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Introduction Paraslim is a modular soffit support system designed to facilitate construction of edge projections, parapets and string courses of composite steel girder and precast concrete bridge decks. It may also be used to construct the capping beams to sheet piles or connect to a previously cast wall to produce a simple access platform for use in low-rise jump formwork applications
The system is based on a triangular frame consisting of a Superslim top chord with a tubular or Superslim undercarriage. Frames are laced together with tube and fittings to produce a module erected and dismantled by crane. All erection, levelling, use and dismantling can be carried out safely from above deck level thus eliminating the need for special access plant and enhancing safety by reducing work at height. The modules can be provided to site preassembled by RMD Kwikform, thus saving site assembly time and space.
In bridge construction, Paraslim modules are either assembled onto the bridge girders before they are raised into position, in which case they form a full span access platform available for use immediately, or they are craned into position individually alongside the erected bridge beams. Various edge protection options are available ranging from Ultraguard mesh panels to fully hoarded debris shields for use over live road or rail traffic.
Area: Gross Area: Nett I xx I yy r xx r yy Z xx Z yy El xx El yy GAxx M max x M max y Max Joint Moment (4 M16 bolts) Max Joint Moment (6 M16 bolts) Max Joint Moment (stiffeners see 1.2.1. sheet 16) Max Joint Tension (4 M16 bolts) Max Joint Tension (6 M16 bolts) Max Joint Tension (4 M16 bolts and stiffeners) Mean compressive yield stress Mean Self weight for Analysis
Alform Beams Used as a secondary beam in Paraslim applications.
Code Description Weight AFX11200 Alform Beam 1200mm 6.8 kg AFX11500 Alform Beam 1500mm 8.5 kg AFX11800 Alform Beam 1800mm 10.1 kg AFX12100 Alform Beam 2100mm 11.3 kg AFX12400 Alform Beam 2400mm 13.5 kg AFX12700 Alform Beam 2700mm 15.2 kg AFX13600 Alform Beam 3600mm 20.3 kg AFX14200 Alform Beam 4200mm 23.7 kg AFX14800 Alform Beam 4800mm 27.1 kg AFX15400 Alform Beam 5400mm 30.5 kg AFX16000 Alform Beam 6000mm 33.9 kg AFX16600 Alform Beam 6600mm 37.3 kg AFX17200 Alform Beam 7200mm 40.7 kg
Alform Beam Properties
Gross Area 17.6cm2 Second Moment of area I xx 558cm4 Flexural Rigidity EI 384kNm2 Shear Rigidity GA xx 18489kN Maximum Bending Moment xx 10kNm Max Reaction (Intermediate) 75mm bearing 55kN Max Reaction (End) 44mm bearing 40kN Self Weight (with timber insert) 5.66kg/m
Used to connect Alform secondary beams to Soldiers.
Alform Superslim Clamp (AFX20015) weight 0.16kg
Tighten wing nut hand tight plus 1/4 turn
AWL Slip along Soldier = 1.0kN
AWL Slip along Alform = 0.75kN
Clamp Assembly - Superslim (Sally Clamp)
Universal Clamp (ALX10001) weight 0.75kg
A secure serrated clamp used with all falsework systems in crane handled applications. Connects Albeam, Alform, Alsec, Superslim Soldiers, GTX150 and T200 composite timber beams in any combination. Tighten the unit by tapping the wings of the nut with a hammer.
Paraslim Tilt Plate (PSX10008) weight 2.30kg Connects to Paraslim Turnbuckle Forkend (PSX10007) and Paraslim Tube Inner or Outer (PSX10009 or PSX10010) with M20x100 Bolt & Nyloc Nut (BNU20015 + BNU20002). AWL = ±40kN
Plan View Side View
150
150
100
100 64
80
10
30
4 No. Ø17 Holes
Ø22 Hole
Paraslim Tilt Plate Bearing Pad (PSX10035) weight 0.12kg Used for protecting the paintwork on the web of the bridge girder. Bolted to the Paraslim Tilt Plate (PSX10008) with 2 No. M10x35 Set Pins, Rocking Head Washers, & M10 Nyloc Nuts (BNX10007 + SSU10029 + MNX10076).
Superslim Turnbuckle 914-1160 (SSU10016) weight 8.42kg Connects between Paraslim Turnbuckle Forkend and Superslim soldier with 2 no. pin and R-clips for rapid and easy assembly. Pin to Pin range - 914mm fully closed to 1160mm fully open.
