Sustainability in Broward County, Florida Local Governments in Action Broward County Energy & Sustainability Program Natural Resources Planning and Management Division An Energy Efficiency and Conservation Block Grant Supported Activity
Sustainability in Broward County, FloridaLocal Governments in Action
Broward County Energy & Sustainability ProgramNatural Resources Planning and Management DivisionAn Energy Efficiency and Conservation Block Grant Supported Activity
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Table of Contents
• Objective.......................................................................................................... page1
• Participants....................................................................................................... page1
• Scope............................................................................................................... page2
• KeyFindings...................................................................................................... page2
• ResultsandAnalysis........................................................................................... page3
• GeneralProgramInformation................................................................... page3
• GreenhouseGasMitigation..................................................................... page6
• WaterUseandConservation.................................................................... page7
• Energy.................................................................................................... page8
• Transportation....................................................................................... page10
• BuiltEnvironment................................................................................... page11
• WasteReductionandRecycling............................................................... page12
• ComprehensivePlanning........................................................................ page13
• AdaptationPlanning.............................................................................. page13
• NextSteps............................................................................................. page15
• AreasforFutureCommunity-wideCollaborationandProgramAdvancement.............................................................................. page15
• Conclusion..................................................................................................... page18
• Appendix A: Survey Participant Contact List
• Appendix B: Matrix of Municipal Green Initiatives
• Appendix C: Full Survey Responses
On the Cover:SolarpanelarrayatTDBankinFortLauderdale,volunteersatBroward’s2011WaterMattersDay,newBrowardCountyTransithybrid-electricarticulatedbus.”
Broward County Energy and Sustainability Program2011 Municipal Green Initiatives Survey Summary Report
Objective
AspartofBrowardCounty’sEnergyandSustainabilityProgrameffortsrelatedtotheU.S.DepartmentofEnergy’sEnergyEfficiencyandConservationBlockgrantactivities,anonlinesurveywasdistributedtothe31municipalitieswithinBrowardCounty’sgeographicbordersonMarch9,2011.Thepurposeofthe2011MunicipalGreenInitiativesSurveywastogainagreaterunderstandingofthescopeanddiversityofenergyefficiencyinitiativesandsustainabilityrelatedprogramsimplementedthroughouttheCounty.
Thisreportsummarizestheoutcomeofthesurveyandhighlightsbestpracticesundertakenbymunicipalandcountygovernments.Thefirstsectionfocusesonkeyfindings.Inthenextsection,amoredetaileddescriptionoftheresultsofeachsurveytopicareaiscovered,includinghighlightsofsomeoftheinitiativesandbestpracticesfromtherespondingcities.Inthelastsection,areasforfuturecommunity-widecollaborationandprogramadvancementarediscussed.Thereportisfollowedbythreeappendicescontainingthecontactinformationofsurveyparticipants,atableofspecificinitiativesoractionstakenpermunicipalityandthecompleteresponsesforeachquestioninthesurvey.
Surveyresults,resourcelinksandexamplesofbestpracticeswillbeavailablethroughanonlineclearinghousecurrentlyunderdevelopmentbytheCounty.ThemajorgoalsoftheEnergyandSustainabilityClearinghouseareto:
• GathertogetherexistingsustainabilityinformationandshareitwiththeparticipatingmunicipalitiesandBrowardcommunity
• Capture,celebrateandsharethecollectiveachievementsoflocalgovernment
• Createaplatformforcooperativelyadvancingenergyefficiencyandsustainabilityprograms
ParticipantsEachofBrowardCounty’s31municipalitiesparticipatedintheinformationgatheringprocessinitiatedbythe2011MunicipalGreenInitiativesSurvey.Priortothesurveybeingadministered,thepurposeandgoalsofthesurvey,thelikelyscope,anditscontextwithintheEnergyandSustainabilityProgramwerecommunicatedtostafffromeachofthemunicipalities.Variousdepartmentswithineachcitywereincluded,fromplanningandzoning,communitydevelopment,environmentalservices,etc.Thisprovidedabroadrangeofindividualsanddisciplinesfromeachmunicipalitytoserveasprimaryandsupportingrolesinthemunicipality’scollectiveresponsetothesurvey.OftheCounty’s31municipalities,28successfullycompletedandreturnedthesurvey,onemunicipalityhadlimitedparticipationandtwohadnogreeninitiativestoreport.ThesurveywasalsocompletedbyBrowardCountystaff,astotrulycaptureandreflectthescopeofenergyefficiencyinitiativesandsustainabilityeffortsundertakenbylocalgovernmentsthroughouttheentirecounty.
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ScopeThedepthandbreadthofthe2011MunicipalGreenInitiativesSurvey(seeAppendixCforsurveyquestions)wassignificant,requiringadedicatedcommitmentfromtheidentifiedcontactsineachmunicipality.Fifty-fivequestionscovered10topicareas:
General Program Information
Greenhouse Gas Mitigation
Water Use and Conservation
Energy
Transportation
Built Environment
Waste Reduction and Recycling
Comprehensive Planning
Adaptation Planning
Next Steps
Theintentwastogainanunderstandingofwhatgeneralenergyefficiency,green,climateandsustainabilityprogramswerecurrentlyunderway,whatspecificactionsweretakenwithintheseprograms,whocouldreportonsuccessstoriesandhowcommonobstaclescouldbeovercomeintheplanningandimplementationoftheseinitiatives.Becausethesetypesofeffortstypicallyrequiretheattentionofmultiplestaffacrossmanydepartments,collectingdataprovedespeciallychallenging.Communicationandcoordinationbecameacriticalcomponentofadministeringthesurveysuccessfully.
