SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT & AGRICULTURE INTEGRATED RIVER BASIN MANAGEMENT (IRBM)

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT & SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT & AGRICULTUREAGRICULTURE

INTEGRATED RIVER BASIN MANAGEMENT INTEGRATED RIVER BASIN MANAGEMENT (IRBM) (IRBM)

Vivekananda Research and Training InstituteVivekananda Research and Training InstituteMandvi - Kutch Mandvi - Kutch

Programmes & Services

Water Harvesting

and Irrigation

Agriculture development & Allied Activities

Animal Husbandry and Dairy

Environment, Plantation &

New Plant Varieties

Drought Proofing

Programme

Renewable Energy &Energy

Conservation

Rural Employment Training-cum-Production

Programme

Education and Vocational Training

Women empowerment

Extension Services

Disaster Mitigation & Rehabilitation

Activity

Socio-Economic Development in Tribal

Areas

Quality Healthcare ServicesExcel’s

NGOs

RWH structures Check damsSub surface dykesPercolation tankFarm pond

Roof Top Rain Water harvesting for drinking waterWater quality testingEfficient use of water – drip irrigation, pipe irrigation

Water

WHS constructed under different projects (1986 TO 2010)

Type of structure No of Structures Benefited land (Ha.)

Storage capacity(Mcft)

Check Dam 686

25,050 2235Percolation Tank 38Storage tank 42Sub Surface Dyke 4RT Well 128Dug well Recharge 1055 5,250 558Tank Renovation 12 280 25Land restoration - 5000Total 1,965 35,580 2,818

Land ReclamationCompost preparationNew crop ( salinity resistant)Farmers’ School (ATMA)Agricultural Entrepreneurship (MANAGE)Tool bank

Agriculture

Cattle health servicesAI servicesFodder cultivation & Fodder bankCattle feed centerMilk collection centersMarket linkage with dairy

Animal Husbandry

Community mobilizationAwareness generationCreating ownership amongst communityCommittee formation of beneficiaries and their capacity buildingGram prerak – Change agentClimate manager

Training & Capacity building

Global warming – rise in temperatureChanges in rain fall pattern causing flood, draught and increased risk in farmingPoor & small farmers are becoming more vulnerableSoil fertility is reducingGround water levels are reducing dangerously Sea levels are risingInflation due to rise in food pricesSerious health issuesDevelopment has become economy centered on GDP base, resulting in non-inclusive growthSocial & ecological values are not considered in development

Burning Issues of Current Decade

Mission For The Current Decade

To Contribute in reduction of CO2 levels in the atmosphere from 380 ppm to 280 ppm

Through

Photosynthesis for the betterment of all living beings

& survival of our mother earth.

Save the Earth, There is no Planet BSave the Earth

ByPromoting

Photosynthesis

Soil

PHOTOSYNTHESIS

Biomass productions – crops, grasses and treesAppropriate land and water management by millions of farmers especially small and marginal farmersEven Urban agriculture

• The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change(IPCC) has estimated the global technical mitigation potential for agriculture at 5.5 to 6 Gt of CO2-equivalent per year by 2030. Most of this total (89 per cent) can come from carbon sequestration in soils, storing carbon as soil organic matter (humus)

Solutions Can Come From

The Integrated River Basin Management can be defined as a "process of coordinating conservation, management and development of water, land and related resources across sectors within a given river basin, in order to maximise the economic and social benefits derived from water resources in an equitable manner while preserving and, where necessary, restoring freshwater ecosystems."

An integrated approach using the whole River Basin as a basis for holistic & sustainable planning, can provide a good solution to ensure Economic, Social and Environmental sustainability.

River Basin

Aim: To create an integrated and sustainable

development model on Rukmavati river basinObjectives:• To understand potential of various natural resources like water,

land, vegetation etc. within the basin and educate the stakeholders about the situation

• To understand issues and challenges of the river basin management

• To understand existing socio-economic status from its problems and perspective point of view

• To institutionalize decentralized and people centered resource management mechanism

• To generate economic well being along with human well being and environmental well being

• To mange micro climate in the basin area

A Case StudyA Case Study

Rukmavati River Basin, Kutch District, GujaratRukmavati River Basin, Kutch District, GujaratAims and ObjectivesAims and Objectives

04/24/23 14

RUMAVATI RIVER BASINRUMAVATI RIVER BASIN

April 24, 20231515

No of Villages : 46

Total population : 108033

Total area : 59075 Ha.

