Stress Management Presentation Final

STRESS MANAGEMENTSTRESS MANAGEMENTININ

Presented by Dr. Zeb-un-Nisa Akhtar

Pathologist , AWC

By

STRATEGIC ORGANIZATIONS

OutlineOutline

Introduction to Types of StressIntroduction to Types of Stress Research of Work Stress in Strategic Research of Work Stress in Strategic

OrganizationsOrganizations Management of Work Stress in Management of Work Stress in

Strategic OrganizationsStrategic Organizations Case studyCase study ConclusionConclusion

What is Stress?What is Stress?

Stress is derived from the Latin word Stress is derived from the Latin word Stingere “which means bind tightly”.Stingere “which means bind tightly”.

Stress is defined as” Adverse Stress is defined as” Adverse reaction people have to excessive reaction people have to excessive pressures or other types of demands pressures or other types of demands placed upon them when they worry placed upon them when they worry they can’t cope.they can’t cope.

Work StressWork Stress

Work stress is the response people Work stress is the response people may have when presented with work may have when presented with work demands and pressures that are not demands and pressures that are not matched to their knowledge and matched to their knowledge and abilities and which challenge their abilities and which challenge their abilities to cope. abilities to cope.

Positive Stress or EustressPositive Stress or Eustress

1. Positive stress1. Positive stress

2. Negative stress2. Negative stress

Positive Stress or EustressPositive Stress or Eustress

Positive stress or Eustress results when Positive stress or Eustress results when positive things happen to uspositive things happen to us

Keeps you on toes during a presentation Keeps you on toes during a presentation at work at work

Sharpens your concentration when you Sharpens your concentration when you are attempting the game winning are attempting the game winning through.through.

Derives you to study for an exam when Derives you to study for an exam when you’d rather be watching TV.you’d rather be watching TV.

Negative StressNegative Stress

Beyond a certain point stress starts Beyond a certain point stress starts causing major damage to your causing major damage to your • HealthHealth• MoodMood• ProductivityProductivity• RelationshipsRelationships• Quality of life Quality of life

Negative StressNegative Stress

Excessive, prolonged and unrelieved Excessive, prolonged and unrelieved stress can have harmful stress can have harmful

Effect on physical, mental and spiritual Effect on physical, mental and spiritual health. health.

Physiology of Stress - Flight or Physiology of Stress - Flight or FightFight

Excessive, prolonged and unrelieved stress can Excessive, prolonged and unrelieved stress can Flight or fight response “or “stress response” is our Flight or fight response “or “stress response” is our body’s sympathetic nervous system reacting to a body’s sympathetic nervous system reacting to a stressful event.stressful event.

The extra rush of adrenaline released during The extra rush of adrenaline released during “acute stress” gives us a needed burst of speed “acute stress” gives us a needed burst of speed when we flee from danger or an extra surge of when we flee from danger or an extra surge of power when we stand and fight. power when we stand and fight.

Stress Sign and SymptomsStress Sign and Symptoms

Physical Physical SymptomsSymptoms• Aches , pain, Aches , pain,

headacheheadache• Nausea, Diarrhea or Nausea, Diarrhea or

constipationconstipation• Chest pain, high Chest pain, high

blood pressureblood pressure• A tendency to sweatA tendency to sweat• Frequent coldsFrequent colds• NervousnessNervousness

Cognitive Cognitive SymptomsSymptoms• Memory problems.Memory problems.• Inability to Inability to

concentrateconcentrate• Seeing only the Seeing only the

negative.negative.• Constant WorryingConstant Worrying

Stress Sign and SymptomsStress Sign and Symptoms

Emotional Emotional SymptomsSymptoms• Moodiness, anger, Moodiness, anger,

anxiety.anxiety.• Depression or Depression or

general unhappiness.general unhappiness.• Irritability or short Irritability or short

temper.temper.• Feeling of insecurity.Feeling of insecurity.• Sense of loneliness Sense of loneliness

and isolation.and isolation.

