TCVN 4528 : 1988
PAGE 28
TCVN 4528 : 1988
Nhm H
Hm ng st v hm ng t - Quy phm thi cng, nghim thu
Railway and highway tunnels Codes for construction, check and
acceptance
1. Quy nh chung
1.1.Quy phm ny dng thi cng v nghim thu khi xy dng hm qua ni cho
ng st (kh 1435mm) v ng t.
1.2.Vic thi cng hm ni c trt l, vng chnh sch ng t t cp 7 tr ln,
ngoi cc quy nh trong tiu chun ny cn phi ph hp vi cc quy nh hin hnh
khc c lin quan.
1.3.Trong qu trnh thi cng hm cn tun theo cc quy nh trong tiu
chun "an ton lao ng trong xy dng" (QPVN 14: 1979) v tiu chun "phng
chy cha chy cho nh v cng trnh" (TCVN 2622:1978).
1.4.Ch tin hnh thi cng hm sau khi n thit k t chc thi cng c cp c
thm quyn ph duyt v phi ph hp vi "tiu chun t chc thi cng" (TCVN
4055:1985).
n thit k t chc thi cng phi th hin cc ni dung c bn sau:
a) Cc phng php v tin o hm trn tng on.
b) Cc thit b v vt t thi cng, b tr kho bi, ln tri v t chc nhn
lc.
c) B tr ng i li, ng vn chuyn thi cng.
d) V tr on o ngm, on o l thin, bi thi t .
e) B tr c gii trn tng on theo thi gian.
f) Nhng bin php c bit s l n nh t v taluy.
g) Nhng bin php m bo an ton cho cc cng trnh xung quanh (k c cho
ng t, ng st i qua trn hm).
15.Cc trm trn b tng, xng lm vn khun, ct thp v cc cng trnh phc v
thi cng khc nn t chc ti hin trng.
1.6.Vic cp kh p cho b phn o ngm v b phn o l thin c th t cc trm c
nh hoc t cc trm di ng. Cng sut, s lng v v tr cc trm kh p cn c th
hin trong thit k t chc thi cng.
1.7.in dng cho thi cng ly t li in quc gia theo ng cp trn khng
hoc i ngm, vi in p 6 n 10KV vo my bin th. Trong trng hp khng gn li
in quc gia cn cp in bng cc trm pht ring ca cng trng.
Cp in cho cc nhm tiu th phi ring r (o hm, thng gi, thot nc, chiu
sng) v cng sut phi cho tt c cc ph ti cng s dng mt lc.
1.8.Phi m bo in thoi v cc phng tin thng bo khc lin tc trong sut
thi gian thi cng.
Cp in phi treo cao, khng c ri trn nn, ni i v ni lm vic.
1.9.Trong qu trnh o hm phi theo di cht ch v c h thng tnh hnh a
cht thc t (nh n nh ca mt o, s thay i b dy ca va, cng ca t a, nt n)
v tnh hnh a cht thu vn trong mt o. Cc kt qu quan st c phi ghi vo
nht k thi cng (ph lc 8). Cn theo di nhng bin dng ca mt t, ca nhng
cng trnh trn mt t v trong lng t xung quanh khu vc hm. Cc sai khc v
a cht, a cht thu vn so vi d kin ca thit k v bin dng ca cc cng trnh
cn bo co ngay cho ch u t v c quan thit k bit c bin php x l.
1.10.Cng trnh phc v thi cng hin trng phi m bo kh nng s dng hiu
qu v thun tin nht, m bo v sinh mi trng. Cn c d kin s dng cc cng
trnh sau khi thi cng xong hm.
1.11.Cn c bin php chn lp chc chn cc ng l ph (dng trong thi cng),
cc khe h gia v hm v nn t trong thi gian sm nht sau khi lm xong
hm.
1.12.n v thi cng cn lp cc h s theo di thi cng v h s hon cng c c
s nghim thu v qun l cng trnh sau ny.
2. Cng tc o c
2.1.Li khng ch nh tuyn cn b tr trn mt t, dc tuyn hm theo cc iu
2.2 n 2.8 trong quy phm ny. Cc im khng ch c chuyn v c nh ti y ging,
ca hm, ca hng dn cng nh ti cc cng trnh trn mt t.
Trong qu trnh o c trn mt t cng nh khi chuyn to , cao cc im khng
ch xung di mt t cn xy dng cc mc o c theo yu cu ca iu 2.2 v cc iu
2.12 n 2.16 ca quy phm ny.
2.2.Mc o c trn mt t phi xy dng theo tiu chun mc vnh cu, bng cc
thanh kim loi trong khi b tng chn trong t. Trong iu kin cn thit phi
c cc cng trnh bo v v c cc mc nh du xc nh cc mc o mt cch chc
chn.
2.3. Li tam gic khng ch ng hm cn tho mn cc yu cu nu trong
bng1.
Khi thi cng ng thi hai hm tr nn, th cp li tam gic cn xc nh da
theo chiu di ln nht ca tt c cc hm.
Cc gc v cnh ca li tam gic cn o hai ln, cch nhau t nht l mt thng.
Cc cnh ca li tam gic cn b tr khng di qu 3km dc tuyn hm v gia cc nh
ca tam gic khng qa 2km.
2.4.Trong trng hp li tam gic khng ch l li ng sn th chnh xc ly
theo bng 2.
2.5.Li ng sn trn mt t, dc tuyn hm cn b tr theo h thng ng chuyn
khp kn, hoc ng chuyn h nm gia cc cnh ca li tam gic v ng nh tuyn
hm.
Cho php dng ng chuyn c bn lm li khng ch nh tuyn xy dng ng hm c
chiu di nh hn hoc bng 1km.
ng chuyn c bn phi tho mn cc iu kin sau:
Chiu di cnh t 100 n 300m;
Sai s khp kn theo chu vi khng c ln hn 1/35.000 i vi hm di t 500m
tr ln v khng c ln hn 1/20000 i vi hm di di 500m;
Sai s trung phng o gc khng c vt qu (3 giy;
Khi di, h s ngu nhin khng c vt qu 0,0003 v h s sai s h thng khng
c qu 0,00001.
o gc hoc o di phi tin hnh hai ln, cch nhau t nht mt ngy m (24h)
vi cng mt loi my o.
2.6.Cng vi vic lp li ng chuyn c bn, nhng ch cn phi thit lp li
gii tch dng chui hay li tam gic dy c da trn cnh ca tam gic. Cho php
lp li gii tch c lp chuyn to qua ca hm, ging ng, hng ngang. Chiu di
ca li gii tch nn ly t 300 n 600m, sai s o gc trong tam gic khng c
ln hn ( 10 giy.
2.7.H thng mc a gic cn c xc nh vi chnh xc cp I v II; khi khong
cch gia cc mc khng c nh hn 2000m.
H thng mc trung gian (xen k giu cc mc ca ng sn) cn xc nh vi i
chnh xc cp III v IV. Phi xc nh t nht 3 mc trung gian cho mi ging
ng, hng ngang hay cu hm.
Sai s gii hn ca li ng chuyn cp III khng c ln hn (10mm. ; cn ng
chuyn cpIV khng c ln hn (20mm , trong L - chiu di ca ng chuyn, tnh
bng km. Trong li ng chuyn cp IV s trm o cn 16 trm/km, sai s cho php
l (15mm. ), trong n - s trm o trong ng chuyn.
Bng 1
Chiu di hm L(km)Cp li tam gicChiu di cnh tam gic (km)Sai s trung
phng o gc (S) (giy)Sai s khp kn tam gic (S) (giy)Sai s tng i o chiu
di cnh ySai s tng i ca cnh khi u phng i cho php ca li ng y dng hnh
thoiSai s tng i o chiu di cnh yu nhtSai s trung phng gc phng v cnh
yu nht (S)
Ln hn 8
T 5 n 8
T 2 n 5
T 1 n2I
II
III
IV4 n 10
2 n 7
1,5 n 5
1 n 3( 0,7
( 1
( 1,5
( 2( 3
( 4
( 6
( 81:800000
1:500000
1:400000
1:3000001:400000
1:300000
1:200000
1:1500002,5
2,5
3,0
3,01:200000
1:150000
1:120000
1:70000( 1,5
( 2
( 3
( 4
Ch thch: Chiu di L trong bng tnh t hai u hm. Khi c ging hay hang
ngang gia th chiu di xc nh cp o tnh theo cong thc.