Key Findings The2011MunicipalGreenInitiativesSurveycollectedquantifiable/comparableinformationthroughstructuredresponsequestions,andqualitativeinformationtoidentifybestpracticesanddiscusschallengesthroughopen-endedquestions.Thefollowingisasummaryofsomeofthekeyfindingsgleanedfromanalysisofthesurveyresults.
Ingeneral,mostsustainabilityinitiativesintheBrowardcommunityprioritizeeconomicdevelopment,protectionofresourcesandemissionsreductions.Theyweremostoftenfundedthroughthecities’generalfundsand/orfederalgrants.Thefourtopicareasmostcommonlycoveredbytheseinitiativesorprogramsarenativelandscaping,recyclingandwastemanagement,waterconservationandenergyefficiencyandconservation.
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SpecificsustainabilityinitiativeswhereBrowardmunicipalitiesaremakingsignificantstridesincludeincreasinglocalenergyproductionandimprovingenergyefficiency.Overhalfofrespondentsreportedhavinginstalledsolarpanelsongovernmental/institutionalfacilities.Additionally,whilecitiesarereportingsignificantlyincreasingenergyefficiencythroughtechnology,programgoalsandphysicalretrofits,improvementisneededintrackingenergyusage,workingcollaborativelytosavemoneyandmovingtowardenergyindependenceasacommunity.
Manypositiveresponseswerereceivedregardingalternativetransportationimprovements,recyclinginitiativesandeffortstoreducethecarbonfootprintofwatertreatmentandsupply.Forexample,inthelastfiveyears,morethanhalfofrespondentsreportedaddingbiking/walkingtrailsormakingimprovementstobussheltersintheircity.Morethan80percenthaverecyclingatgovernmentfacilities,andthesamepercentagehaveimplementedcommunity-widesingle-streamorcomingledrecycling.Ofthecitieswhichoperateawaterorwastewatertreatmentfacility,13havetakensignificantstepstoaddressenergyuse.Someoftheseactionsinclude:energyaudits,equipmentupgrades,ordinanceswhichprohibitpotablewaterforirrigationandprogressivewaterreuseplans.
Sustainablebuildingdesignpracticesandreducingenergydemandinthebuiltenvironmentisanotherareainwhichlocalgovernmentsaremakingprogress.Abouthalfofrespondentsreportedofferingincentivesforgreenconstructionand,ofthemunicipalitiesthathaveupdatedtheircomprehensiveplansrecently,morethan80percenthaveincludedlanguagetoaddressenergyefficiencyandgreenhousegasreductionstrategies.
ManyarealsointerestedinworkingwithBrowardCountygovernmenttoplanforclimatechange.MorethanhalfwereawarethattheCountyisintheprocessofcreatingaClimateChangeElementforinclusionintotheBrowardCountyComprehensivePlan.Ninety-sevenpercentsaidthatatemplatewouldormaybeusefultotheminordertocreateaClimateChangeElementwithinthemunicipalComprehensivePlan.
Finally,whenaskedwhatsurveyparticipantswantedtocomeoutofthesurveyprocess,96percentwouldliketoseeanonlineclearinghouseofinformationdevelopedoninitiativesintheBrowardcommunity.Seventy-eightpercentsaidthattheywouldliketoparticipateinaseriesofworkshopsdedicatedtohighlightingbestmanagementpractice(BMPs)initiatedlocallyinourcommunity.
Results and Analysis
General Program Information
Main Objectives of Sustainability Initiatives
EconomicDevelopmentandProtectionofResourceswereequallyconsideredasthehighestpriorityofrespondents’sustainabilityobjectivesat53percent.
EmissionsReductionsrankedthethirdhighesthighpriorityat40percent,andClimatePreparednesswastheobjectivemostoftenchosenbyrespondentsasamediumpriority,at50percent.
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Sustainability, Energy Conservation and Climate Change Actions Recently Taken
Withregardstoenergyconservation,climatechange,oroverallsustainability,almostthree-fourths(74percent)ofallrespondentshavepassedaresolutioninsupportofprogramsorinitiatives.
Morethanhalf(54percent)haveincluded“green”goals,objectivesandpolicesintoexistingplans,andnearlyhalf(45percent)haveestablishedaninternalgreencommitteeortaskforce.
Morethanonethirdofrespondents(35percent)haveappointedacitizenscommitteeoradvisorygreenteamandhavededicatedstafftothesustainabilityeffort.
Coalitions Joined and Commitments Pledged
ThemajorityofmunicipalitiesinBrowardCountyhavesignedtheU.S.Mayors’ClimateProtectionAgreement(77percent).
Morethanonethird(35percent)haveachievedaCommunityWildlifeHabitat/NatureScapeBrowarddesignation,andonequarter(25percent)arecertifiedasaFloridaGreenLocalGovernmentbytheFloridaGreenBuildingCoalition(FGBC).Additionally,almostone-fifth(19percent)participateinLocalGovernment’sforSustainability’s(ICLEI)CitiesforClimateProtection.