Total Agri. Area : 33477 Ha. (Irri.Area : 10268 Ha).

Culti. waste land : 5649 Ha

Forest area : 4282 Ha.

Other Land : 15671 Ha.

BASIN AREA PROFILEBASIN AREA PROFILE

Koday

Don

Vandh

Punadi

Vekra

Vandhay

Dhunai

Dahinsara

Kurbai

Maska

Ajapar

Bhadai Moti

Asambiya Mota

Mandvi

Dhokda

Sarli

Samatra

Kojachora

Jakhaniya

Darashadi

NabhoiVinganiya

Jamthada

Durgapar

Deshalpar

Bheraiya

Rampar

Goniyasar

Asambiya Nana

Vadasar

Ludva

Mamaymora

Rayan Moti

Nani

Nagalpar

Mota

Study Villages

Rukamavati Watershed

4 0 4 8 Kilometers

N

April 24, 20231616

Dahinsara

Kurbai

Don

Maska

Bheraiya

Asambiya Mota

Samatra

Punadi

Koday

Bhadai Moti

Mandvi

DrainageRiver BedWaterbody

Rukamavati Wshed

Stdudy Villages

4 0 4 8 Kilometers

N

In basin area apart from small water tanks and check dams there are two medium irrigation dam – Vijaysagar and Goniyasr.

In lower part of the basin major source of irrigation is ground water.

BASIN AREA PROFILEBASIN AREA PROFILE

April 24, 2023 17

Approach and Methodology

There are three phases of the entire project –

oPlanning phaseoImplementation phaseoManagement phase.

04/24/23 18

Approach –Decentralized & ParticipatoryFirst

Phase•Para worker – Training of local youth•Consolidation of available information -•Rainfall•Water resources•Demography•Landuse•Other

Second Phase

•Survey•Water resources•Socio economic•Food consumption•Crop production and farm management•Animal Husbandry• Observation• Pre monsoon and post monsoon water quality and water table data

Third Phase•Analysis of consolidated information• Maps•Geological formation• Water resources•Landuse•Geographic characters (slope)•RWL• Tables•Water •Food•Milk•Fodder•Dividing basin in 5 clusters for planning

Fourth Phase

•Cluster planning•Communicating Information •P.R.A.•Group Discussion•Workshop

04/24/23 19

Major problems •Due to over exploitation of ground water, Mandvi block is declared as dark zone• Ground water quality is degraded i.e. TDS - 3000 to 10000 ppm• High Fluoride content in drinking water• Degradation of agricultural land and reduced productivity• Soil erosion in basin area due to mining activity• Due to unequal allocation of resources like water and land, difference in socio economic condition

CLUSTER -1

CLUSTER -2

CLUSTER -3

CLUSTER -4

CLUSTER -5

Mota

Nagalpar

Nani

Rayan Moti

Mamaymora

Ludva

Vadasar

Asambiya Nana

Goniyasar

Rampar

Bheraiya

Durgapar

Jamthada

VinganiyaNabhoi

Darashadi

Jakhaniya

Kojachora

Samatra

Sarli

DhokdaAsambiya Mota

Bhadai Moti

Ajapar

Kurbai

Dahinsara

Dhunai

Vandhay

Vekra

Punadi

Vandh

Don

Koday

Mandvi

Geology

Bhuj FormationDeccan Trap

Jhuran FormationJumara Formation

Kankavati SeriesMadh Series

Recent

Study VillagesWatershed

6 0 6 12 Kilometers

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Geological formation & Rocks

Alluvium/Sand

Sandstone

Lime stone

BasaltBentonite/ Bauxite

Small grained sandstone

04/24/2304/24/23 2424

Changes in ground water level { Pre monsoon & post monsoon }

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Reduce Water Level - Pre Monsoon 2010

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4 0 4 8 Kilometers

May 2010

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Reduce Water Level - Post Monsoon 2009