L o = (km)
Trong : L: chiu di ton b hm (km)
l : khong cch trung bnh gia cc ca m thi cng (km).
(ging ng, hang ngang, hang xin)
Bng 2
Chiu di hm
(L) kmCp li a gicChiu di
cnh a gic (km)Sai s trung phng o
gc ngotSai s trung
phng tng i
o cnhSai s tng i cho php ca ng chuyn
nh gi
ti trm o
(S)nhgi
theo nhiu ln o v khng k hnh dng (S)Hm trn ng congHm trn ng
thngHm trn ng congHm trn ng thng
Theo phng ngang hmTheo phng dc hm
Ln hn 8
T 5 n 8
T 2 n 5
T 1 n 2I
II
III
IV
3 n 10
2 n 7
1,5 n 5
1 n3( 0,4
( 0,7
( 1
(1,5( 0,7
( 1
( 1,5
(21:300000
1:200000
1:150000
1:1000001:500000
1:100000
1:70000
1:500001:200000
1:150000
1:120000
1:70000-
1:150000
1:120000
1:700001:100000
1:70000
1:60000
1:40000
2.8. m bo chnh xc cho vic nh hng hang dn cng nh nh tuyn trn mt
bng cn lp ng chuyn dn im theo dng ng chuyn khp kn c cnh t 30 - 70m
v chiu di ton b khng ln hn 300m. Li ng chuyn dn im cn da vo nh v
cnh ca li khng ch nh tuyn.
2.9.Mc o t nh tuyn phi chnh xc, c bo v v c th nhn thy trc tip.
Cn t cc mc ny ti ging ng, ca hm, hang ngang.
2.10.Ch u t phi hon thnh vic t chc o t nh tuyn trc khi khi cng
10 ngy v phi bn giao cho n v thi cng cc mc trn hin trng cng cc ti
liu k thut sau y:
- S ghi to v cao ca cc mc, cc du v im dn ch yu ca cng trnh trn b
mt (ca hm, ca ging, hang ngang) cng nh chiu di cnh, gc nh hng ca li
khng ch nh tuyn;
- S b ch cc mc o t, quan h ca chng vi a hnh, a vt. Trng hp cn
thit phi ghi r a ch v m t s b tr ca chng;
- Bn bo co k thut v cng tc o li khng ch nh tuyn, ng chuyn c bn,
ng chuyn dn in.trn mt t. Trong phi ghi r thi gian o, thi gian hon
thnh, cc phng php o, cc dng c o v nh gi chnh xc ca kt qu o.
2.11.nh hng hang dn v chuyn cc gc phng v, cc to ca li khng ch nh
tuyn xung cc mc di mt t theo phng php sau:
a) Phng php nh hng bng tam gic lin h;
b) Qua ca hm, hang ngang, hang xin bng cch chuyn cao v cc gc
phng v trc tip;
c) Qua mt ging ng theo dy di;
d) Qua hai ging ng hoc l khoan theo dy di.
Tu iu kin c th c th kt hp cc phng php. Theo phng php "b" v "c"
cn thc hin 3ln:
- Ln th nht khi o vo su cch ca hm 50 - 60m;
- Ln th hai o su 100 - 150m;
- Ln th ba o su c 500m.
Theo phng php nh hng bng tam gic lin h cn o nhiu ln, c o c 300m
phi o li mt ln.
Sai s v o gc khi o bng tam gic lin h khng c vt qu ( 20 giy. cao
c chuyn t cc mc trn mt t, mi mc phi o 3ln, v sai lch khng c ln hn
7mm.
2.12. Mc o t ca li ng sn di mt t cn lp theo dng ng chuyn gm:
- ng chuyn c bn, mi cnh di 40 - 120m;
- ng chuyn chi tit, mi cnh di 20 - 60m;
- Li ng chuyn c bn cng nh li ng chuyn chi tit di mt t phi lp
theo dng chui tam gic (cn o tt c cc cnh v cc gc ca chng) trong mt
cnh tam gic ca ng chuyn chi tit phi nm trn ng chuyn c bn;
- Mc ca ng chuyn chi tit t theo hai bn hm;
- Khi c ng cong th mc ca ng chuyn c bn s t pha ngoi ng cong
;
- hm ng st mc ca li ng chuyn di t cn t cao hn nh ray;
- hm ng t cc mc y cn t cao hn mt ng xe chy;
- Mc ca li ng chuyn di t cn lm ng thi vi li cao di t.
2.13.Tr s sai s tuyt i qua hai ln o chiu di cnh ca li ng chuyn
di t khng c vt qu:
2mm - vi cnh di n 25mm;
3mm - vi cnh di trn 25 - 50m;
4mm - vi cnh di trn 50m - 80m.
Vi cc cnh di hn 80m sai s tng i gia hai ln o khng c vt qu 1:
20000.
2.14.Gc ca li ng chuyn di t phi o bng my kinh v. Vi li ng chuyn
chi tit cn o 2 - 3 vng, vi li ng chuyn c bn cn o 4 - 6 vng. Sai khc
v gc gia cc vng o ti mt trm my khng c ln hn 15giy i vi ng chuyn chi
tit; khng c ln hn 10 giy i vi ng chuyn c bn. Sai s o gc trongli ng
chuyn c bn khng c vt qu 8 giy; trong li ng chuyn chi tit khng c vt
qu 12 giy.
Vic o gc cn lp li sau mt thi gian nht nh kh nhng nh hng do bin
dng cc mc ca ng chuyn di t. Vic o t ng chuyn khp kn di t cn kt thc
khi o xong hm.
2.15.Mc cao ca li ng chuyn di t cn xc nh bng thu chun sai s khp
kn cho php tnh theo cng thc 1:
Trong :
n - s trm o ca ng chuyn.
Cn o cao t nht 3 ln trong thi gian thi cng. Khp kn cao cc cc mc
cui cng ca li ng chuyn di t c thc hin khi o thng hm.
2.16.Mc c nh di t cn lm bng cc thanh kim loi chn trong phn b tng
rnh nc hoc hn vo ct thp v hm, c trt va xi mng bo v. Cc cc du c chn
trong b tng rnh nc.
2.17.o t cc kch thc hnh hc ca hm trong qu trnh xy dng (o hm, lm
v hm, lm ng trong hm) cn m bo chnh xc ca cc kch thc thit k. To v
cao cc b phn ca hm c xc nh t cc mc ca li ng chuyn di t v cao tim
hm.
V tr cng trnh, cc b phn ca kt cu v chi tit trong mt bng v mt ng
phi ph hp vi tiu chun "hm ng st v hm ng t. Tiu chun thit k" (TCVN
4527: 1988) v quy phm ny.
2.18.Trc khi o t nh tuyn thi cng phi chun b y cc ti liu thit k,
ti liu kho st v nh tuyn phi m bo ph hp vi trnh t thi cng.
Ton b vic nh tuyn phi o c t nht 2 ln v bng cc phng php khc
nhau.
2.19.Trong qu trnh thi cng, sau mi ln o c 5m di phi o t kim tra
chiu di hang o, kch thc mt ct ngang hang o, kch thc v kh gii hn ca
v hm cng nh cao y hm.
2.20. lch tim ti v tr thng hm theo c hai phng khi o t hai pha ti
phi nh hn hoc bng ( 100mm.
3. Thi cng l ging
3.1.L ging trong chng trnh ny bao gm ging ng, hang ngang v hang
xin phc v qu trnh thi cng hm, thng gi hoc thot nc cho hm.
3.2.Thi cng hang ngang v hang xin cn theo cc quy nh v o v chng
hang dn trong quy phm ny.
3.3. Thi cng ging ng theo cc phng php ch yu sau y:
a) o ging c vch trn, p dng vi cng t nt n v khng c nc ngm (fkp ln
hn hoc bng 8);
b) o ging c vch gia c bng bm va xi mng hoc phun va xi mng trn li
ct thp, p dng vi nn t st cng, si, cui kt hoc c nhiu nt n, c nc ngm
vi lu lng nh hn 5m3/h; (fkp ln hn hoc bng 2).
c) o ging c v ging bng b tng ct thp lp ghp, lp h tng t trn ming
ging theo kiu ging chm, p dng vi nn t ct, ct pha v cc loi t yu khng
n nh. Trong nn t no nc hoc nhiu nc ngm vi lu lng t 5m3/h tr ln, c
th h ging trong o va st nu lc ma st quanh v thnh ging ngn cn v ging
i xung.