Local Government Highlight:
Lauderhillwasa2010HonorableMentionwinneroftheU.S.MayorsClimateProtectionAwardfortheirprogramandWebsite.Checkouttheirsustainableinitiativesandgreenprogramsbyvisitingwww.lauderhillgreen.com
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Sustainability Programs Through the Broward Community Address a Number of Important Issues
Mostrespondents(68–75percent)reportedthattheirprogramsaddressfourmajorissues:
• NativeLandscaping• RecyclingandWasteManagement• WaterConservation/Reuse• EnergyEfficiencyandConservation
Morethanhalf(50–59percent)alsocitedthefollowingfouraspectsofsustainableplanning:
• UrbanCanopyandOpenSpace• GreenBuilding• CommunityEducation• PromotingAlternativeModesofTransportation
Asignificantnumber(25–46percent)alsoaddress:
• GreenPurchasing• ReducingVehicleMilesTraveled• AlternativeFuels• AirQuality• RenewableEnergyGeneration
How Local Governments are Funding their Sustainability Initiatives
MostmunicipalitiesinBrowardCountyareusingCityGeneralFundsand/orFederalGrantstofundtheirsustainabilityprograms(71percentand64percentrespectively).
Significantlyless,butstillanoteworthynumber,areemployingalternativestrategies,suchasStateGrants(25percent),CityEnterpriseFunds(21percent)and/orLocalGrants/ProjectCostShare(21percent)options.
Biggest Obstacles to Developing/ Implementing Sustainability Programs
Fundingwascitedbyrespondentsasthebiggestobstacletothedevelopmentand/orimplementationofsustainabilityprograms.
StafftimewasrankedthesecondbiggestobstacleandComplexityofIssuecameinasthethirdgreatestobstacle.
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Greenhouse Gas Mitigation
TwentypercentofrespondentsreportedhavingdoneaGreenhouseGas(GHG)EmissionsInventoryfortheirmunicipality’sinternal/governmentoperationsand16percentreportedhavingcompletedonecity-wide.OfthosewhohavetakenstepstoinventorytheirGHGemissions,71percentusedtheCleanAirandClimateProtection(CACP)SoftwarebyICLEI,while29percentusedanothermethod,suchastheirowntrackingsoftware.Additionally,11respondentswereawarethatBrowardCountycompletedacommunity-wideGHGInventoryin2007,andsixalsoreportedusingthatinventoryintheirmunicipality’ssustainabilityplanning.
Whileworkremainstoachievethegoalofallmunicipalitiesperformingemissionstracking,manyhavealreadytakenstepstosequestercarbondioxideemissions.Two-thirdsofrespondents(20of30)reportedhavingincentivesorprogramsdedicatedtoincreasingtheurbanforestortreecanopy.Activitiesrangefromlandscapeordinancesandcodesforstreets,businesses,andneighborhoodstoeducationaleventsandcommunityorgrantsupportednativeplantsalesandtreegive-aways.
Local Government Highlight:TheCityofTamarac’s2010ClimateActionPlanincorporatesfindingsfromtheir2008Community-wideGreenhouseGasEmissionInventoryandtheir2008GovernmentGreenhouseGasInventory.
Theplansetsoutpoliciesandmeasuresthatthecitywillimplementtoreachareductionsgoalof7percentbelowthe2008baselineby2015.TheICLEICACPsoftwarewasusedtoprovideaspecificenergysavings(orwaterorfuelsavings)foreachmeasure.
Seethereportorvisit:http://publicagenda.tamarac.org/AttachmentViewer.aspx?AttachmentID=4923&ItemID=2301
Local Government Highlight:BrowardCounty’sNatureScapeprogramhascertifiedmorethan3,000yards,including88countyfacilities.TheseFlorida-friendlylandscapesincreaseoveralltreecanopy,reduceirrigationneedsandreduceGHGbyreducingtheamountofelectricalpowerneededtomaintainbuildingoperation.
TheCountyalsoprovidessignificanttrainingtothecommunity.Lastyearalone,387programsweregivento46,289participantsthroughouttheCounty,offeringeducationinNatureScapebestmanagementpracticesandFlorida-friendlylandscapesandhostingworkshopssuchastheHabitatStewardstrainings.TheseprogramslowerGHGemissionsbypromotingsustainablepracticesforadditionalcarbondioxidesequestrationandstorage.
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Water Use and Conservation
Energy Conservation as a Function of Water Conservation
Waterandwastewatertreatmentplantsareoftenasignificantportionofamunicipality’senergyconsumption.Ofthecitiesthatoperateawaterorwastewatertreatmentfacility,13havetakensignificantstepstoaddressitsenergyuse.Ninerespondentsalsoreportedhavingcommunity-widewaterconservationstrategiesthatmightbebeneficialtosharewithotherparticipants.
Actionsrangefromenergyauditsandequipmentupgradestoordinancesthatprohibitpotablewaterforirrigationandprogressivewaterreuseplans.ThroughtheEnergyandSustainabilityProgram,BrowardCountyplanstocreatebothvirtualandface-to-faceopportunitiesforparticipantstosharesomeofthesebestpracticesandlessonedlearned,sothatwemightalladvanceinoureffortstomoreefficientlymanagetheseprecioussharedresources.
