TAVUA COLLEGE YEAR 9 BASIC SCIENCE WORKSHEET 1- …

TAVUA COLLEGE

YEAR 9 BASIC SCIENCE WORKSHEET 1- SOLUTION

INSTRUCTIONS- attempt questions at the back of exercise book / on a page and attach to

book later

DAY 1 (31/05)

1. State 2 general safety rules of the science laboratory (any 2)

- Do not enter the science room unless you are with your teacher. Always

wear a lab coat and proper footwear (closed shoes flat shoes) in the

laboratory.

- No running or pushing. The floor is slippery and hard.

- Keep your notebook neat and tidy, and away from where you are doing your

experiment.

- Never eat food or lollies or chew gum in the laboratory, or drink from laboratory

glassware.

- Do not taste or inhale any chemicals or lick anything in the laboratory.

- Always wash your hands after working in the laboratory, and especially

before eating food.

- Pour waste liquids into sinks or waste bottles. Place waste solids into rubbish bins.

Broken glass should be placed in special bins.

- Clean all equipment after use and put it back where you got it from. Clean your work bench after doing experiments.

2. State 2 rules when mixing chemicals

- When heating or mixing substances, never look inside the flask or beaker

.Do not point the open end of test tubes or beakers towards you or others.

Wear safety goggles while heating.

- Follow the correct method for lighting a Bunsen burner.

- After heating equipment, let it cool down before picking it up. This will avoid

burns.

- If you have long hair, keep it tied back and away from flames and chemicals.

- Do not place flammable substances near naked flames.

3. What is the first thing you should do if accidents occur

- Inform the teacher (if spilled chemical then wash affected area with running tap water

first)

4. Draw the safety symbol that you would see on a methylated spirit bottle.

5. The part of leaf which allows gas exchange is

- Stomata

6. The plants can prevent dehydration through their

- Leaf- shiny waxy layer

7. In which part of the plant does sexual reproduction takes place?

- Flower

DAY 2 (1/06)

8. What are the 2 types of microscopes used in a science lab

- Simple

- Compound

9. Differentiate the 2 microscopes

- Simple microscope has only one lens and compound microscope has 2

10. 2 important rules for caring for a microscope (any 2)

- Carry the microscope with two hands: one hand under it (base) and one hand holding

it using the arm.

- Store the microscope in its box or under a dustproof cover.

- Do not try to clean the microscope. Wiping the lenses need only special tissue paper.

- Check that the microscope is working and has all its pieces attached.

11. Write down the steps for lighting a Bunsen burner

- Push the rubber tube on to the gas outlet.

- Close the air hole. You do this by turning the collar.

- Light the match and hold it over the top of the barrel (refer to diagram above).

- Turn on the gas. Always turn on the gas last. (Note: When the air hole is

closed, no air gets in and the colour of the flame is bright yellow. This flame

is called the safety flame. It is not very hot and not good for heating).

- Open the air hole, so that air mixes with gas to produce a hotter, pale blue flame. This

flame is used for heating.

- When the Bunsen burner is not being used for heating, the yellow safety should be

used.

12. Part of the plant responsible for the absorption of sunlight for photosynthesis is

- Leaf

13. Two main products of photosynthesis are

- Oxygen

- Glucose

14. Female parts of the flower is collectively known as

- pistil

DAY 3 (2/06)

15. Give 2 important rules to be followed when heating in a test tube

- Never have the test -tube more than one third full.

- Always use a test- tube holder.

- Point the test-tube away from yourself and others.

- Heat the side of the test-tube, not the bottom.

- Move the test-tube in the flame as you heat it.

16. How are you supposed to hold a thermometer

- Hold it in the middle-never by the bulb as you do not want to measure the temperature

of your hand

17. How should you store thermometer

- In its case

18. Draw the equipment’s used in the science laboratory and state its function: beaker conical

flask, test tube, test tube holder, test tube rack

19. Roots of the plant growing towards water shows positive

- Hydrotropism

20. Secchi disk is a tool used to detect water

- Turbidity

21. Calculate:

- mass of salt = 20 =0.2g/ml

100ml seawater 100

DAY 4 (3/06)

22. Write a report on dissolving salt

Title – Dissolving Salt

DAY 5 (4/06)