AWL = ±45kN
Code Description Weight SSU10016 Superslim Turnbuckle 914-1160 8.42 kg SSX10046 Superslim 19mm Pin & R-clip 0.29 kg
COMPONENTS
Paraslim Tube Inner (PSX10009) weight 2.10kg Part of a telescopic strut which connects between the Paraslim Tilt Plate (PSX10008) & the horizontal Superslim Soldier with Superslim 19mm Pins & R-Clips (SSX10046). Can be used without the Paraslim Tube Outer to create a shallower undercarriage. AWL = 40kN Tension Only
620 580 40
40 75
Ø38.1
3 No. Ø22 Holes Side View Section
Paraslim Tube Outer (PSX10010) weight 2.34kg Part of a telescopic strut which connects between the Paraslim Tilt Plate (PSX10008) & the horizontal Superslim Soldier with Superslim 19mm Pins & R-clips (SSX10046). When used with the Paraslim Tube Inner, telescopic strut dimensions vary from 465-990mm pin to pin (in 75mm increments).AWL = 40kN Tension Only
M16 x 40mm H.T. Set Pin For general use to connect the end plates of Soldiers and accessories
M16 x 110 8.8 Bolt Plated For use with Joint Stiffeners and Ultraguard Soldier Sockets
M16 x 40 HT CSK Set Pin ZP For use with Half Couplers and Corner Pivots
Hex Nuts Grade 8.8
M20 x 90mm Bolt with Nut For use with Turnbuckle & Wind Tie instead of a Superslim 19mm Pin & R Clip
Superslim 19mm Pin & R Clip Assembly Used instead of a bolt for connection to the 21mm dia holes in a Super Slim.
Superslim R-clip
M24 M20 M16
40 110
90
78
Code Description Weight BNU16007 M16x40 Set Pin - gr 8.8 BZP 0.09 kg BNU16013 M16x110 Bolt - gr 8.8 BZP 0.20 kg BNU16008 M16x40 Set Pin - gr 8.8 BZP Csk 0.05 kg BNU16001 M16 Nut - gr 8 BZP 0.03 kg BNU20001 M20 Nut - gr 8 0.06 kg BNU24001 M24 Nut - gr 8 0.06 kg BNX20030 M20x90 Bolt - gr 8.8 BZP 0.28 kg BNU24004 M24x60 gr 8.8 Bolt BZP 0.37 kg BNU24002 M24 Round Washer BZP 0.07 kg SSX10046 Superslim 19mm Pin & R Clip 0.28 kg
Retained in the Superslim Soldier porthole using an integral spring latch, the Paraslim Safetie Bearing houses and captivates the Knock O Wing Nut (BTX10001).
AWL = 65kN
Flexible Hose 25/31 - 30m long (BTU10002) weight 9.60kg
Used to protect and de-bond the Paraslim Bar Tie from wet concrete.
Paraslim Safetie Nut (PSU20002) weight 0.28kg
Used to suspend the Paraslim Bar Tie Assembly from the Paraslim Bracket 35 deg Cast (PSX10003) or the Paraslim Bracket 50 deg Cast (PSX10039). The integral rubber ‘O’ ring provides a tight seal between the Safetie Nut and the Paraslim Plas-tic Tube 51dia/m (PSU20006).
Attached to the top of a steel beam with an M24 Weld Stud & M24 Nut or to the top of a precast concrete beam using a M24 bolt, the Paraslim Bracket provides support to the Paraslim Bar Tie Assembly.
AWL = 55kN*
30 130
Tie angle range 30º to 43º
60
Plan Elevation
* Note: In two stage cantilever construction where the Paraslim Cast Bracket is buried at least 150mm into the first pour the allowable working load for the tie system can be increased to 65kN for the subsequent pours.
Attached to the top of a steel beam with an M24 Weld Stud & M24 Nut or to the top of a precast concrete beam using a M24 bolt, the Paraslim Bracket provides support to the Paraslim Bar Tie Assembly.
Consists of 15mm Rapid Tie Bar cut to length with a Paraslim Safetie stop (PSU20003) 50mm from one end. The opposing end is sprayed green as a visible indicator for when the Safetie is fully engaged into the Paraslim Safetie Bearing (PSU20001).