Local Government Highlight:TheCityofMiramarprohibitspotablewaterforirrigationthroughacityordinance.Miramaralso:
•Usesgrasscarpfishinsteadofchemicalsforweedcontrolmanagementinthecity’swaterways•Eliminatedtheplantingofannualsandusesonlydrought-tolerantplantsandtrees•RunsaResidentialPlumbingFixtureReplacementProgram(withSFWMDWaterSIPfunding)•Producesfourmilliongallonsperday(MGD)ofReclaimedWastewater.Toseemore
information,visit:www.ci.miramar.fl.us/green/docs/MiramarSustainability.pdf
Local Government Highlight:PompanoBeachUtilitiesDepartmenthasimplementedanumberofenergy-savingpracticesandupgrades,suchas:automaticmeterreading(AMR),FPLloadsharingprogram,installationofvehicletrackingsystems,leakdetectionprogramandwaterandsewerreliningprograms,andisimplementingotherssuchasvariablefrequencydrives(VFD)onpumpsandrefurbishingfiltersatthereuseplant.Inaddition,Pompano’swaterreusesystem(OASIS),providesapproximately
twomilliongallonsperday(MGD)ofirrigationwatertotheareaandhassavedmorethamtenbilliongallonsofBiscayneAquiferwatersince1989.UnderanewprograminpartnershipwithBrowardCounty,theCitywillconnectsingle-familyhomeownerstothereusesystematnocosttothehomeowner.TheCitywilltakecareofallplumbingworkandpermits.VisittheirnewWebsiteatwww.iCanWater.com
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Energy
Government Operations Energy Usage
Participantsreportedanumberofstrategiesbeingemployedtoreducetheamountofenergyusedbygovernmentoperations.
Thetopstrategyusedtodecreaseenergyuseis:
• PurchaseEnergyStar,“green”orElectronicProductEnvironmentalAssessmentTool(EPEAT)certifiedequipmentwhenavailable(65percent)
Halfofallrespondents(50percent)alsoreportedusingthefollowingthreestrategiestodecreaseenergyusage:
•Purchasedalternativefuelvehicles•Conductedenergyauditsofgovernmentbuildings• Installedenergymanagementsystemstocontrolheatingandcooling(HVAC)inbuildings
Aboutathird(30-34percent)reportedsavingenergyby:
•Havingalternativefuelsavailabletotheirfleet• ITSolutions(likeservervirtualization)•Otherstrategies
Recent Energy Efficiency Upgrades/Retrofits of Government facilities and Services
Manysurveyparticipantsreportedcompletingenergyefficiencyupgradesorgovernmentfacilityretrofitsinthelastfiveyears.
ThetoptwoupgradeswereforHVACandOfficeLighting(72percentofrespondents).
ThenextmostpopularupgradeswereLow-flowWaterDevices,StreetlightsorotherExteriorLighting,andReflective/CoolRoofing(64percent,48percentand36percentrespectively).
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Actions Taken to Increase Energy Production
Browardmunicipalitiesarealsomakingsignificantstridestowardincreasinglocalenergyproduction.
Morethanhalfofrespondents(54percent)reportedhavinginstalledsolarpanelsongovernmental/institutionalfacilities.
Amuchsmallerpercentage(7-15percent)reportedinstallingageothermalsystem,windturbineorhavingalong-termgoalforrenewableenergyproduction.
Theseactions,inadditiontofurtheradvancingtheuseofsolarenergy,shouldbetargetareasforincreasedfocusinourcommunityinthefuture.
Local Government Highlight:
CityofHollywood’sGreenSWEEP(SolarWindEnergyEfficiencyProject),includestheinstallationofsolarphotovoltaicpanels,windturbinesandnewreflectivecoolroofsatfourfacilities.Theseenergyefficientandrenewableenergytechnologies,alongwithotherenvironmentally-friendlypractices,weredemonstratedatakick-offeventwithelementarystudentsandtheCity’sMayorthisApril.Formoreinformation,visit
www.energysystemsgroup.com/hollywoodhttp://blog.energy.gov/blog/2011/05/13/hollywood-florida-celebrates-less-traditional-type-sweeps-week
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Community Focused Energy Initiatives
Thesurveyshowswidespreadsupportforinitiativesthatpromoterenewableenergyproductionandthereductionofenergyconsumptioninthecommunity.Respondentsreportedemployingavarietyofstrategies.Theseinclude:
• Incentives,rebatesorgive-awaysofenergyefficientfixturesandappliances(37percent)
•Weatherizationassistance(26percent)
•Reducingregulatorybarrierstoresidentialrenewableenergyproduction(21percent)
•RevolvingLoanFundsforenergyefficiencyandrenewableenergyimprovements(16percent)
•Renewableenergydemonstrationprojects(10percent)
Local Government Highlight:ThroughtheCityofFortLauderdale’sSmartWattsProgram,FortLauderdaleresidentsmayqualifyforupto$1,000incashrebatesand$10,000inloansforthepurchaseandinstallationofheating,ventilationandair-conditioningsystems,solarorgason-demandwaterheaters,solarpanels,ENERGYSTARwindowsordoors,andinsulation.Inaddition,theCityofFortLauderdaleishostingaseriesofHomeEnergySaverWorkshops,inpartnershipwiththeMuseumofDiscoveryandScience,toeducateresidentsabouthowtoproactivelytakemeasurestosaveenergyintheirhomes.Workshopparticipantsevenreceivea$100tookkittoimproveenergyefficiency!