23. Write down the symbols of kilo, deca, mili, and micro

- kilo- k

- deca- da

- micro- µ

24. Define volume and mass and how it can be measured

- Volume – how much space something takes up, measured using beakers and

measuring cylinders

- Mass – amount of matter in an object, measured using balance and scales

25. What is the difference between observation and inference

- Observation –something you notice using your senses

- Inference – explanation of what you observed

26. State the importance of a control

- Helps to compare results

27. Label

A – shiny waxy

layer

B- upper

protecting layer

C – palisade

layer

D- stomata

28. DAY 6 (07/06)

TITLE: comparing plastic cups

temp

TIME

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

0 10 20 30 40 50

liti's

leilani's

2. leilanis

3. 47ºC

4. 60mins

DAY 7 (08/06)

29. What are corals

- Corals are colonial animals made of interconnected polyps

30. Why are corals easily damaged when touched

- New individuals grow on top of old structure and very less living tissues are found on

top therefore ot gets easily damaged when touched/ disturbed

31. What are the 4 types of coral reef

- Fringing

- Barrier

- Lagoon

- Platform

32. What is the importance of coral reef

- habitat

- source of employment

- source of income

33. Answer questions based on the Food chain

- Sea weed small fish shark

- Sea weed

- Makes food

DAY 8 (09/06)

34. State the difference between hard and soft coral

Hard coral Soft coral

- Have calcium carbonate - Lack calcium carbonate

- Reef building - Does not build reef

35. Explain biotic and abiotic features with two examples of each

- Biotic – living factors eg. Competition, parasitism( symbiotic relationship)

- Abiotic – non living factors eg. Salinity, flood( environmental conditions)

36. How can one measure temperature, humidity, turbidity and salinity

- Temperature – thermometer

- Humidity – cobalt chloride paper

- Turbidity – secchi disc

- Salinity - mass of salt

100ml seawater

DAY 9 (10/06)

37. Write an essay based on the types of interactions

DAY 10 (11/06)

38. Define food chain, producer, herbivore, carnivore, omnivore, decomposer

- Food chain- food/ feeding relationship amongorganism

- Producer – organisms that make their own food

- Herbivore – organisms that feeds on plants

- Carnivore –organisms that feeds on other animals

- Omnivore – organisms that feed on both plants and animals

- Decomposers- breaks down dead matter

39. State how much of energy is passed on and why

- 10% energy is passed on- 90% is used up by the organism for MRS GREN

40. Use the illustration of starch test given below to answer the questions that follow.

(i) Name the chemical substance used to test for the presence of starch.

- Iodine

(ii) What does a negative test indicate?

- Starch is not present

(iii) State the need for boiling the leaf in methylated spirit.

- To remove the green color

(iv) Write the colour observed when starch is present

- Bluish black

DAY 11 (14/06)

41. Explain the phrase MRS GREN

- M – movement

- R – respiration

- S – sensitivity

- G – growth

- R – reproduction

- N - nutrition

42. What is an environment

- Everything around us

43. What are the 2 types of ecosystems

- Terrestrial and aquatic

44. Mangroves play a very important part in our survival.

(i) Describe two ways mangroves are threatened by human activities.

- Land reclamation

- Deforestation

(ii) Describe two ways in which you can contribute to the conservation of our mangroves.

- Fine public

- Have sign boards/educate/ create awareness

45. Describe the role of decomposers in a forest ecosystem.

- Break down dead matter

46. State one importance of transpiration to the plant.

-cools plant

- Helps to draw more water and minerals upwards

- Allows for photosynthesis to occur

47. State the role of guard cells in transpiration.

- Opens and closes the stomata

DAY 12 (15/06)

48. Plant reproduction

- X- ovary

- Function- Contains egg

- Develops into fruit

49. Match the sentences

- Most leaves are broad and flat because this helps the plant to collect more light

- The outer surface is waxy , because this cuts down water loss in dry conditions

- There are many stomata because they help CO2 get into the leaf

- The inner cells have chloroplast because these are where sugars are actually made

- There are veins going to the leaves because they carry water to the leaves

- There are also sieve tubes in the veins because they carry sugar away to the rest of the

plant

DAY 13 (16/06)

50. Matching – match list A with list B

1. B

2. E

3. A

4. F

DAY 14 (17/06)

51. The part of plant which provides anchorage is

A. Leaf

B. Stem

C. Root

D. Flower

52. The process of photosynthesis takes place mainly in

A. Leaf

B. Stem

C. Root

D. Flower

53. The part of the stem which carries food and water to all parts of the plant is

A. Phloem

B. Xylem

C. Epidermis

D. Vascular bundle

DAY 15 (18/06)

54. Essay – Corals

(i) Define corals

(ii) Two types of corals and state two differences of each

(iii) State three importance of corals to humans

(iv) How do humans impose threat to corals and how can it be reduced.