Behavioral Behavioral SymptomsSymptoms• Eating more or less.Eating more or less.• Sleeping too much or Sleeping too much or

too less.too less.• Isolating yourself Isolating yourself

from others.from others.• Neglecting Neglecting

responsibilities.responsibilities.• Using alcohols, Using alcohols,

cigarettes or drugs to cigarettes or drugs to relax.relax.

Stress Sign and SymptomsStress Sign and Symptoms

Causes of StressCauses of Stress

JobJobi. Workload and Workplacei. Workload and Workplace

Heavy work loadHeavy work load Working under time pressuresWorking under time pressures Too little to workToo little to work

ii. Job Contentsii. Job Contents Monotonous and meaningless tasks Monotonous and meaningless tasks Risk and dangerRisk and danger Long travelsLong travels New technologyNew technology

Causes of StressCauses of Stress

JobJobiii. Working Hoursiii. Working Hours

Strict and inflexible working schedulesStrict and inflexible working schedules Long and unsocial hoursLong and unsocial hours Badly designed shift systemBadly designed shift system

•iv. Work Environment and Equipmentiv. Work Environment and Equipment Problem regarding the availability, maintenance Problem regarding the availability, maintenance

and repair of equipment. and repair of equipment.

High noise levels.High noise levels. Extremes of temperature.Extremes of temperature. Inappropriate lighting in surrounding environmentInappropriate lighting in surrounding environment

Causes of StressCauses of Stress

Role in OrganizationRole in Organization• Role ambiguityRole ambiguity• Role conflictRole conflict• Responsibility for peopleResponsibility for people• Constantly dealing with other people Constantly dealing with other people

and their problemsand their problems

Causes of StressCauses of Stress

Work RelationshipsWork Relationships• Inconsiderate or unsupportive Inconsiderate or unsupportive

supervision.supervision. Poor relationship with colleagues.Poor relationship with colleagues. Bullying, harassment and violenceBullying, harassment and violence No agreed procedure for dealing with No agreed procedure for dealing with

problems or complaints.problems or complaints. Lack of social support.Lack of social support.

Causes of StressCauses of Stress

Career DevelopmentCareer Development• Lack of job securityLack of job security• Under promotion or over promotionUnder promotion or over promotion• Unfair performance appraisal system. Unfair performance appraisal system. • knowledge and skills becoming obsolete. knowledge and skills becoming obsolete.

• Being over skilled and under skilled for Being over skilled and under skilled for

the job.the job.

Causes of StressCauses of Stress

Organizational Culture and ClimateOrganizational Culture and Climate• Undue restrictions on individual behaviorUndue restrictions on individual behavior• A sense of not belongingA sense of not belonging• Poor communication and LeadershipPoor communication and Leadership• Unclear organizational objectivesUnclear organizational objectives• Low support for problem solving Low support for problem solving • Lack of adequate opportunities in decision Lack of adequate opportunities in decision

makingmaking• Insufficient recognition of professional skills Insufficient recognition of professional skills

and trainingand training

Research On Stress Research On Stress Management in Strategic Management in Strategic OrganizationsOrganizations

A research on stress management in A research on stress management in strategic organization has conducted strategic organization has conducted to find out the to find out the • Percentage of employees suffering from Percentage of employees suffering from

stress.stress.• Level of stress in employees of strategic Level of stress in employees of strategic

organizations. organizations. Research InstrumentResearch Instrument

• Questionnaire on “Stress management Questionnaire on “Stress management survey in strategic organizations”.survey in strategic organizations”.

Research On Stress Research On Stress Management in Strategic Management in Strategic OrganizationsOrganizations

Study PopulationStudy Population• 100 employees of different strategic 100 employees of different strategic

organizationsorganizations• Officers and staff (Male and female)Officers and staff (Male and female)

Strategic OrganizationsStrategic Organizations• NESCOM, PAEC, KRL, AWC, PMO, NDC, NESCOM, PAEC, KRL, AWC, PMO, NDC,

PINSTECH, ACL, KANUPP, SUPARCO, PINSTECH, ACL, KANUPP, SUPARCO, PNRA, PIEAS, NILORE, NORI.PNRA, PIEAS, NILORE, NORI.