Forfurtherdetails,visitwww.fortlauderdale.gov/smartwatts
Transportation
Alternative Transportation Improvements
Inthelastfiveyears,morethanhalfofrespondentsreportedaddingbiking/walkingtrails(57percent)andmakingimprovementstobusshelters(53percent).
Morethanonethird(37percent)reportedaddingbikeparkingfacilitiesand/orexpandingdedicatedbikelanesonstreets.
Aboutonequarter(23percent)haveimprovedtheircitybusfleet,eitherbypurchasinghigherefficiency,hybrid,electricorbiodieselunits,orsomeothermeansofincreasingefficiency.
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Creating more Walk-able Communities
Manyrespondentsalsoreportedmakingtargetedeffortstomaketransportationinfrastructuremorepedestrianfriendlyintheircommunity.Specifically,thetopthreeactionstakenwere:
•EnforcingStreet-TreeRequirements(45percent)
•WideningSidewalks(38percent)
•ReducingtheRequiredParkingStandard(31percent)
Local Government Highlight:DaniaBeachhasfourelectriccarchargingstationsinanewenvironmentallyfriendlyparkinggarage.
Toviewthevideo,visit:www.ci.dania-beach.fl.us/index.aspx?nid=1072
Local Government Highlight:BrowardCountyhaslaunchedaBikeSharingProgramwithaminimumof200bikesandassociatedbikesharestations,whichwillbeginoperationsinFall2011.AnagreementwithB-Cycle,LLCwasapprovedOctober26,2010,toestablishandmanagetheprogram.ThevendorandtheCountyhavebeenworkingcollaborativelywiththecitiesofPompanoBeach,FortLauderdale,andHollywoodtopermittheinitialstationlocations.
Checkouttheprogram’sFacebookpagebyvisiting:www.facebook.com/pages/Broward-B-cycle/111177855620574
Built Environment
Traditionalbuildinguseconsumes40percentofthetotalfossilenergyintheUnitesStates.Sustainablebuildingdesignpracticesreduceboththedemandforenergyandthecostsforbuildingoperation.Inordertopositivelyinfluencetheprivatesectortoundertakemoresustainablebuildingpractices,abouthalfofrespondents(45percent)reportedofferingincentivesforgreenconstruction,suchasincreaseddensityorheightallowances,streamlinedpermittingprocess,etc.Additionally,morethanhalfofrespondents(54percent)reportedbeingfamiliarwiththenewInternationalGreenConstructionCode(IGCC).
Localgovernmentscanimpacttheprivatesectorbeyondincentivesandregulation,byleadingbyexample.AccordingtoFloridastatestatutes,allneworretrofittedpubliclyfinancedbuildingsmustbeconstructedandmaintainedtomeettheUnitedStatesGreenBuildingCouncil(USGBC)LeadershipinEnergyandEnvironmentalDesign(LEED)ratingsystem,orasimilarnationally-recognized,high-performancegreenbuildingratingsystemstandard,asofJuly1,2008.Sofar,about26percentofsurveyrespondentsreportedhavingsome(1-6)government-ownedoroperatedbuildingsthatareLEEDrated.Astimegoesonandmorebuildingsarebuiltorretrofitted,thesenumbersshouldcontinuetoincrease.
Local Government Highlight:TheDaniaBeachPaulDeMaioLibraryisadesignbuildprojectbetweenBrowardCountyandtheCityofDaniaBeachthatconsistsof10,000squarefootlibrarydesignedtoachieveLEEDGoldCertification.
Photocredit:DaniaBeachCommunityRedevelopmentAgency
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Waste Reduction and Recycling
Actions Taken to Reduce, Reuse and Recycle
Surveyrespondentsaretakingavarietyofapproachestoreducewasteandmakerecyclingmoreavailableandefficientthroughoutthecommunity.
Thetoptwoactionstakenwithinlocalgovernmentare:
• RecyclingatGovernmentFacilities(83percent)
• ChangingWorkplaceBehavior(43percent)
Thetoptwoactionstakenonthecommunity-widescaleare:
• Single-streamorComingledRecycling(83percent)
• DivertingConstructionandDemolition(C&D)Debrisfromthelandfilltoamaterialsrecoveryfacility(MRF)(33percent)
Abouthalfofrespondentsreportedthattheirlocalgovernmentsencouragedrecyclinginthreeadditionalsectorsofthecommunity:Office/Workplace(62percent),Multi-familyResidential(50percent)andPublicEvents(43percent).Whilethefindingsarecertainlypositive,theseeffortswouldbemoresuccessfuliflocalgovernmentstookonevengreaterleadershiptomandateorenforceandprovidesupportforthesetypesofprograms.Thislevelofengagementiscurrentlyreportedbyonly7-25percentofrespondents.
Local Government Highlight:TheCityofLauderhillconstructedthefirstLEEDSilvercityhallinthesoutheasternUnitedStates.Theprojectservesasanexampletolocalresidentsandbusinessesofthecity’scommitmenttoenergyefficientconstructionthatpromoteshealthful,durable,affordableandenvironmentallysoundpractices.
