Slide 1
IIT BombayIIT DelhiIIT GuwahatiIIT KanpurIIT KharagpurIIT Madras
IIT Roorkee
Preparation of Ganga River Basin Environment Management Plan
September 26-29, 2011
by
SWaRAIT BHUBESUJNUDUPUISI KolkataWWF-IndiaNEERICFRI 14th
International SymposiumBrisbane, Australia
September 26-29, 2011Brisbane, AustraliaPreparation of GANGA
RIVER BASIN ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLANDr Vinod TareINDIA
Ganga River Basin: 907,000 sq km; Nepal, India and Bangladesh
Covering 11 States in IndiaGanga River Basin and the River
GangaBhagirathi originates from the ice caves at Gaumukh (N 3055, E
797) at an elevation of 4100 m. Alaknanda, originates U/S of
Badrinath (N 3044, E 7941) at an altitude of 3123 m.These two meet
at Devprayag.
September 26-29, 2011Brisbane, AustraliaPreparation of GANGA
RIVER BASIN ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLANDr Vinod TareINDIA
Upper Ganga Segment (UGS)
294 km UP to Rishikesh in Hilly Terrain
September 26-29, 2011Brisbane, AustraliaPreparation of GANGA
RIVER BASIN ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLANDr Vinod TareINDIA
Upper Ganga Segment (UGS)Flows on steep and narrow bed, mostly
rocks and boulders.Carries cold water, is subjected to much less
anthropogenic pollution.Has highly sensitive and fragile ecosystem
and biodiversity, andMost importantly considered to have potential
for harnessing hydropower.
September 26-29, 2011Brisbane, AustraliaPreparation of GANGA
RIVER BASIN ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLANDr Vinod TareINDIA
Hydroelectric Projects in Bhagirathi River Basin
September 26-29, 2011Brisbane, AustraliaPreparation of GANGA
RIVER BASIN ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLANDr Vinod TareINDIA
Hydroelectric Projects in Alaknanda River Basin
September 26-29, 2011Brisbane, AustraliaPreparation of GANGA
RIVER BASIN ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLANDr Vinod TareINDIA
Middle and Lower Ganga Segment (UGS)Middle Ganga 1071 km
Rishikesh to VaranasiLower Ganga 1145 km Varanasi to Ganga
Sagar
September 26-29, 2011Brisbane, AustraliaPreparation of GANGA
RIVER BASIN ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLANDr Vinod TareINDIA
Middle Ganga Segment (MGS)Enters and flows in plains, meandering
mostly on bed of fine sand.Has wide river bed and flood plain, and
Most importantly modified through human interventions in terms of
huge quantities of water diversion/abstraction and subjected to
high degree of pollutant loads from domestic, industrial and
agricultural activities.
September 26-29, 2011Brisbane, AustraliaPreparation of GANGA
RIVER BASIN ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLANDr Vinod TareINDIA
Lower Ganga Segment (LGS)River has experienced considerable
changes in the sediment transport and deposition.Causes wide spread
flooding.Undergoes frequent changes in her channel path, and Most
importantly is subjected to international disputes on flows and
interventions made and/or are being carried out/planned.
September 26-29, 2011Brisbane, AustraliaPreparation of GANGA
RIVER BASIN ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLANDr Vinod TareINDIA
MoA between IITs (MHRD) & MoEF forPreparing Ganga River
Basin Environment Management Plan(GRB EMP)
September 26-29, 2011Brisbane, AustraliaPreparation of GANGA
RIVER BASIN ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLANDr Vinod TareINDIA
Our MandatePrepare GRB-EMP which will restore Wholesomeness of
the River Ganga
September 26-29, 2011Brisbane, AustraliaPreparation of GANGA
RIVER BASIN ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLANDr Vinod TareINDIA
BeliefThe qualities of the Ganga water are:
Coolness, sweetness, transparency, high tonic property,
wholesomeness, potability, ability to remove evils, ability to
resuscitate from swoon caused by dehydration, digestive property
and ability to retain wisdom
September 26-29, 2011Brisbane, AustraliaPreparation of GANGA
RIVER BASIN ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLANDr Vinod TareINDIA
ChallengeGrowing population, urbanization, industrialization and
agriculture
Continuously flow ( )Un-polluted Flow ( )
Protecting the river systemLongitudinal, lateral and vertical
connectivityAdequate space for various river functionsEcological
entityAdequate provision of soil, water and energy
September 26-29, 2011Brisbane, AustraliaPreparation of GANGA
RIVER BASIN ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLANDr Vinod TareINDIA