AWL = 65kN
Paraslim Safetie Stop (PSU20003) weight 0.05kg
Prevents the Safetie Nut (PSU20002) from coming off the top end of the Safetie during tie removal and thus, as a result of further rotation, forcing retraction of the bottom end of the Safetie from the Safetie Bearing. Crimped onto the end of the 15mm Rapid Bar Tie Bar in the RMDK works when manufacturing Safeties.
Foam Sleeve 22/60 dia per m (FAU10141) weight 0.32kg
Used as a stopper to prevent wet concrete from entering the Paraslim Plastic Tube 51dia/m (PSU20006). Cut flush with the concrete surface during installation.
Paraslim Safetie Spanner (PSU20004) weight 4.23kg One end has a hex socket that engages with the Safetie Nut for use during the initial striking process by use of the integral slogging handles. The other end has a female thread that fits the top of the Safetie enabling the spanner to be connected to the top and the tie to be withdrawn, even when below the finished concrete surface. Also incorporates cross drilled holes enabling a short Rapid Bar Tie to be used as a T-bar.
The Paraslim wind tie assembly is used to prevent overturning of the Paraslim modules due to high winds gusting upwards. 2 No. wind tie assemblies are required per Paraslim module (fixed to the outermost Paraslim soldier frames).
Part of the Wind Tie Assembly, the Quicklink 10mm is used to connect the Paraslim Restraint Hook (PSU20009) to the Galvanised Chain 8mm x 3050mm (AGU20015) and the 10mm Turnbuckle 222-320mm (AGU20016) to the Paraslim soldier frame.
Galvanised Chain 8mm x 3050mm (AGU20015) weight 3.29kg/m
Connected between the Paraslim Restraint Hook (PSU20009) and the 10mm Turnbuckle 222-320mm (AGU20016) in the Paraslim Wind Tie Assembly.
Used to tension the 8mm chain bracing in the Paraslim Wind Tie Assembly. 1 No required per brace. Important! ensure 8mm Nyloc Nuts are used on fork end pins and max extension of 55mm at each end is not exceeded.
AWL = 12kN
Webtie Edge Protector (PSX10014) weight 0.01kg Used to protect the paintwork on the edge of the bottom flange of the bridge girder.
Superslim 19mm Pin & R-clip (SSX10046) weight 0.29kg Used to connect the 8mm chain bracing to the Superslim soldier frame in the
Ultraguard Barriers The Ultraguard barrier is simple to use and to erect. The barrier itself complies with the latest European standards for Temporary Edge Protection Systems (Classification A) to EN 13374:2004.
Code Description Weight SAX12550 Ultraguard Barrier 2550mm 17.3 kg SAX13150 Ultraguard Barrier 3150mm 25.0 kg
Ultraguard Handrail Post 1200mm (SAX11200) weight 2.20kg A lightweight aluminium post with an integral steel anti-lift plate. The post has an ‘easy fit’ socket connection that is used throughout the Ultraguard range of components.
Ultraguard Aluminium Beam Bracket (SAX10005) weight 4.17kg Used on secondary aluminium beams to a maximum of 100mm wide. The clamp is designed to take the Ultraguard Post (SAX11200) or a 48.3mm diameter Scaffold Tube that is secured using an integral captive wing nut arrangement.
Ultraguard Soldier Socket (SAX10012) weight 4.74kg Allows Ultraguard barrier system to be used with Superslim Soldiers as horizontal members. The socket is bolted to the end of the Superslim Soldier using 2 No. M16x110 gr8.8 Bolts and M16 Nuts ( BNU16013 + BNU16001).
Lifting equipment used for crane handling Paraslim modules of up to 4000kg. Use in conjunction with C-Frame Chain Assembly (ASX10042) and refer to Equipment Guidance Notes UIX10606 for information regarding safe use.
This ‘C’ Hook folds down to 985h x 3760w x 1420w for transportation.
Stud Material Weld studs are manufactured from low-carbon steel grade St 37-3K conforming to DIN standard 17100 offering excellent weldability. Mechanical properties are in accordance with DIN-ISO 898 Sheet1, grade 4.8: Yield stress:
AWL = 60kN tension & 43kN shear (factor of safety 2:1 on yield).