3.4.Khi thi cng theo cc mc "b" v "c" ca iu 3.3 cn dng my bm ht
kh nc trong ging o v phi bm ht lin tc.
Nu lng nc ngm ln qu kh nng bm ht cn c bin php c bit h mc nc ngm.
Khi bm nc trong ging o ra ngoi cn t my bm cch mt nc khng ln hn
8m.
3.5.o ging trong t c h s kin c fkp nh hn hoc bng 2 c th dng ba
hi p, cn trong nn c h s kin c fkp ln hn 2 - dng n ph.
3.6. Ly t t ging o ln c th dng gu ngom hoc ti cng vi dn thp trn
ming ging.
3.7.Thi cng v ging theo kiu ging chm trong o va st cn tun theo
cc quy nh hin hnh.
3.8.Khi thi cng theo kiu ging chm, bc o khng c vt qu chiu cao ca
mi t ging lp ghp t 10 - 15cm. Nn lp t ging tip theo v tr cao hn mc
va st.
3.9.Cn kim tra v tr ging chm theo mt bng v theo chiu thng ng mi
bc h ca ging, nhng khng qu 1m 1ln.
3.10.Vng va st xung quanh v ging c th thay bng va xi mng hoc gi
nguyn o va st vi mc ch lm lp chng thm, nhng phi c tnh ton v th hin
trong n thit k thi cng.
3.11.Khi thi cng ging theo phng php mc "b" iu 3.3 cn o v gia c
vch ging theo tng on vi chiu di c tnh ton.
Cn c kt cu chng tm khi cha gia c vch ging, khong cch gia cc
khung chng tm l 1m, c vn lt ng xung quanh. Thi cng vch ging ti u,
cn tho b kt cu chng tm ti . Ch khi n thit k khi thi cng cho php mi
c b li vn lt trong nn t.
3.12.Khi gia c vch ging bng va xi mng th thnh phn va p lc phun,
thit b phun quy nh cc iu 5.11; 5.23 v 5.24 ca quy phm ny.
3.13.Vic thng gi trong khi thi cng ging thc hin bng ng dn gi t
cc my qut t trn mt t hoc t trm cp gi.
C th dng phng php thi gi xung y ging vi tc gi trong ng dn khng
qu 6m/s hoc ht gi t y ging ln bng ng dn.
Lng gi tnh ton nhm m bo nng kh c mc cho php theo tiu chun. Hm ng
st v hm ng t - tiu chun thit k (TCVN 4527 - 88) v quy phm ny.
Khong cch t ming ng dn gi n y ging khng nh hn 2,5m v khng ln hn
4m.
3.14.Nhng l ging khng phc v cho thi cng hm c th thi cng sau khi
o xong ng hm. Khi cho php chuyn t , theo nc ngm xung ng hm a ra
ngoi qua ca hm.
4. o ng hm
4.1.Tu thuc vo chiu di hm, tc thi cng, iu kin a cht thu vn, a
hnh khu vc m tin hnh thi cng hm t mt u hoc hai u tr li cng nh t gia
ra hai u.
Nhng hm di di 300m, dc mt hng nn thi cong t mt u thp ln u cao.
Nhng hm dc hai hng tng dn vo gia hm nn thi cng t hai u vo gia. Nhng
hm di hn 1000m, nu a hnh cho php, nn m thm ging ng, hang ngang hoc
hang xin tng thm mt o.
S lng, hnh dng v v tr m cc mt o cn c th hin trong thit k thi
cng.
4.2. Bin php o c chn theo a cht nh sau:
Vi t mm, ri rc hoc b phong ho, mm yu c h s kin c fkp nh hn hoc
bng 0,6 c th o th cng, o bng xng hi p hoc ba hi p;
Vi t mm c nhiu nt n hoc phong ho mm yu c h s kin c fkp t 0,6 - 3
nn o bng ba hi p; vi c h s kin c fkp t 3- 25 cn dng my kgoan v n
ph.
4.3.c s dng phng php ton mt ct mt ln o nhng hm c chiu cao nh hn
hoc bng 10m trong cng, khng phong ho, t nt n, t nc ngm, c h s kin c
fkp ln hn hoc bng 8.
Trong ton khi ( khng b phong ho ) c h s kin c fkp bng 12 tr ln
khng cn chng tm khi o. cn trong cng nhng c nt n (b phong ho v phong
ho mnh ) nht thit phi chng khi o.
4.4.c dng phng php ton m ct dng bc thang o hm c chiu cao ln hn
10m, trong c h s lin c t 5 - 7 v cho hm c chiu cao nh hn 10m, trong
c h kin c t 3 - 5. Khi c nhiu nc ngm nn s dng phng php bc thang di
v phi c chng khi o.
4.5.i vi phn vm khidng phng php bc thng c th tin hnh theo phng
php o ton mt ct nh iu 4.3. i vi phn tng khi dng phng php bc thang
di cn tun theo nhng ch dn v o v chng hang dn nu chng ny.
4.6.Phng php vm trc p dng vi ng hm di t 300m tr xung trong mm
yu, t st cng, ct kt khi ln cng nh trong t c h s kin c t 2 n 4, chu
p lc ca nhn vm.
Phng php vm trc cn c p dng trong nn t ng nht, khi lp t di chn vm
c h s kin c bng hoc ln hn 2, khng thm nc, cn lp t phn vm c th yu hn
th yu hn.
4.7.Trong nn t khng thm nc nn dng phng php vm trc theo s mt hang
dn trn thi cng hm. Trong nn t c nc ngm nn dng s hang dn (trn v di).
Hang n trn v hang dn di cn ni vi nhau bng cc ging ng hoc hang dn
nghing.Khong cch gia chng ph thuc vo phng tin vn chuyn xc nh, nhng
gia cc ging ng khng c ln hn 12m; gia cc hang dn nghing khng ln hn
30m.
4.8.Khi thi cng vm bng phng php vm trc c m rng phn vm sang hai
bn cn phi thc hin tng on hm ring r. Chiu di mi on ph thuc vo iu kin
a cht nhng khng qu 10m.
M rng phn vm, theo chiu di hm ch tin hnh khong mt n ba on, tu
thuc vo iu kin a cht.Ch b tng vm on tip theo khi b tng vm on trc t
60% cng thit k.
4.9.o hm bng phng php vm trc c hang dn gia, trong c h s kin c
fkp ln hn hoc bng 4, c o m xung phn di khi bb tng v hm t 75% cng
thit k.
4.10.Khi o hang dn trong t yu, khng n nh hoc trong c h s kin c
fkp nh hn 4, b nt n, cn phi chng .
4.11.Phng php tng trc (nhn ) c p dng xc nh hm c chiu rng ln hn
5m trong t yu, khng c nc ngm nh t loi st pha, ct pha hoc cc loi ct
kt c h s kin c fkp nh hn 2.
4.12.Hang dn bn lm tng khi o hm bng phng php tng trc cn c o trn
ton b chiu di hm. Ch cho php xy dng on tng tip theo ln trn khi be
tng lp di t 25% cng thit k. Sau khi b tng khong trng gia tng v vch
o ca hang dn cn lp t v m cht.
4.13.Chiu di on m rng phn vm sang hai bn (khi dng phng php tng
trc) khng c qu 10m. on m rng phn vm cn b tr i sau on lm tng hm, vi
khong cch khng nh hn 2 ln chiu di on m rng vm v trong t khngh n nh
th khong nh hn 3 ln chiu di on m rng vm.
4.14.Khi xy dng hm trong nn t n nh v vi trng hp o xui theo hng
dc, cho php o hang dn vt trc h mc nc ngm mt o.
4.15.Cng tc n ph phi m bo tin o, m hp l theo chu k d kin, to hnh
dng mt o ph hp vi thit k v tn t thuc n.
4.16.Nn p dng phng php n ph theo ng vin o t . i vi hm thit k
khng c v hay to v bng b tng phun, nht thit phi dng phng php n ph
theo ng vin.
4.17.p lc kh nn cho cc cng c lm vic mt o khng nh hn 6daN/cm2.
Khi khng kh c m cao hn 80% cho php dng p lc thp hn, nhng khng nh
hn5daN/cm2.
4.18.Dng cc h thng dn khoan di ng khoan l mn. Khi o tit din nh
nn dng nhng ba khoan c gi nng h bng hi p.
4.19.Khi dng phng php n ph o ng hm, phm vi o vt so vi mt ct
ngang thit k khng c qu tr s trong bng 3.