Photocredit:CityofLauderhill
Local Government Highlight:HollywoodhasbeenusingarecyclingrewardprogramsinceFebruary2010.ThroughacontractwithRecycleBank,residentsearnpointsbasedontheamounttheyrecycle,whichcanthenberedeemedfordiscountsatlocalandnationalbusinesses.Hollywoodhasseena130percentincreaseinrecyclingcity-widesincetheprogram’sinception.WhileHollywoodwasthefirstcityinBrowardtoimplementtheprogram,othercitiesarenowconsideringadoption.Nextonline:CityofSunrise.Tolearnmore,visitwww.sunrisefl.gov/index.aspx?page=489
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Comprehensive Planning
Energy Efficiency and Greenhouse Gas Reduction
TheCountyandmanymunicipalitieshavealreadyincludedenergyefficiencyandGreenhouseGasreductionstrategiesintheirlocalcomprehensiveplans,asrequiredbyFloridaHouseBill697asofJuly1,2008.Ofthe43percentwhohaveupdatedtheircomprehensiveplansrecently,83percentincludedtheenergyefficiencylanguagereferencedinHB697.Sixteenrespondentshavenotyetmadethechanges,butsaidthattechnicalassistancewouldbebeneficialtothemintheprocessofdoingso.
Climate Change Planning
BrowardCountyisintheprocessofcreatingaClimateChangeElementforinclusionintotheCountyComprehensivePlan.Abouttwo-thirds(63percent)ofrespondentswereawarethatthisactionwasbeingtaken,and97percentwouldormightfindatemplateusefulincreatingtheirownClimateChangeElement.
Adaptation Planning
Surveyparticipantswereaskedtoranktheirlevelofconcernregarding14potentialimpactsofclimatechangeonourlocalcommunity.
Ofthe27respondentswhoansweredthisquestion,10ormore(40percentorgreater)saidthatthefollowingimpactswere“ofgreatconcern:”
• Flooding/Stormwatermanagement
• Moreintensehurricanes
• Impactstopublicinfrastructure
• Salt-waterintrusionintotheaquifer
• Drought
• Sea-levelrise
• Impactstoprivateproperty
Additionalimpactsconsideredoftobeofmoderateconcernby10ormore(40percentorgreater)respondentswere:
• Impactstonaturalsystems
• Temperaturechanges
• Heatstress/Publichealth
• Price/availabilityofenergy
• Price/availabilityoffood
• Migrationofaffectedpopulation
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Recent Investments in Climate Adaptation
Inplanningforclimatechange,manylocalgovernmentsinBrowardhavealreadybeguntotakeproactivestepstopreparefortheimpactsthroughstrategicadaptationplanning.
Eighty-threepercentofrespondentsreportmakingrecentinvestmentsinclimateadaptation.
Themostcommoninvestment,by73percentofrespondents,wasinStormwaterimprovements.
Thenextthreeinvestmentsreportedmostoftenwere:
• Beachrenourishment
• Raisingbasefloorelevations
• Consideringclimateimpactsinthelocation,designandconstructionofpublicinfrastructure
Local Government Highlight:CoconutCreekdevelopedaCityGreenPlanin2009,whichcoverssevenenvironmentalthemes:Energy,Water,UrbanDesign,UrbanNature,WasteReduction,Transportation,andClimateChange.
Theplanisdesignedtobeimplementedthroughaseriesofactionstepsovera10-yeartimeframe.Througheachactionstep,therearemeanstoconserveenergyandwater,reducewaste,improvecommunityparticipationanddemonstrateenvironmentalstewardship.Formoreinformation,visitwww.creekgov.net/green/plan.
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Next Steps
Whenaskedwhatparticipantswantedtocomeoutofthesurveyprocess,96percentwouldliketoseedevelopedanOnlineClearinghouseofinformationoninitiativesintheBrowardCommunity,82percentwouldlikeaWrittenSummaryDocument(suchasthisreport),and82percentwouldliketohaveNetworkingOpportunitieswithotherenergyandsustainabilitymanagerswhoparticipatedintheprogram.
Onewaytocontinuetoshareinformationandcooperativelyadvanceenergyefficiencyandsustainabilityprogramsinourcommunityisthroughnetworkingandcollaboration.Inthesurveyresults,theresponseforthistypeofnextstepwasverypositive.Between37percentand59percentofrespondentssaidtheywouldbewillingtoparticipateinafull-dayorhalf-dayworkshop,and78percentsaidthattheywouldliketoparticipateinaseriesofworkshopsdedicatedtohighlightingbestmanagementpractice(BMPs)initiatedlocallyinourcommunity.
Thisdocumentservesasawrittenreport.Acontactlistofsurveyparticipantsisincludedinthisreport(AppendixA)asisamatrixofmunicipalgreeninitiatives(AppendixB).Anonlineclearinghouseiscurrentlyunderdevelopment.Allsurveyparticipantswillbenotifiedofthelaunchoftheclearinghouse,expectedsometimethesummerof2011.Beginninginfallof2011,aseriesofworkshopswillbecollaborativelyplannedandhostedbytheCountyandparticipatingmunicipalities.Theworkshopswillinitiallyfocusonstrategiesandopportunitiesidentifiedthroughthe2011MunicipalGreenInitiativesSurvey.
