease in these hosts. Humans may become infected with hantaviruses through contact with rodent urine, saliva, or feces. Some strains of hantaviruses cause potentially fatal diseases in humans, such as Hantavirus hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS), while others have not been associated with known human disease.

TREATMENT

There is no known antiviral treatment, but natural recovery from the virus is possible with supportive treatment. Patients with suspected hantavirus are usually admitted to the hospital and given oxygen and mechanical ventilation support to help them breathe during the acute pulmonary stage. As the virus can be transmitted by rodent saliva, excretia, and bites, control of rats and mice in areas frequented by humans is key for disease prevention.