Bng 3
Cng trnhTr s o vt
H s kin c (fkp)
T 1 - di 4T 4 - di 12T 12 - 20
Hm
Ging ng v hang dn100
75150
75200
100
4.20.Trong mm, khi o bng phng php c gii, tr s o vt so vi thit k
khng c qu 50mm.
y cc hm khng c vm ngc hoc khi o rnh nc di y hm khng cho php o vt
qu kch thc thit k.
4.21. Vic thit k n ph cng nh vic thi cng n ph phi tun theo cc
quy nh hin hnh.
4.22. Cc hnh thc t ph c p dng trong cc iu kin sau:
a) Hnh thc t ph mt chiu (hng ln trn hoc hng xung di) dng khi mt
o cao v hp, trong c h s kin c t 4 - 5, c phn lp r rng, mt lp xin gc
vi mt o;
b) Hnh thc t ph hng bn (phi hoc tri) dng khi mt o rng v thp,
trong mm, nt n v phn lp, c h s kin c t 4 - 5, mt lp xin;
c) Hnh thc t ph hnh chp tam gic dng khi din tch mt o nh hn 4m2,
trong t ng nht, khng phn lp, nt n t hoc phn lp khng r rng c h s kin
c t 6 - 10;
d) Hnh thc t ph hnh chp t gic dng khi mt o c din tch ln, trong t
ng nht, khng phn lp, nt n t, c h s kin c t 6 - 10;
e) Hnh thc t ph hnh nm dng khi mt o ln trong tng ng nht c h s
kin c ln hn hoc bng 10.
ng trc cc n khoan t ph cn b tr xin gc vi mt phn lp ca t 40O -
60O.
4.23. L mn khng c khoan trng vi khe nt ca , phi cch khe nt t nht
30cm.
4.24.Phi kim tra mn cm trc khi tin hnh bc ht t . Ch dng cc bin
php kch n x l mn cm.
4.25. Trong tng t c kh n, kh chy phi dng mn kp in v gy n bng
in.
4.26.Lng thuc n phi chim t nht 20% th tch l mn v nhiu nht cng
khng qu 80%. L mn phi c lp kn theo phng php hin hnh.
4.27.Cn gia c ca hm trc khi o vo su. Bin php gia c ca hm ph thuc
vo iu kin a cht v cn th hin trong thit k thi cng.
4.28. Chng trong khi thi cng hm phi m bo cc yu cu sau y:
a) Hnh thc, kt cu v chng phi ph hp vi phng php thi cng, tnh hnh
a cht, m bo chu p lc ca a tng, ngn nga c bin dng ca mt ct
ngang;
b) Lin kt gia cc kt cu ca v chng phi n gin, chc chn, tho lp d
dng;
c) C li gia cc v chng do tnh ton t p lc a tng v c li ca cc gi vm
phi tng ng vi chng d dng thay th khi thi cng.
Gia cc v chng phi c h s ging dc m bo n nh;
d) Chn cht v chng vi vch hang m bo n nh ca v chng v ngn nga bin
dng ca a tng.
4.29. Cc hnh thc chng c p dng trong cc iu kin sau:
a) V chng bng thp hnh, dng trong cc hm o bng phng php ton mt
ct;
b) V chng lp ghp bng tay hay b tng ct thp c dng vm hoc dng khung
hnh thang, hnh ch nht dng trong cc hang dn c tit din ln hn
10m2;
c) V chng bng g dng khung hnh thang dng trong cc hang dn c tit
din nh hn hoc bng 10m2 cc cu kin c bn ca v chng bng g (dm, ct) c ng
knh khng nh hn 18cm, cc g chng, g ging c ng knh khng nh hn 12cm, g
vn c chiu dy khng nh hn 5cm;
d) Trong t c h s kin c nh hn 4, hoc c h s kin c ln hn, nhng nt n
nhiu phi lt vn ngn cch gia v chng v vch o.
4.30.Cn tin hnh chng v lt vn trn nc hm trc khi tin hnh bc ht t .
Phi dng gy di y ri cc tng ri trn nc hm trc khi lt vn.
4.31.Bu lng neo c dng chng khi xy dng hm trong cng, nt n c h s
kin c fkp bng hoc ln hn 8 v o theo phng php ton mt ct. Khi v hm c
thit k dng b tng phu trn li ct thp nn s dng bu lng neo chng v kt hp
cc neo vi v hm sau ny.
Kt cu ca bu lng neo, s lng, khong cch v chiu di ca n c xc nh
theo h s kin c v tnh trng nt n ca t . sai lch v ti thc t ca neo so
vi thit k khng c vt qu cc tr s sau y:
Khong cch gia cc neo ( 10%.
ng knh l neo 5mm;
Gc gnhing ca l 10O.
4.32. o hang trnh xe c tin hnh cng thi gian vi xy dng hm.
Cc thit b tiu nc sau v hm c xy dng trong khi lm cc phn v hm.
4.33.Khi thi cng l thin phi m bo chiu cao gii hn ca mi dc theo
iu kin a cht, hoc c bin php n nh mi dc khng gy st l.
5. Lm v hm
5.1.Khi xy dng v hm bng b tng v b tng ct thp ton khi hay lp ghp,
ngoi nhng quy nh ca chng ny cn ph hp vi cc tiu chun kt cu b tng v b
tng ct thp ton khi. Quy phm thi cng, nghim thu (TCV 4453: 1987) v
kt cu b tng v b tng ct thp lp ghp - Quy phm thi cng nghim thu(TCVN
4452: 1987).
5.2.V hm b tng v b tng ct thp ton khi cn xy dng theo tng on.
Chiu di mi on ph thuc vo iu kin a cht, phng php o, phng php thi cng
cng nh s thay i kch thc mt o.
5.3. gio, vn khun ca v hm ton khi c th lm bng thp hay g, hoc kt
hp g v thp. gio, vn khun phi m bo kch thc, v cng , n nh v phng. vng
ln nht ca cc cu kin gio, vn khun khng c vt qu 1/400l; l - khu tnh
ton ca cu kin.
li, lm b mt vn khun tip xc vi b tng khng c ln hn 40mm khe h do
ghp vn khun khng c ln hn 10mm.
5.4.Khi thi cng v hm bng b tng th mi onv hm cn tin hnh lin tc t
lc bt u n lc kt thc.
Nu buc phi gin on thi cng th phn vm cn ngng li mt theo phng vung
gc vi trc hm, cn phn tng cn ngng li theo phng nm ngang.
5.5.Khi lm v hm theo phng php phn on, phn vm cn b tng t hai u li
v t hai chn vm ln; kho vm cn b tng dc nh vm. Phn tng cn b tng thnh
tng lp ngang.
Khi thi cng theo phng php vm trc -tng sau, ch tip gip gia chn vm
v nh tng cn cha li mt khong cao 40cm p va b tng v t ng bm va sau
ny.
5.6.Khi v hm lm theo phng php tng trc - vm sau, vic thi cng b
tng cn tin hnh theo iu 5.4.
5.7.Khi lm v hm ton khi theo phng php ton mt ct, vic thi cng b
tng cn tin hnh theo iu 5.4 v b tng t hai chn tng ln nh vm. Chiu di
mi on v hm khng qu 2m. Khi kho vm cn b tng dc nh vm mt cch lin tc
trn c chiu di hai on ca vn khun lin nhau.
5.8.Khi lm v hm bng khi xy b tng, o th hay hc cn c gio, vn khun
d cc khi xy. Cn xy t hai chn hm ln nh vm. Khi xy kho vm c a vo theo
phng dc hm. Chiu dy cc mch va xy khng qu 20mm v khng t hn 10mm.
Cng va xy ly theo "hm ng st v hm ng t. Tiu chun thit k" (TCVN
4527 : 1988).
5.9.Khi lm v hm bng phng php p va vo xp, cn c vn khun to hnh v
ngn va. Cn p va t di ln trn, va xi mng c p ri u theo mt vn khun.
Vic p va c chia lm hai giai on:
- Giai on u, cn gi p lc trong khong 3,5 - 5daN/cm2 trong thi
gian t 3 - 6 pht.
- Giai on sau cn gi p lc u vi tr s thit k cho ti khi va ngng
chy.
5.10.Thnh phn va xi mng lm v hm c thit k theo cng b tng v hm v
cp phi ca xp lm v hm. st ca va phi trong khong t 5- 11cm.
5.11.Khi lm v hm bng phun va trn li thp, cn c neo chn vo gi li
ct thp. Va c phun t di ln trn theo cc lp nm ngang, thnh tng mng di
2m cao 1,8m.