Areas for Future Community-wide Collaboration and Program Advancement Oneplacewecouldimproveasacommunityistrackingouremissionsasaprecursortosustainabilityplanning.Currently,20percentofmunicipalitieshaveconductedaGHGinventoryfortheirinternaloperations,and16percenthavecompletedacity-wideinventory.ThisisconsistentwiththelevelofparticipationinICLEIreported(about20percent),asconductingaGHGinventoryispartofthefirstmilestoneinICLEI’s“FiveMilestonesforSustainability.”Localgovernmentswhohavealreadyembarkedonthetaskoftrackingtheiremissionscancometogetherwithmunicipalitiesthathaveyettodoso,inordertosharetheirexperienceandadvice.TheCountyhasofferedtrainingsinGHGemissionsinventoryinginthepastandcouldpotentiallypresentadditionaltrainingthroughtheseriesofworkshopsthatwasrequestedinthesurveyresponses.
Whilelocalgovernmentsaresignificantlyincreasingenergyefficiencythroughtechnology,programgoalsandphysicalretrofitsandimprovements,improvementisneededintrackingenergyusage,workingcollaborativelytosavemoneyandmovingtowardenergyindependence.Threemechanismsthathavenotyetbeenfullyemployed,butholdthepotentialforproducingsignificantenergyandmonetarysavingsforlocalgovernments,are:
• Havinganenergymanageronstaff(7percentcurrentlydo)
• Partneringwithothercitiestodoaggregatedprocurementorcollaborativeagreementsofenergycontractsorenergyefficientproducts(15percentdo)
• Establishingalong-termgoalforrenewableenergyproductionaspartofalocalenergyportfolio(lessthan8percenthave)
Thesestrategiesshouldbefurtherexplored,wherepossible,intheBrowardcommunity.
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Incorporatingsustainablebuildingdesignpracticesintotheplanning,constructionandoperationofthebuiltenvironmentisanothertopicworthyofincreasedfocus.TheBrowardcommunityoflocalgovernmentsaremakingprogressinreducingenergydemand,anditsassociatedcosts,butenhancedeffortsareneededtomakethebuiltenvironmentmoreecologicallyandeconomicallysustainable.
Abouthalfofrespondents(45percent)reportedofferingincentivesforgreenconstruction,andmorethanhalf(54percent)arefamiliarwiththenewInternationalGreenConstructionCode(IGCC).Thesetwostepscanprovidethebasisforfutureactionstopromote,influenceandregulatetheprivatesectortoincreasinglyadoptbestmanagementpractices.
Whilegovernmentsarealreadyleadingbyexample–allneworretrofittedpubliclyfinancedbuildingsinFloridamustbeLEEDcertified–Browardcandoevenmoretopositivelyaffectdevelopmentactivitiesinthebroadercommunity.Currently,14percentofrespondentsreportedhavingacommunity-widegoalforLEEDinprivateconstructionandlessthan8percentreportedhavinganenergydemandstandardforsiteplanreview.Thesetwostepshavegreatpotentialforwidespreadadoptionbymunicipalitiesinordertoadvancethecommongoalofcommunity-widesustainabilityandenergyreduction.
Local Government Highlight:CoconutCreekhasestablishedrenewableenergygoalsasacomponentoftheir2009CityGreenPlan.
Theseinclude:
• Achieveaminimumof40percentofenergyusefortheMainStreetProjectAreafromrenewableenergysourcesby2020orbycompletionofdevelopmentinMainStreet.
• Utilizeaminimumof10percentofpublicly-ownedlandforalternativeenergysourcesby2020.
• Increasetheuseofsolarpowerinresidentialareasby40percentby2020.
• ModifytheCity’sNeighborhoodEnhancementGrantProgrammakingrenewableenergyprojectseligibleforapplicationsubmittalwith50percentofallgrantstowardrenewableenergyprojectsby2020.
• Ensure20percentofgrantsreceivedbytheCityareforenergyconservationprojects.
Toviewtheplan,visitwww.creekgov.net/green/city_green_plan.pdf
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Browardmunicipalitiesaremakingsignificantimprovementsintheavailabilityofrecyclingthroughoutthecommunity.Increasedeffortstoreducewasteandenergycanprovidetheadditionalbenefitofmakingourcommunitymoreclimateresilientaswell.Someinnovativeapproaches,currentlybeingemployedandnoteworthyfortheirpotentialtobeexpandedthroughoutthecommunity,aremakingcollectionfleetsmorefuelefficient,implementingarecyclingrewardsprogram(suchasRecycleBank),andreducinggarbagecollectiontoonceaweek(currentlyimplementedby17percent,10percent,and7percentofrespondents,respectively).
Anotheropportunitytoassistinthecommunity’sefforttoreducewaste–(whichisenergyintensiveinitscreation,collection,storageandtreatment)–istoimprovetheefficiencyofprocessingfoodscrapsandyardtrimmings.Currentlynorespondentsreportedhavingacommunity-wideefforttocollectorganicmaterialforcomposting.
Interestingly,LocalFoodSystemsisanissueaddressedby6percentofrespondent’ssustainabilityprograms.Thisaspectofsustainability,whilecommonlyoverlooked,isimportanttoconsiderfortworeasons:thehighlevelofcarbonemissionandfuelcostsassociatedwiththetransportationofnon-localfood,andtheneedtobuildcommunityresiliencyforpossiblesupplychallengesresultingfrom,oraggravatedby,climatechange.Coincidentally,96percentofrespondentsreportedhavingsomelevelofconcernovertheprice/availabilityoffoodasanimpactofclimatechange,with28percentreportingitasanissueofgreatconcern.