Stud Welding It is the responsibility of the customer to verify the adequacy of any weld procedure used for the attachment of the threaded studs onto the main steelwork and to ensure that all such studs are individually tested. Welding of the studs can be by the Drawn Arc process with procedures generally in accordance with DIN 8563 pt.10 (NOTE: Excluding testing requirements) or by M.M.A., M.A.G. or F.C.A.W. with procedures in accordance with BS 288 pt.3.
The drawn-arc process is the preferred method used to attach weld studs. The stud is inserted into an applicator tool, which is connected to one terminal of a substantial electrical supply. The beam to which the stud will be connected is attached to the other terminal. The bottom end of each stud is slightly pointed and contains a small, embedded slug of aluminium metal. When the operator applies the applicator to the beam an electric arc is struck between the two components. The heat of the arc melts both the end of the stud and the surface of the beam with the aluminium acting as a flux. The resultant molten weld metal is retained in situ by a small ceramic ferrule placed around the stud prior to application.
In addition to visual inspection of every weld, each stud must be subjected to an axial proof load of 100kN prior to use. Records should be kept of all inspection and testing.
Stud Weld Testing If the correct procedures are used the drawn-arc process produces a reliable full strength butt weld over the entire cross section of each stud. Poor weld quality will result if incorrect current/voltage are used and if operatives attempt to weld the studs when too much moisture is present (i.e. in the rain or before the steel is dry after-wards). There are few opportunities for a half-way-house in quality; when the weld is defective it exhibits very low strength, otherwise the stud is good.
Stud Weld Testing Equipment
M24x475mm long All Thread Rod gr8.8 (PSX10041)
RMDK Hydraulic Test Kit (BTX10027) calibrated for 100kN max
M24 Hex Nut gr8.8 (BNU24001)
2 No. 75x75x6x26 Plate Washers (BNX20019)
M24x48 long High Yield Coupler (PSX10042)
Open Sided Test Stool (PSX10040)
Baseplate 100mm square
Paraslim Weld Stud M24x50 (PSX10001)
RMDK have developed a simple tensile test using standard off the shelf equipment. A tensile test load of 100kN is applied to each stud subsequent to welding and prior to use. The test setup is shown below.
Special Paraslim Bracket Connected to Sheet Piles by Customer’s Welding
Paraslim Safetie Nut
Paraslim Sheet Pile Bracket. Customer to Weld to Pile Face With 4mm Fillet Weld.
25/31 Flexible Hose
Customer to Make Grout Tight With Denzo Tape or Similar
Paraslim Safetie
Ø60mm Hole in Sheet Pile Face By Customer
Customer’s Sheet Piles
Customer to Seal With Expanding Foam or Similar
Paraslim Plastic Tube 51dia
APPLICATIONS
Paraslim Bracket Fixed to Steel Beam with M24x50 Shear Stud
160
M24 Nut on Paraslim Cast Bracket Over RMDK M24x50 Weld Stud, Weld-ed to Beam Flange by Others
Grout Seal Tube with Customer’s Expanding Foam
Customer’s Timber Notched Locally Around Ties
25/31 Flexible Hose
Paraslim Plastic Tube 51 Dia
Foam Sleeve 22/60
Paraslim Bracket Cast
Paraslim Safetie & Nut
Note: When fixing the Paraslim Cast Bracket to the Steel Girder, the M24 Nut on the Weld Stud should be finger tight and then given 1/4 of a turn with a spanner - under no circumstances should this nut be torqued.
Design Paraslim consists of triangular frames laced together to form modules. A single diagonal tie from a porthole in the top chord of the triangular frame to a bracket bolted or welded to the support structure suspends each frame in the module. All other reaction points (R1, R2 & R3) use simple bearing and are not positively connected.