Vic phun va cn thc hin bng cc thit b phun chuyn dng.
5.12.V hm thi cng theo phng php l thin c tin hnh sau khi c gio,
vn khun. B tng c thnh tng lp nm ngang cchiu di t 5 - 10m.
5.13.B tng v va xi mng thi cng v hm c chun b ti ch hoc ngoi ca
hm. Khong cch xa nht t ni chn n ni b tng ph thuc vo iu kin vn chuyn
b tng, sao cho b tng khng b phn tng v ng kt trc khi .
5.14.V hm sau khi b tng t 10 - 12 gi phi c ti nc v gi m lin tc
trong 4 ngy m, mi ln ti nc cch nhau 6 gi.
5.15.Vic tho d vn khun v hm c tin hnh sau khi b tng v hm t cng
thit k. Nu tho d vn khun sm cng ch tin hnh khi b tng t 75% cng v c
bn thit k cho php.
Trnh t tho d vn khun phi th hin trong thit k thi cng.
5.16.Khi lm v hm lp ghp phi chun btc cc khoanh v hm theo th t
nht nh ti ca hm. V hm lp ghp sau khi ch to xong nn c lp th trn mt
t.
5.17.Vic lp ghp v hm c thc hin bng c gii theo th t t di ln trn,
k t khi c rnh nc.
Trc khi t khi u tin phi lt va xi mng v iu chnh ng v tr v
cao.
5.18.Nhng khe trng gia vom v t phi chn lp. Nhng khe trng nh hn
0,5m cn c bm va xi mng ct, nhng khe trng ln hn 0,5m c lp bng b tng
hoc chn ri bm va xi mng. Thnh phn ca va theo iu 5.23 ca chng
ny.
5.19. Trc khi bm va cn lp kn cc khe h ca v hm khi lt va.
5.20.Vic bm va sau v hm ton khi c tin hnh trn tng on di 20 -
30m, sau khi b tng t cng thit k.
Bm va sau v hm lp ghp c tin hnh nh sau:
phn di, vic bm va c tin hnh nh t cc khi n ht chiu cao tng bn ca
v hm, cn phn trn th bm va sau khi lp xong ton b v hm;
Trong nn t n nh c h s kin c fkp ln hn hoch bng 1,5 cho php bm va
n ht chiu cao ca tng bn, sau khi lp xong v hm tip tc bm va phn trn.
Hai t bm va ny khng c cch nhau qu 3 ngy.
5.21.Qu trnh bm va sau v hm cho mi on theo iu 5.20 phi tin hnh
lin tc cho n lc xong on .
Vic bm va sau v hm lp ghp c kt thc khi thy va tro ra l kim tra
trn nh hm.
Vic bm va sau v hm ton khi c kt thc khi va ngng chy vo t 10 n 15
pht vi p lc bm va khng ln hn 4at.
5.22.Vic bm va kim tra (t hai) cn tin hnh theo cc iu 5.19 v 5.21
cu chng ny: tr s p lc bm va kim tra phi c tnh ton v th nghim ti thc
a.
5.23.Thnh phn va xi mng chn lp sau v hm tnh theo t l trng lng
gia xi mng vi nc l 1/4 v xi mng vi ct l 1/1 n 1/2, vi loi xi mng
pooclng c mc t 300daN/cm2 tr ln.
Cho php trn cht ph gia tng linh ng vo va, ni c nc ngm cho php
trn ph gia ng cng nhanh. Thnh phn v t l cht ph gia theo thit k.
5.24.Phn chn lp sau v hm hay nn t, sau v hm c nhiu nt n, c kh
nng thm nc t hn 10lit/pht c th bm va xi mng gia c. T l gia nc vi
xim mng theo trng lng cn p dng t 4/1 n 0,5/1 v p lc bm tng dn t
0,5at n 4at.
Khi phn chn lp hoc nn t, sau v hm c kh nng thm nc ln hn
10lit/pht th dng va xi mng theo iu 5.23 bm.
5.25.Trc khi lm tng phng nc bn trong v hm phi lm sch, phng, nhm
v kh b mt b tng v hm.
5.26.V hm ton khi hoc lp ghp xy dng l thin cn ph lp cch nc bn
ngoi trc khi lp t. Bin php thi cng theo iu 5.25 ca chng ny.
Cho php ph lp nha ng nng cht dy t nht 20mm lm lp phng nc bn ngoi
ca v hm ton khi thi cng l thin. Nu dng bin php ny cho v hm lp ghp
cn phi trt kn cc khe ni ghp trc khi ph nh ng.
6. Vn chuyn, cp thot nc, cp in, thng gi v chiu sng trong thi
cng
6.1.Vn chuyn t v vt liu xy dng trong cng trng theo phng thc nhn,
giao trc tip khng c s chuyn ti. Cc cng tc bc, d trn mt t cn c c gii
ho.
6.2.Thit b vn chuyn trn mt t c th dng gong y tay, gong ko bng u
my in hay t. Thit b vn chuyn trong hm v hang ngang dng gong y tay
hay gong ko bng u my in. Vn chuyn bng t c s dng trong khi o hm bng
phng php ton mt ct mt ln trong vng khng c kh n, khi chy. Vn chuyn
trong ging ng hoc hang xin - dng ti.
Khi thi cng hm vng c kh n, kh chy phi dng u my ko gong chy bng
in c quy, khng c dng in tip xc.
6.3.ng gong trong thi cng hm dng ray loi 24kg/m cho gong ko bng
u my v ray loi 15kg/m cho gong y tay.
Dng kh ng 750; 900 hay 1000mm cho gong ko bng u my v dng kh ng
550 hay 600mm cho gong y tay sai s v c li hai ray ca ng gong l +6 v
-4mm. Sai s v mt bng hai ray l 20mm i vi gong y tay v 15mm i vi
gong ko bng u my.
6.4.Dng t vt g, c tit din 120.100mm cho ng gong. Vi kh ng 900 v
1000mm dng t vt di 1800mm; vi kh ng 750mm dng t vt di 1600mm; vi kh
ng 550 v 600mm dng t vt di 1200mm.
Khong cch tnh ca t vt l 750mm.
6.5.Tc di chuyn ln nht ca on gong trong hm on ang thi cng l
5km/gi i vi gong y tay v 10km/gi i vi gong c u my ko.
Khong cch nh nht gia cc on gong l 10m i vi gong y tay v 30m i vi
gong c u my ko. Phi c thit b hm m bo cho cc loi gong.
6.6.Bn knh cong nh nht ca ng gong l 6m i vi gong y tay v 15m i
vi gong ko bng u my.
dc ln nht ca ng gong l 3% v chiu ln nht ca on dc l 30m. Nu hm nm
trn ng dc di th phi b tr nhng on nm ngang xen k di t nht l 20m.
Cn tnh ton b tr ni rng c li ng v siu cao trong on ng cong.
6.7.Phi t ghi gong trnh nhau. Khong cch gia cc ghi v khong cch t
u ghi u tin n mt bn c tnh ton t nng lc vn chuyn, nng lc bc ht t v
tc thi cng hm b tr.
Ghi c b tr trn cc tm thp c th di chuyn mt cch d dng.
6.8.Ti khu vc bi thi t phi b tr ng i hay ng vng quay u. Cn c cc
thit b ly t ra khi gong nh gi gong, gi cu lt gong
6.9.Ch c tin hnh bc ht t sau khi thng khi mn 15 pht v nng cht c
xung di mc cho php theo tiu chun hm ng st v hm ng t. Tiu chun thit
k (TCVN 4527:1988).
Cn c gii ho vic bc ht t bng cc my chuyn dng.
6.10.Vn chuyn vt liu t xy dng hm phi dng cc thit b chuyn dng
sau:
- Chuyn va hay b tng bng thng cha;
- Chuyn cc b phn ca v hm lp ghp trn cc toa ring;
- Cc vt liu c kch thc di cn c toa thch hp.
Cp nc v thot nc
6.11.Thot nc khi thi cng hm trn ng dc bng rnh t chy, c dc khng
nh hn 3%. Khi thi cng hm theo hng dc xung, thot nc bng my bm c ng
ng hay rnh x nc. Khi lu lng nc ngm chy ra mt o bng hoc ln hn 5m3/h
phi dng my bm v h t nc.
6.12. S my bm ti mi trm bm t nht l hai my (mt lm vic, mt d
tr).