December 2009

04/24/2304/24/23 2525

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TDS Pre Monsoon - 2010

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Darsadi

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VandhaySamatra

Nagalpar

Jakhania

JamthadaBheraiya

Desalpar

Dahisara

Kojachora

Mamaymora

Vingadiya

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Rajpar Timbo

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Excelent Water Quality(TDS <500 mg/lit)Good Water Quality(TDS 500 - 1500 mg/lit)Moderate/Permissible Water Quality(TDS 1500 - 2000 mg/lit)

Brackish/Partial Saline Water Quality(TDS 2000 - 3000 mg/lit)

Saline Water Quality(TDS >3000 mg/lit)

TDS Post Monsoon - 2009

4 0 4 8 Kilometers

N

December 2009 May 2010

04/24/2304/24/23 2626#

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AjaparVirani

Kurbai

Sukhpar

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Darsadi

Wadasar

Vandhay Samatra

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Jakhania

JamthadaBheraiya

Desalpar

Dahisara

Kojachora

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Rajpar Timbo

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Goniyasar Mota

4 0 4 8 Kilometers

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Slope CategoryVery gentle to level (< 2º)gentle (2º-5º)Moderate (5º-10º)Moderately steep (10º-18º)Steep (18º-30º)Very steep (30º-45º)

# SattlementLegend

Slope map of river basin area

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Rayan nana

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Nabhoi Moti

Nabhoi Nani

Rajpar Timbo

Asambiya Mota

Asambiya Nana

Goniyasar Mota

3 0 3 6 Kilometers

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Recharg Potential ZonetionNo Potential Zone Low Potential Zone Moderate Potential Zone Moderately High Potential Zone Very High Potential Zone

# Sattlement

Recharge potential zone in river basin

04/24/2304/24/23 2828

Village maps

Base Map: Durgapur

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Landuse Map: Durgapur

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FOREST GAMTAL GAUCHAR INDUSTRY IRRIGATED OTHER UNIRRIGATED WATERBODY HORTICULTURE

FALLOW

Surface geology MapDurgapurSurface Geology

RoadDrainage

GamtalRevenu Boundry

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Alluvium

0.6 0 0.6 Kilometers

Base Map: Durgapur

0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 Kilometers

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GEOLOGY PROBLEMS BROAD STRATEGY

ACTIVITIES

Juran & Jumara formations - Sand stone - Shale - clay

-Negligible Ground water- Low permeability - Excessive over land flow, head ward erosion

Surface water storage and recharging of isolated sst. Patches for dinking water

1. Soil Water conservationWells and tanks for drinking water , Silt trap, Gabion, ST.2. AgricultureRain fed area treatment, F.B & W.W, F.P, soil moisture conservation, grass land Dev. in forest area through JFM

CLUSTER - ICLUSTER - I

VILLAGES

Vandhay, Kurbai, Ajapar,Vadasar, Viganiya, Sarli, Samatra, Deaslpar, Nabhoi, Bidada Padar and Forest area

MahajanMahajan - Cluster Committee - Cluster Committee

• In workshop, a cluster level committee is formed having representation of each village – 4 members ( 2 men & 2 women)

• During the planning phase, enthused by the project, the chairman of the ‘Sardar Patel Sahbhagi Jal Sanchay Yojna’ had sanctioned 51 check dams in basin area.

Over flowing check dam in basin Over flowing check dam in basin areaarea

RIVER BASIN DPRRIVER BASIN DPR

• After completion of the planning phase ‘Detailed Project Report’ for the basin is prepared mainly focusing better natural resources management and capacity building of stake holders.

• In DPR, We have adapted suitable strategy to overcome the problems for each cluster

Activities planned Activities planned • Water Harvesting

– Check dam– Renovation of old structure– Disilting

• Soil moisture conservation– CCT– ST– Silt Trap– Farm pond

• Agriculture/ Horticulture– Farm bunding– Land leveling– New Plantation– Drip irrigation

• Forest area development• Animal Husbandry

– Grass land development– Cattle feed units– Milk collection units– Veterinary services

• Training and awareness– Farmers training– Women training (SHG)– Workshop/Seminar– Exposure visits


Activities for the basin

NO. Activities No Area (Ha.)

