SUSTAINABILITY Energy and Water. Contents Sustainability What is energy? Why save energy? Fossil fuels Nuclear energy Energy from Water Wind Energy Solar.

SUSTAINABILITY

Energy and Water

Contents•Sustainability

•What is energy?•Why save energy?

•Fossil fuels•Nuclear energy

•Energy from Water•Wind Energy•Solar energy

•Insulation•Lights

•Windows•Double Glazing•Coloured roofs

•Plants•What is water?

•Why save water?•Taps

•Toilets•Showers

•Rainwater tanks•Glossary

Sustainability• Sustainability means to be able to keep on going forever.• We need to be more sustainable with water because we are

in a drought that means we do not have much water in our reservoirs.

• We need to be more sustainable with energy because we are using too much energy. If we keep on doing this we will not have any more energy. We need to use more energy sources that can keep going forever and don’t pollute like solar power and wind energy.

If we can save water and energy our world would be a nice place. It would look pretty and would be environmentally friendly.

We can always have enough water and energy for everyone if we put our mind to it.

What is energy• Energy is force that makes things work .It can’t be destroyed or

made. Some types of energy are wind energy, solar energy, heat energy, body energy and movement energy.

• We use energy for lots of different things. Computers lights and DS all use electric energy.

• Cars, planes, and boats all use petrol energy.• When we make energy it sometimes makes lots of pollution to the

Earth. But some don’t make pollution like wind power and solar panels.

Why save energy?

We should save energy because we pay for the bill.

Also we should save energy because if we use to much energy it will cause pollution.

Fossil fuels

. Some fossil fuels are coal, gas and oil. You have to burn it and then it will create energy. When it

burns it also creates pollution which is bad for the environment. We are using coal, gas, oil, much

faster than they are naturally produced.

Fossil fuels are not sustainable.They are called fossil fuels

because they are made of things that have been underground for

millions of years

Nuclear energy• A rock people dig up is called uranium

it is poisonous to people. • It has lots of energy in side it-people

can make it in to bombs!• It has lots of energy so people can use

it for energy, and it doesn’t make pollution in the air because you don’t burn it.

• when it has being used it makes more poison that it has to be buried.

Energy from water

• Water makes energy by spinning around a turbine . This is called HYDROELECTRICITY. The water goes very fast in the turbine making energy. The energy gets stored in a generator for us to use.

• Places with big rivers can make hydroelectricity.

Wind energyWind is movement of air so it has

lots of energy. Wind can blow things over. Wind can also change the weather. Wind can make a tornado. THATS A

LOTS OF ENERGY. Humans can use wind energy from

propellers on windmills. Wind turbines turn wind energy into

electricity.

SOLAR ENERGY

Solar energy is energy from the sun.You can use solar energy to heat the

water. -Silver roofs reflect heat . Some machines use solar energy. The more solar machines we use the

more solar energy we use. Solar energy does not pollute, so it

saves the environment .

INSULATION

Insulation blocks the wind and the heat and keeps the heat out in summer and cold in winter.

Insulation goes in the walls and the roof.

Insulation goes in the walls and the roof when the house is being built.

It is soft and furry and thick.

Lights

Light shines very bright, so we can see in the dark.

To save energy you need to get energy saving lights globes.

They only use a little bit of energy. When you are not in the room you always should

turn off the lights.

WindowsWindows get the most sun when they face the north. If you have big windows you get lots of heat and light. In winter its good, but in summer awnings on the out side of the

window stop the sun.

If you have grapevines it will keep the window cool in summer because the leaves

will shade the house in summer and the leaves will fall off in winter.

Double glazing

Double glazing is a type of window that has two glass which is called panes. Double glazing keeps the heat in and the cool out. The glass on the outside protects

the window on the inside from the cold and the heat.

Coloured roofs White is a colour that reflects the

heat. Dark colours absorb the heat

Some people’s houses are designed to absorb the heat in the cold by having black roofs. In hot places,

they should have white or light colour roofs to be kept cool.

Plants•Plants can keep your house cool in summer. •Plants are good for the environment because

they give us oxygen. •You can grow your own plants to eat.

•You can get plants that you do not have to water like cactuses or some native grasses.

•We save water by putting a bucket under the water taps and you water plants with it in

summer.•You can also put drink bottles in your plants so you do not have to water them and it does not

evaporate.

What is water

• Water can be vapour, gas and liquid. All living things need water to survive. Water is the most abundant substance on the surface of the earth. Water is a liquid when it is warmer than zero degrees Celsius but cooler than100 degrees Celsius.

Why save waterIf we didn’t have water we wouldn’t survive. Our water comes from the reservoir . You can drink water. We

should try really hard to save our waterbecause we are in a drought. A drought is where we don’t have much water in

our dam because we’re using too much and we’re not getting enough rain.

TAPSWater saving taps can use two milk

cartons per minute, but a normal tap would use 5. Turn off the tap

when you clean your teeth. If your leave the tap running

You waste a lot of water.

TOILETSDon’t flush the toilets when you don’t

need to.You can also buy half flush it only

uses half the amount of water. You can save a lot of water. You use 50 litres a day just by flushing the toilet. If you have an old toilet you can put in a brick so the tank does not have as much water.

Showers

•Water saving showers heads save water.

•3 minute showers saves water.

• You might even have a shower every two days instead of every day.

RAIN WATER TANKS

• Some water tanks can hold 10,000 liters of water. If you have rainwater tanks you can save lots of water. If you have a water tank the rain should go on the roof into the gutter down the pipe and into the tank. Tanks can save water for people to use around the house. Rainwater tanks can save water for the plants to drink.

GlossaryAbundant means a lot.Absorb – means take something inAwnings are an type of curtain on the out side of the window.Designed- when you are going to do some thing you plan it first. Destroyed – means some thing is wrecked or broken. Environment means nature –places where plants and animals live. Evaporate – when water rises up into the sky as steam. Gutter means a silver thing that runs along the edge of your roof and collects

the rainHalf-flush – half the amount of water is used to flush.HYDROELECTRICITY-it is energy from water. Insulation is something that blocks the heat and cold.Light globes they are like a ball that you can twist in and they makes light. Movement is when something isn’t stillPanes are the pieces of glass in the windowPollution-it is rubbish and waste that people make that destroys the

environment. Reservoir is a place that collects water that we can use to drink, wash our

selves in and water plants.Saving – Not use as much.Showers heads-This is where the water comes out of a shower. Uranium-a type of powerful rock we dig up.