Khi cn tp trung bm nc trong mt thi gian ngn c th huy ng ton th s
my bm hin c, k c my d tr.
Khi thi cng lin tc ngy m, cng sut my bm cn tnh theo lng nc chy
dn sut ngy m, c tng thm 20%
6.13.Khi c mt my bm lm vic th cn c hai ng ng ht nc, khi s my bm
lm vic bng hoc nhiu hn hai th cn ba ng ng ht nc.
ng ng cn b tr sao cho c th ni vi bt k my bm no, vi mi mc
nc.Trong cc ng cn b tr van mt chiu.
6.14. Nn ca trm bm nc cn cao hn mc nc t nht 0,5m.
6.15.Dung tch h thu nc ca trm bmkhng c nh hn 2,5m3 khi lu lng nc
ngm nh hn hoc bng5m3/h.
Khi lu lng nc ngm ln hn 5m3/h cn tnh ton chn dung tch h thu
nc.
6.16.C th t cc trm bm trung gian trong hm hoc xy dng thnh trm
ring ngoi hm.
6.17.Cp nc cho cng tc khoan t bng ng ng chu p lc cao, t mt bn
hm. Nu cn phi chuyn ng ng sang mt bn khc th cc ng ng phi i ngm di t
vt cu ng vn chuyn.
6.18.Lng nc cp ch cng tc khoan v x l bi t cn c tnh ton v lu lng
ln nht, cho tt c cc my khoan cng mt lc.
Cp in v chiu sng
6.19.Khi t ng dy cung cp in cho xy dng v cc thit b dng in cn tun
theo cc quy nh thi cng v sa cha in hin hnh.
6.20. Cp in cho thi cng hm phi m bo lin tc, in p.
6.21. Vic chiu sng trong thi cng cn thc hin nh sau:
a) Khu vc ngoi tri v khu vc sinh hot theo cc tiu chun chiu sng
nhn to (TC-16-64); v cc tiu chun chiu sng nhn to cho cng trnh cng
nghip, th dc th thao, ng ph (QP-03-68)
b) Cng sut chiu sng trong hm theo cc khu vc thi cng cn bo m:
- Dc ng vn chuyn l 60W/10m;
- Khu vc o t l 2. 60W/10m;
- Khu vc xy v hm l 3. 60W/10m hoc 2. 100W/10m;
- Khu vc thi cng xong hm l 60W/20m.
6.22. in th dng chiu sng cn nh sau:
a) Khu vc ang thi cng 12 n 36V;
b) Khu vc thi cng xong hm l110-220V.
6.23.Dy dn in phi dng loi cp bc, tr dy tip xc cho u my ko gong.
Khi hm vng c kh n, kh chy, ngoi vic dng cp bc cn phi x l mi ni chc
chn v kn khng xy ra tia la.
Dy in cn t trn gi , cch nhau 2m v mc vo s cch in.
6.24.Vic trng st cho nh v cng trnh p dng theo tiu chun chng st
cho cng trnh kin trc, cng trnh cng nghip (QPXD 46:1971).
Thng gi
6.25.Thng gi ngn to cn duy tr trong sut qu trnh thi cng hm, thm
tr c trong thi k gin on thi cng. Khi thit k thng gi nhn to phi tnh
n tc dng ca thng gi t nhin.
6.26.Lu lng gi cn a vo hm phi m bo h thp t l kh c xung di mc cho
php v tc gi chuyn ng trong hm theo "Hm ng st v hm ng t. Tiu chun
thit k" (TCVN 4527: 1988).
6.27.Thi cong hm vng c kh n, kh chy phi dng phng php ht gi ra
(gi bn c ht qua ng dn, gi sch c a vo bng ng dn hoc qua ca hm).
6.28.ng knh ng gi v cng sut my thng gi c tnh theo lu lng gi sch
cn cung cp vo hm.
6.29. Khong cch t ming ng thng gi ti mt o ang thi cng khng c ln
hn 10m.
6.30.S thng gi cho cc giai on xy dng hm phi thc hin trong thit k
t chc thi cng. Trng hp c hi c xut hin trong hm m khi kho st trc y
khng pht hin c th phi thit k li s thng gi.
6.31. Khong cch t trm thng gi chnh n ging thng hi khng nh hn
15m.
Nu ting n ca cc my thng gi vt qu 70 -xi-bel cn c thit b gim ting
n.
Cn xt n vic x dng cc my mc, thit b v trm thng gi trong thi k
khai thc.
7. Lp t thit b
7.1.Cng vic lp t cc thit b trong, ngoi hm phi ph hp vi tiu chun
ny v cc tiu chun ring ca mi loi trang thit b.7.2.B tr cc thit b cho
hm ng st v hm ng t phi theo kh gii hn kin trc ca "hm ng st v hm ng
t. Tiu chun thit k " (TCVN 4527 : 1988).
7.3.Lp t cc thit bin (tn hiu, thng tin, lin lc, thit b iu khin
ng ng t ng, thng gi) phi tin hnh sau khi kt thc cng trnh, lc trong
hm kh ro.
Cc t r-le iu khin cn c chiu sng sy kh v phng r in.
Sau khi kt thc vic lp t thit b cn phi iu chnh t c chnh xc cho
php.
8. Kim tra cht lng v nghim thu
8.1.Cng tc kim tra nghim thu phi tun theo quy phm ny v ph hp vi
cc tiu chun - nghim thu cc cng trnh xy dng ( TCVN 4091 ; 1985 ) v
tiu chun nh gi cht lng cng trnh ( TCVN 28 : 1966 ).
8.2.Thnh phn ca hi ng nghim thu, nhim v v quyn hn ca hi ng theo
quy nh tiu chun " Nghim thu cc cng trnh xy dng. (TCVN 4091:
1985)".
Trng hp t chc nghim thu tng phn cc hng mc cng trnh n gin, khi
lng t, th trong hi ng nghim thu khng cn c i din ca c quan thit
k.
8.3.Cc bn c lin quan phi cung cp cho hi ng nghim thu cc h s ti
liu quy nh trong tiu chun "Nghim thu cc cng trnh xy dng (TCVN
4091:1985"). Ngoi ra bn thi cng cn phi cung cp y h s nghim thu tng
phn cc hng mc cng trnh theo ph lc t 1- 7 ca quy phm ny.
8.4.Kt qu kim tra cht lng trong khi thi cng ca cn b gim st cn c
ghi vo nht k cng tc (ph lc 8- 12).
nh gi cht lng thc hin cng vic khi nghim thu tng phn cn c phn nh
r rng trong bin bn nghim thu (ph lc 1- 7).
8.5.Khi nghim thu v hm b tng v b tng ct thp ton khi phi c cc bin
bn nghim thu trung gian, khi bn B (n v thi cng) cn xut trnh cho bn
A (ch u t) cc ti liu sau:
a) Cc bin bn kim nghim cht lng vt liu s dng;
b) Nht k thi cng b tng hoc b tng ct thp;
c) Nht k phun va sau v hm;
d) Bin bn kim tra, nghim thu cc cng trnh vic n khut;
e) Bin bn phn tch thnh phn ho hc ca nc ngm;
f) Bin bn kt qu th nghim mu b tng.
8.6. Nghim thu v hm lp ghp cn c nhng vn bn sau y:
a) Bn v thc hin lp t cc khoanh v hm;
b) Kch thc bn trong ca cc khoanh v hm t;
c) S lng v v tr cc khoanh v hm theo mt bng v mt ng;
d) Chiu rng khe h gia cc khoanh v hm v s bu lng lin kt hin
c;
e) Vic thc hin lp bo v v phng nc;
f) Phun va sau v hm;
g) Nhng ch thng, nt, chy nc; chnh gia cc khoanh hay cc mnh ca
khoanh v hm.
8.7.Sai s ca v hm ton khi bng b tng hoc b tng ct thp khng c vt
qu tr s sau y (tnh bng mm):
a) Chnh lch cc b b mt b trong l (50
b) Lch tm ca trc ng mt ct hm so vi tim hm l ( 10;
Ch thch: Sai s mc "b" khng c vt qu tr s m rng mt ct hm theo iu
3.3 ca tiu chun "Hm ng st v hm ng t- Tiu chun thit k (TCVN 4527:
1988)"
c) Chiu dy v hm:
- Phn vm l ( 10;
- Phn tng l + 50 v - 25
8.8.Kim tra v hm lp ghp cn o mt bng v mt ng theo ng knh ca mi
khoang, cng nh theo hai ng knh lm thnh gc 450 so vi phng nm
ngang.