EE13
Can not afford to Experiment with River Like Ganga!Precautionary
Principles must apply wherever knowledge gaps and uncertainties
exist
Apply modern science and new technologies but with traditional
wisdomGyan Dhara + Jana Gyan
Supportive Capacity and Assimilative Capacity
Our Philosophy
September 26-29, 2011Brisbane, AustraliaPreparation of GANGA
RIVER BASIN ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLANDr Vinod TareINDIA
Working: Parts to WholeOur StrategyThought Process: Whole to
Parts
September 26-29, 2011Brisbane, AustraliaPreparation of GANGA
RIVER BASIN ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLANDr Vinod TareINDIA
GangotriGanga Sagar
River with unique Ecosystem and Biodiversity
Socio-Cultural Heritage
Water Resource Management
Environmental Quality and Pollution
Geomorphological Changes: Erosion, Sediment Transport/Deposition
And Floods
FGM
ENB
SEC
EQP
WRM
PLG
COM
GDMOur ApproachNATIONAL RIVER
GangotriGanga Sagar
FGM
ENB
SEC
EQP
WRM
PLG
COM
GDMOur ApproachNATIONAL RIVER
GangotriGanga Sagar
River with unique Ecosystem and Biodiversity
Socio-Cultural Heritage
Water Resource Management
Environmental Quality and Pollution
Geomorphological Changes: Erosion, Sediment Transport/Deposition
And Floods
Our ApproachNATIONAL RIVER
GRB EMP*Main DocumentVISIONGoals &
ObjectivesWRMFGMENBSECPLGGDMCOMPICEFL
Literature(SOA)Methodology(MTH)Data(DAT)Analysis(ANL)Suggestions
& Recommendations(S&R)MISSIONSWork PackagesAreasEQP
GRB EMP :NirmalDharaAviralDharaEcological RestorationRiver
CourseDevelopmentWater Resource DevelopmentFlood
preventionSustainable AgricultureNavigation &
RecreationFinancialLayoutStrategy Implementation ScheduleMonitoring
MechanismsConcept Map
Nirmal Dhara OR Un-polluted FlowWastesPointNon
PointSolid(non-point)LiquidDomesticAgriculture(non-point)IndustrialCitiesVillagesSmall
DrainsOpen DefecationOldNewSewage CollectionTreatment
September 26-29, 2011Brisbane, AustraliaPreparation of GANGA
RIVER BASIN ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLANDr Vinod TareINDIA
The Mantra:
DefecationAblutions Discharge of wastewaterThrowing of used
floral offeringsRubbing of filthBody shampooingFrolicking
Acceptance of donations Obscenity Offering of inappropriate praises
or even hymns in a incorrect wayDiscarding of garmentsBeating
andSwimming across, in particular Thirteen actions are prohibited
on approaching the scared waters of the Ganga, namely:
September 26-29, 2011Brisbane, AustraliaPreparation of GANGA
RIVER BASIN ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLANDr Vinod TareINDIA
UnpollutedFlow
Zero Discharge
STP
UnsatisfactoryPerformance
Cynical Attitude
Expensive/Unaffordable/Energy Extensive
ULBs !Nirmal Dhara OR Un-polluted Flow
September 26-29, 2011Brisbane, AustraliaPreparation of GANGA
RIVER BASIN ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLANDr Vinod TareINDIA
Monthly Flow in Indian Rivers Why ZLD and Reuse/Recycle?Flow
(Cumecs)
September 26-29, 2011Brisbane, AustraliaPreparation of GANGA
RIVER BASIN ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLANDr Vinod TareINDIA
Why ZLD and Reuse/Recycle?Monthly Flow in Rivers Flowing Through
Western Countries Flow (Cumecs)
September 26-29, 2011Brisbane, AustraliaPreparation of GANGA
RIVER BASIN ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLANDr Vinod TareINDIA
Monthly Rainfall & Number of Rainy Days in Ganga BasinWhy
ZLD and Reuse/Recycle?
September 26-29, 2011Brisbane, AustraliaPreparation of GANGA
RIVER BASIN ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLANDr Vinod TareINDIA
"Environmental Flows are a regime of flow in a river or stream
that describes the temporal and spatial variation in quantity and
quality of water required for freshwater as well as estuarine
systems to perform their natural ecological functions (including
sediment transport) and support the spiritual, cultural and
livelihood activities that depend on these ecosystems"Environmental
Flows or E-Flows
September 26-29, 2011Brisbane, AustraliaPreparation of GANGA
RIVER BASIN ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLANDr Vinod TareINDIA
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecDischarge
Flood YearNormal YearDrought YearE-Flow, Normal YearE-Flow,
DroughtE-Flows Concept
Environmental Flows or E-FlowsBuilding Block
MethodologyConsiderationsGeomorphologyEcosystem
RequirementsSocio-Cultural RequirementsLivelihood and Water
Quality?