Member Forces and Reaction Distribution The member forces and reactions are controlled by two factors; the vertical loads on the system and the outboard moment on the frame. The only vertical support is provided by the Paraslim Tie. Because this is inclined a horizontal force is generated which is resisted by compression at R1. If the outboard moment is low compared with the vertical load the outboard moment is resisted by a couple generated between R1 & R2. This produces compression at R2 and relives the compression due to the tie load at R1. If the outboard moment is high relative to the vertical load the compression at R1 decreases until it reaches zero. As it cannot take tension any further moment causes the reaction distribution to change from a horizontal reaction at R1 to a vertical reaction at R3. On steel bridge beams reaction R3 is provided by packing to the underside of the top flange. On concrete edge beams it is provided by the undercarriage hooking underneath the beam. The side formwork will affect the distribution of forces and this should be considered during the design. The distribution of forces and reactions should be calculated using either simple static or elastic analysis. Simple static analysis is best carried out using a bespoke spreadsheet calculator and elastic analysis is carried out using frame analysis software. Inboard Rotation As well as outboard rotation the Paraslim frame must also be checked for inboard rotation caused by vertical loads inboard of the porthole bearing support plus wind forces on the hand-rail/hoarding and underside of the module. As the point of vertical support for the Paraslim frame is the Porthole Bearing this is the point around which the frame will rotate during any condition of instability. A stability check is best done by simple moments. A minimum FOS of 1.2 against overturning should be considered. Kentledge or wind ties to the support structure should be used where necessary.
Side shutters Three types of side shutter are generally used: Considering the horizontal forces and moments caused by the side shutter: Type X All taken by permanent structure, none taken by Paraslim. Type Y All taken by Paraslim. Type Z Shared by permanent structure and Paraslim. The type selected can have a significant affect on the distribution of forces and reactions and it is important the shutter erected on site matches that detailed by the designer.
Wind Loading Wind forces should be calculated using a wind code appropriate to the location. Appropriate force coefficients are as below.
Note. Wind uplift on structures such as Paraslim is not well covered by design standards. Correlation is taken from advice for canopies with a Cf value of 0.9 being taken if the wind can pass freely underneath and 1.3 in all other situations. Normally the wind will be able to pass freely underneath but in rare situations the wind can be deflected up at a steep angle so that it hits the underside of the Paraslim. This can be because of a large obstruction under the structure or because it is at the top of a very steep embankment or cliff. In these case a Cf value of 1.3 should be used.
Type ‘X’ Type ‘Y’ Type ‘Z’
Wind Gust Profile
Wind Profile Hoarding, Guardrail & Toe Boards
Wind Profile Soffit Edge
Force Coefficients, Cf Hoarding, Guardrails & Toe Board = 1.8 - see BS 5975 17.5.1.15.4
Edge of soffit formwork = 2.2 - see BS 5975 17.5.1.15.2 (b)
Up-gust on canopy = 0.9 or 1.3 - treated as canopy ‘half or fully blocked’ at downwards eaves. See note below.
Allowable Tie Loads The allowable tie load is dependant on the capacity of the tie, the anchor bracket and the method of fixing the anchor bracket to the existing structure.
Maximum allowable tie load of a Paraslim Bracket when welded or bolted to a steel structure with M24 x 50 weld studs = 55kN
The maximum allowable tie load of the Paraslim Bracket when bolted to a cast in fixing on a concrete structure will depend on the capacity of the anchor.
The tie itself has an allowable capacity of 65kN but this can only be achieved in two stage cantilever construction where the Paraslim Bracket is fully encased in the first pour by at least 150mm and the concrete has achieved a concrete strength of at least 25N/mm2.
Bracket Reactions
Module Layout In order to provide redundancy wherever possible modules should be detailed with three or more frames. Two frames modules should only be detailed for structure with tight vertical or horizontal curves.
DESIGN DATA
Rº
V kN
N kN R kN
Due to bracket geometry, bracket reactions:
30-44 degree Brackets
N = 94 x Tie Load x Sin (69.23 - R)/120 R = Vertical tie component + N V = Tie load x Cos R
30-56 degree Brackets
N = 104 x Tie Load x Sin (83 - R)/120 R = Vertical tie component + N V = Tie load x Cos R
Deflection Frame analysis for Paraslim schemes shows the RMD Kwikform equipment to be relatively stiff and typically gives primary deflection values in the region of 4mm at the concrete face. There will be significant and additive secondary deflections caused by other factors. Their sum will likely exceed the primary deflection and although RMDK have no responsibility to calculate values, we have much experience in this field and should communicate such information to users of the system so that appropriate soffit pre-setting allowances may be made by the Customer during erection. Any deflection of the permanent works will allow rotational deflection of the Paraslim system. Below are typical causes and values of these deflections.
Lateral deflection of the bottom flange of the girder (3mm).