1 Water Harvesting 307 62792 Soil moisture conservation 58 13473 Agriculture/ Horticulture 45 8734 Forest area development - 2205 Animal Husbandry 19380 -6 Training and awareness 243 -7 Drinking water 50 -8 Compost pits 500 200

Total 8919


• The DPR is submitted to Rural Development department of Government of Gujarat.

• The another proposal is submitted to Irrigation department for desilting of current water harvesting structures – 157 structures. This will benefit 1660 hectares of agricultural land

• With forest department planning is under process to manage ‘Prosopis’ in pasture land

Specific Activities planned Specific Activities planned • Prosumer societies• Agro- industrial complex

If the River basin is seen from the perspective of an Agro-Industrial Complex with responsible use of natural assets & resources, for providing renewable resources as Raw Materials, to which value addition is done by appropriate processes & technologies, it can lead to the objectives narrated above

Agro Industrial Complex

Agro-industrial complex Capacity building though

Education, Training, Skill-development & on job training

Inputs managementSeeds, Nutrients, pests etc.

Services to farmers and other communityClimate & weather information, Banking & credit supply, Trade in inputs & output, Storage and transport Infrastructure, Value addition related knowledgeProcessing expertise, market linkages

R & DTo continuously assess the opportunity, Solve problems& provide services

Natural resource management Soil, Water, Vegetation etc.

•This will create interdependence of agri. and industries

•The raw material will be basically renewable in nature

•The wealth created by both Agri. And Industrial activities will remain with the population of the basin area

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IMPLEMENTATION PHASE

Activities as per strategy will be carried out through linkages with Govt. departments and other funding agencies

Irrigation departmentMNREGSForest Department (JFM)Agriculture Department

Groups formed during planning phase are involved in each stage of implementation

MANAGEMENT PHASEMANAGEMENT PHASE• As per our experience involvement of community from

planning to operation and management of common asset is essential

• We are in process of development of Self sustainable river management institution that have two units such as decision making unit and service providing unit.

• Para engineer will be in basin level institute• After completion of the project, we will act as a

facilitator and provide guidance to basin level institute

Rukmavati Basin federationRukmavati Basin federation

MAHAJAN MAHAJAN MAHAJAN

GWM(Aquifer)

Land and watermanagement

GWM(Salinity)

VLC VLCVLC

UG UGUG UG UG UG

Tech.Services

(Para Workers)

Infrast.&Social

SupportBASIN LEVEL

CLUSTER LEVEL

VILLAGE LEVEL

UG - Water user group, animal husb. group etc.

Monitoring, Analysis for Decision Making

Facilitating implementation and Capacity Building

Livilyhood

Support

Positive impact on climate change

Natural resource management• Soil moisture conservation• Soil reclamation• Water harvesting and it’s management

Restored fresh water eco-systemIncreased soil fertilityIncreased crop productivity

Agri./Horticulture development and greenery in the basin

More photosynthesis

CO2

Fixation

Capacity of framers though trainings for..• Balance cropping and biomass planning• Mixed farming with animal husbandry, Dairy, Fishery poultry etc.

Solid and liquid waste management• Composting, recycling etc.

Reduction in METHANEgeneration

National Action Plan for Climate Change

• National Water Mission– to ensure integrated water resource management helping

to conserve water, minimize wastage– recharging of under ground water sources and adoption of

large scale irrigation programmes which rely on sprinklers, drip irrigation and ridge and furrow irrigation.

• National Mission for a Green India– The Mission on Green India will be taken up on degraded

forest land through direct action by communities, organized through Joint Forest Management

• National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture– improving productivity of rainfed agriculture

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The main expectation from this project is to demonstrate successful model of river basin management that can be replicated

Each cluster of the basin will be self reliant on their drinking water, food ,fodder and fuel requirement

Improvement of water quality as per drinking and irrigation norms

Green cover on the land will be restored

Finally contribute to improve GDP of the basin area, improve happiness index & Human Development Index of this basin area.

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THANKSTHANKS

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT & AGRICULTURE INTEGRATED RIVER BASIN MANAGEMENT (IRBM)

Documents

development of water

water management

rain water

water resources

reducingground water

treesappropriate land

given river basin

structuresbenefited