SUDS Research Dr Martin Mansell School of Engineering and Science University of Paisley.

SUDS Research

Dr Martin MansellSchool of Engineering and Science

University of Paisley

Current Research

• Frequent Storm Storage Unit

• Water Balance of Paved Surfaces

Frequent Storm Storage Treatment Unit Plan

HIGH LEVELOVERFLOW PIPE

150MM DIA PERFORATED PIPE

45 DEGREE BENDS

COURSE SAND / GRAVELFILTER MATERIAL

PRE FORMED PLASTIC VOID FORMER1000x400x500

TERRAM 3000 GEOTEXTILE

FINE SAND FILTER MATERIAL 1200x1200 BRICK MANHOLE

OUTGOING PIPE 450MM DIA

1200MM DIA CATCHPIT 1200MM DIA MANHOLE

1000x400x500

PRE FORMED PLASTIC VOID FORMER

COURSE SAND / GRAVELFILTER MATERIAL

TERRAM 3000 GEOTEXTILE

150MM DIA PERFORATED PIPE

FINE SAND FILTER MATERIAL

1200x1200 BRICK MANHOLE

500 1000 500 1000 1200 1000 1000500 500

600

150

150

300

500

300

EGL

(INCOMING PIPES)

150MM DIA SW PIPE(OUTGOING PIPE)

CONNECTING PIPE

void formers

10mm gravel

sand

porous pipes

geotextile membrane

central chamber

area for 2D modelling

Frequent Storm Storage Treatment Unit Section

HIGH LEVELOVERFLOW PIPE

150MM DIA PERFORATED PIPE

45 DEGREE BENDS

COURSE SAND / GRAVELFILTER MATERIAL

PRE FORMED PLASTIC VOID FORMER1000x400x500

TERRAM 3000 GEOTEXTILE

FINE SAND FILTER MATERIAL 1200x1200 BRICK MANHOLE

OUTGOING PIPE 450MM DIA

1200MM DIA CATCHPIT 1200MM DIA MANHOLE

1000x400x500

PRE FORMED PLASTIC VOID FORMER

COURSE SAND / GRAVELFILTER MATERIAL

TERRAM 3000 GEOTEXTILE

150MM DIA PERFORATED PIPE

FINE SAND FILTER MATERIAL

1200x1200 BRICK MANHOLE

500 1000 500 1000 1200 1000 1000500 500

600

150

150

300

500

300

EGL

(INCOMING PIPES)

150MM DIA SW PIPE(OUTGOING PIPE)

CONNECTING PIPE

Storage Unit Rig

Water Levels in Tank

run 30/08 inflow 2.65l/s

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3

distance from outlet (m)

manom

ter

level (

cm

) 1.5

2.5

3.5

6.5

15.5

31.5

120.0

263.0

390.0

time (mins)

Water Levels in Sand and Gravel

water level run 30/08

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400mins.

man

omet

er le

vel (

cm)

0.00

0.40

0.80

1.20

1.60

2.00

2.40

2.80

inlo

w (

l./se

c.)

sandgravelInflow

Water Quality Results

Location Time(mins.)

pH Sus. solids (mg/L)

BOD (mg/L)

COD(mg/L)

inlet 1.7 4.77 59 15 47

inlet 3.8 4.88 50 234 386

outlet 9.9 3.59 11 71 126

outlet 55 3.62 2.8 < 3 <10

outlet 239 3.59 2.4 < 3 <10

Metal Concentration

metal concentration

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

Al Ba Ca Co Cu Fe K Mg Mn Na Ni S Si Sr Zn

con

cen

trat

ion

(m

g/l)

average inlet

average outlet

Salt Concentration

Outflow

0.000

0.020

0.040

0.060

0.080

0.100

0.120

0 100 200 300 400 500mins.

Out

flow

(l/s

ec)

and

Mas

s F

low

(g/

sec.

)

0.00

0.80

1.60

2.40

3.20

4.00

4.80

Sal

t C

once

ntra

tion

(g/l)

mass flow obs outflow salt conc

Issues to be Resolved

• Sediment in pipe

Issues to be Resolved

• Loss of Voids• Treatment Efficiency (esp metals)• Groundwater interaction• Surcharging• Long term Maintenance

Water Balance Principles

Depression storage

S

Infiltration

I

Paved surface

Soil

Filter Drain

Runoff

R

Evaporation

E

Precipitation

P

infiltrationjoint flow

c) Rough relief surface

E

I

RMC(%)

MC(%)

b) Medium relief surface

E

I

MC(%)

Depth

Infiltration

MC(%)

Depth

Evaporation

MC(%)

MC(%)

Depth

Infiltration and Evaporation profile for different surface types

a) Smooth relief surface

E

I

R

Surface Texture

Infiltration

EvaporationPrecipitationRunoff

Brick weighing to measure the infiltrated water

Cross section of brick slab investigated

Measurement of Water Balance under Field Conditions

5 Slabs under Field Conditions

Brick, Concrete, Asphalt slabs

Weather Station

Rainfall raingauge Runoff gauge Respective cubes

Water Balance Model

Q1

Q2

S2S2max

Infiltration (I)

Precipitation (P)Evaporation (E)

Runoff (R)

S1S1max

Joint Flow (J)Q1

Cross section of paved surface

Water Balance Model

Infiltration and Storage

-1.0

-0.5

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180

hours

flow

mm

/hr

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

4.5

5.0

sto

rag

e m

m

Infiltration

rainfall

Storage S1

Water Balance Model

Runoff

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175

hours

runo

ff (m

m/h

r)

runoff model

observed runoff