Lateral deflection of the web at the lower horizontal web support (2mm)
The sum of these deflections is 5mm. The deflection of the soffit at the cantilever edge however will be amplified based upon the ratio of the vertical distance between the reaction points on the girder web and the length of concrete cantilever. If this ratio is 2 than the resultant deflection at the edge of the cantilever due to the secondary effects will be 10mm. This is additional to the 4mm calculated in the frame analysis. The total deflection will hence be in the region of 14mm. Further rotational deflection will result at any joint between the Horizontal Superslims if the bolts in the joint have not been torqued up to 140Nm.
Appendix ‘A’ - Paraslim Access Platform (The additional components needed to construct a Paraslim Access Platform are listed in this Appendix).
The Paraslim Access Platform is a modular cantilever platform system designed primarily to provide high level access on concrete structures and support to formwork.
The system is based on the same triangular frame as Paraslim, consisting of a Superslim top chord with a tube and turnbuckle undercarriage, however the platform is attached to the structure with a different type of anchorage and brackets are laced together in pairs with tube and fittings to produce a platform module erected and dismantled by crane.
Each of the two frames in the module is mounted securely onto the structure by engagement with a wall mounted bobbin unit fitted to anchor cones or screws embedded in the previous pour. A safety latch captivates the system to the bobbin thus preventing disengagement in the event of accidental upward loading.
Care is needed to ensure that each pair of cast in anchors is set at the correct centres to suit the module frames.
Superslim Soldier 360mm OE - Post 2002 (SSU10035) weight 11.7kg Used as part of the primary beam on the Superslim support frame. The open end facilitates location of the platform onto the Superslim O/E M24 Cone Bobbin (SSX10061).
For max loads with Superslim O/E M24 Cone Bobbin see performance graph - sheet 40.
180
125
176
106
225
360
60 60 120 120
90 90 180
42
126
80
225
176
70
24
6 No 18Ø holes
27Ø hole
6 No 21Ø holes through
100Ø
10 10 3.5
Note: Tension load capacity does not apply when attaching the Superslim O/E M24 Cone Bobbin to the central 27mm dia. hole of a non-open ended Superslim Soldier. AWL to follow.
Creates a captivated connection when seating a (post 2002) 360mm OE soldier over the Superslim O/E M24 Cone Bobbin, creating simple loading / access platforms etc.
Superslim Safety Latch (SSX10048) Weight 1.39kg
Typical Arrangement
287
181
22
2 No 24mm Ø holes though
Latch in locked position
Latch in unlocked position
360mm OE Soldier (post 2002 type)
M24 Anchor Cone & Ascent Anchor
19mm Pin & R Clip
M24 Cone Bobbin
Allowable Working Loads for Superslim O/E M24 Cone Bobbin
Rapidclimb 45kN Cone (RCX10009) weight 1.62 kg Cast into the wall together with the Ascent Anchor Plate (AGX10028) to enable connection of the Superslim O/E M24 Cone Bobbin (SSX10061). It is retrieved after use. Note! Ensure cone surfaces are coated with Anchor Screw Grease to facilitate removal.
M24 Thread
Cross Section Showing Stop Pin
100
50Ø
60Ø
58
Allowable Working Load = 45kN shear & 80kN tension
Code Description Weight
HTX24280 HTX24200 HTX24140 HTX10015 HTX10013
Anchor Screw M24 x 280 Anchor Screw M24 x 200 Anchor Screw M24 x 140 Extractor Key Head M24 Extractor Key Arm
1.45 kg 1.11 kg 0.88 kg 0.34 kg 3.60 kg
200
43Ø
140
41
280
M24 Anchor Screws A fully recoverable alternative to the cone for fixing to the wall.
Superslim O/E M24 Cone Bobbin (SSX10061) weight 0.5kg Used in conjunction with the Rapidclimb Anchor Cone (RCX10009) and the Ascent Anchor Plate (AGX10028) to secure the Superslim Support Frame to the wall.
Rapidclimb Extractor Key (RCX10031) weight 0.45 kg Used to remove Rapidclimb cones to allow re-use. The key can be captivated to the cone using a M24x60 set pin to prevent movement of the key when using a 36AF spanner on the hex head if required.
Used to attach the 45kN Anchor Cone or 30kN anchor screw to the shutter prior to pouring. This is nailed to the form face and the anchor is hand tightened onto it.
A 14A/F key used to extract the Cone Retainer from the Anchor Cone after the pouring process.
80
A consumable M24 gr8.8 anchor used with the Rapidclimb 45kN Anchor Cone (RCX10009).