Oneofthemostimportantaspectsofasustainablecommunityisclimateresiliency.BrowardCountyanditslocalmunicipalitiesandpartneringagencieshavemadeprogressonbothmitigationandadaptationefforts.Planningforclimatechangeimpactsmustbeginimmediatelyaslocalimpacts,especiallyrelatedtosealevelrise,arealreadyoccurring.ThelatestLightDetectionandRanging(LiDAR)elevationdatashowsthatalmost29percentofBrowardCountyislessthanfivefeetabovesealevel,makingplanningtoadapttocontinuallyrisingseascritical.
Local Government Highlights:
• Hollywoodrecentlypassedacommunity-wideGreenBuildingOrdinancethatcontainsbothLEEDandFGBCprinciples.Theordinancepertainstonewconstructionandmajorrenovationsforbothresidentialandcommercialproperties.
Toviewthecode,lookforMandatorygreenbuildingpractices,§§151.150-151.159,visit:www.amlegal.com/nxt/gateway.dll/Florida/holywood/titlexvlandusage/chapter151buildings?f=templates$fn=document-frame.htm$3.0#JD_151.010
• CoconutCreekhasaCommunity-wideLEEDGoalof50percentofnewconstructionthroughoutthecity,and100percentwithintheMainStreetProjectArea.
• TheTownofDavie’sGreenEnergyandEnvironmentalCommitteeisdevelopingaSouthFloridaGreenBuildingandSustainabilityChecklist.Specifictooursubtropicalclimate,uniquegeologyandhydrology;itwillserveasanonlinetooltobeutilizedduringthebuildingpermitprocess.
TheChecklistincludesprinciplesofsustainabilityandwillserveasabasisfromwhichtoextracttrainingandemploymentopportunities.Itisbeingdevelopedwiththeinputandcollaborationofmanyothermunicipalitiesintheregion.
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Criticalpublicinfrastructure,includingbeaches,roadwaysandespeciallystormwaterdrainagetreatmentandconveyancesystems;havealreadybeguntoshowvulnerabilitiestothecurrentrateofriseofsealevel,extremerainfallandseasonalhightides.Accordingtothesurvey,only3percentto10percentofrespondentshaverecentlymadethefollowinginvestmentsinclimateadaptation:
• EncouragingdevelopmentawayfromCoastalHighHazardAreas(CHHA)
• Raisingroadbeds
• Conductingvulnerabilityanalysis
• Modelingfutureclimatescenarios
Localgovernmentsinthecoastalareascanworkcollaborativelytoaddresssomeoftheseissues.ThroughnewdirectionfromtheStatelegislature(163.3164(1),F.S.),“AdaptationActionAreas”(AAA)maybedesignatedinthecoastalmanagementelementofalocalgovernment’scomprehensiveplantoidentifyareasthatarevulnerabletocoastalfloodingandotherrelatedimpactsofrisingsealevels,forthepurposeofprioritizingfundingforinfrastructureneedsandadaptationplanning.
CoastalcommunitiesthroughoutBrowardandsoutheastFloridashouldconsideropportunitiestousetheAAAdesignationasameansofincorporatingpolicesandbestmanagementpracticesthatwillimprovetheresiliencyofourpopulation,infrastructureandnaturalsystemsfromtheimpactsofclimatechange.
Conclusion
The2011MunicipalGreenInitiativesSurveyprovidedanopportunitytobeginadialoguewithenergyandsustainabilitymanagersthroughouttheBrowardcommunity.Collectively,localgovernmentshavetakensignificantstridesandhaveabroadexperiencewithvariousaspectsforplanningandimplementingenergyconservationmeasuresandsustainabilityinitiatives.
Followingtherecommendationfromthesurvey,BrowardCounty’sEnergyandSustainabilityProgramwillworkcollaborativelywithits31municipalitiestoorganizeworkshopstoshareinformation,lessonslearnedandnewideasformakingthiscommunityanevenmoreenergyefficientandsustainableplacetolive.
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Formoreinformation,contacttheBrowardCountyEnergy&SustainabilityProgram
Broward County Environmental Protectionand Growth Management Department
Natural Resources Planning and Management DivisionOneNorthUniversityDrivePlantation,FL33324-2038
954-519-1270
www.broward.org/NaturalResources
www.broward.org/gogreen
Acknowledgement:“ThismaterialisbaseduponworksupportedbytheU.S.DepartmentofEnergyandtheFloridaEnergyandClimateCommissionunder
AwardNumberDE-E0000800.”
Disclaimer:“ThisreportwaspreparedasanaccountofworksponsoredbyanagencyoftheUnitedStatesGovernment.NeithertheUnitedStatesGovernmentnoranyagency thereof,noranyof theiremployees,noranyof theircontractors,subcontractorsor theiremployees,makesanywarranty,expressorimplied,orassumesanylegalliabilityorresponsibilityfortheaccuracy,completeness,oranythirdparty’suseor theresultsofsuchuseofany information,apparatus,product,orprocessdisclosed,orrepresents that itsusewouldnot infringeprivatelyownedrights.Referencehereintoanyspecificcommercialproduct,process,orservicebytradename,trademark,manufacturer,orotherwise,doesnotnecessarilyconstituteorimplyitsendorsement,recommendation,orfavoringbytheUnitedStatesGovernmentoranyagencythereoforitscontractorsorsubcontractors.TheviewsandopinionsofauthorsexpressedhereindonotnecessarilystateorreflectthoseoftheUnitedStatesGovernmentoranyagencythereof.”