Sthoulya in ayurveda

Dr M. Paramkussh RauM.D.(D.G),Ph.D.

P.G.Professor& H.O.D.Department of Dravyaguna

S.V.Ayurvedic college,Tirupati,Andhra pradesh

ByDr K.RAGHU RAMUDU,

2 nd year P.G Scholar,Department of Dravyaguna,

S.V.Ayurvedic college,Tirupati,Andhra pradesh.

A REVIEW STUDY ON ADVANCE RESEARCHES OF MEDHO HARA

AYURVEDIC DRUGS

INTRODUCTION

Obesity is a penalty of the modern era, the world wide latest report on prevalence of obesity according to W.H.O states that around 250 million cases of obesity are being reported every year. Many medical research institutions are making efforts to find out a reliable remedy for this burning problem, so many modern medicines are find out for treatment of obesity. They give damaging side effects. This failure made the people to look anxiously towards the Ayurveda for better management.

Medodhatu

Poshaka Poshya(Mobile in nature) ( Immobile in nature)

Which is circulated in whole body Which is stored in MedodharakalaAlong with gatiyukta Rasa-rakta dhatu in its sites. i.e Udara,Sphik andFor nourishing the poshya meda dhatu Stana

According to modern science, it can be According to modern science, itCorrelated with Cholesterol and Lipids can be correlated with AdiposeWhich are present in circulating blood. tissues/fat

Cyperus rotundus Linn. (Musta)The study with Cyperus rotundus on the

obese patients clearly indicates that this drug definitely helps in the reduction of weight in the obese subjects

It was also observed that this drug decreased the blood pressure of hypertensive obese and brought it to normal level, where as no changes were observed in normotensive subjects.

The probable mechanism may be by either suppressing an appetite centre in the brain or affecting the carbohydrate metabolism.

(Bambhole VD and Jiddewar GC,1984, Evaluation of Cyperus rotundus in the management of obesity and blood pressure in human subjects, Nagarjun, 27(5), 110-113.).

While experimenting on clinical action of various medicinal herbs, it was observed that tribals in Western Ghats never suffered from obesity. They use tubers of Cyperus rotundus in their food and it was found that the herb reduces fat.

The herb showed no side-effects, nor it revealed any toxicity in animal experiments. Bambhole, 1988, found in animal studies that water and alcoholic extracts of Cyperus rotundus exhibited lipolytic action to mobilize fat from adipose tissues and helped in the reduction of obesity.

Curcuma longa Linn. (Haridra) :

Curcuma longa's derivative curcumin, besides lowering serum cholesterol and blood sugar level; also acts as anti-oxidant to scavange serum peroxides to prevent atherosclerotic changes.

(Soni KB et al, 1992, Indian J Physiol and Phannacol, 32, 273-275; Shinde S and Rao SS, 1991, Indian JPharmacol 23,31.)

as well as the 12-lipoxygenase & cyclooxygenase activities in human platelets. In a cell-free peroxidation system curcumin exerted strong antioxidative activity.

(Ammon HPT et al. Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences,Tubingen, Germany, 1993, Journal of Ethnopharniacology, v38(2-3), 113-119.)

Curcumin from Curcuma longa inhibited

the 5-lipoxygenase activity in rat peritoneal

neutrophils

The turmeric anti-oxidant protein (TAP) has been isolated from the aqueous extract. The protein showed a concentration inhibitory effect on the promoter-induced lipid peroxidation.

(Selvarn R et al, 1995,J Ethnopharmocology,. v47(2), 59-67.)

Mechanism of antioxidant activity of curcumin was discussed during 207th National meeting of the American Society held in March 1994 in San Diego, California. According to an Anglo-American team, curcumin, isolated from turmeric, proved an excellent scavanger, continuously removing damaging radicals. (Burke M, curcumin's duel defence against disease. Chemistry & Industry, 8,289.)

Allium cepa Linn. (Palandu) :

Besides influencing the lipid metabolism onion prevent atherosclerosis and isoprenaline induced myocardial necrosis. (Kumar A et al, 1979, Indian J Pharmacol, 11,61; Saxena KK et al, 1980, Indian J Physiol and Pharmacol, 24, 233.)

Continuous consumption of onion for 5 months (80 g daily) decreased serum cholesterol below normal in healthy humans. (Indian Med Gaz, 1977, III, 378.)

Addition of onion in the breakfast of 5 male volunteers significantly reduced serum cholesterol, checked rise in serum triglycerides, B-lipoprotein and phospholipids and increased clotting time and fibrinolytic activity.

( J Asso Physicians India, 1979,27,79.)