September 26-29, 2011Brisbane, AustraliaPreparation of GANGA
RIVER BASIN ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLANDr Vinod TareINDIA
E-Flows LocationsS NoSiteLatitude, NLongitude,
E01Jainwala3044'13.50"7821'9.85"02D/S Koteshwar Dam30
9'23.60"7836'6.78"03Kaudiliya30 4'24.54"7830'2.60"04U/S Rishikesh30
8'3.34"7820'28.99"05Balawali2938'8.60"78
6'26.27"06Garhmukteshwar2847'12.07"78
8'11.68"07Kachlaghat2755'5.52"7852'31.66"08Bithoor Ghat,
Kanpur2637'40.44"8016'28.46"09Fatehpur26
2'15.92"8051'18.91"10Sitamari2514'10.95"8219'24.38"
September 26-29, 2011Brisbane, AustraliaPreparation of GANGA
RIVER BASIN ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLANDr Vinod TareINDIA
E-Flows: LocationsS NoSiteLatitude, NLongitude, E08Bithoor Ghat,
Kanpur2637'40.44"8016'28.46"09Fatehpur26
2'15.92"8051'18.91"10Sitamari2514'10.95"8219'24.38"11Maner2543'1.91"8450'9.93"12Ganga
bridge2535'49.70"8514'35.34"13Bhagalpur2515'53.88"87 1'57.30"14D/S
Kursela2524'13.39"8728'29.27"15U/S
Farakka2456'9.51"8755'35.31"16U/S
Dhulian2441'41.53"8756'43.45"17U/S Murshidabad
2411'48.50"8815'33.50"18Katwa2338'33.23"88
8'44.36"19Kalna2313'23.47"8821'58.99"
September 26-29, 2011Brisbane, AustraliaPreparation of GANGA
RIVER BASIN ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLANDr Vinod TareINDIA
Aviral Dhara or Continuous FlowWater Resources Management Reduce
Momentum Sediment Control
DistributedStorage
Ground Water Recharge and Enhance Base Flow
September 26-29, 2011Brisbane, AustraliaPreparation of GANGA
RIVER BASIN ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLANDr Vinod TareINDIA
Ecological RestorationEnvironmental Flows +
September 26-29, 2011Brisbane, AustraliaPreparation of GANGA
RIVER BASIN ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLANDr Vinod TareINDIA
Ecosystems in Ganga BasinStructural
ComponentsAbioticBioticFunctional ComponentsTransport of
ElementsFeatures of biochemical
CyclingInteractionsEnergiticsProductionConsumptionFluxex of C, N,
P, SMass balanceSubsystemsFresh water
EstuarineWetlandsTerrestrialFlowingStorages/PondagesMain
StemGangotriTo FarakkaArtificialNaturalTributariesFarakka to
GangasagarHoogly - MatlahPermanentTransientDiara
LandsRiparianCultivatedForestsGrasslands / ScrublandsChemical
Characteristics FlowSediment
LoadHabitatNutrientsSalanityDecomposablesRecalcitrantDissolve
GasesToxicantsMetalsPesticidesProducersConsumersDecomposersPhytobenthosPhytoplanktonMacrophytesZooplanktonMacroinvertibatesVertibratesZoobanthosFishHigher
VertibratesBacterialFungusCulturableNon CulturableAquaticExtra
AquaticEcological Restoration
September 26-29, 2011Brisbane, AustraliaPreparation of GANGA
RIVER BASIN ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLANDr Vinod TareINDIA
Sustainable AgricultureDemand Management
Cropping Pattern
Organic Farming
Irrigation Methods
September 26-29, 2011Brisbane, AustraliaPreparation of GANGA
RIVER BASIN ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLANDr Vinod TareINDIA
Responsibilities of the Community&Empowering
CommunityNational River !Policies, Laws and Governance
September 26-29, 2011Brisbane, AustraliaPreparation of GANGA
RIVER BASIN ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLANDr Vinod TareINDIA
Active Flood Plane RegulationRiver Space
Permissible Activities
Valley Margin and Active Flood Plain
September 26-29, 2011Brisbane, AustraliaPreparation of GANGA
RIVER BASIN ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLANDr Vinod TareINDIA
Ganga Basin Information and Communication Network
September 26-29, 2011Brisbane, AustraliaPreparation of GANGA
RIVER BASIN ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLANDr Vinod TareINDIA
River Basin
September 26-29, 2011Brisbane, AustraliaPreparation of GANGA
RIVER BASIN ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLANDr Vinod TareINDIA
Thank You !
September 26-29, 2011Brisbane, AustraliaPreparation of GANGA
RIVER BASIN ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLANDr Vinod TareINDIA