Team project- learning theories

Behaviorism

Team Betas/Haiti

ChelseaKellyBethLaraAmy

Key PeopleIvan Pavlov (1849-1936)

Famous for:› experiments with dogs

Used classic conditioning › refers to the natural

reflex that occurs in response to a stimulus

His technique of stimulus response was used on humans by other scientists

Won Nobel Prize in Physiology (1904)

Key PeopleB. F. Skinner (1904-1990)

Famous for:› operant conditioning:

learning that is controlled shaping behavior through

the reinforcement of stimulus-response patterns

Known experiments on training pigeons as well as his daughter

Believed:› People behave based on

rewards of positive reinforcement

Many classroom management is based from Skinner’s theories

Key PeopleAlbert Bandura (1925-)

Famous for :› ideas on Social

Cognitive Theory Believed:

› people acquire behavior through observing others and mimicking (contrasts with Skinner)

Mimicking is a.k.a observational modeling

Key PeopleAlbert Bandura Cont’d

(1925-) Focused on:

› self efficacy personal observation

about one’s perceived ability to feel, think, and motivate oneself to learn

Analyzes personality through three aspects: › Environment› Behavior› psychological processes

While studying imagery he switched from behaviorist to cognitivist

Key Points Behaviorism

› the prediction and control of human behavior

› in which introspection and/or independent thinking play no essential part of its teaching methods

Key Points include:› Classical Conditioning› Operant Conditioning› Observational modeling

Classical Conditioning

Created by Ivan Pavlov through his behavioral experiments with dogs.

It is the natural reflex that occurs in response to a stimulus› The salivating to the

sound of the bell.

Operant Conditioning

Created by B.F Skinner through his pigeon experiments.

Learning:› is controlled through

reinforcement of stimulus-response patterns.

Example:› Student reads word

correctly and receives a piece of candy.

Observational Modeling

Created by Albert Bandura

Observational modeling:› watching

something and then mimicking the behavior in order to get the same response.

What is the classroom implication for the teacher under the

Behaviorism Theory? Behaviorism in the Classroom without Technology

› Teachers have a responsibility to reinforce and encourage positive or negative behavior by responding to students with either a reward or punishment. This ensures that positive behavior is encouraged and

perpetuated so that students are motivated to continue acting in a positive manner. This also ensures that negative behavior is discouraged and halted and eventually becomes extinct.

For example, when a student answers a question correctly, they can be rewarded with a piece of candy.

Technology and Behaviorism in the Classroom› Computer- assisted technologies and instructional software

use drill and practice techniques which reinforce responses and develop motivation because students enjoy learning through use of these fun technologies!

› These technologies also give students an encouraging comment before they move on, encouraging more hard-work!

What is the classroom implication for the student under the

Behaviorism Theory? Behaviorism in the Classroom without Technology

› The job of the student in the Behaviorist classroom is the response to the reinforcement by the teacher.

› Students are rewarded for positive behavior and punished for negative behavior. Some teachers use a token system that students participate in so

that they can gain rewards for positive behavior. The students save their token and trade them with the teacher for tangible rewards.

Behaviorism in the Classroom with Technology› Students learn through computer-assisted technology that

encourage them to continue applying whatever they’ve learned correctly to their learning software. In some cases, the student can earn points in the game from getting the questions right that allow them to play new games or purchase new cool stuff that they can share with their classmates

Our opinion as teachers… As teachers,

› the theory of behaviorism can be implemented into our classrooms via a variety of methods with or without technology.

› Learning behaviorism is very important for a successful classroom

› Using positive and negative reinforcements to elicit desired behaviors of students, is also useful in establishing AND maintaining classroom management

The methods of Skinner and Pavlov are most effective because:› Teachers can reinforce positive behaviors through the use of

Operant and Classical conditioning. Example:

› When a child produces a desirable behavior and is rewarded for it, that behavior will be repeated. If a response is negative, the behavior will be extinguished.

These methods, will result in more productive students as well as an effective classroom setting

Credits http://ladyraine.files.wordpress.com/2010/01/pavlov-dogs.j

pg http://www.edb.utexas.edu/robinson/SelfEff/banduraTriad.jp

g http://www.corbisimages.com/images/67/F0430A72-9855-4

1D9-930B-51539AA4E38D/U1143750INP.jpg https

://sites.google.com/a/boisestate.edu/edtechtheories/behaviorism-vs-constructivism-in-the-technological-secondary-education-classroom-1

http://www.associatedcontent.com/article/94979/behavioral_cognitive_and_humanistic.html

https://www.msu.edu/~purcelll/behaviorism%20theory.htm The Textbook