Sai s khng c vt qu cc tr s sau y (tnh bng mm):
a) chnh ca cc khi xy hay cc mnh lp nghp l ( 50;
b) lch tm ca khoanh v hm so vi trc hm l ( 50;
c) lch ca mt ct ngang khoanh v hm so vi trc hm l ( 25.
d) lch ca mt trong tng tai chiu cao H ( tnh bng mm) l 0,002H;
nhng khng ln hn ( 25.
8.9.Tr s tng cng cc lch bn ca v hm i vi v tr thit k khng c vi
phm kh gii hn.
8.10. Cc cng vic sau y c coi l n khut v cn phi kim tra, nghim
thu trung gian:
a. Phun va sau v hm (thi k s b v thi k kim tra);
b. Lp t ct thp ca v hm ton khi hay v hm lp ghp;
c. Lm lp phng nc sau v hm;
d. Gia c nn t sau v hm bng xi mng;
e. Vic chn lp cc l ph thi cng v khe h sau v hm.
Ch thch: Khi kim tra tng phn c cn b gim st k thut (bn A) v lp
bin bn theo cc ph lc t 1-7.
8.11.Cc thit b, my mc trc v sau khi lp t phi kim tra danh mc
trang thit b phi ghi vo nht k cng tc v c bn A k nhn.
8.12.Khi nghim thu h thng thng gi thot nc phi tun theo tiu chun
thot nc bn trong. Tiu chun thit k (TCVN 4474: 1987); h thng cp thot
nc bn trong. Quy phm thi cng nghim thu (TCVN 4519: 1988) v cc chng
ca quy phm ny.
8.13.Cc thng cha ca h thng thng gi bng phng php p khng kh phi c
th nghim vi p lc ln gp hai ln p lc lm vic. Thi gian th nghiml mt gi
v p lc gim cho php khng qu 10%.
8.14.H thng cp nc thi cng, sinh hot v cu ho cng nh h thng thot
nc thi bng ng thp cn th nghim vi p lc 1,25 Plv, nhng khng nh hn Pvl
+ 5daN/cm2 (Plv - p lc lm vic).
Thi gian th nghim khng t hn 10 pht. Trong sut thi gian p lc khng
gim qu 0,5 daN/cm2.
8.15.Cc trm thng gi v bm nc ch nghim thu sau khi hiu chnh v cho
chy th lin tc 24 g.
8.16.Cc thit b i nh thng tin, lin lc chiu sng, iu khin ng ng t
ng v cc thit b in khc ch c nghim thu sau khi hot ng chnh xc lin tc
48 gi (c tu xe qua li theo biu hot ng ln nht).
8.17.Kin trc tng trn ca ng st trong hm v kt cu mt ng t c nghim
thu theo cc quy phm thi cng, nghim thu hin hnh.
Kim nghim kin trc tng trn ca ng st bng on tu th v kim nghim kt
cu mt ng t bng on xe th, c cht ti trng v b tr theo thit k.
8.18.Kim tra kh gii hn ca hm bng gi mu (gabarie) c kch thc bng
kh gii hn tiu chun trong tiu chun "Hm ng st v hm ng t- tiu chun
thit k" (TCVN 4527: 1988).
8.19.Cho php s dng hm ng st v hm ng t cn trong giai on xy dng
chuyn ch phc v thi cng on ng tip theo, vi iu kin phi ph hp vi ti
trng thit k, bo m an ton cho hm v cho cc phng tin chuyn ch, ng thi
khng nh hng n tin thi cng hm.
Ph lc 1
Bin bn kim tra nghim thu vic o hm
Tn cng trnh hmkm;..thuc tuyn ng.
Ngy.thng..nm
Thnh phn hi ng.
i din n v thi cng.
- Qun c
- Ngi o c..
i din gim st k thut bn A
( H v tn chc v)
Ngi dn i kim tra:
(H tn t trng, i trng thi cng)
Lp bin bn v cc vic di y:
1. Ni dung kim tra nghim thu:
- Khi lng o, chiu di o c
- Kch thc mt ct hang o
- S lng v tnh trng cc v chng .
2. Tn bn v thit k, n v thit k, s hiu bn v.
3. Trong thi cnh dng cc thit b v phng php :
- Phng php o;
- Thit b o (tn thit b):
- Thit b bc ht t :
- Bin php chng :
4. Ngy bt u
5. Ngy kt thc
Kt lun ca hi ng:
Cc vic c thc hin ph hp ( hoc cha ph hp vi thit k, vi cc tiu
chun, quy xy dng v p ng (hoc cha p ng) nhng yu cu nghim thu.
Cc vic nghim thu mc 1 trong bin bn ny c nh gi cht lng loi
Kt qu kim tra cho php (hoc khng cho php) tin hnh cc hng mc thi
cng tip theo
( tn hng mc cng vic)
i din n v thi cng
i din gim st k thut bn A
(K tn)
(K tn)
Ph lc 2
Bin bn kim tra nghim thu vic t ct thp v vn khun
Tn cng trnh hm..; Km..thuc tuyn ng
Ngy..thng..nm..
Thnh phn hi ng:
i din n v thi cng
- Qun c.
- Ngi o c..
i din gim st k thut bn A
( H v tn chc v)
Ngi dn i kim tra.
(T, i thi cng)
Lp bin bn v cc vic di y:
1, Ni dung kim tra, nghim thu
- t ct thp (tn b phn kt cu)
- S lng v chng li ct thp
- V tr ct thp.
- gio, vn khun (tn b phn kt cu)
- Cht lng vn khun ( n nh, phng, kht kch thc vn khun.v.v).
2. Tn bn v thit k, n v thit k, s hiu bn v.
3. Khi thc hin cc vic trn p dng:
- Bin bn gim nh ct thp (s ngy)
- Phng php c nh ct thp (hn, buc)
- Thit b s dng (tn my)
4. Ngy bt u:
5.Ngy kt thc:
Kt lun ca hi ng
Cc cng vic thc hin theo ng thit k, ph hp (hoc cha ph hp) vi cc
tiu chun, ca quy phm xy dng v p ng (hoc cha p ng) ca nhng yu cu ca
nghim thu.
Cc vic nghim thu mc 1 trong bin bn ny c nh gi loi
Kt qu kim tra cho php (hoc khng cho php) tin hnh cc hng mc thi
cng tip theo (tn hng mc thi cng).
i din n v thi cng
i din gim st k thut bn A
(k tn)
(K tn)
Ph lc 3
Bin bn kim tra nghim thu vic lm v hm
Tn cng trnhkm.thuc tuyn ng.
Ngythngnm
Thnh phn hi ng
i din n v thi cng:
- Qun c.
- Ngi o c.
i din gim st k thut bn A
(H v tn, chc v)
Ngi dn i kim tra
(T, i thi cng)
Lp bin bn v cc vic di y:
1. Ni dung kim tra nghim thu
- Lm v hm ( on no)
- Loi v hm (b tng, b tng ct thp, ton khi, lp ghp)
- Khi lng thi cng
- Cht lng v hm
2. Tn bn v thit k, n v thit k, s hiu bn v
3. Khi thc hin cc vic trn p dng:
- Phng php thi cng v hm
- Thnh phn b tng, mc b tng.
- Cc bin bn nghim thu vt liu hay cu kin c sn (s hiu bin bn, ngy
thng nm)
- Thit b thi cng (my trn, my dm, my cu lp)
4. Thi gian bt u.
5. Thi gian kt thc..
Kt lun ca hi ng
Cc vic c thc hin ph hp vi thit k, vi cc tiu chun, quy phm xy dng
v p ng c cc yu cu ca nghim thu (hoc cha).
Cc vic nghim thu mc 1 trong bin bn ny c nh gi cht lng loi
Kt qu kim tra cho php (hoc khng cho php) tin hnh cc hng mc thi
cng tip theo..
(tn hng mc thi cng)
i din n v thi cng
i din gim st k thut Bn A
(K tn)
(K tn)
Ph lc 4
Bin bn kim tra nghim thu vic lm lp nc chng thm nc
Tn cng trnh hm.Km..thuc tuyn ng..
Ngy..thng..nm..