Research On Stress Management Research On Stress Management in Strategic Organizationsin Strategic Organizations

Group A Group A

ScoreScore

(34-55)(34-55)

Group BGroup B

Score Score

(56-75)(56-75)

Group CGroup C

Score Score

(76-100) (76-100) Severe StressSevere Stress

- Injurious to health- Injurious to health

- Unable to manage- Unable to manage

their stress.their stress.

- Seek professional - Seek professional

adviceadvice

- Make changes in - Make changes in

career and lifestyle.career and lifestyle.

Moderate StressModerate Stress - Appear to be - Appear to be

conscious of stress.conscious of stress.

- Could still manage it- Could still manage it

better.better.

- Seek organization - Seek organization

help in managing help in managing

stress.stress.

Mild or No StressMild or No Stress - Appear good in - Appear good in

managing their managing their

stress.stress.

- Organization appear - Organization appear

to be supportive into be supportive in

managing their managing their

stress.stress.

Result/Findings:Maximum possible Score: 100

Minimum possible Score: 34

Research On Stress Management Research On Stress Management in Strategic Organizationsin Strategic Organizations

Organizational Strategies to Organizational Strategies to Manage Work StressManage Work Stress

Identify Main Sources of Work StressIdentify Main Sources of Work Stress• Implement measures to prevent sense of stressImplement measures to prevent sense of stress

Equal Opportunity Policy Equal Opportunity Policy • Effective recruitment policy and selection on Effective recruitment policy and selection on

meritmerit• Right person for the right jobRight person for the right job• Effective training policy and equal opportunities Effective training policy and equal opportunities

for trainingfor training• Avoid unjustified distribution of perks and Avoid unjustified distribution of perks and

privilegesprivileges• Avoid unequal distribution of work loadAvoid unequal distribution of work load

Organizational Strategies to Organizational Strategies to Manage Work StressManage Work Stress

Awareness and Education about StressAwareness and Education about Stress• Stress management training Stress management training • Classes on relaxation techniques, time Classes on relaxation techniques, time

management, assertiveness and exercisemanagement, assertiveness and exercise• Improve manager’s attitude towards dealing with Improve manager’s attitude towards dealing with

work stresswork stress• Organizational support mechanism to manage Organizational support mechanism to manage

stressstress• Services of psychologist in hospitals of strategic Services of psychologist in hospitals of strategic

organizationsorganizations Fair Promotion SystemFair Promotion System

• Promotion on merit.Promotion on merit.

Organizational Strategies to Organizational Strategies to Manage Work StressManage Work Stress

Fair Promotion SystemFair Promotion System• Promotion on meritPromotion on merit

Good Physical Working ConditionGood Physical Working Condition• Choice and individualization of work Choice and individualization of work

spacespace• Improve equipment used at workImprove equipment used at work• Taking account of space, noise, Taking account of space, noise,

ventilation design etcventilation design etc

Organizational Strategies to Organizational Strategies to Manage Work StressManage Work Stress

Reward and RecognitionReward and Recognition• Commendation certificateCommendation certificate• HonorariumHonorarium• Employee of the week or monthEmployee of the week or month

Promotion of Organizational CulturePromotion of Organizational Culture• Encourage team work and cooperation Encourage team work and cooperation

by providing common roomsby providing common rooms• Arrange social gatheringsArrange social gatherings

Organizational Strategies to Organizational Strategies to Manage Work StressManage Work Stress

Delegation of PowersDelegation of Powers• Improve employees control over workImprove employees control over work• Introduce flexible timing, job sharing etcIntroduce flexible timing, job sharing etc• Participation in decision makingParticipation in decision making

Leave for Rest and RecreationLeave for Rest and Recreation• Allocate leave for rest and recreation for once in Allocate leave for rest and recreation for once in

a yeara year Free Medical Treatment to Employee’s Free Medical Treatment to Employee’s