Dr Radhkrishnan N, Principal of Trivandrum Medical College, and Dr Madhavan Kutty K have established in 1988 after seven years of research that to get rid of the disorders due to coronary disease or blood pressure, 100 g of onion should be taken per day. This will assist the functioning of the heart by correcting thrombosis besides reducing cholesterol.

(Cf Herbs that heal, Bakhru HK, 1992, 134.)

Fibers from the outer skin of onion lowered total lipids, total cholesterol and glyceride levels of plasma and tissues in rats. The fibers from onion skin are potently anti-atherogenic, as evidenced by increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol/low-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio .

(Vadhera S et al, 1995, Hypocholesterolemic/hypolipidemic effect of dietary fibres of outer skin of garlic and onion. Journal of Food Science and

Technology, v 32(1), 62-64.)

Onion can be used as a hypocholesteraemic agent both as a preventive and as a therapeutic measure. Onion produces a sustained hypocholesteraemic and fibrinolytic enhancing effect on a long-term basis in experimentally-induced hyper cholesteraemia in rabbits. In induced alimentary lipaemia in man, onion raw or boiled, prevents the rise in serum cholesterol. The effect is evident on taking onion after 2 hours of taking a fatty meal.

(Sharma et al, 1975, India J Med Res, 63, 1629; Indian} Nutr Dietet, 12,288, 388. CfWealdi of India, Vol I rev. 1985, 178.)

Allium sativum Linn. (Lasuna) :

Besides influencing the lipid metabolism garlic prevent atherosclerosis and isoprenaline induced myocardial necrosis.

(Kumar A et al, 1979, Indian J Pharmacol, 11,61; Saxena KK et al, 1980, Indian J Physiol and Pharmacol, 24, 233.)

Addition of garlic in the breakfast of 5 male volunteers significantly reduced serum cholesterol, checked rise in serum triglycerides, B-lipoprotein and phospholipids and increased clotting time and fibrinolytic activity.

( J Asso Physicians India, 1979,27,79.)

Fibers from the outer skin of garlic lowered total lipids, total cholesterol and glyceride levels of plasma and tissues in rats. The effect was prominent in case of garlic skin fibers..

(Vadhera S et al, 1995, Hypo cholesterolemic / hypolipidemic effect of dietary fibres of outer skin of garlic and onion. Journal of Food Science and Technology, v 32(1), 62-64.)

Supplementation of garlic to cholesterol-fed rabbits revealed significant lower levels of total, free, ester cholesterol and phospholipids resulting in a lower degree of atherosclerosis. The hypolipidemic activity of garlic is supposed to be brought about by the increased excretion of cholesterol end-products in the faeces, and by the diminished endogenous synthesis of cholesterol.

(Jain, 1976, Indian J Med Res,64, 1509; Bordiaet al, 1974, J Assoc Physns India, 22, 267; Sharma et al, 1976, Indian J Nutr Dietet, 13, 7. Cf Wealth of

India, rev Vol 1, 1985, 184-185.)

Saussurea lappa C B Clarke (Kushta) :

A study on hypolipidaemic activity of Saussurea lappa was undertaken by Upadhyay OP et al, on 27 rabbits of either sex (wt. 2.5 to 3.0 kg).

The dietary hyperlipidaemia was produced by cholesterol feeding for 4 weeks. The drug response was evaluated on biochemical parameters and histopathological study of heart and liver tissues. The aqueous extract of Saussurea lappa –was administered orally (2g/Kg body -weight) and the effect –was compared with a known hypolipidaemic agent Clofibrate (200mg/kg body weight).

Apart from this, atherogenic plague, portal vein congestion along -with fatty changes were noted in rabbits of control and Clofibrate treated groups, whereas this effect had almost disappeared in the animals treated with . Saussurea lappa

(Upadhyay OP et al, 1994, Journal of Res Ayur Siddha, Vol XV, 1-2, 52-63.).

CONCLUSION:

Scholars like Padmabhushan Dr B M Hegde are repeatedly saying that not to use chemical drugs frequently contemporary researches are clearly proving that every carcinoma is associated with chemicals.

Obesity has became an entity to be alert with the chemical drugs introduce obesity are causing severe problems therefore it will be safer side for humanity to promote the medho hara drugs mentioned in ayurveda Guggulu stands for first in this category drugs like Musta, Kusta, Haridra, Palandu, Lasuna are showing encouraging at laboratory levels we have all freedom offered by ayurveda heritage to use such drugs clinically un like our counterparts.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I am thankful to TTD, Principal S.V Ayurvedic college, Tirupathi my guide & Professor Dr M. Paramkussh Rau, all my teachers & my friends for kind support.