Thnh phn hi ng:
i din n v thi cng:
- Qun c
- Ngi o c
i din cc b gim st k thut bn A
(H v tn, chc v)
Ngi dn i kim tra:
(T, i trc tip thi cng)
Lp bin bn v cc vic di y:
1. Ni dung kim tra nghim thu
- Lm lp phng nc ti
Lm lp chng thm ncS th t ccChiu di tng on (m)Chiu cao (m)Chiu rng
(m)Din tch m2Ch thch
Bn phi
Bn tri
Nc
Tng
- S lp
- n v thi cng (tn n v)..
- Di s gim st ca ch huy cng trng: (h v tn)..
2. Tn bn v thit k, n v thit k, s hiu bn v..
3. Vt liu dng
- Tn vt liu
- Mc..
- Nhit o c ni thi cng
Cao nht..
Thp nht
4. Ngy bt u:
5. Ngy kt thc:
Kt lun ca hi ng
Cc cng vic thc hin theo ng thit k, ph hp (hoc cha ph hp) vi cc
tiu chun, quy phm xy dng v p ng (hoc khng p ng) c nhng yu cu ca
nghim thu
Cc vic nghim thu mc 1 trong bin bn ny c nh gi loi.
Kt qu kim tra cho php ( hoc khng cho php) tin hnh cc hng mc thi
cng tip theo
(tn hng mc thi cng)
i din n v thi cng
i din gim st k thut bn A
(k tn)
(k tn)
Ph llc 5
Bin bn kim tra vic chn lp sau v hm
Tn cng trnh hm. Kmthuc tuyn ng
Ngy..thngnm.
Thnh phn hi ng
i din n v thi cng:
- Qun c:
- Ngi o c:..
i din gim st k thut bn A
(H tn, chc v)
Ngi a i kim tra: (t, i trc tip thi cng)
Lp bin bn v cc vic di y:
1.V thc t thi cng chn lp sau v hm:
- Chn lp ch trng ( u).
- Phng php chn lp.
- Khi lng chn lp
- Tnh hnh chng .
- Thit b phun va (tn my) vi p lc:
2.Tn bn v thit k, n v thit k, s liu bn v
3.Cc cng vic trn thc hin bng :
- Vt liu chn, lp:..
- Vt liu v thnh phn va phun
- Thnh phn va gia cng t
4. Ngy bt u:
5. Ngy kt thc:
Kt lun ca hi ng
Cc cng vic thc hin theo ng thit k, ph hp( hoc khng ph hp) vi cc
tiu chun, quy phm xy dng v p ng ( hoc khng p ng) c nhng yu cu ca
nghim thu .
Cc vic nghim thu mc mt trong bin bn ny c, nh gi loi
Kt qu kim tra cho php (hoc khng cho php) tin hnh cc hng mc thi
cng tip theo(tn hng mc thi cng)
i din n v thi cng i din gim st k thut bn A
(K tn) (K tn)
Ph lc 6
Bin bn kim tra nghim thu vic p va sau v hm
Tn cng trnh hm .Km..thuc tuyn ng..
Ngythng.nm
Thnh phn hi ng:
i din n v thi cng
- Qun c
- Ngi o c :
i din gim st k thut bn A
(h tn, chc v )
n v a i kim tra
(t, i trc tip thi cng)
Lp bin bn v cc vic sau y:
1.Ni dung kim tra nghim thu
- Sau v hm lp ghp t vng s n vng s ; tng s.vng; trn chiu
di.m;
- Sau v hm b tng ton khi t mc s n mc strn chiu di m.
- Vic p va tin hnh trn iu kin bmkt thc khi p lc daN/cm2.
Do i (h tn, t, i)..
c s gim st ca ch nhim cng trnh (h tn).
2.Tn bn v thit k, dn v thit k, s hiu bn v
3.Vt liu s dng: tn vt liu r mc, cht lng
4.Ngy bt u:
5.Ngy kt thc
Kt lun ca hi ng
Cc cng vic thc hin theo ng thit k, ph hp (hoc cha ph hp) vi cc
tiu chun, quy phm xy dng v p ng c (hoc cha p ng c) nhng yu cu ca
nghim thu. Cc vic nghim thu mc 1 trong bin bn ny c nh gi loi .
Kt qu nghim thu cho php (hoc khng cho php) tin hnh cc hng mc thi
cng tip theo (tn hng mc thi cng)
i din n v thi cng i din gim st k thut bn A
(K tn) (K tn)
Ph lc 7
Bin bnkim tra nghim thu vic lp t thit b trong hm
Tn cng trnh hm. Km. thuc tuyn ng
Ngy . thng .. nm..
Thnh phn hi ng:
i din n v thi cng:
- Qun c
- Ngi o c:..
i din gim st k thut bn A
(K tn, chc v)
n v a i kim tra(t, i lp t thit b)
Lp bin bn v cc vic sau y:
1.Ni dung kim tra nghim thu
- Tn thit b ..
- V tr lp t.
- S lng thit b trc khi lp t .
- Linh kin chi tit km theo
- Tnh trng thit b sau khi lp t.
2. Tn bn v thit k, n v thit k, s liu bn v
3.Cng vic c thc hin theo:
- Bin bn kim nghim thit b (ngy. n v kim nghim)
- cho vn hnh th:.
4.Ngy bt u.
5.Ngy kt thc..
Kt lun ca hi ng
Cc cng vic thc hin theo ng thit k, ph hp (hoc cha ph hp) vi cc
tiu chun quy phm xy dng v p ng (hoc cha p ng) c nhng yu cu ca nghim
thu.
Cc vic nghim thu mc 1 trong bin bn nay c nh gi loi
Kt qu nghim thu cho php (hoc khng cho php) tin hnh cc hng mc thi
cng tip theo(tn hng mc thi cng)
i din n v thi cng i din gim st k thut bn A
(K tn) (K tn)
Ph lc 8
Nht k o hm
Tn cng trnh hm..Km.thuc tuyn ng..
Ngy thngTn t i thi cngS lng cng nhn thi cngLoi cng vicKhi lng
cng vic thc hinNhn xt v cht lng cng vicCh kCh thch
Bn giaoBn nhn
Ch thch: Nht k c t trng ghi chp y v do qun c bo qun: khi lng cng
vic thc hin c lit k theo tng cng vic. Trong nht k cn nu hin trng mt
o, chng , thot nc thng gi. Cn ch lc ngng my, nhng trng hp nguy
him,nhng tai nn xy ra do khng tun theo ch dn hoc c ch dn. Ghi nhn
xt nh gi cht lng cc vic thc hin.
Ph lc 9
Nht k thi cng b tng v ct thp
Tn cng trnh hm.Km..thuc tuyn ng
Ngy thngT i thi cngS hiu bn v v mc b tng theo thit kS hiu khi b
tng v thnh phn stPhng php mNhit khng kh khi thi cngS
lng b tng sau mi ca lm vic (m3)Kt qu th nghim muCh k n v thc
hinCh
k t trng v qun c
Bt u
v kt thc
b tngTho vn
khun7 ngy28 ngy
Ch thch:Nht k ny do t trng ghi v qun c gi
Ph lc 10
Nht k lm tng phng nc
Tn cng trnh hm.Kmthuc tuyn ng..
Ngy thngTn b phn cng trnh v ch dn lp phng ncS hiu bn thuyt minhS
lp vt liuS hiu bi tumNhit bi tum khi dnS lng lp phng nc
lm sau
mi caT i thi cngCh k ca t trng v qun c
Ch thch:Nht k ny do trng ca ghi v qun c gi
Ph lc 11
Nht k p sau v hm
Tn cng trnh hm.Km. thuc tuyn ng
Ngy thngV trLoi v mc xi mngThnh phn vaS lngLoi
thit b
p lc (daN/cm2)T i thc hinQun c v t trng k
S hiu vng hay ccS hiu khi lp ghpVa (m3)Xi mng (tn)
Ch thch: Nht k do t trng, qun c gi
Bo qun theo th t cc vng (hoc khi) t u n cui.
Ph lc 12
Nht k hon thnh cng trnh
Ngy thngTn cng trngXit bu lng lin ktLp trt cc khe niS lng vng
hay khi c khuyt ttT i thc hinCh
k t trng v qun cCh thch
S hiu vng hay ccS hiu khi lp ghpS hiu khi lp ghpS hiu vng hay
ccVic lm sch cc kheVt liu trtChiu di khe trt
Ch thch: Nht k o t trng ghi v do qun c gi.
EMBED Equation.3
EMBED Equation.3
_1423467713.unknown
_1423467714.unknown
_1423467710.unknown
_1423467712.unknown
_1423467705.unknown
_1423467708.unknown