ParentsParents• Leading cause of stress in strategic Leading cause of stress in strategic

organizationsorganizations

Individual Strategies For Managing Individual Strategies For Managing Work StressWork Stress

6. BREAK BAD HABITS

a) Resist Perfectionism b) Get organized c) Avoid negative thinking d) Don’t try to control the uncontrollable e) Take time away

5. IMPROVE EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE

a) Realize when you are stressed

b) Stay connected to your emotional experience c) Recognize and effectively use non- verbal clues d) Develop the capacity to meet challenge with humor e) Resolve conflicts positively

4. TASK MANAGEMENT

a) Priortize tasks b) Break project into small steps c) Delegate responsibilities d) Be willing to compromise

3.TIME MANAGEMENT a) Create a balanced schedule b) Don't over-commit your-self c) Try to leave earlier in morning d) Plan regular breaks

2. TAKING CARE OF YOUR-SELF a) Regular exercise

b) Eat healthy and balanced diet c) Avoid cigarette smoking and alcohol d) Get enough sleep

1. RECOGNIZE WARNING SIGNS

OF EXCESSIVE STRESS

Case StudyCase Study

ScenarioScenario• Mr A, a foreman in the machine shop of Mr A, a foreman in the machine shop of

strategic organization. strategic organization. • Friendly relationship with boss Mr B and Friendly relationship with boss Mr B and

colleaguescolleagues• Working hours eight hours daily for five days a Working hours eight hours daily for five days a

weekweek• Enjoyed his job most of the timeEnjoyed his job most of the time

Recently a change in dutyRecently a change in duty Additional evening duties on SundaysAdditional evening duties on Sundays Shortage of staff due to earned leave to 4 employees.Shortage of staff due to earned leave to 4 employees.

Case StudyCase Study

CausesCauses• Additional working hours directly effects Additional working hours directly effects

Mr. A.Mr. A.• Evening duty on weekend effects his Evening duty on weekend effects his

family life and time for rest and family life and time for rest and recreation.recreation.

• Mr B, is not aware of Mr A’s feelings and Mr B, is not aware of Mr A’s feelings and anxiety.anxiety.

• Lack of communication between Mr A Lack of communication between Mr A and his boss.and his boss.

Case StudyCase Study

Effects on Mr AEffects on Mr A• Change in temperament of Mr. AChange in temperament of Mr. A• Sad, anxious and depressedSad, anxious and depressed• Lack of energy during the work dayLack of energy during the work day• Agitated in his dealing with colleagues.Agitated in his dealing with colleagues.• Commits mistakes while performing Commits mistakes while performing

duties.duties.• Difficulty in sleeping.Difficulty in sleeping.

Case StudyCase Study

REMEDYREMEDY Good communication and face to face discussions Good communication and face to face discussions

with employerwith employer The employers must consider the justified and The employers must consider the justified and

equalsharing of work load among their sub-equalsharing of work load among their sub-ordinates. ordinates.

The employee should feel free to discuss any The employee should feel free to discuss any stressful situation with their superiors. stressful situation with their superiors.

The work load of extra duties should be shared The work load of extra duties should be shared among other workers of department so that these among other workers of department so that these duties only come fortnightly or once in a month. duties only come fortnightly or once in a month.

Employees should be consulted before assigning Employees should be consulted before assigning them extra duties.them extra duties.

ConclusionsConclusions

• One fourth employees of strategic One fourth employees of strategic organizations are suffering from severe organizations are suffering from severe stress.stress.

• One third employees are suffering from One third employees are suffering from moderate stress.moderate stress.

• Not able to manage their stress.Not able to manage their stress.• Organization’s best interest to keep Organization’s best interest to keep

work stress to minimum.work stress to minimum.• Develop organizational and individual Develop organizational and individual

strategies to manage work stress.strategies to manage work stress.

ConclusionsConclusions

• Identification and elimination of main Identification and elimination of main causes of stress.causes of stress.

• An effective health promotion stress An effective health promotion stress management policy.management policy.

• Healthy stress free employees mean Healthy stress free employees mean healthy organizationshealthy organizations

Thank You!!!Thank You!!!